Business Commons^™

The Promised Land Is On The Horizon: The Fix Crowdfunding Act Will Implement Small Changes That Could Make A Big Impact On Investors And Businesses Alike, Michaela Smith

The Journal of Business, Entrepreneurship & the Law

No abstract provided.

Trends In Fashion Law: Striking The Proper Balance Between Protecting The Art Form And Sustaining A Thriving Online Market, Elisabeth Johnson

The Journal of Business, Entrepreneurship & the Law

No abstract provided.

Implementing A Portable Reciprocity Passport To Crowdfund Real Estate Across Borders, Raymond Tran

The Journal of Business, Entrepreneurship & the Law

No abstract provided.

"Flaw-Backs:" Executive Compensation Clawbacks And Their Costly Flaw, Connor Douglas Maag

The Journal of Business, Entrepreneurship & the Law

Saving money should not be expensive. Compensation “clawbacks” are a legal mechanism for companies to reclaim employee compensation, but the legislative framework is complex and disorganized. There are four primary federal claw-back provisions: Sarbanes-Oxley § 304, Dodd-Frank § 954, 12 U.S.C.A. § 5221(TARP), and Dodd-Frank § 956—as well as voluntary contractual clawback policies. This comment untangles the web of clawback legislation by overlaying each clawback mechanism to extract a single, clear, and concise description of executive compensation clawbacks, called the “Comprehensive Clawback Coverage.” The Comprehensive Clawback Coverage reveals a major flaw in the legal and regulatory framework: clawbacks increase agency …

Failed Anti-Activist Legislation: The Curious Case Of The Brokaw Act, Alon Brav, J.B. Heaton, Jonathan Zandberg

The Journal of Business, Entrepreneurship & the Law

The Brokaw Act was proposed legislation aimed at “financial abuses being carried out by activist hedge funds who promote short-term gains at the expense of long-term growth . . . .” Sponsoring Senators named it after a small town in Wisconsin that, according to the Act’s sponsors, was decimated by the actions of a hedge fund activist in shutting down the local paper mill with a loss of hundreds of jobs. The Brokaw Act represented the first attempt at federal legislation aimed at restricting hedge fund activism. Since then, new and similar bipartisan proposals have appeared as have threats of …

Integrating Machine Learning In Law: A Precis Of Best Practices For Initial Law Firm Adoption, J. Mark Phillips

The Journal of Business, Entrepreneurship & the Law

Much of the mystery surrounding machine learning lays not just in how it functions, but in how it is applied. This is especially true in the field of law, where the implementation of artificial intelligence has lagged other fields. This précis distills best practices of machine learning implementation and applies them succinctly to the unique environment of law. Guiding principles and considerations are provided for the technology team, the nature of law firm data, and the commitment level of the adopting law firm.

The Infinite Legal Acumen Of An Artificial Mind: How Machine Learning Can Permanently Capture Legal Expertise And Optimize The Law Firm Pyramid, J. Mark Phillips

The Journal of Business, Entrepreneurship & the Law

As the legal industry gradually integrates artificial intelligence (AI) into its practice, the underlying technology continues to advance at a fever pitch. Machine learning platforms arguably represent the pinnacle of AI development, and this technology currently augments and replicates intelligent human tasks in ways never before conceived. The business applications of machine learning are bearing fruit across a spectrum of industries and professions. Yet despite machine learning’s demonstrated promise, its forays into the legal industry have been uneven. In fact, the most advanced forms of machine learning have been relegated primarily to lower-level attorney tasks such as e-discovery, due-diligence, and …

Curb Your Enthusiasm: The Real Implications Of Blockchain In The Legal Industry, Justin Evans

The Journal of Business, Entrepreneurship & the Law

No abstract provided.

Recent Developments Concerning The Purchase Of Consumer Debt; Defining Potential Problems And Proposals For Suggested Solutions, Gerald A. Williams

The Journal of Business, Entrepreneurship & the Law

No abstract provided.

1996 - Monterey County Hydrogeologic Study, Volume Ii -- Critical Issues Report And Interim Management Plan, Final Report

Monterey County Water Resources Agency Engineering Reports

This document was a companion report to the North Monterey County Hydrogeologic Study, Volume I, dated October 1995. The document built from the technical understanding and problem identification developed in Volume I and focuses on key issues relative to developing a management plan for the water resources of the area. These included the interrelated policy, legal and financial issues that complicate the management of the resource. The purpose of the report was to provide an analysis of these issues towards the development of long-range management objectives.

1998 - 2030 Land Use And Water Needs Conditions

Miscellaneous Monterey and San Luis Obispo County Documents and Reports

Documentation of the methodology and data used to estimate the land use, M&I water needs, and pumped agricultural water under the 2030 conditions. One of the primary goals of the Salinas River Basin Management Plan (BMP) is to meet the agricultural, and municipal and industrial water needs of the Valley under the existing conditions (1995 level of development) as well as, under the future conditions (2030 level of development), while stopping the seawater intrusion and balancing the hydrologic conditions in the basin. In order to meet the 2030 water needs, a reasonable estimate of land use and water use conditions …

2018-December-21-Accreditation With Commendation, University Marketing And Communications, East Tennessee State University

ETSU News

JOHNSON CITY – (December 21, 2018) The Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) has awarded its highest accreditation level to the continuing medical education (CME) program at East Tennessee State University’s Quillen College of Medicine.

As the accrediting body for continuing medical education, ACCME affirms that the Quillen College of Medicine has demonstrated a high-quality program, defined by the strength of its organizational resources and exceptional staff, in offering learning activities that enhance health care provider knowledge, skills and performance in the context of lifelong learning.

This honor, “Accreditation with Commendation,” is awarded to CME programs that adhere to …

Runzhou Zhang Order On Defendant Scott Hosteler's Motion To Enforce Judgment, Melvin Westmoreland

Superior Court of Fulton County: Metro Atlanta Business Case Division Opinions

No abstract provided.

1998 - Salinas Valley Water (Preliminary Analysis Of) The Cause And Cost Of Seawater Intrusion

Miscellaneous Monterey and San Luis Obispo County Documents and Reports

An analysis of the historical cause of seawater intrusion in the Pressure Area of Monterey County. An annual overdraft of groundwater resources near the coast coupled with a seasonal cycle of over pumping created a reversal in the groundwater gradient and associated cones of depression. "Marine intrusion has occurred in the 180-foot aquifer in recent years as a result of overdrafts." (Bulletin 52, 1946, p.27). The only overdrafts on groundwater in the Salinas Valley were in the East Side and Pressure Areas. "There was no shortage of groundwater in the remainder of the basin and no threat of deficiency under …

1995 - North Monterey County Hydrogeologic Study Volume I, Water Resource

Monterey County Water Resources Agency Engineering Reports

The purpose of the investigation was to develop a better understanding of the hydrogeologic setting in the North Monterey County (North County) area and to quantify the various components of water supply and demand. The investigation also focused on the institutional and planning issues associated with the resource limitations and suggests possible responses to these limitations. The investigation was intended to provide the Monterey County Water Resources Agency (MCWRA), as well as the Monterey County Departments of Planning, Building & Inspection and Division of Environmental Health, with data essential to developing a ground water management plan and to support modifications …

2000 - Geology Bibliography Of California, 1854–2000

Miscellaneous Monterey and San Luis Obispo County Documents and Reports

The scope of this database is much broader in scope than the original list of consultant reports submitted to Monterey County governmental agencies and includes extensive references on regional geologic mapping, hydrogeology, economic geology, and research done in connection with the Parkfield Earthquake Prediction Experiment.

Major sources of information include:

• Monterey County Planning Department: a database of approximately 2,000 references within the

categories of geology, soil, water resources, and water quality.

• Monterey County Water Resources Agency.

• Monterey Peninsula Water Management District.

• The American Geological Institute’s GeoRef database.

• The U.S. Geological Survey’s National Geologic Map Database. …

2018 - Groundwater Management In California, Michael Hanemann

Related Research and Documents

In 2014, the California legislature for the first time took some steps to create a framework for regulating groundwater pumping in over-drafted basins by adopting the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act (SGMA), representing California's first statewide groundwater management planning program. SGMA called for local agencies to develop groundwater sustainability plans within the next five to seven years and then achieve sustainable levels of groundwater extraction by approximately 2040 to 2045. California's prior efforts to regulate groundwater extraction is discussed, as well as groundwater depletion.

2003 - Salinas Valley Sediment Sources

Related Research and Documents

The Salinas River is listed by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) under the Clean Water Act’s ‘303d list’ as being impaired due to ‘sedimentation/siltation.' A plan for management of the total maximum daily load of sediment is thus mandated. This plan was to include an assessment of sediment sources in the Salinas Watershed. The study provided the technical basis for this source analysis, to be used by the Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board (CCRWQB) in the development of the Salinas Sediment TMDL.

Facilitating Pre-Service Teachers To Engage Emergent Bilinguals In Productive Struggle, Benjamin T. Dickey, Jim Ewing, Melissa Caruso, Emily D. Fulmer

Journal of Multicultural Affairs

This study utilized a multiple case study with qualitative research to examine how Pre-service teachers (PSTs) might engage Emergent Bilinguals (EBs) in productive struggle—grappling to solve problems (Warshauer, 2015). The researchers created a rubric based on Warshauer’s (2015) case study to record the types of questions PSTs asked as they tutored fourth grade EBs. Warshauer (2015) claimed PSTs should allow students more wait time and ask questions. She referred to such questions as affordance and probing guidance, which facilitates productive struggle. In order to discover more about the PSTs’ thinking, the researchers interviewed the PSTs before and after their first, …

How America Permitted The Great Recession, Robert A. Moss Iii

Honors Program Theses and Projects

Many people have thrown out many ideas as to how the Great Recession happened. Some blame the banks, some blame the system, and others blame the lawmakers. The truth is much more complicated, and many different events lined up to make it happen. The essential fact is that there would likely have been a recession in the 2000s as a result of the commodities price recession of the 90s. What made the recession bad enough to be called the Great Recession was the gradual de-regulation that occurred after Glass-Steagal. Primarily, this paper will deal with the laws surrounding the banking …

2018-December-20-Prehistoric Peccaries, University Marketing And Communications, East Tennessee State University

ETSU News

JOHNSON CITY (Dec. 20, 2018) – East Tennessee was once home to a stunning diversity of remarkable animals, including rhinos, tapirs, mastodons, alligators and more.  Scientists know all of this thanks to the fossil-rich clays of the Gray Fossil Site, which preserve an ancient ecosystem that dates back around 5 million years.  At that time, the site was a large pond surrounded by a lush forest.  Now, East Tennessee State University scientists have found another animal to add to the picture of this ancient ecosystem: peccaries.

Peccaries may look like pigs, but they are not.  True pigs, members of the …

2018-December-20-Carter Railroad Heritage Day, University Marketing And Communications, East Tennessee State University

ETSU News

JOHNSON CITY (Dec. 20, 2018) — Models of America’s former signature railroads will be on display during Heritage Day on Saturday, Dec. 29 at the George L. Carter Railroad Museum located on the campus of East Tennessee State University.

Today’s super railroads were spawned by the consolidation of numerous smaller firms and had signature identities such as unique logos, memorable slogans and colorful paint schemes. This was particularly evident in the 1940-60 era as diesel power rapidly gained acceptance. These rails remain iconic and instantly identifiable to most enthusiast. “Santa Fe – All the Way,” “Southern Serves the South,” “Louisville …

Strategic Leadership Newsletter: Volume 4, Number 4, Larry Starr, Phd

Leadership Doctorates Newsletter (Formerly Strategic Leadership Newsletter)

In this Issue:

• Our New Dean
• Jefferson DSL Welcomes Cohort #7
• Student Reflection
• International Thanksgiving 2018
• 2nd Annual DSL Applied Research Methods Conference
• Call for Papers for the 79th Annual Meeting of the Academy of Management
• DSL Community Milestones and Professional Updates
• 2019 Planning According to the Academic Calendar

Innovation, Ownership And Ipo Underpricing, Roman Bohdan

LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation consists of two empirical essays. The first chapter titled: “Hedge Fund Activism and Dual Ownership of U.S. Multinationals”. Harford, Wang & Zhang (2017) conclude that holding high cash balances abroad to avoid US taxes causes internal capital markets and investments distortions. We posit that hedge funds target MNCs with more severe internal capital and agency problems. We demonstrate that upon acquiring dual ownership in these firms, hedge funds reduce internal capital problems and improve investment, especially innovation, efficiencies. To further reduce agency costs of foreign cash holdings, hedge funds engage dual firms in focused acquisitions. These improvements are …

How To Maximize Your Small Business's Impact On Social Media, Brianna J. Arnaud

LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

This thesis is meant to be a learning tool to help small businesses use free social media accounts as business marketing tools. The manual is broken down into chapters highlighting the importance of “Knowing your Audience,” “Branding,” “Constructing a Post,” “Using Visual Rhetoric,” and “Expanding your Audience.”. This thesis is inspired by scholars of English, internet linguistics, journalism, gender theory, professional writing, and rhetoric. It is also inspired by a survey of 18 small businesses in the Lafayette, Louisiana area. The survey helped to focus my research on the social media issues of small businesses in the southern region of …

The Effectiveness Of Government Mandated Disclosure Reform, Sakshi Raj

LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

The higher the level of information asymmetry between a firm and its investors, the higher is the firm’s reluctance to raise money externally, potentially leading to investment distortions. An improved disclosure system reduces information asymmetry and therefore, lessens the adverse selection effects of external financing, thereby moderating investment inefficiencies. In this paper, we examine the impact of potentially improved transparency stemming from stricter disclosure requirements (Clause 49) on financing and investment decisions of Indian firms. The results show that reliance of Indian firms on internal financing in the pre-reform period gives way to greater use of external financing …

Essays On Capital Structure Of Nations, Giovanni Perez

LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Impact Of Labor Protection Laws On The Operating And Financial Risks Of Firms: The Case Of China, Yuxin Huang

LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

A debate exists regarding the effect of labor protection laws on labor costs. Whether labor protection laws increase or decrease labor costs has implications for risk exposure of affected firms. If the labor costs go up, all else the same, the firm’s breakeven point goes up. Facing increased business risk, the firm must resort to strategies that inhibit the risk exposure, especially if the higher labor costs cannot be transferred, without adverse consequences, to consumers. The strategies include reigning in, if at all possible, operating leverage and financial leverage. Conversely, if the labor costs decrease, a firm’s business risk declines, …

Ford Motor Company's Financial Analysis, Azbayar Enkhbayar

Dissertations, Theses, and Projects

The goals and objectives of this financial report are to value the common stock of Ford Motor Company and provide a recommendation to buy, sell, or hold. Quantitative and qualitative data about Ford Motor Company, its competitors, and the markets it operates in were analyzed for this report. A discounted cash flow model was used to forecast future free cash flows. The model estimated Ford’s common stock to be fairly valued at USD 9.81 per share. This is slightly higher than the current price of $9.41 and a hold recommendation is made.

Analysis Of Cyberoptics Corporation, Laura Benson

Dissertations, Theses, and Projects

This analysis looks at CyberOptics, a Minnesota based company with segments in metrology, semiconductors, and surface mount technology. The goal of the project is to determine an appropriate valuation given recent financial data, and give an opinion on whether to buy, hold, or sell given a closing stock date.