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Articles 6451 - 6480 of 77194

Full-Text Articles in United States History

The Florida Land And Colonization Company, Richard J. Amundson May 2021

The Florida Land And Colonization Company, Richard J. Amundson

Florida Historical Quarterly

The Florida Land and Colonization Company, Limited, came into being as a result of Henry S. Sanford’s desire to make his Florida real estate holdings pay bigger dividends. In the years following the Civil War, Sanford, then minister to Belgium, had invested in the South - a cotton plantation in South Carolina, a sugar plantation in Louisiana, and a large block (approximately 23,000 acres) of undeveloped land on Lake Monroe in Florida, the so-called Sanford Grant. Sanford proposed to turn a portion of his land in Florida into a model orange grove and sell the remainder to others who he …


Title Page, Florida Historical Society May 2021

Title Page, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Title page for Volume 44, Number 3. Includes the Table of Contents


Contributors, Florida Historical Society May 2021

Contributors, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Contributors to this issue


The Delaney Murder Case, Helen Hornbeck Tanner May 2021

The Delaney Murder Case, Helen Hornbeck Tanner

Florida Historical Quarterly

The only violent crime to disrupt life in St. Augustine in the early years of the Second Spanish Period was a murderous attack the night of November 20, 1785, on Lieutenant Guillermo Delaney. Since the town’s annals provide almost no reference to such malevolence, this incident appears to be a distinct exception to the general behavior pattern. The crime remains unsolved; yet the evidence accumulated in an effort to identify Delaney’s assailants provides a rare view of Florida colonial society.


A French Report On St. Augustine In The 1770s, Lee Kennett May 2021

A French Report On St. Augustine In The 1770s, Lee Kennett

Florida Historical Quarterly

The original of this unsigned undated report is preserved in the French War Archives at Vincennes in the Memoires Historiques series, carton 1681, document 6. It is most probably the work of a French officer who arrived in Charleston late in 1777 and was subsequently captured by the British and held prisoner at St. Augustine. The importance which the author assigns to St. Augustine as a blockading base would indicate that neither Charleston nor Savannah had fallen to the British at the time the report was written. A report on Charleston in the same handwriting (document 7) can be dated …


Janas In British East Florida, Kenneth H. Beeson, Jr. May 2021

Janas In British East Florida, Kenneth H. Beeson, Jr.

Florida Historical Quarterly

The Seven Years' War in Europe offically ended in Paris on February 10, 1763, with England actively solving the Anglo-French contest for colonial and commercial supremacy in North America. France was in a state of bankruptcy. Spain, a long standing opponent of England, suffered defeat and consequent loss of colonial territory. Spain had entered the war at a rather late hour, and England quickly captured Havana and Manila. At Paris, Spain suffered the loss of Florida, fishing rights in Newfoundland waters, and lumber rights in Honduras. England became the undisputed mistress of the seas; George III became the leading monarch …


The East Florida Indians Under Spanish And English Control: 1763-1765, Robert L. Gold May 2021

The East Florida Indians Under Spanish And English Control: 1763-1765, Robert L. Gold

Florida Historical Quarterly

Florida was smoothly transferred from Spanish to British control following ratification of the 1763 Treaty of Paris. Spain regretfully traded her St. Augustine province in North America to Great Britain for Cuba, which had surrendered to an English onslaught during the Seven Years’ War. Despite the illegal property transactions of England and Spain, the two nations generally observed most of the international provisions of the Paris pact during the transfer of eighteenth-century Florida. The exchange of colonial rule in the province was therefore marred by surprisingly few moments of discord. The entire transfer process, of course, was accommodated by the …


Funerals And Fiestas In Early Eighteenth Century St. Augustine, John J. Tepaske May 2021

Funerals And Fiestas In Early Eighteenth Century St. Augustine, John J. Tepaske

Florida Historical Quarterly

The drab social life of early eighteenth-century St. Augustine contrasted sharply with the glitter and pomp of life in the viceregal centers of New Spain and Peru. Amusements, which gave pleasure to the people of Mexico City and Lima, were unknown in this fringe outpost of the Spanish Empire in America. The soldiers of the Castillo de San Marcos and their wives and children had little opportunity to enjoy plays, operas, tournaments of poetasters, bull fights, cock fights, horse racing, parades, mock jousts, or the joyous recibimiento. Even the dubious pleasures to be obtained from the inquisitorial auto de fe …


Drake Destroys St. Augustine: 1586, James W. Covington May 2021

Drake Destroys St. Augustine: 1586, James W. Covington

Florida Historical Quarterly

Sir Francis Drake, scourge of the Spanish Main, came to Florida and destroyed St. Augustine in 1586. Judging from other battles that took place during Drake’s swing through Spain’s Caribbean empire, the Florida episode was a relatively minor affair. St. Augustine at the time was a small out-of-the-way village of about 300 persons with its only defense the small outpost, San Juan de los Pinillos. In contrast to the splendid buildings, numerous soldiers, and excellent defenses of Santo Domingo and Cartagena, St. Augustine was not very important. But in defensive tactics and in its use of manpower, the Florida town …


The Architecture Of Historic St. Augustine: A Photographic Essay, F. Blair Reeves May 2021

The Architecture Of Historic St. Augustine: A Photographic Essay, F. Blair Reeves

Florida Historical Quarterly

Historic St. Augustine, its limits precisely defined by Matanzas Bay, San Sebastian River, and Macaris Creek, occupies a site unsurpassed in East Florida. The generous plaza, narrow streets, and public spaces establish a comfortable pedestrian scale, an attribute produced by age and isolation. Dominating the city’s historic character is its architecture, a curious indigenous blend of foreign and domestic styles, eclectic designs both careless and academic, and restorations by fact and by fancy.


The Man Who Was Pedro Menendez, Albert Manucy May 2021

The Man Who Was Pedro Menendez, Albert Manucy

Florida Historical Quarterly

Four sixteenth century sources are the basis for most of the knowledge that we have about Pedro Menendez de Aviles. They include archival manuscripts, biographies by two of his contemporaries, and a priest’s journal of the voyage to Florida. Titian painted him by order of Philip II, and the portrait engraving so often reproduced is based on the painting. He is not a handsome man; his head is small, held quite erect; dark hair, half curly despite a rather close cut, frames a high, round forehead. The beard is also trimmed short. His nose is overlong and the mouth too …


Jean Ribault's Colonies In Florida, M. Adele Francis Gorman May 2021

Jean Ribault's Colonies In Florida, M. Adele Francis Gorman

Florida Historical Quarterly

A story often told but still begging for a fuller explanation is the tale of the French settlers in sixteenth century Florida. It is possible to determine to an extent why they came, where they settled and how they fared, what happened to them, and the strong points and weak points in their organization. What is more illusive is the measure of sincerity in their undertaking. A few questions which baffle the historian arise, and there are only partial answers to some of the questions. Was the motive for colonization religious ? Did the English, especially Queen Elizabeth I, collaborate …


Note About The Birthplace Of Hernando De Soto, El Conde De Canilleros May 2021

Note About The Birthplace Of Hernando De Soto, El Conde De Canilleros

Florida Historical Quarterly

Don Miguel Munoz de San Pedro, Conde de Canilleros y de San Miguel, member of the Spanish Royal Academy of History in Madrid, is the foremost authority writing on the lives of men from Extremadura province who linked the old world to the new. He comes to this interest by virtue of descent from an ancient house which has been present in the “American Enterprise” since the time of Columbus. The palace in which the Conde lives was built by his ancestor Diego de Ovando, brother of Spain’s first royal governor in America, Frey Nicolas de Ovando, who was sent …


Altar And Hearth: The Coming Of Christianity, Michael V. Gannon May 2021

Altar And Hearth: The Coming Of Christianity, Michael V. Gannon

Florida Historical Quarterly

The Catholic Church in this Country does not begin her history after colonies were formed, and men had looked to their temporal well-being. Her priests were among the explorers of the coast, were the pioneers of the vast interior; with Catholic settlers came the minister of God, and Mass was said to hallow the land and draw down the blessing of heaven before the first step was taken to rear a human habitation. The altar was older than the hearth.


The Exploration Of Florida And Sources On The Founding Of St. Augustine, Luis Rafael Arana May 2021

The Exploration Of Florida And Sources On The Founding Of St. Augustine, Luis Rafael Arana

Florida Historical Quarterly

Four hundred years ago, Europeans made the first permanent settlement within the present limits of the United States. These were Spaniards who under Pedro Menendez de Aviles established St. Augustine in 1565, upon land discovered fifty-two years earlier. In the interval between discovery and colonization, the coast of Florida had been gradually charted and portions of the interior explored. Though all attempts at planting the civilization of Spain in the new land failed until Menendez appeared on the scene, the discoveries of Juan Ponce de Leon, Alonso Alvarez de Pineda, Panfilo de Narvaez, and Hernando de Soto gradually outlined the …


Title Page, Florida Historical Society May 2021

Title Page, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Title page for Volume 44, Number 1-2. Includes the Table of Contents


Contents Of Volume Xliv, Florida Historical Society May 2021

Contents Of Volume Xliv, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Contains a list of articles and authors for Vol. 44


Contributors, Florida Historical Society May 2021

Contributors, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Contributors to this issue


Historical News, Florida Historical Society May 2021

Historical News, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Notice of the annual meeting, news from Florida's historical societies


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society May 2021

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Reviews of Davis, Intellectual Life in Jefferson's Virginia, 1790-1830, by Robert Middlekauff; Hamilton, Prologue to Conflict: The Crisis and Compromise of 1850, by Harold M. Hyman; Simonhoff, Jewish Participants in the Civil War, by Sidney Lefkowitz; Bonner (ed.), The Journal of a Milledgeville Girl, 1861-1876, by Kenneth Coleman; Logan, The Negro in North Carolina, 1876-1894, by Jerrell H. Shofner; Blair, A Southern Prophecy: The Prosperity of the South Dependent Upon the Elevation of the Negro, by Dewey W. Grantham, Jr.; Chalmers, The Social and Political Ideas of the Muckrakers, by David W. Noble


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society May 2021

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Reviews of Swain, Federal Conservation Policy: 1921-1933, by J. E. Dovell; Lerche, The Uncertain South: Its Changing Patterns of Politics in Foreign Policy, by William C. Havard; Seers (ed.), Cuba, the Economic and Social Revolution, by Frederick E. Kidder; Ludlum, Early American Hurricanes, 1492-1870, by Marjory Stoneman Douglas; Bumgartner, Jose’ del Valle of Central America, by Robert A. Naylor; Bannon (ed.), Bolton and the Spanish Borderlands, by Burr Brundage


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society May 2021

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Reviews of Gannon, Rebel Bishop: The Life and Era of Augustin Verot, by Baynard Kendrick; Will, Cracker History of Oheechobee: “Custard Apple, Moonvine, Catfish and Moonshine,” by Baynard Kendrick; Rachlis and Marqusee, The Land Lords, by Benjamin F. Rogers; Jernigan, Florida: Past, Present, Future, by Martin La Godna; Barbour, The Three Worlds of Captain John Smith, by Aubrey C. Land; Hall, Leder, and Kammen (eds.), The Glorious Revolution in America: Documents on the Colonial Crisis of 1689, by Jack P. Greene; Peckham, The Colonial Wars, 1689-1762, by George C. Rogers, Jr.


The Editor's Corner--A Plan To Homestead Freedmen In Florida In 1866, F. Bruce Rosen May 2021

The Editor's Corner--A Plan To Homestead Freedmen In Florida In 1866, F. Bruce Rosen

Florida Historical Quarterly

At the conclusion of the Civil War, a number of plans were presented for the colonization of freedmen. Of particular interest to Floridians is one suggested to Maior General Oliver Otis Howard, commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen and Abandoned Lands, by the assistant commissioner of the Bureau for Florida, Brevet Colonel Thomas W. Osborn.


Observations On The Origin And Date Of A Seventeenth-Century Florida Map, Ron L. Seckinger May 2021

Observations On The Origin And Date Of A Seventeenth-Century Florida Map, Ron L. Seckinger

Florida Historical Quarterly

In Woodbury Lowery's The Spanish Settlements within the Present Limits of the United States. Florida, 1562-1574 (1905 edition), there is a map with an inscription which reads, “Map of the coast of Florida, in which region is the Laguna Maymi and where the fort is to be made.” A cloverleaf drawn on the map indicates the site of a projected fort at the Bocas de Miguel Mora, an unidentified location on the southeastern coast of the peninsula. The map, as well as contemporary Spanish documents, indicates that the place called the Bocas was along the southeast coast of Florida, probably …


A South Carolina Lawyer Visits St. Augustine - 1837, John Hammond Moore May 2021

A South Carolina Lawyer Visits St. Augustine - 1837, John Hammond Moore

Florida Historical Quarterly

Just why Henry Summer, a young South Carolina lawyer, journeyed to Florida in the winter of 1837 is not clear. This account, entitled simply “Journal &c. for 1837,” indicates his purpose was to search court records in St. Augustine-perhaps for Judge John Belton O’Neall, a noted jurist with whom he was associated. Born in 1809 of distinguished German stock, Henry was one of six sons. One brother, William (1815-78), became a horticulturist of some note and gave the name Pomaria to the Newberry County community where he lived. Another, Adam (1818-66), was a well-known Columbia printer. As this narrative makes …


Curbing Of Voter Intimidation In Florida, 1871, Ralph L. Peek May 2021

Curbing Of Voter Intimidation In Florida, 1871, Ralph L. Peek

Florida Historical Quarterly

The national Republican administration by early 1870, was aware that large-scale intimidation of Negro voters throughout the South was effectively curbing Negro voting and hurting the party. Consequently, legislation was proposed to protect Negro rights by enforcing the fifteenth amendment to the United States constitution. On February 21, 1870, Representative John Bingham of Ohio introduced a bill that was supposed to protect voting rights wherever they were being denied. Administration spokesmen testified that intimidation and violence were keeping Negroes from the polls in several states, and that federal “force” legislation was needed to protect civil rights in states where politicians …


Social Legislation In Reconstruction Florida, Derrell Roberts May 2021

Social Legislation In Reconstruction Florida, Derrell Roberts

Florida Historical Quarterly

State legislatures for the most part, generally prefer to leave social and welfare problems to others, either private individuals or other government agencies. Even though their taxing powers, as well as their legislative possibilities, are not nearly so limited as their national counterparts, the ideal solution, they insist, is “private initiative.” On the contemporary scene, when many citizens believe that some social legislation is necessary, state legislative bodies seem to prefer leaving such important matters to the national Congress, even on a matching basis. In this regard, Florida’s reconstruction legislature was modern, it pursued a policy that is still in …


Pensacola Labor Problems And Political Radicalism, Wayne Flynt May 2021

Pensacola Labor Problems And Political Radicalism, Wayne Flynt

Florida Historical Quarterly

Historians have generally ignored labor organization in the South. Even the few pioneer studies dealing with southern labor have been confined to the more spectacular strikes in a handful of states. Florida’s unions, radicalism, and labor politics have been damned to the historical limbo surrounding so much of her twentieth-century history. The records reveal that Florida’s labor organizations, beginning with the Knights of Labor in the 1880’s, experienced the same cycles of growth, power, decline, and frustration as in the more highly industrialized northeast. Before examining a specific phase in the long and often sanguinary struggle to organize Florida’s workingmen, …


Title Page, Florida Historical Society May 2021

Title Page, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Title page for Volume 43, Number 4. Includes the Table of Contents


Contributors, Florida Historical Society May 2021

Contributors, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Contributors to this issue