Business Commons^™

Building International Business Via Culturally Based Marketing Strategies, Amber Sook Ja Belcoe

Whittier Scholars Program

This project analyzes the significance of utilizing cultural intelligence to help the small and/or entrepreneurial firm develop the most effective and comprehensive multinational marketing strategy. This study also evaluates the methodologies used by two United States based multinational firms, Aon Corp. and Dell Corp. to develop a marketing strategy for Spain. This project also features data from personal interviews with senior executives of the two firms, extensive use of published articles, research, government publications, video and multimedia materials, and supplementary sources of information specific to multinational marketing strategies and cultural intelligence. The outcome of this project is to identify the …

Sustainability In Mba Recruiting: Only A Marketing Piece?, Lisa Jones Christensen, Aram Kang, Sheri Willoughby

Faculty Publications

Recently, the business press has paid increasing attention to the issue of sustainable business practices. Such press lends increased support to the innovative practices by for-profit companies as well as the programbuilding work of faculty and administrators at leading business schools. Specifically, faculty at select schools have progressively been building courses, programs, and/or research support centers for ‘sustainability’ education in the MBA curricula, with the number of courses and the student interest in the courses having both increased significantly over the last five years (Christensen et al., 2007; and the article of J. Hitchman in this issue).

Nonresident Fathers’ Family Leisure Patterns During Parenting Time With Their Children, Alisha T. Swinton, Patti A. Freeman, Ramon B. Zabriskie, Paul J. Fields

Faculty Publications

The purpose of the study was to examine the leisure patterns of nonresident fathers while spending time with their child(ren), and to examine leisure constraints, leisure facilitators and nonresident fathers’ satisfaction with family leisure activities. Four instruments were used to collect the data. Family leisure involvement was measured using the Family Leisure Activity Profile (FLAP), leisure constraints were measured using the Nonresident Father Leisure Constraint Scale (NFLCS), leisure facilitators were measured using the Nonresident Fathers’ Leisure Facilitator Scale (NFLFS), and family leisure satisfaction was measured using the Family Leisure Satisfaction Scale (FLSS). The sample was nonresident fathers (N = 129) …

Incorporating Value And Risk Management Principles In Developing Low-Income Housing Projects, Ayman Ahmed Ezzat Othman

Architectural Engineering

The construction industry is concerned with satisfying its customers’ needs through delivering projects that achieve their objectives and meet their expectations on time, within budget and as specified. Despite the several housing programmes constructed by government authorities, there is a real housing problem for the poor. This problem is attributed to a number of reasons. Amongst them, the inability of the low-incomers to cover the cost of supplied houses and the lack of the constructed projects to achieve users’ satisfaction. This highlighted the need to develop innovative and creative solutions that can deliver housing projects that achieve the satisfaction of …

Impact Of Behavioral Performance Management In A Korean Application, Fred Luthans, Shanggeun Rhee, Brett C. Luthans, James B. Avey

Department of Management: Faculty Publications

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to examine whether the use of money, social recognition, and feedback have a similar impact on employee performance in the context of a modern Korean broadband internet service firm.

Design/methodology/approach – The study design was a quasi-field experiment (with control group). First, the leaders of this Korean firm were trained in behavioral performance management. Following the steps of organisational behavior modification (O.B. Mod.) they identified, measured, and analyzed critical performance behaviors and then intervened with the following reward incentives: money (n = 38), social recognition and caring attention (n = 41), and …

Parental Payment Abuse Within The Supplemental Security Income Program, Darlean Taylor-King

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Management of Social Security Administration (SSA) has been challenged by the phenomena of overpayments with its Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program. Oversight authorities of SSA had expressed concerns about the overpayment abuse caused by parents as representative payees for disabled minor children. It was important to address this problem because the amount of overpayments prior to 1998 had caused integrity issues for management of SSA and increased federal debt from SSI claimants. The purpose of this study was to examine how management of SSA and the SSI program had responded to the concerns of the oversight authorities. Theoretical foundations for …

Managing With Foresight And Insight, Christine G. Springer

Public Policy and Leadership Faculty Research

The article shares the author's views on managing with foresight. According to her, strategically managing with foresight has always required with informed understanding. She stresses that one of the most effective disciplines for learning from experience is After Action Review (AAR). She expresses that AARs are examples of tools for foresight because it seeks to learn more from what have happened and apply the learning to an organization's understanding of the future.

Reducing Causal Ambiguity In Acquisition Integration: Intermediate Goals As Mediators Of Integration Decisions And Acquisition Performance, Margaret Cording, Petra Christman, David R. King

Management Faculty Research and Publications

Integration is a difficult process, but one that is vital to acquisition performance. One reason acquirers encounter difficulties is that the integration process exhibits high levels of intrafirm linkage ambiguity – a lack of clarity of the causal link between integration decisions and their performance outcomes. We introduce the construct of intermediate goals as a mechanism that reduces intrafirm linkage ambiguity. Our structural model results, based on a sample of 129 horizontal acquisitions, indicate that the achievement of two intermediate goals (internal reorganization and market expansion) fully mediates the relationships between four integration decisions and acquisition performance.

Using Wheelchair Sports To Complement Disability Awareness Curriculum Among College Students, Neil R. Lundberg, Ramon Zabriskie, Kevin M. Smith, Keith W. Barney

Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a campus-wide intramural wheelchair sports program on attitudes toward people with disabilities. The sample consisted of 126 participants at a large, western university. A quasi-experimental pre-post design was used. Results indicated that there was a significant decrease in discomfort in interaction with people with disabilities after participation in the program. Additional findings indicated that recreation majors who were required to have some disability awareness training in their coursework had statistically lower pre- and post-test scores than other majors and demonstrated the greatest change in attitude toward people with disabilities. …

The Impact Of Corporate Governance On The Choice Of Transfer Pricing Methods In China, Xue Han

Lingnan Theses

Recent scandals involving related party transactions (RPTs) have attracted researchers’ and governments’ attention. Because imperfections exist in the legislation of RPTs, business groups might abuse transfer pricing of such transactions for certain purposes. These purposes include earnings management of listed companies that seek to attract investors and profit shifting from subsidiaries to parent companies. This study investigates the impact of corporate governance on the choice of transfer pricing methods in China.

I classify transfer pricing methods into two major groups (i.e., market-based and cost-based methods). I hypothesize that companies with weak corporate governance are more likely to use cost-based pricing …

Goal Interdependencies And Opportunism For Supply Chain Partnership In China, Lanjun Wu

Lingnan Theses

The possibility of opportunistic behavior is an important barrier to the collaboration between partners in the supply chain as partners pursue their self-interests with guile. Opportunistic behavior threatens the partners’ relationships, influences their work accomplishment and prevents future collaboration. This study hypothesizes that opportunism is not just the result of people’s self-interests pursuit but depends on how they think their self-interests are related. Opportunism in organizational partnerships could be understood in terms of how partners perceive their goals are related to each other. When partners believe that their goals are competitively or dependently rather than cooperatively related, they are more …

Perceived Organizational Forgiveness And Punitive Intent, Rommel Salvador

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Although management scholars have examined various antecedents of punishment in the workplace, there has been scant research on how perceptions of the organizational context influence decision-making regarding punishment. Building on the work of Cameron and colleagues (Cameron, Bright, & Caza, 2004; Cameron & Caza, 2002), I propose that one's perceived organizational forgiveness - the perception of the extent to which the workplace is forgiving - is negatively related with one's punitive intent in response to ethical misconduct. In addition, I identify variables involving the disciplinary agent and the ethical misconduct itself as moderators of this relationship. In a lab study …

Competitive Advantage In Alliance Governance: Resolving The Opportunism Minimization–Gain Maximization Paradox, Mark H. Hansen, Robert E. Hoskisson, Jay B. Barney

Faculty Publications

This paper offers a model of alliance governance that explicitly recognizes that managers of alliances simultaneously face the objectives of maximizing gains from trade while minimizing the threat of opportunism in the transaction—an apparent paradox. Our model shows that both the gains from trade and the threat of opportunism are influenced by firm characteristics (cooperative capabilities and trustworthiness) as well as transaction attributes (information asymmetry and asset specificity). The paradox may be resolved by strong form trustworthiness combined with relationship management capabilities because these characteristics allow the pursuit of gains from trade while simultaneously limiting the threat of opportunism.

Determinants Of Financial Health Of Us General Aviation Airports, Vitaly S. Guzhva, Massoud Bazargan, David A. Byers

Management, Marketing and Operations - Daytona Beach

This survey-based study investigates the current financial environment of US general aviation airports. Due to a dearth of data and research on the financial performance of general aviation airports, the paper provides vital information regarding the critical needs and major revenue sources of such airports.The findings suggest that general aviation airports can be self-sustaining regardless of their location, runway length and other airport-specific characteristics.The attitudes of the airport manager towards the importance of financial self-sustainability, positive relationships with local communities, and utilisation of non-traditional and non-aviation revenue sources are found to be critical for the financial health of general aviation …

On The Same Page: The Value Of Paid And Volunteer Leaders Sharing Mental Models In Churches, Patricia G. Martinez

Management Faculty Works

We examine the idea that mental models shared among paid and volun- teer leaders are associated with improved financial performance in non- profit organizations. Our empirical analysis of thirty-seven churches yields evidence that organizations are more effective if paid and volunteer leaders have a shared task mental model—that is, if they report similar conceptual- izations of organizational goals and decision-making processes. These find- ings suggest that the extent of leaders’ agreement on organizational goals and the processes of how decisions are made matter for organizational per- formance. We argue that it is as important to ensure that everyone is on …

Student Satisfaction With Online Learning Effectiveness At A Connecticut Community College, Alina R. Payne

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

In recent years, institutions of higher education have dramatically increased the number of online courses and degree programs offered to students, and yet it remains unclear what factors determine student satisfaction with online course and instructor effectiveness. Accordingly, the purpose of this exploratory correlation study was to examine how factors related to courses and instructors contributed to student perceptions of course quality (CQ) and instructor effectiveness (IE). Six stepwise regression procedures assessed the effects of specific course and instructor characteristics on perceptions of CQ and IE across one year of course evaluation data collected in a northeastern 2-year college. Results …

The Impact Of A Marketing Information System: A Case Study Of Smart-Baltimore, Tanvi Kothari, D. R. Fesenmaier, Z. Xiang

Faculty Publications, School of Management

The purpose of this study is to use existing theories of technology and organizational change to assess the impact of technology implementation within the context of the tourism industry. The framework is applied as a case study to analyze the perceived implications of implementing a destination marketing information system by the Baltimore Area Convention and Visitors Bureau. The results of the study indicate that the most important value of the system is the richness and timeliness of information. The key informants perceive that this system will not only impact the marketing activities at the organization but will not influence the …

Project Options Valuation With Net Present Value And Decision Tree Analysis, Bert De Reyck, Zeger Degraeve, Roger Vandenborre

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Real options analysis (ROA) has been developed to correctly value projects with inherent flexibility, including the possibility to abandon, defer, expand, contract or switch to a different project. ROA allows computing the correct discount rate using the replicating portfolio technique or risk-neutral probability method. We propose an alternative approach for valuing Real Options based on the certainty-equivalent version of the net present value formula, which eliminates the need to identify market-priced twin securities. In addition, our approach can be extended to the case of multinomial trees, a useful tool for modeling uncertainty in projects. We introduce within decision tree analysis …

Promoting Supportive Relationships In Youth Programs: A Self-Determination Theory Perspective, Mat D. Duerden, Ann Gillard

Faculty Publications

Although research suggests that positive contact with nonparental adults is developmentally beneficial for youth; many adolescents do not have access to such relationships. It is important that adults structure existing relationships to optimize positive youth development. Relationships with adults, who support youth’s needs for autonomy, relatedness, and competence, provide youth with scaffolding as they navigate their way through adolescence. Self-Determination Theory offers a straight-forward approach to understanding the elements of contexts that best promote the development of supportive relationships. The purpose of this paper is to review the literature concerning youth-adult relationships, including their associated prevalence and developmental benefits across …

2008-00-00 Pac-35, Morehead State University. Faculty Senate.

Faculty Senate Records

PAc35 revision approved by the Faculty Senate at some undocumented date in 2008.

Sophistication, Bridging The Gap, And The Likelihood Of Confusion: An Empirical And Theoretical Analysis, Glenn L. Christensen, Eric D. Derosia, Thomas R. Lee

Faculty Publications

Recent commentary has rightly lamented the uncertain state of the multifactor test for trademark infringement. “This heuristic device is the fulcrum of American trademark law,” yet the courts are in substantial disagreement as to which factors are relevant to an evaluation of the likelihood of confusion. The doctrinal divide is substantial: “Some circuits claim to weigh heavily under certain factors what other circuits claim to ignore, and nearly every factor or combination of factors has been called the ‘most important’ by one court or another.”

How Scientist/Founders Lead Successful Biopharmaceutical Organizations: A Study Of Three Companies, Lynn Johnson Langer

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

The purpose of this study was to determine how the leadership of scientist/founders of biopharmaceutical companies affects the success of their organization. Over half of all biotechnology firms are founded by scientists, yet for every start-up biotech firm that succeeds, 15-20 fail and eight out of 10 drugs fail in clinical trials (Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas, 2007; Stanford Graduate School of Business, n.d.; Zhang & Patel, 2005). To bring a biopharmaceutical product from the research bench to the consumer costs more than $800 million (Tufts, 2007). This dissertation research explored the leadership practices of three successful scientist/founders and how …

Mentoring Women Of Color For Leadership: Do Barriers Exist?, Sandra Yvonne Jeffcoat

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

The number of women in the workforce is increasing, but they continue to hold few corporate leadership positions. Women are running into the glass ceiling, a ceiling that is thicker for Women of Color. The under-representation of women and minorities in leadership positions and the recognition of the business value of Diversity in this global economy have driven organizations to launch diversity programs and use mentoring as support for aspiring women leaders. Ragins and Cotton's 1991 research found that there were barriers for women who were looking to use mentoring as a tool for leadership development, but her participants were …

Poetic Leadership, A Territory Of Aesthetic Consciousness And Change, R. Amrit Kasten-Daryanani

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

Poetic leadership is a new theoretical construct that views leadership as an activity that unites a lyrical intellect with keenly felt emotion for the purpose of producing changes in the consciousness of self and others. This change begins within the interiority of self, moving surely to broader realms of one's surroundings and society, provoking movement that impacts the developing potential of the individual and the cultural milieu in which they exist. Emotion is the primary trace into consciousness used in this dissertation, which serves to unite experiences of the heart with experiences of the mind. The unification of these disparate …

How Are Nasa Engineers Motivated? An Analysis Of Factors That Influence Nasa Goddard Engineers’ Level Of Motivation, Howard Eric Kea

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

NASA is an organization known for pushing the envelope of engineering and scientific achievement. It can be argued that engineers working for NASA are intrinsically highly motivated due to the nature of the work and the mission of NASA. This study explores how supervisor behaviors, both intrinsic and extrinsic and demographic factors influence motivation of NASA Goddard engineers in their current environment. Recent Congressional and Office of Management and Budget (OMB) policies, such as full cost accounting, levy strict oversight of project spending. As a result of these policies, NASA engineers must now focus their attention on getting assigned work …

Entrepreneur As Change Agent: Antecedents And Moderators Of Individual-Level Philanthropic Behavior, Joseph E. Coombs, Abbie J. Shipp, Lisa Jones Christensen

Faculty Publications

What motivates entrepreneurs’ philanthropic acts? Philanthropy has been key to American social and cultural development, and it is also a major driver, along with entrepreneurship, of the American economy. To help researchers better understand the antecedents of entrepreneurs’ philanthropic giving, we develop a theoretical model of individual-level philanthropic actions. As antecedents of philanthropic actions in our model, we include three theoretical constructs (immortality striving, legacy creation, and generativity) from the psychology and social psychology literatures. We also propose several variables that we expect to moderate these relationships including entrepreneur age, gender, religious orientation, and wealth. Lastly, we offer directions for …

Rethinking The Role Of Management Consultants As Disseminators Of Business Knowledge: Knowledge Flows, Directions, And Conditions In Consulting Projects, Andrew Sturdy, Karen Handley, Timothy Adrian Robert Clark, Robin Fincham

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Consultants are seen as core agents in the dissemination of business knowledgethrough their relative expertise and/or rhetorical and knowledge management practices.However, relatively few studies focus specifically on their role in projects with clientorganisations. This paper examines knowledge flow in consultancy projects fromlongitudinal observation and interview research as well as a survey of clients andconsultants working together. Our analysis suggests that the conventional view ofconsultants as disseminators of new management ideas to clients is, at best,exaggerated and certainly misrepresents their role in project work. Firstly, it tends tooccur by default rather than by design. More importantly however, learning is oftenconcerned with …

Employing Adaptive Structuring As A Cognitive Decision Aid In High Reliability Organizations, Karlene H. Roberts, Kuo Frank Yu, Vinit M. Desai, Peter Madsen

Faculty Publications

The article begins by discussing processes contributing to high and low reliability decision making. It then discusses three cases, covering similar processes used in the three situations and notes what managers can take from this. Finally, the article argues for research that does not concentrate on a single organization but examines interactions among geographically distributed units addressing the same problem.

To Be Or Not To Be: That Isn't The Questions! An Empirical Look At On-Line Vs. Traditional Brick And Mortar Courses At The University Level, Dennis Bristow, C. David Shepherd, Michael Humphreys, Michael Ziebell

Marketing: Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Maximizing Correlation In The Presence Of Missing Data, Xinfang Wang

Logistics & Supply Chain Management: Faculty Publications

In this paper we address the problem of maximizing the correlation between two vectors of time series data, when one of the vectors has missing data and the timing of the missing data is unknown. The motivation for this work comes from environmental monitoring where because of monitoring malfunction, some data are lost. We study the use of integer programming and a genetic algorithm (GA) for this problem.