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The Florida Railroad After The Civil War, Dudley S. Johnson

Florida Historical Quarterly

David Levy Yulee was the most enthusiastic of the early railroad promoters in Florida. On January 8, 1853, he incorporated the Florida Railroad to construct a line from the Atlantic Ocean to a point on the Gulf of Mexico south of the mouth of the Suwannee River. The charter was amended by the legislature in 1855, and the company was authorized to build from Amelia Island on the east coast to Tampa Bay on the Gulf of Mexico with a branch line to Cedar Key. In addition the company was authorized to own and operate steam vessels on Florida’s rivers. …

Apalachicola: The Beginning, Harry P. Owens

Florida Historical Quarterly

Edmund M. Blunt, editor of The American Pilot, stated in 1822, that there were only three points of destination on the gulf coast of the United States: New Orleans, Mobile, and Pensacola. Another port, however, Apalachicola, was slowly beginning to grow, and within twenty years it would supersede Pensacola as a cotton port.

Lieutenant Levin M. Powell, U.S.N., Pioneer Of Riverine Warfare, George E. Buker

Florida Historical Quarterly

Geographically Vietnam is half a world away from Florida. Historically over a century and a quarter separates the present conflict in Southeast Asia from the Second Seminole War. In both of these engagements the United States Navy has conducted similar operations of maintaining combat coastal patrols against guerrilla operations. Today the amphibious river assault forces of the navy wend their passage among the tortuous waterways of the Mekong delta in riverine warfare. l The lineage of such naval operations go back to the Second Seminole War of 1835-1842 in Florida. The conflict erupted in December 1835, when the Indians took …

United States, France, And West Florida, 1803-1807, Clifford L. Egan

Florida Historical Quarterly

On April 30, 1803, in one of the great real estate transactions of history, France sold the United States the Louisiana Territory, an immense land with inexact boundaries. Seldom in history has one nation purchased so much for so little. With the signatures of Robert R. Livingston, James Monroe, and Francois de Marbois, America’s land area was almost doubled. At the same moment all differences between France and the United States seemingly were obliterated. Although President Jefferson had previously spoken of a British alliance since he feared Napoleon as a neighbor, he and his fellow Americans now looked to the …

Title Page, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Title page for Volume 47, Number 3. Includes the Table of Contents

Contributors, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Contributors to this issue

The Annual Meeting, May 3-4, 1968, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Minutes of the Directors meeting

Historical Notes, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Obituaries

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Reviews of Sanborn, Robert E. Lee, Volume I, A Portrait: 1807-1861; Robert E. Lee, Volume II, The Complete Man, 1861-1870, by William Warren Rogers; Morrison, W. J. Cash, Southern Prophet, by Joe M. Richardson; Tindall, The Emergence of the New South, 1913-1945, by Herbert J. Doherty, Jr.; Bullock, A History of Negro Education in the South: From 1619 to the Present, by Leedell W. Neyland; Jordan, White Over Black: American Attitudes Toward the Negro, 1550-1812, by Michael G. Kammen; Kellogg, NAACP: A History of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, Vol. I: 1909-1920, by David Chalmers; Newby, …

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Reviews of Wright, William Augustus Bowles: Director General of the Creek Nation, by Frank L. Owsley, Jr.; Tebeau, Man in the Everglades: 2,000 Years of Human History in the Everglades National Park, by Wyatt Blassingame; Johnson, Rear Admiral John Rodgers, 1812-1882, by Edwin C. Bearss; Ferris and Morris (ed.), Founders and Frontiersmen: Historic Places Commemorating Early Nationhood and the Westward Movement, 1783-1828, by Earle W. Newton; Hemphill (ed.), The Papers of John C. Calhoun, by Thomas P. Govan; Wells, The Slave Ship Wanderer, by George E. Buker

Florida State Grange, Saunders B. Garwood

Florida Historical Quarterly

Shortly after the Civil War, the United States Department of Agriculture sent one of its agents, Oliver Hudson Kelley, to the South to see what could be done to revive agriculture. Finding a land devastated by war and a people burdened with distrust, debt, and depression, he decided that the “politicians would never restore peace in the country; if it came at all, it must be through fraternity.” He was convinced that the plight of the planter and farmer could not be changed until “the people North and South . . . know each other as members of the same …

Sergeant Major Ayala Y Escobar And The Threatened St. Augustine Mutiny, William R. Gillaspie

Florida Historical Quarterly

On the morning of June 19, 1712, the Spanish presidio of St. Augustine narrowly escaped a mutiny against the crown’s constituted authority in Florida, Governor Francisco de Corcoles y Martinez. The threatened uprising, which involved the governor’s second-in-command, Sergeant Major Juan de Ayala y Escobar, vividly illustrated the principal weakness in the colonial administration of Spanish Florida - the formation of a power structure headed by the sergeant major which continuously threatened to undermine the power and authority of the governor. The development of this extra-legal body, climaxed by the “sordid affair” of June 19, took on added significance when …

Florida In The Balance: The Electoral Count Of 1876, Jerrell H. Shofner

Florida Historical Quarterly

For a few weeks following the 1876 election, Florida’s role in national affairs was greater than the state’s four electoral votes would normally warrant. With the presidency depending on one electoral vote and the Florida election in doubt, both the Democratic and Republican parties concentrated attention on the electoral count in Tallahassee. The activities of influential “visiting statesmen” representing the national parties affected the decision of the state canvassing board and caused temporary excitement in Florida. After their departure and the ultimate resolution of the election dispute, political affairs in the state returned to normal with little permanent influence from …

The Open-Closed Shop Battle In Tampa's Cigar Industry, 1919-1921, Durward Long

Florida Historical Quarterly

Labor problems in Tampa’s cigar industry began almost simultaneously with the beginning of the enterprise in 1885. Although the industry enjoyed phenomenal growth during its first fifteen years it suffered an expensive strike in 1901 when La Resistencia, the labor society of the Spanish-speaking workmen, demanded a union shop. La Resistencia lost the strike because of a lack of strike funds and because the Tampa Cigar Manufacturers’ Association and a group of businessmen calling themselves the Citizens Committee combined to fight the society. Following La Resistencia’s defeat local unions of the Cigar Makers’ International Union became the dominant labor group …

Title Page, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Title page for Volume 47, Number 2. Includes the Table of Contents

Contributors, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Contributors to this issue

Historical News, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Memorial prizes, activities and events

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Reviews of Smith, The Death of Slavery: The United States, 1837-1865, by David L. Smiley; Massey, Bonnet Brigades, by Elsie M. Lewis; Current, Three Carpetbag Governors, by Mary Elizabeth Massey; Tawes, Coasting Captain: Journals of Captain Leonard S. Tawes Relating His Career in Atlantic Coastwise Sailing Craft from 1868-1922, by K. Jack Bauer; Boswell, The America: The Story of the World’s Most Famous Yacht, by Edward A. Mueller; Hill, Southern Churches in Crisis, by Byron S. Hollinshead; Thompson (ed.), Perspectives on the South: Agenda for Research, by Hugh T. Lefler; Greene, A Lifetime with the Birds: An Ornithological Logbook, by …

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Reviews of Douglas, Florida: The Long Frontier, by Gloria Jahoda; Mahon, History of the Second Seminole War, 1835-1842, by Francis Paul Prucha; Pratt, That Was Palm Beach, by David A. Forshay; Sanger, World of the Great White Heron: A Saga of the Florida Keys, by Thelma Peters; Sherman, Robert Johnson: Proprietary & Royal Governor of South Carolina, by Michael G. Kammen; Eckert, The Frontiersmen: A Narrative, by Frank Lawrence Owsley, Jr.

Postscript To John Bemrose's Reminiscences, John K. Mahon

Florida Historical Quarterly

Since John Bemrose's Reminiscences of the Second Seminole War was published, additional information about the author has been found. Inconsequential though the new data is, perhaps some of the fun of uncovering it can be communicated to the reader. From the date of publication it has troubled me that I did not know what became of Bemrose after he had returned to his native England. The opportunity to fill in the unknown factors came during the summer of 1967, when I was in Britain.

Fort Pierce American Gold Find, Carl J. Clausen

Florida Historical Quarterly

"The probability is that the treasure will never be recovered," states the Charleston Daily Courier, reporting in 1857 the accidental loss of a sizeable United States army payroll in a Florida east coast inlet. The Third Seminole War, which officially started with the not entirely unprovoked attack by the Indians on a government survey party near Fort Myers in late December 1855, was in its seventeenth month when Major Jeremiah Yellot Dashiell of the army paymaster corps arrived off the Indian River Inlet on the east coast of Florida on May 1, 1857. Entrusted to Dashiell was a leather pouch …

Contract Labor In Florida During Reconstruction, Edward K. Eckert

Florida Historical Quarterly

Until relatively recent times the historiography of the Reconstruction period in Florida could be summed up by Claude G. Bowers’ three-word paragraph, “Florida was putrid.” Legislatures full of swindlers, “railroad steals,” “shabby strangers,” and “old black mammies,” praising God and voting Republican, were all a part of the traditional image of this so-called dark era of United States history. Revisionist historians such as Howard K. Beale, David Donald, Kenneth Stampp, and Rembert W. Patrick have challenged this view. They describe the years after the Civil War as a progressive age for the South when civil, educational, and economic reforms brought …

Fighting Men View The Western War, 1862-1864, George C. Bittle

Florida Historical Quarterly

The Florida units fighting the Confederate cause in the West made no major contribution to the overall war effort, yet many Florida officers and men did yeomen service in the South’s Army of Tennessee. The experiences of these soldiers certainly reflect those of many other Confederate fighting men in the same army. In this sense, the trials and tribulations of these Floridians may be used to illustrate the changing conditions among at least one segment of the southern troops on a very important front of the Civil War.

A View Of Celi's Journal Of Surveys And Chart Of 1757, John D. Ware

Florida Historical Quarterly

The San Francisco de Asis was a xebec, one of a class of relatively small three-masted sailing vessels used around the Spanish and Portuguese coasts. Her fore and mizzenmasts were lateen rigged, and her mainmast was square rigged, having three sails - main, lower main, and upper mainsails. This type was frequently outfitted with oars for use in calm water, but there is no indication that this vessel was so equipped.

Celi's Expedition To Tampa Bay: A Historical Analysis, Charles W. Arnade

Florida Historical Quarterly

"De la Havana al Puerto de Tampa, Año de 1757, Diario de Reconocimientos, Oceano Atlantico Septentrional" by Don Francisco Maria Celi is unquestionably a key document in Florida history and the history of Tampa Bay. The chronology of its recent discovery is not too complicated. Celi, “Pilot of the Royal Spanish Navy” and commander of the Florida expedition, carefully prepared a useful and artistically beautiful map that went with his report. This map (actually there were two versions) was known to modern historians, but the accompanying report was not. The late Clarence Simpson had knowledge of the Celi map, as …

Title Page, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Title page for Volume 47, Number 1. Includes the Table of Contents

Contents Of Volume Xlvii, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Contains a list of articles and authors for Vol. 46

Baseball At The Precipice Of A Watershed Moment In The Production Of The Popular, Nathan E. Vaughn

Madison Historical Review

Baseball's 1919 season has been seen in two different ways. First, it has been seen as a triumphant season in which Babe Ruth ended the Dead-Ball Era and brought baseball into a productive Live-Ball Era. Second, it has been seen as disastrous season ending in the Black Sox Scandal, the worst sin in baseball history. Traditionally, the social historical perspective has made sense of these differing views by noting the power of the capitalist owners over their player-employees. In banning the eight Black Sox for life, the owners forcefully removed the offending party and brought their sport into line without …

Little Steel’S Labor War In Youngstown, Ben J. St. Angelo

Madison Historical Review

During the 1930s, in response to growing labor discontent, the United States Congress passed the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA). Championed by President Franklin Roosevelt’s as an equalizing measure in the American workplace, the NLRA received vigorous opposition from powerful leaders in multiple industries. This article examines an outbreak of violence between workers and agents of management at Republic Steel in Youngstown, Ohio during the spring and summer of 1937 when workers attempted to organize—emboldened by new rights granted to them in the NLRA. It demonstrates the life and death consequences that marred labor relations in the United States. Disputes …

A Distinction Without A Difference: Vietnam, Sir Robert Thompson, And The Policing Failures Of Vietnam, Mark J. Rothermel

Madison Historical Review

The scholarship analyzing the failure of the American involvement in Vietnam began even before the war finished. Whether the Orthodox School which considered the war unwinnable or the revisionist which argued there was a path to victory for the Americans, there have been libraries of tomes arguing who or what was to blame for the American defeat. An increased amount of scholarship recently has been written regarding the influence of British officer Sir Robert Thompson and his attempt to advise both the South Vietnamese and American war efforts.

Thompson, who gained fame as one of the key leaders for the …