Business Commons^™

Customer-Based Brand Equity And Customer Behavioral Intention: Evidence From Insurance Service, Elaheh Bakhshizadeh, Hossein Aliasghari

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Objectives: Brands as effective tools and the most valuable intangible assets of companies are widely applied to change customer behavioral intentions. Creating brands with high positions in customers' minds which can offer great value to them and affect their decision-making processes and purchase intentions is companies' priority. This study examines the effects of customer-based brand equity and its dimensions comprising brand awareness, brand association, perceived quality, and brand loyalty (Aaker's model) on customer repurchase intention through customer perceived value in the light of signalling theory. Method: These relationships are investigated on a sample of Iranian life insureds (267 customers) in …

The Landscape Of Public Procurement Research: A Bibliometric Analysis And Topic Modelling Based On Scopus, Abderahman Rejeb, Karim Rejeb, Andrea Appolloni, Yasanur Kayikci, Mohammad Iranmanesh

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the structure and dynamics of academic articles relating to public procurement (PP) in the period 1984–2022 (up to May). The researchers also intend to analyse how this knowledge domain has grown since 1984. Design/methodology/approach: A bibliometric analysis was carried out to examine the existing state of PP research. Based on 640 journal articles indexed in the Scopus database and written by 1,247 authors over nearly four decades, a bibliometric analysis was conducted to reveal the intellectual structure of academic works pertaining to PP. Findings: Findings reveal that PP research from Scopus …

Benefits Of Work-Integrated Learning For Students, Denise Jackson, Elizabeth J. Cook

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The authors aim to assist work-integrated learning (WIL) stakeholders in identifying and understanding the broad range of evidenced benefits for engaging in WIL. The chapter features a synthesis of empirical higher education research on the benefits of WIL across various dimensions of student employability. The introduction briefly considers the meaning of WIL and employability, as both are considered in this chapter, and discusses the scope and framing of the synthesis informed by a review of the relevant literature. The gathered literature is summarized in tabular form across the dimensions of employability and then discussed through the lens of Tomlinson’s graduate …

Forecasting Term Structure Of The Japanese Bond Yields In The Presence Of A Liquidity Trap, Albert K. Tsui, Junxiang Wu, Zhaoyong Zhang, Zhongxi Zheng

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The Nelson–Siegel (NS) model is widely used in practice to fit the term structure of interest rates largely due to its high efficacy in the in-sample fit and out-of-sample forecasting of bond yields. In this paper, we compare forecasting performances of estimated yields from the Nelson–Siegel-based models and some simpler time series models, using the daily, weekly, and monthly data during a prolong period of liquidity trap in Japan. We find that the out-of-sample expanding window forecasts by NS-based models in general perform less satisfactory than the competitor models. However, the NS-based models can be useful in forecasting yields over …

The Relationship Between Responsible Financial Behaviours And Financial Wellbeing: The Case Of Buy-Now-Pay-Later, Robert Powell, Anh Do, Denise Gengatharen, Jaime Yong, Rasiah Gengatharen

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Buy-now-pay-later (BNPL) in Australia is a rapidly growing payment innovation. Regulators and consumer groups have expressed concerns at the financial risks posed by BNPL. As BNPL is not regulated under consumer credit law, financial regulator and consumer groups have recommended that BNPL users adopt a range of responsible financial behaviours for their financial wellbeing. This study, using a survey of BNPL users and structural equation modelling, shows a link between most of these recommended financially responsible behaviours and financial wellbeing and that the financial behaviours of younger users (aged under 25) place them at greater risk of reduced financial wellbeing.

Reframing The Dei Case, Veronica Root Martinez

Faculty Scholarship

Corporate firms have long expressed their support for the idea that their organizations should become more demographically diverse while creating a culture that is inclusive of all members of the firm. These firms have traditionally, however, not been successful at improving demographic diversity and true inclusion within the upper echelons of their organizations. The status quo seemed unlikely to move, but expectations for corporate firms were upended after the #MeToo Movement of 2017 and 2018, which was followed by corporate support of the #BlackLivesMatter Movement in 2020. These two social movements, while distinct in many ways, forced firms to rethink …

Side Letter Governance, Elisabeth De Fontenay, Yaron Nili

Faculty Scholarship

A standard feature of the private equity industry, “side letters” are confidential agreements between the sponsor and individual investors that give the latter special rights, beyond those that apply to other investors in the private equity fund. Yet side letters have become a flashpoint for prominent critics of the industry, who argue that they allow private equity sponsors to benefit their favored investors at the expense of smaller, less sophisticated ones. Others have argued that, to the contrary, side letters are merely an efficient means of price discrimination—charging different prices to different investors, according to their willingness to pay—a practice …

Brief Of Law And Business Professors As Amici Curiae In Support Of Respondents, James D. Cox, Sarah C. Haan, Faith Stevelman, J. Robert Brown Jr., Joan Macleod Heminway

Faculty Scholarship

Omissions of disclosure required by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC or Commission) in Item 303 of Regulation S-K can be a basis for an action under Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Exchange Act). Disclosures mandated by the SEC in periodic reports are not optional. That these obligations can create a “duty” to disclose under Rule 10b-5(b) is consistent with congressional intent, state court opinions, the common law, and with the longstanding understanding of the federal securities laws (including those of legal scholars and the SEC). This case does not, therefore, seek to “impermissibly expand” the …

Cheating Constraint Decisions And Discrimination Against Workers With Lower Financial Standing, Grace J. H. Lim, Marko Pitesa, Abhijeet K. Vadera

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Workers with lower financial standing face many personal challenges due to the relatively lower level of material resources they have at their disposal. We propose that lower financial standing not just impacts workers themselves, but also engenders discrimination from supervisors. Drawing on social cognition principles, we forward a situational inference perspective whereby supervisors make a naïve inference that workers with lower financial standing pose a higher risk of cheating which leads them to subject such workers to more negative treatment and deprive them of opportunities. We focus on two ubiquitous ways in which organizations constrain cheating behavior: worker surveillance and …

Going Beyond Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, And Democratic (Weird) Samples And Problems In Organizational Research, Marko Pitesa, Michele J. Gelfand

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

The goal of organizational research is to make inferences about a target population based on samples studied. Most target populations referred to in theories of organizational behavior, whether explicitly or implicitly, tend to be the entire populations of workers or managers, or even the entire human population. A typical sample, however, is convenient, being located where most researchers are, and thus also predominantly from Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic countries (WEIRD; Henrich, Heine, & Norenzayan, 2010).

Perspectives On The Mission, Value And Impact Of The Business School, Howard Thomas, Howard Thomas

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

The business school has been an important success story in the evolution of the modern university. Yet it is increasingly valued in that context “much more for its managerial expertise, cash generation ability and financial strength than its intellectual vigour and scholarship. Indeed … its legitimacy as a serious academic discipline is critically questioned by scholars in science, arts and the humanities” (Thomas, Lorange and Sheth, 2013, pp 52/3). Rakesh Khurana (2007) argues that business schools have become the ‘hired hands’ of business and have abandoned any pretence of fulfilling goals of developing a cadre of professional managers as proposed …

From Market Making To Matchmaking: Does Bank Regulation Harm Market Liquidity?, Gideon Saar, Jian Sun, Ron Yang, Haoxiang Zhu

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Post-crisis bank regulations raised market-making costs for bank-affiliated dealers. We show that this can, somewhat surprisingly, improve overall investor welfare and reduce average transaction costs despite the increased cost of immediacy. Bank dealers in OTC markets optimize between two parallel trading mechanisms: market making and matchmaking. Bank regulations that increase market-making costs change the market structure by intensifying competitive pressure from non-bank dealers and incentivizing bank dealers to shift their business toward matchmaking. Thus, post-crisis bank regulations have the (unintended) benefit of replacing costly bank balance sheets with a more efficient form of financial intermediation.

Presidential Economic Approval Rating And The Cross-Section Of Stock Returns, Zilin Chen, Zhi Da, Dashan Huang, Liyao Wang

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

We construct a monthly presidential economic approval rating (PEAR) index from 1981 to 2019, by averaging ratings on the president’s handling of the economy across various national polls. In the cross-section, stocks with high betas to changes in the PEAR index significantly under-perform those with low betas by 1.00% per month in the future, on a risk-adjusted basis. The low PEAR beta premium persists up to one year, and is present in various sub-samples and even in other G7 countries. PEAR beta dynamically reveals a firm’s perceived alignment to the incumbent president’s economic policies and investors seem to misprice such …

R&D Subsidies In Permissive And Restrictive Environment: Evidence From Korea, Yumi Koh, Gea M. Lee

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper investigates the extent to which a regulatory environment for R&D subsidies shapes the magnitude and direction of R&D subsidies set by a government and consequent innovation paths. When the WTO adopted a permissive regulatory environment, we find that the Korean government increased R&D subsidies significantly (89.21%) and selectively so for firms and industries with higher returns. Recipient firms conducted less basic research and more development research. Improvements in innovations were mostly incremental and minor. However, such changes did not persist once the WTO switched to a restrictive regulatory environment. Our findings show that the regulatory environment imposed by …

Which Businesses Enroll In Innovation Training? Evidence From A Field Experiment, Pascale Crama, Reddi Kotha, Cintia Kulzer Sacilotto, Vish Krishnan

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

We report results from a field experiment testing hypotheses that examine what drives firms to seek new learning opportunities. Specifically, we draw on behavioral theory of the firm to predict how prior performance affects the likelihood a firm enrolls in business training. We also evaluate cognitive mechanisms connecting recruitment messaging and CEO growth orientation to firm participation. Our study randomly allocates over 10,000 firms to one of three experimental conditions—prevention, promotion, and neutral messaging—that vary the framing of a recruitment message for an innovation program for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Singapore. We leverage pre-treatment heterogeneity in firm performance …

Higher Education Enrollment Crisis: The Importance Of Examining Student’S Choice Of Modality, Loreen Powell, Ronda Mariani, Hayden Wimmer, Carl R. Rebman Jr., Michalina Hendon

School of Business: Faculty Scholarship

As a result of the health pandemic, the United States (U.S.) has experienced a labor shortage and a decrease in higher education retention and enrollment which has many educational institutions in a crisis mode as they rapidly search for guaranteed sustainable long-term student enrollment. Numerous research studies have explored students' viewpoints through surveys or focus groups to investigate their preferences regarding online or in-person courses. However, there has not been a research study that has examined the post pandemic registration process of student enrollment data over a traditional scheduling period to determine their unbiased preference in modality offerings. More specifically, …

Node.Js Or Php? Determining The Better Website Server Backend Scripting Language, Qozeem Odeniran, Haydeen Wimmer, Carl Rebman

School of Business: Faculty Scholarship

Most people interact with websites expecting them to perform quick results and provide quick responses to their requests and many do not realize the performance is due to server side or backend programming. There are several types of backend web framework/scripting technologies. Programmers and developers often debate over which is the technologies is the better solution. Most debates are based on various dimensions such as performance, scalability, and architecture. The most common factor for settling the debate or choosing the most appropriate frameworks tends to be the performance dimension. This study assesses the performance of both Node.js and PHP by …

Luxury Is What You Say: Analyzing Electronic Word-Of-Mouth Marketing Of Luxury Products Using Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning, Yusuf Oc, Kirk Plangger, Sean Sands, Colin L. Campbell, Leyland Pitt

School of Business: Faculty Scholarship

Many luxury brands are investing heavily in creating dynamic video content to actively engage consumers. While it is straightforward to calculate the views or “likes” from a particular campaign to benchmark performance, analyzing consumers' comments on luxury brands' dynamic video content presents a challenge due to the unstructured nature of natural language and large comment volumes. Previous studies utilizing machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI) have not adequately examined the impact of brand types, brand luxuriousness, and consumer diversity. To address this research gap, this article tests a conceptual framework with over 29,000 comments from 88 YouTube campaigns for nine …

How Fashion And Fast Food Create A Perfect Learning Combo: A Class Exercise In Ethics, Freedom Of Speech, And Intellectual Property, Rebecca Nieman

School of Business: Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Financial Crises As A Phenomenon Of Multiple Equilibria And How To Select Among Them, Nicolas Mäder

School of Business: Faculty Scholarship

When equilibrium is indeterminate (i.e., not unique), applied theory often obtains uniqueness either via ad hoc sunspots or via global games. This paper highlights the relative merits of a third selection mechanism—best-response dynamics (BRD)—in the context of various financial crisis frameworks. For example, in the context of a bank run, selection via BRD is preferred (to ad hoc sunspots) because it provides an explicit coordination narrative and (to global games) because it accounts for the fact that depositors realistically may decide to join or leave a bank's queue upon observing its length.

Racial Concordance On Healthcare Use Within Hispanic Population Subgroups, Alyson Ma, Jason Campbell, Alison Sanchez, Steven Sumner, Mindy Ma

School of Business: Faculty Scholarship

Objective

To examine the association of patient-provider racial and ethnic concordance on healthcare use within Hispanic ethnic subgroups.

Methods

We estimate multivariate probit models using data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, the only national data source measuring how patients use and pay for medical care, health insurance, and out-of-pocket spending. We collect and utilize data on preventive care visits, visits for new health problems, and visits for ongoing health problems from survey years 2007–2017 to measure health outcomes. Additionally, we include data on race and ethnicity concordance, non-health-related socioeconomic and demographic factors, health-related characteristics, provider communication characteristics, and provider …

An Analysis Of U.S. Multi-Family Housing, Eco-Certifications, & Walkability, Jeremy Gabe, Karen Mcgrath, Spenser Robinson, Andrew Sanderford

School of Business: Faculty Scholarship

This paper examines the persistence of differentiated pricing in the multi-family housing related to eco-certification. In examining a sample of market rents for non-specialty, multi-family properties both across the U.S., as well as those areas that enjoy the highest concentrations of LEED certified apartments, we find rental premiums of 10.2% and 14.7%, respectively for those properties with LEED certification. The addition of the continuous Walk Score, to control for variations in urban form, results in premiums of 7.4% and 9.6%, respectively. These findings are directionally consistent with those found in earlier studies, and demonstrate a persistence in rental premiums for …

Generalized Kernel Regularized Least Squares Estimator With Parametric Error Covariance, Justin Dang, Aman Ullah

School of Business: Faculty Scholarship

A two-step estimator of a nonparametric regression function via Kernel regularized least squares (KRLS) with parametric error covariance is proposed. The KRLS, not considering any information in the error covariance, is improved by incorporating a parametric error covariance, allowing for both heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation, in estimating the regression function. A two step procedure is used, where in the first step, a parametric error covariance is estimated by using KRLS residuals and in the second step, a transformed model using the error covariance is estimated by KRLS. Theoretical results including bias, variance, and asymptotics are derived. Simulation results show that the …

Blockholder Mutual Fund Participation In Private In‐House Meetings, Robert M. Bowen, Shantanu Dutta, Songlian Tang, Pengcheng Zhu

School of Business: Faculty Scholarship

The Shenzhen Stock Exchange (SZSE) in China is unique worldwide in requiring disclosure of the timing, participants, and selected content of private in‐house meetings between firm managers and outsider investors. We investigate whether these private meetings benefit hosting firms and their major outside institutional investors— blockholder mutual funds (i.e., funds with ownership ≥5%). Using a large data set of SZSE firms, we find that blockholder mutual funds have more access to private in‐ house meetings, and top management is more likely to be present, especially when a meeting is associated with negative news. Furthermore, when blockholder mutual funds attend negative‐news …

Factors Influencing The Development Of A Successful Cybersecurity Culture, Queen E. Booker, Carl M. Rebman Jr.

School of Business: Faculty Scholarship

All organizations are susceptible to the risks of cyberattacks. Protecting an organization's data and technology is crucial as such systems are frequent targets of attacks from those seeking to gain personal benefit or destroy the organization. Specifically, these external actors either hold an organization’s data for ransom or they disrupt the organization’s system by either shutting it down or changing the way the system runs. Literature has indicated that organizations can address and minimize threats and attacks is to develop a cybersecurity culture through implementation of intentional factors designed specifically to build such a culture. This paper examines the results …

Privatization And Cost Inefficiency At Us Public Research Universities, Kevin Mcclure, Adriana Vamosiu, Marvin A. Titus, Steffon M. Gray

School of Business: Faculty Scholarship

This study examines the relationship between cost efficiency and privatization at 163 public research institutions in the United States between 2005 and 2015. We employ a spatial autoregressive (SAR) random-effects model and stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to estimate the relationship between costs and four privatization variables: auxiliary enterprises as a percentage of total revenue, tuition and fees as a percentage of total revenue, private grants/contracts as a percentage of total revenue, and out-of-state first year enrollment. Results showed cost inefficiency at public research universities increased between 2005 and 2015, even as reliance on private sources of revenue increased. Public research …

Speed-Accuracy Tradeoffs In Decision Making: Perception Shifts And Goal Activation Bias Decision Thresholds, Jeff Larson, Guy Hawkins

Faculty Publications

A fundamental aspect of decision making is the speed-accuracy tradeoff (SAT): slower decisions tend to be more accurate, but because time is a scarce resource people prefer to conclude decisions more quickly. The current research adds to the SAT literature by documenting two previously unrecognized influences on the SAT: perception shifts and goal activation. Decision makers’ perceptions of what constitutes a fast or a slow decision, and what constitutes an accurate or inaccurate decision, are based on prior experience, and these perceptions influence decision speed. Similarly, previous experience in a decision context associates the context with a particular decision goal. …

Typing Fast Versus Typing Slow: Using Typing Dynamics To Reveal Authentic And Imposter Users, David Kim, Joseph S. Valacich, Jeffrey L. Jenkins, Manasvi Kumar

Faculty Publications

Real-time assessment of users' cognitive states has practical importance, allowing organizations to infer user behaviors. Realizing its importance, prior studies – specifically those using mouse cursor movements – have applied various theories to answer a similar question, i.e., how does a high cognitive load influence the users' device usage behavior? While numerous activities can increase cognitive load, we argue that the mechanisms behind how humans process information can more holistically be explained using Dual Process Theory (DPT) (i.e., when cognitive load is either low or high) and can be applied under a broad range of usage contexts. Using a within-participant …

An Integrated Framework On Human-In-The-Loop Risk Analytics, Peng Liu

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Risk analytics is an integral component in the overall assessment of the risk profile for potential and existing obligors. For example, credit worthiness is often assessed via the use of scorecards, which are regulatory credit risk models developed based on historical data and domain expertise in banks and financial institutions. A pure statistical model, however, often fails to entertain regulatory requirements on both predictiveness and interpretability at the same time. Instead, practical risk models are developed by incorporating expert opinions within the development process, such as forcing the direction of travel for certain financial factors. In this article, the author …

Business School Sustainability Revisited: Sustainable No More?, Kai Peters, Howard Thomas

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Kai Peters and Howard Thomas reflect on their 2011 Global Focus article, “A Sustainable Model for Business Schools”, and 2018 book, “Rethinking the Business Model of Business Schools”, and update the thoughts and developments since then.