Business Commons^™

Economic Impacts Of Abolishing Vertical Integration In The Us Pork Industry, Konstantinos Giannakas

Department of Agricultural Economics: Presentations, Working Papers, and Gray Literature

This paper develops a multi-market framework of analysis of vertical relationships in pork production and game theoretic models of heterogeneous firms to examine the economic, market and welfare impacts of abolishing vertical integration in the US pork sector. Different scenarios on the causes of vertical integration and the potential states of nature that can emerge after the removal of this vertical market arrangement are considered within this framework. Analytical results are consistent across the different scenarios and forms of strategic interactions between pork producers and indicate that the abolishment of vertical integration in the US pork sector will hurt pork …

Unveiling Perceived Gender Bias In Middle Eastern Academia: Cross-Country Analysis Of Women’S Leadership, Laila Mohebi, Amani K.Hamdan Alghamdi, Sadia Shaukat

All Works

Gender bias remains a significant systemic barrier for women in academic leadership, restricting both career advancement and influence that creates a leadership gap, accenting the need for evidence-based strategies to promote equity and inclusive leadership pathways. Guided by social role theory, which explains in what way incongruence between communal female roles and agentic leadership roles leads to prejudice against women leaders, we investigated their perceptions of gender bias across four countries each with different local sociocultural gender norms, religious interpretations and national policies: Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain and Pakistan. Employing a cross-national comparative and descriptive research design, …

Lindenwood Celebrates Five Years Of Partnership With University Of Mosul, Lindenwood University

Archived Lindenwood Press Releases

No abstract provided.

Ceo Pay Differences Between Us And Non-Us Firms: A New Longitudinal Investigation, Ruiyuan (Ryan) Chen, Sadok El Ghoul, Omrane Guedhami, Feiyu Liu

Faculty Publications

Research Question/Issue

Public and academic debates typically portray US CEOs as exceptionally well paid. Yet, evidence on the existence and magnitude of a US CEO pay premium is mixed and dated. This study uses an expanded, longitudinal dataset to identify whether such a pay premium exists and explores potential differences across countries, time, and governance and institutional contexts.

Research Findings/Insights

Using a dataset of over 42,000 firm-year observations from 34 countries during 2001–2018, we document a persistent but heterogeneous US CEO pay premium. Compared with non-US peers, US CEOs receive 23% more total pay and 20% more equity-based compensation, on …

The Impact Of Ai-Powered Mobile Money System On Supply Chain: Multi-Cases From Smes In The Global South, Mostafa Mohamad, Michael Nii Laryeafio, Ebimoboere Koroye, Derick Nyame, Samuel Ayertey, Adelina Emini

All Works

This study explores the effects of adopting an artificial intelligence (AI)-powered mobile money system (AI-MMS) on supply chain operations among small and medium-sized enter-prises (SMEs) in the Global South. The authors developed a new version of Rogers’ Diffusion of Innovation model (DoI) that considers the geopolitical context and environmental fac-tors, including regulatory framework, trust, risk and complexity, to help understand how AI-MMS can enhance transactional efficiency in SMEs and bridge the financial inclusion gap. Using qualitative methods, we conducted 40 semi-structured interviews with SME owners in Abuja, Lagos, Kaduna, Kano and Port Harcourt and found that AI-MMS enhanced their logistics …

2026-01-29 Fep Recommendations (Pac-35), Morehead State University. Faculty Senate.

Faculty Senate Records

Recommendation for FEPs presented to the Faculty Senate on January 29, 2026.

2026-01-29 Guidelines For Tenure Portfolio Manager - 2nd Revisal, Morehead State University. Faculty Senate.

Faculty Senate Records

Second revisal of the Guidelines for Tenure Portfolio Managers presented to the Faculty Senate on January 29, 2026.

2026-01-29 Faculty Senate Meeting Minutes, Morehead State University. Faculty Senate.

Faculty Senate Records

Faculty Senate meeting minutes from January 29, 2026.

2026-01-29 Faculty Senate Newsletter, Morehead State University. Faculty Senate.

Faculty Senate Records

Faculty Senate newsletter from January 29, 2026.

A Full-Circle Impact: Macy Nesslage Earns Young Alumni Award, Lindenwood University

Archived Lindenwood Press Releases

No abstract provided.

Hybrid Quantum-Classical Optimization Of The Resource Scheduling Problem, Tyler Christeson, Md Habib Ullah, Ali Arabnya, Amin Khodaei, Rui Fan

Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Scholarship

Resource scheduling is critical in many industries, especially in power systems where the Unit Commitment (UC) problem determines the on/off status and output levels of generators under physical and economic constraints. Traditional exact methods, such as Branch-and-Bound, Branch-and-Cut, dynamic programming and mixed-integer linear programming (MILP), remain the backbone of UC solution techniques, but they often rely on linear approximations or exhaustive search, leading to high computational burdens as system size grows. Metaheuristic approaches, such as genetic algorithms, particle swarm optimization, and other evolutionary methods, have been explored to mitigate this complexity; however, they typically lack optimality guarantees, exhibit sensitivity to …

Metaverse-Enabled Digital Twins For Business And Smart Cities: Toward A Human-Centered Framework For Digital Transformation, Rasem Qudaih, Nicholas Caldwell, Imen Ben Salem, A. Karthi

All Works

Digital Twin (DT) technologies are increasingly changing how businesses and cities model, assess, and enhance complex systems. Traditional DTs have served as static representations of tangible assets, providing monitoring and predictive functionalities. However, minimal stakeholder engagement and a focus on specific sectors have often limited their full potential. The rise of the metaverse, reinforced by Extended Reality (XR) technologies, presents a unique chance to evolve DTs into immersive, interactive, and human-centered platforms for collaborative decision-making. This integration allows stakeholders to visualize and engage with multidimensional data in real time, facilitating predictive analysis, scenario planning, and participatory governance. In business environments, …

Taking Pride In Vegan Consumption: A Construal Level Theory Account Of Ad Message Appeal And Future Self Connectedness, Mona Safizadeh, Atefeh Yazdanparast, Reto Felix

Marketing Faculty Publications

Despite growing interest in vegan products, research examining the motivations, underlying psychological processes, and boundary conditions that drive consumer preference for vegan products remains limited. Drawing on theories of temporal self and appraisal theory, we find that an immediate message appeal (e.g., animal welfare), as compared to a future outcome message appeal (e.g., environmental benefits), leads to higher preference for vegan products. Anticipated consumption pride, but not guilt, mediates this relationship, highlighting the role of positive emotions in shaping ethical behavior. Furthermore, we examine how aligning the temporal orientation of advertising message appeals with individuals' construal mindsets, as primed by …

Utah Women In The Workplace: Entrepreneurship, Workforce Development, Stem Fields, And Leadership Development, Susan R. Madsen, April Townsend

Marketing and Strategy Faculty Publications

During the fall of 2023, Utah Women & Leadership Project (UWLP) researchers conducted a statewide study to establish a baseline for public perceptions related to the awareness, understanding, and attitudes about challenges that Utah women and girls face. In early 2024, we published 20 short research summaries¹ that shared the results of this comprehensive study (see Nos. 9–28). Next, in the fall of 2024, we administered this survey, with slight changes, around the state of Utah for the second time. Six comprehensive research white papers were then published on the results (see Nos. 11, 12, 13, 14, 16, and …

Smartphone And Sleep, Jesenia Ortiz, Melanie Bonilla, Eduard Reyes, Jose Rivera

Open Educational Resources

The case study and Decision: You are a data analyst advising a university-affiliated research and wellness initiative that is evaluating whether late-night smartphone use should be formally discouraged as part of student wellness guidance. Over the past academic year, administrators have raised concerns about declining sleep quality among students and its potential impact on academic performance, health, and decision-making. While smartphones are an essential tool for communication and learning, their use immediately before bedtime has emerged as a possible contributor to sleep disruption. The initiative must decide whether the available evidence is strong enough to justify recommending that students limit …

When The World Hits Play, Eileen Mazariegos, Danjela Halilaj, Yosmairy Guzman, Freddy Cruz Osorno

Open Educational Resources

The case study and Decision: In 2025, Lehman College administrators face a critical decision: how can music be strategically used to improve student engagement, emotional well-being, and campus connection? The decision must be made now, as rising academic stress, digital isolation, and declining campus interaction are affecting student experience. Leadership must determine whether to invest in a data-driven, campus-focused music platform or continue relying on generalized commercial streaming experiences that do not reflect student needs. The outcome of this decision will shape how students connect emotionally, socially, and academically on campus.

Nyc Fire Causes, Alex Rodriguez, Anyely Rojas Romero, Brianna Itwaru, Shahreen Sneha

Open Educational Resources

The case study and Decision: You are a team of newly hired Data analysts who have been chosen to conduct a case study for the Department of New York City. There is an interest in discovering what exactly is causing fires in New York City. Also, how can we prevent them?

Treasury Bills, Di Wu

Open Educational Resources

The Scenario and The Decision: You are a Data Analyst at a mid-sized investment advisory firm that manages portfolios for both individual and corporate clients. Recently, a significant portion of the client base has expressed interest in shifting capital toward U.S. Treasury bills (T-bills) as a low-risk investment strategy. However, the firm faces a dilemma: while T-bills are considered "safe," their prices and yields fluctuate based on economic conditions and investor demand, making market entry timing critical. The firm has formally requested that you provide a comprehensive analysis to guide their future investment decisions.

Access Is The Outcome: Rethinking Metrics, Worthiness, And Human Rights Across Philanthropy And Development, Stephanie Zabriskie

Faculty Publications

This thought paper examines how philanthropic evaluation frameworks misclassify access to basic human rights as a preliminary step rather than a complete outcome. In competitive funding environments, post-access behavioral metrics such as utilization and compliance are often elevated to outcome status and used to assess program worthiness. Drawing on rights-based and systems-level evaluation frameworks, the paper argues that access itself constitutes a sufficient and legitimate outcome, and that post-access data should function as program management inputs rather than legitimacy or financial thresholds. Reframing access as the outcome has implications for philanthropic accountability, administrative burden, and the ethical consistency of funding …

Dave Ananayo Wins Alumni Merit Award For Shaping Performance And Potential, Lindenwood University

Archived Lindenwood Press Releases

No abstract provided.

Why Agtech Startups Fail? Evidence From Global Shutdown Patterns In 2025 And The Cost-Adoption Mismatch Effect, Ankit Chandra, Ishani Lal

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Presentations and White Papers

Agricultural technologies are widely seen as a driver for sustainability, resilience, and food-system transformation. Yet in 2025, agtech startup across North America, Europe, Asia, and Africa experienced multiple shutdowns. Although each company closed for its own reasons, the failures highlight consistent underlying patterns. We analyze 18 publicly reported shutdowns across controlled-environment agriculture (CEA), robotics, insect protein, digital platforms, sensors, and ag-biotechnology. We find that most ventures struggled not with scientific feasibility but with economic and adoption dynamics at the farm level. We identify a Cost-Adoption Mismatch Effect, in which the capital and operational burden of a technology exceeds farmers’ capacity …

2026-01-15 Guidelines For Portfolio Managers, Morehead State University. Faculty Senate.

Faculty Senate Records

Guidelines for Portfolio Managers presented to the Faculty Senate on January 15, 2026.

2026-01-15 Faculty Feedback To Fep Results, Morehead State University. Faculty Senate.

Faculty Senate Records

Faculty feedback to FEP results, submitted to the Faculty Senate on January 15, 2026.

2026-01-15 Next Steps For Fep Checklist, Morehead State University. Faculty Senate.

Faculty Senate Records

The next steps for the FEP Checklist submitted to the Faculty Senate on January 15, 2026.

2026-01-15 Faculty Senate Newsletter, Morehead State University. Faculty Senate.

Faculty Senate Records

Faculty Senate newsletter from January 15, 2026.

2026-01-15 Faculty Senate Meeting Minutes, Morehead State University. Faculty Senate.

Faculty Senate Records

Faculty Senate meeting minutes from January 15, 2026.

Math Success Center Achieves Level One Certification, Lindenwood University

Archived Lindenwood Press Releases

No abstract provided.

Securing U.S. Leadership In Agentic Ai Literacy And Adoption: U.S. Vs Chinese Government Policies And Initiatives, Satyadhar Joshi

Harrisburg University Other Works

This paper conducts a comparative analysis of U.S. and Chinese frameworks for AI literacy and adoption, with focus on agentic AI and Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) systems capable of autonomous reasoning and execution. We examine national policies, educational integration, governance structures, and technological roadmaps, employing both qualitative review and quantitative modeling. Mathematical formulations include multi-dimensional literacy scoring, Bass diffusion models for adoption dynamics, risk assessment functions, regulatory effectiveness indices, competitiveness metrics, and optimization frameworks for resource allocation. Our analysis reveals divergent paradigms: the U.S. Favors decentralized, innovation-driven approaches with emphasis on interoperability and public-private collaboration; while China pursues centralized, state-led …

2026-01-13 Minutes, Morehead State University. Staff Congress.

Staff Congress Records

Staff Congress meeting minutes from January 13, 2026.

High School Dropout Rates Among Latin Students In The United States, Taryn T. Marriott

Student Works

An ongoing concern of educators and community members is the disproportionately high amounts of Latinx students dropping out of high school in the United States. Although there has been notable research done and action taken, the problem still remains. Lack of familial support, discrimination, and residence in low-income areas all contribute to the low retention rates of Latinx youth on track to graduate high school. As a result, youth who do not complete their education and set their sights on career goals have a harder time with employment, communicating in their society, and tend to show higher levels of engagement …