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Articles 1231 - 1260 of 1527
Full-Text Articles in Art and Design
Play Probe: An Approach That Reveals Emergent Identity Building In Youth, Line Gad Christiansen, Sune Klok Gudiksen
Play Probe: An Approach That Reveals Emergent Identity Building In Youth, Line Gad Christiansen, Sune Klok Gudiksen
DRS Biennial Conference Series
This paper explores the gradual use and development of play probes as an approach to gain insights about young people and identity development. Recent studies, which are part of a larger research project, have suggested that play probes can be useful for professionals attempting to gain insights about young people. The approach can also provide participants with an enjoyable experience. The aim of this study was to identify the most important principles to consider when designing a play probe and which types of play triggers are most effective at producing insights about young people. An analysis of play probes revealed …
A Participatory Approach In Urban Development: Co-Designing Resilient Coastal Neighbourhoods, Alazne Echaniz, Sine Celik, Pieter Ham
A Participatory Approach In Urban Development: Co-Designing Resilient Coastal Neighbourhoods, Alazne Echaniz, Sine Celik, Pieter Ham
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Urban development projects are complex processes that involve numerous stakeholders. Lately, urban design has gained a human-centred dynamic to be able to correspond to the needs and aspirations of the stakeholders that form the community. This paper proposes a participatory approach to bring the community to the centre of the design process. Through a case study conducted in the coastal areas of the Philippines, we take a closer look at how co-design can help tackle fragile living situations that emerge from challenging environmental and social conditions. First, future scenarios are co-created with residents in the form of visual summaries, boards …
Incubating Civic Leadership In Design: The Role Of Cross-Pollination Spaces, Katerina Alexiou, Theodore Zamenopoulos, Vera Hale, Sophia De Sousa
Incubating Civic Leadership In Design: The Role Of Cross-Pollination Spaces, Katerina Alexiou, Theodore Zamenopoulos, Vera Hale, Sophia De Sousa
DRS Biennial Conference Series
The paper explores the hypothesis that access to places that enhance capabilities for co-design work across sectors, is an important vehicle for incubating and sup-porting civic leadership. More specifically, the paper reports insights from a study which created ‘cross-pollination’ spaces to bring together academic and non-academic individuals from different backgrounds, disciplines, and sectors to explore the notion of incubating civic leadership and to develop pop-up interventions to test ideas for incubating civic leadership in two locations in the UK. Drawing on the reflections of participants collected through group reflection spaces and through individual interviews, the study identifies a number of …
Studio Through Studio: A Diffractive Reading Of The Educational Design Studio, James Corazzo
Studio Through Studio: A Diffractive Reading Of The Educational Design Studio, James Corazzo
DRS Biennial Conference Series
This article aims to unsettle familiar notions of the educational design studio by examining how it is different from the professional studio. Both settings share similar routines, practices, and physical features; however, I argue their operations differ in critical ways. By bringing attention to these differences, I hope to open up new perspectives on how learning happens in educational studios and make a case for further material and spatial accounts of learning. I will draw on empirical accounts of professional studios from the book Studio Studies. Wilkie and Farias identify the studio as a sociologically significant yet overlooked setting for …
Toward A Method Of Psychological Ownership Mapping, Michelle Cedeño, Weston Baxter, Talya Porat, Joann Peck
Toward A Method Of Psychological Ownership Mapping, Michelle Cedeño, Weston Baxter, Talya Porat, Joann Peck
DRS Biennial Conference Series
The mental state in which an individual claims an object as theirs is called psychological ownership. Psychological ownership is associated with motives, routes, affordances, and outcomes directly linked to attachment. This research introduces a qualitative method for psychological ownership mapping. Ownership mapping seeks to explain the changes in a user’s psychological ownership of a target over time. Previous studies suggested conceptual pathways of ownership. This method extends current research on ownership as it offers a viable application. The method has been tested with over 100 students and is an easy, flexible, and adaptable to many different contexts. We believe that …
Weaving With Design Research To Study Children’S Everyday Practices In Cancer Care Environments, Piet Tutenel, Stefan Ramaekers, Ann Heylighen
Weaving With Design Research To Study Children’S Everyday Practices In Cancer Care Environments, Piet Tutenel, Stefan Ramaekers, Ann Heylighen
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Children affected by cancer often require repeated hospitalisations. The impact of the material hospital environment on children's well-being receives growing attention across various disciplines. Yet, because of their ‘double vulnerability’ – being children and being ill – young people affected by cancer are less considered as direct research participants. We set out to put the experiences of these children at the centre of attention. To do justice to the complexity of their interactions with the material hospital environment, we brought together concepts and insights from childhood studies; scholarship in anthropology and philosophy; theories on materiality; and design research; and combined …
Identifying Problem Frames In Design Conversation, Senthil Chandrasegaran, Peter Lloyd, Almila Akdag Salah
Identifying Problem Frames In Design Conversation, Senthil Chandrasegaran, Peter Lloyd, Almila Akdag Salah
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Design thinking concepts such as framing, storytelling, and co-evolution, have been widely identified as part of design activity though generally have been evidenced from manual coding of design conversations and close reading of transcripts. The increase in easy-to-use computational linguistic methodologies provides an opportunity not only to validate these concepts, but compare them to other kinds of activity in large datasets. However, the process of systematically identifying such concepts in design conversation is not straightforward. In this paper we explore methods of linguistic analysis for revealing problem frames within design process transcripts. We find that frames can be identified through …
Articulating Theories Of Change Towards More Just And Transformative Design Practices, Hillary Carey, Madeline Sides, Erica Dorn
Articulating Theories Of Change Towards More Just And Transformative Design Practices, Hillary Carey, Madeline Sides, Erica Dorn
DRS Biennial Conference Series
In any collaborative change-making process, team members hold individual, and often differing, ideas about how change happens. These ideas may address whether to work top-down or bottom-up, what leverage points are to be targeted, or who should be involved in the work, in what capacity, and when. If these differences in perspectives are not examined and discussed, they can lead to conflicting actions, lessen positive impact, and may even do harm. Mapping “Theories of Change” is an approach that has been used to clarify strategies for initiating change across many sectors. Yet, when it comes to complex design engagements, we …
An Analysis Of Master's In Industrial Design Theses At Us Land-Grant Universities: A Systematic Literature Review, Byungsoo Kim, Hernan Gregorio
An Analysis Of Master's In Industrial Design Theses At Us Land-Grant Universities: A Systematic Literature Review, Byungsoo Kim, Hernan Gregorio
DRS Biennial Conference Series
This study systematically reviewed recent (2016-2021) Industrial Design (ID) master theses and final projects at U.S. land grant universities to understand the trend of ID graduate program outcomes from the selected universities. The process consisted of 1) framing questions for a review, 2) identifying relevant works, 3) assessing the quality of studies, 4) summarizing the evidence, and 5) interpreting the findings. This paper presents the findings of the study, including thesis/final project research types, the diversity of committees, fields of design influences that the thesis/final project contribute to, types of outcomes, and the utilized research methodologies. Furthermore, the author discusses …
Long-Lasting Smart Products: Overview Of Longevity Concepts In Sustainable Ict And Design For Sustainability, Ayşegül Özçelik, Markus Löchtefeld, Christian Tollestrup
Long-Lasting Smart Products: Overview Of Longevity Concepts In Sustainable Ict And Design For Sustainability, Ayşegül Özçelik, Markus Löchtefeld, Christian Tollestrup
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Designing longer lasting smart products need a longevity understanding that is informed by both Sustainable ICT and design for sustainability. By conducting a literature review in both areas, we are able to identify longevity related concepts. We briefly outline these ideas in the two fields before discussing their relationships to reveal how they can contribute to one another. By nourishing the viewpoint from both sides, we broaden our understanding of longevity. We conclude our research by highlighting the gaps that (1) there is a need for applicable coping strategies for smart products, (2) a fair division of responsibilities between the …
A Theoretical Model For Studying Design Inquiry In A Real-World Context, Dave Hawey
A Theoretical Model For Studying Design Inquiry In A Real-World Context, Dave Hawey
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Schön's contribution is significant in defining and understanding design inquiry, though he wrote little about its socio-cultural aspects, as Dewey initially intended. While ethnographic research has provided insight into the socio-cultural aspects of designers' inquiry, it poses several methodological challenges for observing designers in action in real-world contexts. In reference to pragmatist theories of design and professional action, this article proposes a theoretical model for qualitatively observing and analyzing designers' inquiry in real- world contexts. The model aims to capture design inquiry in a richer and more holistic way, by including its socio-cultural aspects. The model serves as a collection …
Usability Testing With Children: History Of Best Practices, Comparison Of Methods & Gaps In Literature, Andria Banker, Carlye Lauff
Usability Testing With Children: History Of Best Practices, Comparison Of Methods & Gaps In Literature, Andria Banker, Carlye Lauff
DRS Biennial Conference Series
This paper is a systematized literature review centered on the best practices of usability testing with children, when they are the target end user in product development. The paper begins with a brief history of usability testing with children during the prototyping stage of product development. Following, the methodology guiding this literature review is described. Then, guidelines for usability testing with children provided by past research are outlined in chronological order, documented to show the evolution of changes or improvements in the practices over time. Additionally, most of the approaches to usability (as part of evaluative research) have been identified …
Ceci N’Est Pas Une Chaise: Emerging Practices In Designer-Ai Collaboration, Vera Van Der Burg, Almila Akdag Salah, Senthil Chandrasegaran, Peter Lloyd
Ceci N’Est Pas Une Chaise: Emerging Practices In Designer-Ai Collaboration, Vera Van Der Burg, Almila Akdag Salah, Senthil Chandrasegaran, Peter Lloyd
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Emerging practices of using ‘off the shelf’ AI as a creative partner in design processes are receiving increasing attention in design research. This paper takes the well-known concept of ‘framing’ in design, along with the Schönian concept of ‘surprise’ to explore how a human-AI dialogue could work. The approach taken is practice-based, with the human designer documenting her process of inquiry and decision making. We show how artificial creativity is expressed through misfiring object detection algorithms, and further how these ‘mistakes’ can be perceived and interpreted by the human designer. The contribution of the research is in laying the foundations …
Redefining The Structure: A Design For Remote Studio Learning, Suzanne E. Martin
Redefining The Structure: A Design For Remote Studio Learning, Suzanne E. Martin
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Paula Antonelli stated that it was up to designers to teach the world how to use them well. Taking a change-led, research-led perspective on design learning, could encourage future designers “to exercise the acute critical sense that comes from their analytical training in order to help other citizens slow down, stop, reassess, and continue or change course.” (Antonelli, 2019). The sector, and discipline, has a propensity toward disaggregation, to operate as silos that are defined by their distinction. This paper sets out and discusses a Design Case, a Restorative Learning Thing, as an model for how remote design studio learning …
Improving Our Understanding Of User Trial Samples Using Survey Data, Anya Petyaeva, Joy Goodman-Deane, Mike Bradley, Sam Waller, John Clarkson
Improving Our Understanding Of User Trial Samples Using Survey Data, Anya Petyaeva, Joy Goodman-Deane, Mike Bradley, Sam Waller, John Clarkson
DRS Biennial Conference Series
User trials provide valuable information on how users respond to interfaces in practice. However, it can be hard to ensure a representative sample. We propose a methodology to improve the understanding of the sample’s skew and to identify the characteristics of those who are missing. This can improve the interpretation of results and inform further recruitment to improve the sample. The methodology involves comparing samples with survey data from the UK population on technology experience, competence and attitudes. We provide a case study of this methodology in practice. 30 participants were recruited using quota sampling with significant effort to obtain …
Restrategizing For The Post-Pandemic Era: Service Design For Digital Transformation In The Art And Cultural Sector, Anu Norrgrann, Miia Lammi, Srushti Shah
Restrategizing For The Post-Pandemic Era: Service Design For Digital Transformation In The Art And Cultural Sector, Anu Norrgrann, Miia Lammi, Srushti Shah
DRS Biennial Conference Series
This paper explores the challenges of entrepreneurs and organisations within the art and cultural fields in meeting the challenges of digital transformation. Drawing on a multidisciplinary conceptual framework, and a qualitative empirical investigation comprising four case studies, which illuminate how cultural field organisations and entrepreneurs have adapted to the market disruption caused by the Covid19-pandemic through digital service innovation means, we propose a model for a four stage service design programme, which links design methods as concrete development tools for assisting companies develop innovative digital services and restrategise in post-pandemic markets.
Liberatory Legal Design And Radical Imagination, Hallie Jay Pope
Liberatory Legal Design And Radical Imagination, Hallie Jay Pope
DRS Biennial Conference Series
This paper briefly summarizes the concept of radical imagination, urges legal designers, advocates, and organizers to engage in radical imagination whenever confronting problems of subordination, and suggests a practical, playful method for doing so.
Designing Data Interaction In Exhibitions Contexts, Lorenza Abbate, Cristina Marino
Designing Data Interaction In Exhibitions Contexts, Lorenza Abbate, Cristina Marino
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Nowadays, the primary purpose of information representation is to support users in understanding complex phenomena. Avoiding the 'black hole between data and knowledge" means research tools and methods that help people experience and benefit from this data. Through the analysis of case studies, the contribution aims to provide an overview of existing data visualization and physicalization techniques that enable participatory processes with users. This contribution focuses on interactive data visualizations, particularly on installations in museums, exhibitions or events that involve the user in an active and participatory way. These types of activities offer a simple but effective way to make …
Social Design As Normative Inquiry, Patrycja Kaszynska
Social Design As Normative Inquiry, Patrycja Kaszynska
DRS Biennial Conference Series
This paper gives a stipulative definition of social design. It argues that there is a distinctive field of design practice, and design practice research that can be labelled ‘social design’ but that this distinctiveness cannot be spelled out directly in terms of the relation between design and the social, which has been the dominant view up till now. Rather, social design is defined in terms of the kind of knowledge production that it is – as a form of situational normative inquiry. This means that it is conducted empirically by responding to problems identified in specific situations and according to …
Designing With Theories: Producing Legal Design Diffractively In Courts Of Justice, Joaquin Santuber, Jonathan A. Edelman
Designing With Theories: Producing Legal Design Diffractively In Courts Of Justice, Joaquin Santuber, Jonathan A. Edelman
DRS Biennial Conference Series
This paper proposes Designing with Theories as an invitation to approach Legal De-sign practices and studies differently. We take advantage of a rich and diverse theoretical tradition that allows us to expand the applications and impact of Legal Design. Building on diffraction as a methodology, we articulate this invitation by suggesting seven theories and approaches to designing for justice differently. In a generative and provocative style, we ask seven times the question “what if we design for justice from X theory?”. For each theory, we provide the main assumptions, followed by sense-making with examples from a case study on Chilean …
The State Of Inclusive And Human-Centred Design In Oral Healthcare, Isobel Leason, Farnaz Nickpour
The State Of Inclusive And Human-Centred Design In Oral Healthcare, Isobel Leason, Farnaz Nickpour
DRS Biennial Conference Series
There is an increasing body of work that explores the potential of inclusive and human-centred design to address challenges to our societies’ healthcare. However, there is limited evidence of the utilisation and understanding of these approaches specifically in oral healthcare. This paper reviews the state of inclusive and human-centred design in oral healthcare. A systematic mapping study is used to identify 50 projects relevant to inclusive and human-centred design in oral healthcare. The data extracted from each project helps to examine the nature of inclusive and human-centred design in oral healthcare, reflect on who is being designed for and with, …
Designing A Tangible Augmented Reality Experience For Cultural Heritage Research, Anitha Nathan, Daniella Kalinda, Lucas Hrynyshyn, Ellen Reade, Ravit David, Ali Mazalek
Designing A Tangible Augmented Reality Experience For Cultural Heritage Research, Anitha Nathan, Daniella Kalinda, Lucas Hrynyshyn, Ellen Reade, Ravit David, Ali Mazalek
DRS Biennial Conference Series
The Tangible Augmented Reality Archives (TARA) is an augmented reality system developed to assist cultural heritage researchers in remotely collecting and assessing information on rare artifacts. Building on prior research, we designed TARA to address challenges faced by cultural heritage researchers, including limited access to collections, as well as the time and budget constraints associated with archival visits. In this paper, we examine the use of augmented reality to advance cultural heritage research, and describe a series of design explorations that explore tangible interactions with remote cultural heritage artifacts. These include a three-dimensional cube design, a two-dimensional prop design and …
(Anti)Dialogical Reflection Cards: Politicizing Design Education Through Paulo Freire's Critical Pedagogy, Marco Mazzarotto, Bibiana Oliveira Serpa
(Anti)Dialogical Reflection Cards: Politicizing Design Education Through Paulo Freire's Critical Pedagogy, Marco Mazzarotto, Bibiana Oliveira Serpa
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Paulo Freire's critical pedagogy can contribute to politicize design reflection and practice, promoting a praxis aimed at unveiling systems of oppression and producing transformative interventions. Freire helps us reflect on why and for whom we design and provokes us to question design processes as anti-dialogic, reinforcing oppressions; or dialogic, promoting alliances with the oppressed in the struggle to overcome oppressive situations. To help designers critically debate and appropriate these practices and concepts, we propose an educational material composed of 16 reflective cards based on Freire's critical pedagogy. Throughout this paper, we present the theoretical-practical basis that brings Freire and Design …
Design As A Practice Of Care: Feminist Perspectives On Preventing Harm And Promoting Healing Through Design, Alison Place
Design As A Practice Of Care: Feminist Perspectives On Preventing Harm And Promoting Healing Through Design, Alison Place
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Design as a discipline has traditionally positioned itself as an enterprise in service to capitalism, perpetuating the domination of wealth and the exploitation of la-bor and resources, but recent discourse in the field has increasingly raised ques-tions around design's social and environmental impact. These discourses typically address themes of inclusion, sustainability and ethics, but some have gone fur-ther to explore the potential for care to play a role in the design process. More than ever, an interrogation of the connection between design and care is need-ed, as issues such as climate change, social inequality, global pandemics and ag-ing populations require …
Towards An Object-Oriented Design Ontology, Avsar Gurpinar
Towards An Object-Oriented Design Ontology, Avsar Gurpinar
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Object-oriented ontology, speculative realism, new materialism, and similar contemporary philosophies, proposing alternative theories to understand the world and relations within, became more prevalent and effective in the last two decades. However, expect several solitary examples; these do not seem to be having a transformative effect on design disciplines, theory, and practices. This paper initially introduces primary theorisations of object-oriented thinking and how these theories would inform design thinking, education, theory and practice. The author argues that this is not, by no means, an option or alternative, but is a necessity, an urging fundamental transformation waiting to happen, considering the current …
Listening Tests For Sound Design: Faster Optimization Through Lower-Dimensional Parameter Spaces, Tom Barker, Joana Vieira, Frederico Pereira, Rui Marques, Guilherme Campos
Listening Tests For Sound Design: Faster Optimization Through Lower-Dimensional Parameter Spaces, Tom Barker, Joana Vieira, Frederico Pereira, Rui Marques, Guilherme Campos
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Listening tests are often an essential part of sound design but can be resource intensive to carry out. Where there are many degrees of freedom in the sound design parameters, the ‘curse of dimensionality’, means that the number of trials required to reliably understand the impact of a particular design variable increases exponentially with increasing number of parameters. When there is a particular design goal in mind (e.g. maximum audibility, pleasantness, etc.) this can be somewhat mitigated by using efficient optimisation techniques with online sound generation during listening tests -- whereby a black box optimiser iteratively moves the parameters towards …
Sounds That Satisfy: Describing The Relationship Between Sound And Need Fulfilment, Gijs Louwers, Elif Özcan, Jasper Van Bommel, Sylvia Pont
Sounds That Satisfy: Describing The Relationship Between Sound And Need Fulfilment, Gijs Louwers, Elif Özcan, Jasper Van Bommel, Sylvia Pont
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Psychological needs of users as a basis for design are at the core of design practice, yet the importance of fundamental human needs when designing soundscapes has not been studied specifically. This paper investigates the relationship between nine fundamental human needs and the affective qualities and categories of soundscapes. In a free-labeling survey study, we collected descriptions of imagined sound environments for the fulfilment of the needs, as well as ratings of the perceived affective quality of these environments. We found that needs were associated with pleasant soundscapes, while their eventfulness varied. ‘Human’ sounds were a common category for each …
Out Of Isolation: Designing Reusable Ppe Gowns Based On An Understanding Of Healthcare Workers’ Lived Experiences, Katherine Townsend, Sonja Sterman, Eloise Salter, Karen Harrigan
Out Of Isolation: Designing Reusable Ppe Gowns Based On An Understanding Of Healthcare Workers’ Lived Experiences, Katherine Townsend, Sonja Sterman, Eloise Salter, Karen Harrigan
DRS Biennial Conference Series
The paper reports on an AHRC-funded project aimed at mitigating the personal and environmental impact of PPE isolation gowns, as worn by healthcare workers treating patients with COVID-19. The enquiry was devised in collaboration with NHS and industry partners and is informed by empirical investigations into procured gowns and the lived experiences the health professionals’ wearing them. The development of an industry standard ‘reusable gown system’ requires negotiating various proximities: between safety and disease trans-mission; sustainability and medical waste; the needs of end users, regulation and cost; public and private stakeholders. The article contextualises the research problem and methodology, incorporating …
Promoting Climate Awareness Through The Design Of Interactive Moving Posters, Ricardo Gonçalves, Sérgio M. Rebelo, Daniel Lopes, Artur Rebelo
Promoting Climate Awareness Through The Design Of Interactive Moving Posters, Ricardo Gonçalves, Sérgio M. Rebelo, Daniel Lopes, Artur Rebelo
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Nowadays, the ubiquity of digital media has promoted the establishment of novel Graphic Design practices that seek to better catch the audience’s attention. In the Poster Design scenario, we observed the appearance of moving posters, digital-based artefacts that include animated elements; nevertheless, as moving posters get increasingly common, the search for more effective communication approaches should be conducted. This paper studies the impact of interactivity on poster design. Computational and Artificial Intelligence approaches have been employed to design a set of interactive moving posters which can adapt according to the viewer’s actions and the surrounding environment. The current environmental issues …
Diving In: What Will It Take For Consumers To Transition To A Circular Economy Ready-To-Cook Fish Product? Insights From The Uk, Hayley Alter, Emmanuel Tsekleves, Serena Pollastri
Diving In: What Will It Take For Consumers To Transition To A Circular Economy Ready-To-Cook Fish Product? Insights From The Uk, Hayley Alter, Emmanuel Tsekleves, Serena Pollastri
DRS Biennial Conference Series
To balance production needs with the need to sustain or regenerate the health of ocean ecosystems, stakeholders in the European fish and seafood sector are calling for transition to a circular economy. New industry methods will produce fish-based foods that consumers are not accustomed to eating so we ask, what will it take for consumers to adopt these industrial circular economy foods? Taking the Seafood Age consortium product prototype as a basis, we have created a design method for would-be consumers to reflect on their fish consumption practices and possible adoption of the fish product prototype prompted by a de-sign …