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Articles 811 - 840 of 869
Full-Text Articles in Art and Design
Introducing The Third Space Of Design For Well-Being: Exploring The Intersection Between Problem- And Possibility-Driven Design Through A Design Case On Online Dating Experience, Erika Hajdu, Hazal Ertürkan, Pieter Desmet
Introducing The Third Space Of Design For Well-Being: Exploring The Intersection Between Problem- And Possibility-Driven Design Through A Design Case On Online Dating Experience, Erika Hajdu, Hazal Ertürkan, Pieter Desmet
IASDR Conference Series
This paper explores the traditional distinction between problem- and possibility-driven design for promoting user well-being. Problem-driven design identifies and addresses unfulfilled needs to reduce ill-being (i.e., the first space of design for well-being), while possibility-driven design seeks to enhance well-being without addressing existing problems (i.e., the second space of design for well-being). The latter is informed by positive psychology, which studies the conditions for human flourishing. Although possibility-driven design has added a valuable new focus to the design repertoire, it confronts designers with some key challenges that are currently unresolved. Examples of these challenges include finding focus, determining evaluation metrics, …
Design And The Reframing Of Participatory Approaches In Cultural Heritage And Museums Beyond Pandemic Crisis, Eleonora Lupo
Design And The Reframing Of Participatory Approaches In Cultural Heritage And Museums Beyond Pandemic Crisis, Eleonora Lupo
IASDR Conference Series
The paper aims at reframing the concept of participatory approaches in Cultural Heritage to rethink and re-design, in an long–term perspective and taking in account the lesson learnt in the post-covid recovery and the post-digital scenario, the role, competences and modes of collaborations of museums and their community of stakeholders. It discusses the participatory paradigm in CH proposing a ‘participatory continuum of phygital proximity’ based on the concept of museums ‘ecosystem’, to re-consider the conventional participatory rhetoric and drive digital transformations and organisational changes with a long-term perspective.
Design Fiction And The Art Of Anticipation, Eva Knutz, Thomas Markussen
Design Fiction And The Art Of Anticipation, Eva Knutz, Thomas Markussen
IASDR Conference Series
In this paper we show how design fiction is a form of design inquiry that offers methods for understanding and reacting towards intractable societal challenges. More specifically we unravel how narrative and literary practices of world-making used in design fiction can be of value for researching life changing, but unknown futures. We argue that this contribution has been largely overlooked because design fiction is too often wrongly caught up in discussions of the limitations of speculative design. Additionally, we substantiate our claim by making a study of Design Futures courses addressing the challenge of unknown energy futures in an era …
Inheriting The Intangible Cultural Heritage And Embracing Innovation:Digital Rubbing Leads A New Experience Of Audience Interaction In Museums, Zheqiong Mo, Danni Li, Tie Ji
Inheriting The Intangible Cultural Heritage And Embracing Innovation:Digital Rubbing Leads A New Experience Of Audience Interaction In Museums, Zheqiong Mo, Danni Li, Tie Ji
IASDR Conference Series
In the post-epidemic era, transforming museum life depends on adapting to the increasing digitization of museums and changing the traditional passive viewing mode of audiences. To achieve the goal of exploring new paradigms to guide the interactive new experience of museum audiences while inheriting and innovating intangible cultural heritage, this paper first selected Rubbing, a traditional Chinese craft that can replace the function of photography. Then, through literature analysis, it summarized the functions, cultural history, technical procedures, objects suitable for rubbing, and artistic forms of the rubbing technique. Meanwhile, it answers why to choose Rubbing and apply it to museums …
Changing Organizations And Policies: Equipping Design For Systemic Transformation, Marzia Mortati, Sabrina Bresciani, Eui Young Kim, Sabine Junginger
Changing Organizations And Policies: Equipping Design For Systemic Transformation, Marzia Mortati, Sabrina Bresciani, Eui Young Kim, Sabine Junginger
IASDR Conference Series
The track [Changing] Organizations and Policies of the 2023 IASDR conference encompasses 30 original papers that revolve around four main contributions of design in this domain: (1) design for public sector innovation; (2) transformative design for organizational change and customer experience; (3) design for social and environmental impact; and (4) theoretical explorations, positions, and methodological approaches. These key clusters and related papers are described in detail; discussion points are provided on how the resulting research agendas might be addressed to move the field forward.
Digital Transition, Sustainable Product-Service System (S.Pss), And Environmental Sustainability - A Systematic Review, Hang Su, Carlo Arnaldo Vezzoli, Nan Xia
Digital Transition, Sustainable Product-Service System (S.Pss), And Environmental Sustainability - A Systematic Review, Hang Su, Carlo Arnaldo Vezzoli, Nan Xia
IASDR Conference Series
Recently, the ongoing digital transition has brought forth both new risks and opportunities for environmental sustainability. However, despite some attention given to potential relationships between related areas and a growing research interest therein, a limited number of studies have holistically explored the nexus between digital transition, PSS, and environmental benefits. This research is a systematic literature review focused on the relationship between S.PSS and environmental sustainability during the digital transition process. We propose a novel analytical perspective by synthesizing and mapping the existing literature to derive a potential pathway for digital technologies to optimize four S.PSS relevant factors through four …
Exploring The Effect Of Softness And Weight Of Materials On Positive Emotion Regulation: A Case Study Of Lego, Jinhee Cha, Chajoong Kim, Sungzin Chae
Exploring The Effect Of Softness And Weight Of Materials On Positive Emotion Regulation: A Case Study Of Lego, Jinhee Cha, Chajoong Kim, Sungzin Chae
IASDR Conference Series
Emotional well-being manages people’s emotions and copes with challenges throughout life. Positive emotion and emotion regulation have beneficial effects on overall emotional well-being (Colombo et al., 2021; Quoidbach et al., 2010; Yoon & Kim, 2022). In the sensory perception of humans, touch interaction is regarded as a vital contributor to regulating our emotions. Considering that appropriate touch experience can lead to more positive emotion regulation, the study attempts to figure out how the touch experience relates to positive emotion regulation. Among several factors of tactile perception, our focus was on texture and weight, which are presumably closely related to positive …
The Role Of Human-Centred Design In Promoting Understanding Of Local Contexts: A Study Of Japanese Students Addressing Social Issues In Bangladesh, Kenichiro Miyama, Shiro Inoue, Seiko Shirasaka
The Role Of Human-Centred Design In Promoting Understanding Of Local Contexts: A Study Of Japanese Students Addressing Social Issues In Bangladesh, Kenichiro Miyama, Shiro Inoue, Seiko Shirasaka
IASDR Conference Series
When implementing design projects aimed at solving social issues across borders, it is essential to deeply understand the local people and culture. In particular, when enterprises in developed countries deploy services to address social issues in developing countries, the lack of understanding of the local context and biases can become a barrier to sustainable business development. In such a context, a human-centred design approach plays an important role in the process of designing as it facilitates an in-depth understanding of local people and culture. In the context of education, when students in a developed country develop sustainable services and businesses …
Planet-Oriented Design: A Proposal For New Ethical Transitions In Design Education, Martin Tironi, Marcos Chilet
Planet-Oriented Design: A Proposal For New Ethical Transitions In Design Education, Martin Tironi, Marcos Chilet
IASDR Conference Series
We live through a socio-environmental, socio-political and socio-technical crisis that forces us to ask ourselves urgent questions about our planet. The article explores the need to transition from human-centred design to forms of design with a terrestrial vision. Based on the experience of the School of Design of the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, it explores the potential of Planet-Oriented design as an articulator of new practices and a new ethic of teaching and doing design. The recent social phenomena - such as the Chilean social uprising of 2019 - added to the planetary crises in which we live opened …
Shifting Spaces In Fashion: Approaching Digitised Design Spaces From A Bodily Perspective, Jan Tepe
Shifting Spaces In Fashion: Approaching Digitised Design Spaces From A Bodily Perspective, Jan Tepe
IASDR Conference Series
Digitising design processes incrementally reduce the degree to which designers bodily engage with materials to design garments. While extended reality technology such as augmented and virtual reality could address the lack of bodily involvement in digital design processes, they have yet to resonate with fashion designers in academia and the industry to be fully included. The presented research aimed to explore extended reality technology as an enabler of ‘interspaces’ that mediates bodily experiences and interactions of engaging with digital material based on spatial and technological affordances. The emergent design spaces allowed for varying degrees of bodily engaging digital materials. Reflections …
Usage Of Service Design Pattern Language As A Method For Beginners To Effectively Acquire Their Behaviors Towards Design, Kaoru Yamamoto, Momoko Nakatani
Usage Of Service Design Pattern Language As A Method For Beginners To Effectively Acquire Their Behaviors Towards Design, Kaoru Yamamoto, Momoko Nakatani
IASDR Conference Series
In the complex society of VUCA, individuals without design expertise will be required to address problems that lack a clear solution, so called “Wicked Problems”. This study examines the potential of “Service Design Pattern Language” as a method to assist non-design experts in tackling such challenges by themselves, by acquiring behavior of design. Service Design Pattern Language captures the implicit knowledge of service designers who work on problems without clear solutions and transforms it into patterns. In current design education, mentoring and facilitation by experts are often necessary to develop the behaviors for design. However, if Service Design Pattern Language …
Product Design Proposal For A Relaxation Space With ‘Mindfulness’ Meditation, Joonseok Ryu, Eui-Chul Jung
Product Design Proposal For A Relaxation Space With ‘Mindfulness’ Meditation, Joonseok Ryu, Eui-Chul Jung
IASDR Conference Series
Due to the fast-paced and complex nature of modern society, it is difficult for individuals to free themselves from excessive thinking on a regular basis, making it hard for their brains to fully relax. As a result of this societal problem, Body Scan Meditation, which focusing on bodily sensations for reducing thoughts, has gained attention and related products continue to emerge to make meditation accessible to beginners. However, current meditation products are mainly focused on the function of closing one's eyes and concentrating on sensations. They do not provide emotional interaction and understanding through object recognition, thus limiting users' immersive …
Design-Led Sustainable Transition In Organization: A Framework To Guide And Evaluate Employee Change, Mattia Italia
Design-Led Sustainable Transition In Organization: A Framework To Guide And Evaluate Employee Change, Mattia Italia
IASDR Conference Series
Design for Sustainability Transition (DfST) is gaining popularity in both academia and practice, seeking to guide socio-technical systems toward more sustainable futures through design but remaining a high-level approach that is difficult to evaluate. The authors also disagree on the designer’s role during the transitions, leaving it open to exploration. Organisations considered a socio-technical system play a crucial role in solving the climate crisis we are experiencing and need to be guided through change. Working on employees and their practices makes it possible to initiate a snowball effect capable of triggering the necessary cultural change. The Design-Led Innovation approach can …
Design Considerations For Supporting Social Interaction In Algorithmic Social Media Feed, Daehyun Kwak, Heejae Bae, Youn-Kyung Lim
Design Considerations For Supporting Social Interaction In Algorithmic Social Media Feed, Daehyun Kwak, Heejae Bae, Youn-Kyung Lim
IASDR Conference Series
Nowadays, social media platforms employ recommender systems to proactively suggest the posts that a user is likely to prefer, even if it comes from strangers (e.g., the “Suggested Posts” feature on Instagram). Previous studies revealed that these algorithmic recommendations influence users’ social interaction practices in social media. However, there is little attempt to investigate how social media feeds should be designed to ensure the social interactions users truly want. Given this background, we conducted four design workshops aiming to explore design considerations for social media feeds that can support users’ social interactions under the impact of algorithmic recommendations. Based on …
Can’T Spell ‘Medicine’ Without ‘Me’: Finding The Spirit Of Co-Design In Multidisciplinary Collaboration, Christopher Thornton, Myra Thiessen, Renly Lim, Jan Stanek Stanek, Lisa Kalisch
Can’T Spell ‘Medicine’ Without ‘Me’: Finding The Spirit Of Co-Design In Multidisciplinary Collaboration, Christopher Thornton, Myra Thiessen, Renly Lim, Jan Stanek Stanek, Lisa Kalisch
IASDR Conference Series
In this article we reflect on our experience as a multidisciplinary project team with backgrounds in communication design, clinical pharmacy, and software systems development. Teams such as ours face challenges when implementing different methodological processes and can struggle with communication when vocabularies may be understood in vastly different ways. We reflect on our experience, for better and for worse, within the context of an ongoing and active project, and aim to contribute to recent dialogues around participatory and human-centred design for improved healthcare outcomes. For us, this is an active, critical case study, and we speak more about our experience …
Assessing A Mobile And Modular Negative Pressure Ward(Mobile Clinic Module) For Covid-19 Outpatient Treatment, Kwangmin Cho, Choongsik Bae, Tek-Jin Nam
Assessing A Mobile And Modular Negative Pressure Ward(Mobile Clinic Module) For Covid-19 Outpatient Treatment, Kwangmin Cho, Choongsik Bae, Tek-Jin Nam
IASDR Conference Series
The recent surge in demand for medical facilities due to infectious disease pandemics has emphasized the importance of mobile negative pressure units in hospitals. However, limited information is available on the decision-making process, installation, operation, and dismantling of these units, as well as their impact on patients, medical staff, and management staff. The study aims to investigate the issues arising from the implementation of negative pressure mobile clinic module in real hospital environments and to evaluate their applicability and effectiveness. Using expert interviews with stakeholders from a hospital utilizing a mobile negative pressure unit, named Mobile Clinic Module (MCM) units, …
Rediscovering Mental Health Intervention Methodologies Through Design., João Bernarda
Rediscovering Mental Health Intervention Methodologies Through Design., João Bernarda
IASDR Conference Series
Collaborations between Design and Mental disabilities organizations have the capacity to develop new intervention methodologies responding to the limitations of the intellectual development disorder in different contexts. The progressive integration capacity of design in organizations, seeks to analyse the degrees of its influence on intervention and implementation of a collaborative creation process. Creative methodologies in the social innovation sector, specifically in direct action with users, encourage and enable the development of new techniques resulting in potential innovative activities and products with a view to increase efficiency in the execution of tasks or obtain information on the impact on the user’s …
Plant Playmate: Exploring Effects Of Interactive Plants For Mental Wellness Microbreaks During Knowledge-Based Work, Bingjie Gao, Siran Niu, Xiaoyu Zhang, Xiaoqing Sun, Xipei Ren
Plant Playmate: Exploring Effects Of Interactive Plants For Mental Wellness Microbreaks During Knowledge-Based Work, Bingjie Gao, Siran Niu, Xiaoyu Zhang, Xiaoqing Sun, Xipei Ren
IASDR Conference Series
Work stress is a crucial issue related to personal health and work performance. It has been proved that using plants in office is helpful for stress relief. In this paper, we present the design and evaluation of Plant Playmate - a smart plant that can augment human-plant interactions with interactive lights, anthropomorphic expressions and virtual credits for stress relief. A within-subject experiment was conducted with 18 participants in work environments, to compare practical effects of Plant Playmate with an ordinary plant. Participants’ stress levels were assessed through electrodermal data and self-assessment Manikin (SAM). We also collected their experience through user …
Post-Pandemic Era: Evaluation Of Quality Of Life And Usability Testing For Elderly Rehabilitation App Design, Bo Liu, Yang-Cheng Lin, Wei-Ni Hsu, Cai-Ying Cheng, Yen-Chiech Kuo
Post-Pandemic Era: Evaluation Of Quality Of Life And Usability Testing For Elderly Rehabilitation App Design, Bo Liu, Yang-Cheng Lin, Wei-Ni Hsu, Cai-Ying Cheng, Yen-Chiech Kuo
IASDR Conference Series
Countries worldwide are experiencing shifts in their population structures. Aging has a significant impact on healthcare and elderly care provision. COVID-19 indirectly promoted the development of telemedicine and smart healthcare industries. Numerous intelligent software has been designed to enable elderly individuals to live independently. However, elderly individuals face physical challenges when using advanced technological products. Therefore, paying attention to their needs and user experiences during the design and development stages is essential. In this study, we designed and developed a game-based rehabilitation app (Formosa Explore). We integrated the concept of gamified rehabilitation into the lives of community-dwelling elderly individuals and …
Relational Design Practices In Design For Social Innovation: A Place-Centred Approach, Annalinda De Rosa, Marco Andrea Finardi, Valentina Auricchio
Relational Design Practices In Design For Social Innovation: A Place-Centred Approach, Annalinda De Rosa, Marco Andrea Finardi, Valentina Auricchio
IASDR Conference Series
This paper reflects on how relational art can contribute to participatory approaches in design for social innovation research and practices applied in community engagement processes towards the regeneration of commons in rural contexts. Inland areas, small towns far from large urban centres, today face urgent challenges to counter the process of abandonment and devaluation. The loss of primary services such as schools and the exodus to the cities increase their fragility. In the wake of the pandemic, many reflections on the role of public space have emerged: the recovery of a renewed human scale dimension and the need to manage …
Expanding The Boundaries Of Service Design To Assist Re-Design The Short-Term Strategy For Sustainable Development, Tong Liu, Cai Jun
Expanding The Boundaries Of Service Design To Assist Re-Design The Short-Term Strategy For Sustainable Development, Tong Liu, Cai Jun
IASDR Conference Series
Service design (SD) has been used into variety of projects such as policy making and marketing innovation. In this work, we present SD as a sustainable strategy to assist decision making within organization requiring that designers and staffs are co-working. Incorporating a perspective focused on how the user’s need is understood by increasing satisfaction to improve the quality of service process, will help team to better understand how SD can be a holistic tool to re-design the brand image. Methodologies derived from design method are discussed through a case study demonstrates the progressive actions of transforming design insights to practical …
An Interdisciplinary Design Framework For Creative Collaboration, Siyu Zha, Di Zhao, Meng Li, Wei Gong, Qingyu Hu, Zhongsheng Li
An Interdisciplinary Design Framework For Creative Collaboration, Siyu Zha, Di Zhao, Meng Li, Wei Gong, Qingyu Hu, Zhongsheng Li
IASDR Conference Series
Design education is interdisciplinary in its nature, yet how to facilitate productive and authentic design processes that encourage creative collaboration within a heterogenous group needs further investigation as well as empirical evidence. This study first reviews existing frameworks and the educational factors that affect its creativity and productivity; then constructs a framework for organizing interdiscplinary workshop aimed at leveraging collective creativity through the theme of multi-modal book design for children. Qualitative empirical data was collected and analyzed in accordance to the framework. Finally, we present principals and elements for consideration when conducting an interdisciplinary approaches to design experience that foster …
Circular Futures: How Can Design Nurture More Sustainable Production And Delivery Systems For Social Micro Enterprises?, Valentina Demarchi, Daniela De Sainz Molestina
Circular Futures: How Can Design Nurture More Sustainable Production And Delivery Systems For Social Micro Enterprises?, Valentina Demarchi, Daniela De Sainz Molestina
IASDR Conference Series
In the face of environmental degradation, increasing economic volatility, and societal inequalities, transitioning to a more sustainable future—environmentally and socially—is a pressing demand. European Union policy aims to be at the forefront of this transition, placing the circular economy and social innovation at the center of policymaking. While the need for social micro-SMEs to uptake environmental measures arises, institutions still struggle in providing direction and tools for a systemic transition that considers both environmental and social innovation. This paper presents an ongoing framework to investigate how designers can inspire product, process, and business model changes in micro-enterprises to sensitively intervene …
Next Generation Textile Designers. A Research Project To Connect The Textile-Knitwear Manufacturing System With Future Design Talents And Its Impact On Education., Martina Motta, Mariana Ciancia, Giovanni Maria Conti, Katia Goldoni, Francesca Piredda, Beatrice Zagatto
Next Generation Textile Designers. A Research Project To Connect The Textile-Knitwear Manufacturing System With Future Design Talents And Its Impact On Education., Martina Motta, Mariana Ciancia, Giovanni Maria Conti, Katia Goldoni, Francesca Piredda, Beatrice Zagatto
IASDR Conference Series
The textile-knitting industry has always been in connection and dialogue with a constellation of manufacturing realities that contribute season after season to the success of the fashion system but are little considered when young talents with design backgrounds enter the marketplace. The research project reported in this article combines the expertise in the textile-knitwear area of the research group knitdesign.polimi of Politecnico di Milano with the one in the communication field of Imagis Lab, aiming at investigating the mismatch between education and manufacturing companies and laying valid foundations for the creation of an effective ecosystem that can make them converge …
From Bio-Inspired Design To Microbiology-Inspired Design: A Conceptual Model-Based Case Study On Biological Materials Informed By Emotions, Nurul 'Ayn Ahmad Sayuti, Zidong Lin, Bjorn Sommer
From Bio-Inspired Design To Microbiology-Inspired Design: A Conceptual Model-Based Case Study On Biological Materials Informed By Emotions, Nurul 'Ayn Ahmad Sayuti, Zidong Lin, Bjorn Sommer
IASDR Conference Series
Bio-inspired design techniques utilise or adapt natural components into designs or technologies to solve diverse challenges. This project focuses on the conceptualisation of the application of micro-level biological materials in furniture designs. Previous studies that investigated why designers incorporate biological materials into their designs informed the assessment of potential consumers’ perspective and opinion on designs incorporating biological materials following an emotional design approach. A survey involving over 200 participants revealed that biological materials closely related to biotechnology elicited significantly less positive emotional responses compared to more familiar household material, such as decorative plants. Therefore, this work explores new perspectives for …
Design Education 4.0: Technology-Driven Design Futures & The Future Of Design Education, Eujin Pei, Sung Jun Kim, Seongbeom Kim, Daehun Lee, Seunghoon Lee, James Self
Design Education 4.0: Technology-Driven Design Futures & The Future Of Design Education, Eujin Pei, Sung Jun Kim, Seongbeom Kim, Daehun Lee, Seunghoon Lee, James Self
IASDR Conference Series
Design education has always strived to equip future designers the knowledge, skills, and expertise to work at the intersection of applied technology and the people who use it. The difference for contemporary design is the accelerating pace of technological change. Where previous generations expected to use the same core technology throughout their lifetime, users now and into the future will experience significant change within a generation. We report a project aimed at understanding how design education must change to leverage the opportunity of technology-driven design futures. In an international, collaborative project on the future of design education, we report a …
Codesign Facilitation For Workforce Satisfaction, Kimberly Tsen, Mauricio Mejía, Danielle Foushee, Michelle Fehler
Codesign Facilitation For Workforce Satisfaction, Kimberly Tsen, Mauricio Mejía, Danielle Foushee, Michelle Fehler
IASDR Conference Series
In the current work environment, businesses are expecting more than the workforce can provide. This gap in expectation is leading to higher rates of resignation due to increased burnout. To further understand this issue, strategic design methods were utilized as part of the research process. By studying the historical reasons behind these shifts, and interviewing employees that experienced burnout, paradoxically, strategic design methods were also determined to be the solution. A company will go through a design journey facilitated by a strategic design studio so that the unique differences in each company culture are considered. A workshop that is a …
Are Service Designers Positioned To Design For Sustainability?, Kendon Jung, Mauricio Mejía
Are Service Designers Positioned To Design For Sustainability?, Kendon Jung, Mauricio Mejía
IASDR Conference Series
We have designed systems that influence the daily choices of 8 billion people and have brought our world to the brink of collapse as a result. In this context, designers, in general, have been concerned with sustainability for a long time. While the field has acknowledged that not only product design but also services and systems are spaces to address sustainability, much of the literature has centered on creating methods and tools. This work could be limited in preparing designers for action because prescriptive guides are rarely easy to implement in designing activities. Leveraging design to intentionally shift a linear …
Investigating Strategies For Delivering Change Through The Practice Of Co-Design With Communities In The Northern Ireland Context., Katrina Newell
Investigating Strategies For Delivering Change Through The Practice Of Co-Design With Communities In The Northern Ireland Context., Katrina Newell
IASDR Conference Series
The PhD research proposes that awareness of and exposure to co-design processes will support communities in Northern Ireland to frame and develop long term strategic goals. In doing so the research focuses on three areas: how the local context might affect a co-design process, the components necessary to create a space that nurtures co-creation for social transformation, and the relational facets within a community-based co-design process between the actors engaged. This research has emerged from the researcher’s experience of working in community development in Northern Ireland and a desire to better understand how we might collaboratively design with communities to …
Embedding And Embodying Narratives In The Collaborative Development Of Life-Changing Healthcare Technologies, Cara Shaw, Farnaz Nickpour
Embedding And Embodying Narratives In The Collaborative Development Of Life-Changing Healthcare Technologies, Cara Shaw, Farnaz Nickpour
IASDR Conference Series
In order to empower communities of practice to move towards social and design justice, it is critical to advance the archetypal role of design from passively upholding dominant narratives, to proactively uncovering, interrogating and embedding a diversity and plurality of narratives throughout a design process. This research uses the case study of designing a novel upper-limb exoskeleton to facilitate a collaborative and multidisciplinary exploration of the emerging roles of narrative at various phases and levels of an inclusive mobility design project. The ‘Design as an Agent of Narratives’ conceptual framework is adopted, which assigns three strategic narrative roles to design …