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2023

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Full-Text Articles in Reading and Language

Probing And Enhancing The Reliance Of Transformer Models On Poetic Information, Almas Abdibayev Dec 2023

Probing And Enhancing The Reliance Of Transformer Models On Poetic Information, Almas Abdibayev

Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations

Transformer models have achieved remarkable success in the widest variety of domains, spanning not just a multitude of tasks within natural language processing, but also those in computer vision, speech, and reinforcement learning. The key to this success is largely attributed to the self-attention mechanism, particularly its ability to scale in performance as it grows in the number of parameters. Extensive effort has been underway to study the major linguistic properties learned by these models during the course of their pretraining. However, the role of certain finer linguistic phenomena present in language and their utilization by Transformers has not been …

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Paraphrasing Of Hedged Statements By Thai And Non-Thai Efl Medical Science Graduate Learners, Worawanna Petchkij Dec 2023

Paraphrasing Of Hedged Statements By Thai And Non-Thai Efl Medical Science Graduate Learners, Worawanna Petchkij

PASAA

Studies examining how EFL learners paraphrase hedges in scientific statements are still rare even though how learners use hedges in academic writing has been extensively investigated. This study compared paraphrasing strategies that Thai (TH) and non-Thai (NTH) EFL medical science graduate students used to paraphrase given hedges appearing in hedged scientific statements and the types of hedges occurring in their paraphrased versions after a lesson on paraphrasing and lessons on both paraphrasing and hedging. The results from pretests and posttests administered after the initial paraphrasing lesson and after two lessons combining paraphrasing and hedging, respectively, showed that both TH and …

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The Use Of Task-Based And Game-Based Learning In English Learning At Small Primary Schools In Nakhon Pathom, Thailand, Sasithida Saraiwang, Kanoknate Worawong Dec 2023

The Use Of Task-Based And Game-Based Learning In English Learning At Small Primary Schools In Nakhon Pathom, Thailand, Sasithida Saraiwang, Kanoknate Worawong

PASAA

This study aimed to determine the effects of a teaching model combining Task-Based Learning (TBL) and Game-Based Learning (GBL), called the Orientation Performance Presentation Analysis Application (OPPAA) model, developed by the researchers, on primary students’ English proficiency and to explore teachers’ and students’ opinions of the model. The research employed a one-group pre-test post-test design with seven English teachers and 69 Grade 6 students chosen by means of cluster random sampling and simple random sampling. The instruments used included the OPPAA model, an English proficiency test, an opinion questionnaire, and interview questions. Data were analyzed using means, standard deviation, paired …

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Developing Students’ Oral Interaction Competence Using Conversation Analytic Tools, Lemma Kassaye Sileshi Dec 2023

Developing Students’ Oral Interaction Competence Using Conversation Analytic Tools, Lemma Kassaye Sileshi

PASAA

The purpose of this study was to explore the development of students’ engagement in oral interactions using conversation analysis (CA, hereafter) tools. A qualitative design of a CA approach was used to understand the role of conversation analysis. Here, CA was used both as a data gathering tool and an analysis technique. Oral tasks were provided to 15 participants of the study prior to the intervention. The participants were taught conversational features using CAbased treatment to develop their knowledge and skills regarding oral interactions in English for four consecutive months. Their oral productions were recorded and analyzed using a CA …

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Effects Of Structure, Salience, And Working Memory On L2 Processing Of English Past Participles By L1 Thai Learners, Supakit Thiamtawan, Nattama Pongpairoj Dec 2023

Effects Of Structure, Salience, And Working Memory On L2 Processing Of English Past Participles By L1 Thai Learners, Supakit Thiamtawan, Nattama Pongpairoj

PASAA

This study examined the effects of working memory (WM), structure, and salience on the processing of English relative clauses (RCs) and participial reduced relative clauses (PRRCs) by L1 Thai learners. Salience in this research is the phonological alterations required for irregular verbs to inflect into the past participial form. The study included two types of irregulars with different salience levels. Seventy advanced L1 Thai learners took a reading span task and a self-paced reading task to assess their WM level and processing of past participial forms. The hypotheses proposed that WM, structure, and salience would influence online processing (reading times) …

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Measuring Efl Students’ Oral Proficiency Improvement Using Teachers’ Judgment: The Effects Of Two Types Of Classroom Instruction, Dony Marzuki Dec 2023

Measuring Efl Students’ Oral Proficiency Improvement Using Teachers’ Judgment: The Effects Of Two Types Of Classroom Instruction, Dony Marzuki

PASAA

This study investigated the effects of two types of classroom instructions on EFL learners’ oral proficiency by implementing teachers’ judgment. Two intact classes of EFL university students studied a compulsory subject of their department under two different types of classroom instruction. The first group of students was trained with explicit oral strategy training instruction, which taught them to learn and practice strategies to improve their speech fluency. The second group was instructed to practice the task twice as much as the first group using implicit task-based instruction. The audio recording of both groups’ oral task performance in the pre-test and …

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Investigating Proficiency Of Academic English In Student Writing: A Comparative Case Study On Vocabulary Utilization In Student Research Article Writing Vis-À-Vis National And International Research, Donlawat Meebangsai, Pawarit Pongtin, Panjaphon Kitipoontanakorn, Piyapong Laosrirattanachai Dec 2023

Investigating Proficiency Of Academic English In Student Writing: A Comparative Case Study On Vocabulary Utilization In Student Research Article Writing Vis-À-Vis National And International Research, Donlawat Meebangsai, Pawarit Pongtin, Panjaphon Kitipoontanakorn, Piyapong Laosrirattanachai

PASAA

The researchers investigated the usage of appropriate academic English vocabulary in research papers authored by English major students, publications in Thai national journals, and international journals. In total, 708 papers published between 2016 and 2018 were analyzed, consisting of 300 international research papers, 300 national research papers, and 108 research papers authored by English major students. The study focused on four aspects of lexical evaluation to analyze the vocabulary in these papers: lexical profiling, lexical level, lexical variation, and lexical density. The analysis yielded the following results: 1) Lexical profiling revealed that the usage of academic words in students’ research …

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The Effects Of Inductive And Deductive Instruction In A Flipped Classroom On English Grammar Ability Of Undergraduate Students In Thailand, Pornpimol Sukavatee Dec 2023

The Effects Of Inductive And Deductive Instruction In A Flipped Classroom On English Grammar Ability Of Undergraduate Students In Thailand, Pornpimol Sukavatee

PASAA

This quasi-experimental research used a two-group pretestposttest design to compare the grammar ability between one group of students taught with an inductive approach and another group taught with a deductive approach through a flipped classroom. The study participants were Thai university students majoring in English. After the implementation, the results of the comparison between the pretest and posttest mean scores indicated a significant difference in grammar ability between the students taught with the inductive and deductive approaches in a flipped classroom. Moreover, the findings from the survey questionnaire revealed that both groups of students had positive opinions toward flipped classrooms …

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Application For Grammar Skills: A Case Study Of Thai Efl Undergraduates, Munchuree Kaosayapandhu Dec 2023

Application For Grammar Skills: A Case Study Of Thai Efl Undergraduates, Munchuree Kaosayapandhu

PASAA

The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of the popular Duolingo App on learning English in Thailand. Parts of the Duolingo English course for Thai speakers were used in a classroom-based intervention with two sections of English for Professional Purposes courses at a Thai university (n = 128). The students were split into two groups of users (n = 70) and non-users (n = 58), and a pre-test/post-test assessment of verb tense knowledge was conducted. The results showed that the Duolingo users had a significantly higher mean improvement in verb tense knowledge. Multiple regression showed that frequency …

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Initial Insights Into Cefr Adoption At A Language Faculty Of A Public University In Malaysia, Alla Khan, Anne Rowena David, Aizat Hisham Ahmad, Azril Ali, Salasiah Che Lah Dec 2023

Initial Insights Into Cefr Adoption At A Language Faculty Of A Public University In Malaysia, Alla Khan, Anne Rowena David, Aizat Hisham Ahmad, Azril Ali, Salasiah Che Lah

PASAA

The Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) for languages, which was originally meant for the European context is now being widely accepted by many non-European countries. The education system in Malaysia, as outlined in the English Language Education Roadmap for Malaysia (2015-2025), has adopted the framework. Although this has taken place at primary, secondary, and tertiary levels, the present study zooms in on the tertiary level only. Specifically, it offers a critical analysis of implementing CEFR at a language faculty of one of the public universities in Malaysia. In doing so, it has drawn on Phillips and Ochs’s (2003) framework …

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Chatgpt In Language Education: How To Use It Ethically?, Mark Bedoya Ullaa, William Franco Peralesa, Stephenie Ong Busbus Dec 2023

Chatgpt In Language Education: How To Use It Ethically?, Mark Bedoya Ullaa, William Franco Peralesa, Stephenie Ong Busbus

PASAA

The widespread adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools, specifically ChatGPT, within pedagogy has engendered a dialogue regarding ethical implications. This article explores the ethical implications associated with using ChatGPT in the context of language teaching and learning. While we acknowledge the potential of ChatGPT in supporting and enhancing language teaching and learning, we also recognize its ethical issues. We argue that the responsible implementation of ChatGPT necessitates ethical considerations to ensure conscientious usage, as this is crucial in mitigating potential harms and ensuring that its development and utilization align with societal and professional values as language teachers. Critical ethical considerations …

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Gamification In Action: Trends And Opportunities In Language Teaching And Learning Practices, Kittichai Nilubol, Pragasit Sitthitikul Dec 2023

Gamification In Action: Trends And Opportunities In Language Teaching And Learning Practices, Kittichai Nilubol, Pragasit Sitthitikul

PASAA

Gamification is a controversial topic in the field of education, with both proponents and opponents. However, what exactly gamification is and why it has become popular are worth exploring. This academic article first defines the terms “game” and “gamification” in order to differentiate them. Next, the article provides core features of gamification in an educational context as explained by previous studies and pinpoints the disparity between the concept of gamification and game-based learning in practice. Additionally, the positive impact of gamification in language learning and gamification and gamebased research activities that bridge the concept of gamified information systems are discussed. …

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Idea Sharing: Becoming A Journal Editor As Professional Development, Wutthiphong Laoriandee Dec 2023

Idea Sharing: Becoming A Journal Editor As Professional Development, Wutthiphong Laoriandee

PASAA

No abstract provided.

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Book Review: Innovation In Learning-Oriented Language Assessment, Penpitcha Prakaiborisuth Dec 2023

Book Review: Innovation In Learning-Oriented Language Assessment, Penpitcha Prakaiborisuth

PASAA

No abstract provided.

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Book Review: The Routledge Handbook Of Content And Language Integrated Learning, Narasak Sirikanjanawong Dec 2023

Book Review: The Routledge Handbook Of Content And Language Integrated Learning, Narasak Sirikanjanawong

PASAA

No abstract provided.

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Instilling Growth Mindset To Promote Students' English Learning Behaviors And Oral Communication Learning Achievement, Ratchadaporn Janudom Dec 2023

Instilling Growth Mindset To Promote Students' English Learning Behaviors And Oral Communication Learning Achievement, Ratchadaporn Janudom

PASAA

This study aimed to (1) investigate students’ mindsets before and after the growth mindset is instilled on them, (2) examine effects of growth mindset-based instruction on students’ English learning behaviors, (3) explore effectiveness of growth mindset-based instruction on students’ oral communication learning achievement, and (4) investigate students’ attitudes towards their learning experiences through growth mindsetbased instruction. The study was conducted with a sample group of 42 English majored undergraduate students who were enrolled in the English Discovery Course in the first semester of the academic year 2022 at Prince of Songkla University, Surat Thani Campus. The experiment was carried out …

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Vocational High School Students’ Metacognitive Reading Strategy And Volition In Language Learning: A Correlational Study, Erina Andriani Dec 2023

Vocational High School Students’ Metacognitive Reading Strategy And Volition In Language Learning: A Correlational Study, Erina Andriani

PASAA

Volition helps students who are in the reading process to achieve their objectives. It converts their motivation into actual actions they need to undergo to reach the predetermined goals. Such actions may include the use of strategies, whether to manage their cognition, emotions, or distractions, that may elevate their reading comprehension and ultimately the desired achievements in conducting such activity. Metacognitive reading strategies can be beneficial to assist students in regulating those aspects. Therefore, students’ volition may predict the use of metacognitive reading strategies, as volition drives students to use strategies in general. However, previous studies rarely investigate the correlation …

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Scaffolding Strategies That Benefit And Support Adult English As A Foreign Language Reading Comprehension: A Literature Review, Walkiris Mejia Ortega Dec 2023

Scaffolding Strategies That Benefit And Support Adult English As A Foreign Language Reading Comprehension: A Literature Review, Walkiris Mejia Ortega

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The poor reading proficiency and the lack of reading comprehension strategies have been a major flaw for adult university learners in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) contexts, particularly in the case of English majors at the School of Foreign Languages in the Autonomous University of Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. Research has shown this reading gap can be improved through suitable instructional strategies and assistance referred to as scaffolding. The purpose of this literature review was to investigate how beneficial scaffolding is for EFL adults´ reading comprehension, which scaffolding strategies prove effective in supporting EFL reading comprehension, and how those …

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Smarginatura: The Art And Politics Of Elena Ferrante, Ryan A. Lillestrand Oct 2023

Smarginatura: The Art And Politics Of Elena Ferrante, Ryan A. Lillestrand

Claremont-UC Undergraduate Research Conference on the European Union

In the Neapolitan Quartet, a sprawling epic following the lives of two women in post-war Italy, the author, Elena Ferrante, explores the intimate relationship between politics and art, pushing at the borders we often construct between the two. At a particularly critical moment in the novels, the central character, Elena Greco, a poor girl from Naples who rises to the position of a successful novelist, is told by her more politically radical friends that she is not doing enough, that “this, objectively, is not the moment for writing novels.” But then, when is? The current political climate in Italy is …

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Interrogating Silences In The Postcolonial Classroom, Sheema Khawar Oct 2023

Interrogating Silences In The Postcolonial Classroom, Sheema Khawar

Feminist Pedagogy

In this paper I explore my experiences as visiting faculty teaching English language and Feminist Studies courses at a private university in Karachi, Pakistan. While balancing these different fields I aimed to integrate feminist pedagogies (Keating, 2007; Hooks,1994; Swarr and Nagar, 2010) and strategize with other politically aligned faculty to draw out important issues in our courses. I was faced with the challenging task of constructing syllabi attendant to the training of students in the ‘canons’ of the field and finding course content that allowed us collectively to engage with critical conversations on regional issues. Formal academic publication processes have …

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On Gary Snyder’S Tradaptation Of Cold Mountain Poems And Its Spiritual Salvation And Literary Enlightenment In Postwar America, Hu Anjiang Oct 2023

On Gary Snyder’S Tradaptation Of Cold Mountain Poems And Its Spiritual Salvation And Literary Enlightenment In Postwar America, Hu Anjiang

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

Cold Mountain Poems (CMPs), which have been neglected in the history of Chinese literature for ages, captured the attention of most Americans immediately after its being translated into America by the American poet Gary Snyder in 1950s, however. It is Snyder that reconfigured and recreated a sagacious Chinese Chan Buddhist poet Han-shan (literally, Cold Mountain), the acknowledged author of Cold Mountain Poems, in his translation for the postwar Americans in the midst of varied social problems and cultural identity crisis after World War II. Snyder eventually found in his translation of Cold Mountain Poems a back-to-nature remedy of …

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Topological Tropology Of V.S. Naipaul’S Islamic Travelogues And Daniel Pipes’ Islamic History: Ahistorical Historicism, Md. Habibullah Oct 2023

Topological Tropology Of V.S. Naipaul’S Islamic Travelogues And Daniel Pipes’ Islamic History: Ahistorical Historicism, Md. Habibullah

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

Nobel laureate V. S. Naipaul’s (1932-2018) first Islamic travelogue Among the Believers: An Islamic Journey (1981) contains his experience of a visit from August 1979 to February 1980 to the four non-Arab Muslim-majority countries – Iran, Pakistan, Malaysia, and Indonesia. Similarly, his last Islamic travelogue Beyond Belief: Islamic Excursions among the Converted Peoples (1998) has a description of another visit to the same countries for five-month in 1995. Concurrently, Daniel Pipes (1949-), an American historian, published his doctoral dissertation, Slave Soldiers and Islam: The Genesis of a Military System (1981), which represents Islamic culture as the first instigator of …

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Children’S Gothic In The Chinese Context: The Untranslatability And Cross-Cultural Readability Of A Literary Genre, Chengcheng You Oct 2023

Children’S Gothic In The Chinese Context: The Untranslatability And Cross-Cultural Readability Of A Literary Genre, Chengcheng You

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

As an emerging literary subgenre in the twenty-first century, Children’s Gothic challenges and blends the norms of both children’s literature and Gothic literature, featuring child characters’ self-empowerment in the face of fears and dark impulses. The foreignness and strangeness that pertain to the genre haunt the border of its translatability. Daniel Handler’s A Series of Unfortunate Events (1999­–2006), written under the pseudonym Lemony Snicket, poses a chain of translational challenges due to its linguistic creativity, paratextual art, and mixed style of horror and dark humor intended for a child readership. To investigate the interplay between Children’s Gothic and its (un)translatability …

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Translating Literary Ideology From Ancient Chinese Into Modern French: François Cheng’S Francophone Poetry In Double Chant (2000), Gabriel F. Y. Tsang Oct 2023

Translating Literary Ideology From Ancient Chinese Into Modern French: François Cheng’S Francophone Poetry In Double Chant (2000), Gabriel F. Y. Tsang

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

François Cheng (1929- ), elected to the Académie Française in 2002, structurally introduced the lexicological, syntactic, and semiotic form of Tang poetry to the French academia via his academic works. In the late 1980s, François Cheng shifted his focus from academic writing to creative writing, both in French, winning the 1998 Prix Femina for his novel Le Dit de Tianyi (1998) and Prix Roger Caillois for his collection of poems Double chant (2000). Focusing on his less-discussed poetry, which reveals higher congruity of his understanding of Chinese literary classics with creative representation, this paper argues that, as an analyst of …

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Storytelling As A Way Of Translation: The Rendition Of Taoism In Ursula K. Le Guin's The Lathe Of Heaven, Xiulu Wang Oct 2023

Storytelling As A Way Of Translation: The Rendition Of Taoism In Ursula K. Le Guin's The Lathe Of Heaven, Xiulu Wang

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

Ursula K. Le Guin (1929-2018) is an immensely popular author of numerous science fictions and fantasy classics. A number of critics have noticed the influence of Taoism on Le Guin’s writing.critical insights offered by Translation Studies and Walter Benjamin’s comments on storytelling and translation, this paper argues that storytelling and translation are similar discursive practices that aim at the exchange of experiences, creating knowledge, and shaping culture. Taking Le Guin’s The Lathe of Heaven (1971) as a case study, this paper delves into how her storytelling serves as a unique form of translation, bridging the thought of ancient Chinese Taoist …

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Ecopoetry As Method: Reading Gary Snyder As A Cultural Mediator Between China And The World, Winnie L M Yee Oct 2023

Ecopoetry As Method: Reading Gary Snyder As A Cultural Mediator Between China And The World, Winnie L M Yee

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

Ecocriticism is a field that is inherently cross-cultural, and poetry is an art form that creates bonds across cultural communities. This paper focuses on Gary Snyder, a prominent poet in his own right, who is famous for his translation of the works by Chinese poet Han Shan. His attraction to Chinese classical poetry and Eastern civilization offers an alternative to the Western developmental paradigm, and the ecopoetry he espouses is pertinent to today’s environmental debates. His references to nature do not function merely as reminders that nature should be respected but as an impetus to reflect on the coexistence of …

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Detecting Differential Rater Severity In A High-Stakes Efl Classroom Writing Assessment: A Many-Facets Rasch Measurement Approach, Apichat Khamboonruang Oct 2023

Detecting Differential Rater Severity In A High-Stakes Efl Classroom Writing Assessment: A Many-Facets Rasch Measurement Approach, Apichat Khamboonruang

PASAA

Differential rater severity (DRS), one prevalent case of differential rater functioning (aka rater bias or rater interaction) effects, manifests itself when a rater assigns unusually severe or lenient ratings, threatening the validity and fairness of ratermediated assessment. Building on a many-facets Rasch measurement (MFRM) approach, this study aimed to detect whether teachers exercised DRS towards rating criteria and student subgroups (classroom, proficiency, and gender) in a high-stakes EFL classroom writing examination. Data were collected from three teachers who applied a four-point fivecriteria analytic rubric to rate opinion essays written by 42 English-major undergraduates during the examination. Main findings revealed that …

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Development And Use Of Cefr Based Self-Assessment In A Thai Tertiary Context, Chatraporn Piamsai Oct 2023

Development And Use Of Cefr Based Self-Assessment In A Thai Tertiary Context, Chatraporn Piamsai

PASAA

Self-assessment is an alternative assessment that can assess one’s language ability, and it has been widely used, especially in classroom contexts. However, recent research has suggested different results regarding the correlation between student selfassessment and language performance. The accuracy of student assessment depends on various factors and contexts. Yet, research on self-assessment has revealed great benefits of this form of assessment for students and stakeholders. The present study’s objective was to explore how Thai university students rated themselves using the developed CEFR-based self-assessment grid. It also aimed to investigate the correlation between student self-assessment and their scores on a university …

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Washback Effect Of School-Based Assessment (Sba) On Malaysia Secondary School Students’ English Language Learning, Nur Farisya Amylia Mohd Salleh, Vahid Nimehchisalema, Ilyana Jalaluddin, Jayakaran Mukundan Oct 2023

Washback Effect Of School-Based Assessment (Sba) On Malaysia Secondary School Students’ English Language Learning, Nur Farisya Amylia Mohd Salleh, Vahid Nimehchisalema, Ilyana Jalaluddin, Jayakaran Mukundan

PASAA

This paper reports on the washback effects of Malaysia’s School-Based Assessment (SBA) on Form 4 students after almost a decade of its implementation in the country. It critically examines how SBA has affected Form 4 students’ overall perceptions about the learning of the English language at school. This study also investigates the challenges that the students are facing with SBA in their school. In this sequential explanatory study, the data were collected via three methods: questionnaires, interviews, and classroom observations. It was found that there was a presence of positive washback in the students’ perceptions of and attitudes towards SBA. …

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Doulingo English Test: An Alternative Online English Proficiency Test, Heng Lu Oct 2023

Doulingo English Test: An Alternative Online English Proficiency Test, Heng Lu

PASAA

The test view is on the Duolingo English Test (DET), an alternative online English proficiency test with a machine-driven characteristic. The review covers essential information of the DET such as test purpose, usage, score-mapping with CEFR scale, price, and publisher. Meanwhile, the test usefulness is discussed with focuses on reliability, content validity, and impact. Both good points and weaknesses are illustrated. Furthermore, the view tries to criticize the AI algorithm issues in test content and score rating.

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