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Articles 211 - 240 of 3839
Full-Text Articles in Arts and Humanities
A Greek Inscription From The Church At Ḥorbat Ḥadat (Pp. 121–126), Leah Di Segni
A Greek Inscription From The Church At Ḥorbat Ḥadat (Pp. 121–126), Leah Di Segni
'Atiqot
A three-line Greek inscription was uncovered in the church at Ḥorbat Ḥadat, set within the mosaic pavement of the nave, at the foot of the bema. The inscription includes a unique quotation from Psalms and an invocation to Christ. The inscription is dated to the fifth century CE, most likely in its second half, based on the shape of the letters.
A Byzantine-Period Church At Ḥorbat Ḥadat (Hebrew, Pp. 93*–118*; English Summary, Pp. 141–143), Uzi ‘Ad, Orit Segal, Oren Shmueli, Rudolph Cohen
A Byzantine-Period Church At Ḥorbat Ḥadat (Hebrew, Pp. 93*–118*; English Summary, Pp. 141–143), Uzi ‘Ad, Orit Segal, Oren Shmueli, Rudolph Cohen
'Atiqot
Excavations at Ḥorbat Ḥadat revealed a church paved with colorful mosaic floors. Two phases of construction were discerned: an early phase, comprising a basilica-type church and a complex of adjacent rooms; and a later phase, when the plan of the church was altered and reduced in size. The construction of the church is dated according to a Greek inscription in a mosaic floor to the second half of the fifth century CE. It is plausible that the church belonged to a large agricultural monastery that was in use from the mid-fifth or early sixth century through the seventh or mid-eighth …
Roman-Period Wall Paintings From The Western Quarter At Gamla (Pp. 83–120), Yoav Farhi, Lena Naama Sharabi
Roman-Period Wall Paintings From The Western Quarter At Gamla (Pp. 83–120), Yoav Farhi, Lena Naama Sharabi
'Atiqot
The colored wall-painting fragments presented in this article were retrieved from the Western Quarter at Gamla. The fragments are of excellent quality, most of them colored red, yellow-ochre and green, often bordered by black or red bands. Several patterns were noticed among the fragments: molding and marble imitations, geometric patterns, meanders, vegetation, thin pilasters and decorative borders. These fresco and secco fragments complement the previously published stucco fragments from Gamla and serve an important role in the reconstruction of the decorative schemes of the houses.
“Jerusalem Ivories”: Iron Age Decorated Ivory Panels From Building 100, Giv‘Ati Parking Lot Excavations, And Their Cultural Setting (Pp. 57–74), Reli Avisar, Yiftah Shalev, Harel Shochat, Yuval Gadot, Ido Koch
“Jerusalem Ivories”: Iron Age Decorated Ivory Panels From Building 100, Giv‘Ati Parking Lot Excavations, And Their Cultural Setting (Pp. 57–74), Reli Avisar, Yiftah Shalev, Harel Shochat, Yuval Gadot, Ido Koch
'Atiqot
This preliminary report presents an assemblage of ivory items found in the precincts of the City of David National Park in Jerusalem. Such prestigious ivory items have only been found in prominent cities, such as Late Bronze Age Megiddo and Iron Age Samaria, where they originated in buildings recognized as part of palatial complexes. These items are the first of their kind to be found in Jerusalem, revealing the wealth of Jerusalem’s elite on the eve of the city’s destruction in 586 BCE. The findings shed light on the cultural and economic role of the city’s elite in the “global” …
Torso Of A ‘Weary Heracles’ Marble Statuette From Ḥorbat Ṭarbenet (Pp. 167–177), Gabriel Mazor, Walid Atrash
Torso Of A ‘Weary Heracles’ Marble Statuette From Ḥorbat Ṭarbenet (Pp. 167–177), Gabriel Mazor, Walid Atrash
'Atiqot
A statuette of a free-standing naked male figure of Heracles was discovered in a fill partially covering a village bath at Ḥorbat Ṭarbenet. The appearance of Heracles in Roman baths is witnessed elsewhere in the region, forming part of the bath décor and usually set in niches in the frigidarium walls, the palestra, or the natatio. A statuette of Heracles in a bathhouse, although not an exceptional Hellenic cultural expression, is a rather unique find in a remote (Jewish?) village.
A Zoomorphic Clay Figurine From ‘En Ḥakhlil, Migdal ‘Ha-Emeq (Pp. 113–116), Nadeshda B. Knudsen
A Zoomorphic Clay Figurine From ‘En Ḥakhlil, Migdal ‘Ha-Emeq (Pp. 113–116), Nadeshda B. Knudsen
'Atiqot
A nearly complete clay zoomorphic figurine was uncovered in the Early Bronze Age I–II burial cave at ‘En Ḥakhlil. The animal species represented is not clear, as the shape of the ears/horns is vague, and the tail is missing; it may represent a donkey or a bull. The figurine seems to have been deposited as a burial offering for the deceased.
A Middle Bronze Age Scarab From Tamra (Ez-Zu‘Abiyya) (Pp. 159–162), Daphna Ben-Tor
A Middle Bronze Age Scarab From Tamra (Ez-Zu‘Abiyya) (Pp. 159–162), Daphna Ben-Tor
'Atiqot
The scarab was found in the earth that was dug out of an Iron Age building, with which it was most likely associated. The scarab’s features and base design argue, however, for a date in the Middle Bronze Age, and thus, it is probably a heirloom.
A Church From The Byzantine, Umayyad And Abbasid Periods Andremains From Iron Age I At Tamra (Ez-ZuʻAb Iyya ) In Ramat Issakhar (Hebrew, Pp. 55*–106*; English Summary, Pp. 168–171), Yotam Tepper
'Atiqot
Excavations at the village of Tamra ez-Zuʻabiyya exposed well-preserved basalt architectural remains of a rural settlement, dating from the Byzantine to the Early Islamic periods. Remains were also uncovered from the Iron Age and the Persian and Roman periods, as well as from the Fatimid, Mamluk and Ottoman periods. In the Byzantine period, a church was erected at the site, decorated with a colorful mosaic pavement, depicting doves and peacocks. During the Umayyad period, the church included a nave, a bema and a northern aisle. The nave was adorned with a colorful mosaic pavement, containing a four-line dedicatory inscription in …
A Byzantine-Period Funerary Chapel In The Newe Yam Dalet Neighborhood In Ashqelon (Pp. 147–158), Yulia Ustinova, Gregory Seriy
A Byzantine-Period Funerary Chapel In The Newe Yam Dalet Neighborhood In Ashqelon (Pp. 147–158), Yulia Ustinova, Gregory Seriy
'Atiqot
Excavations in Ashqelon’s Newe Yam Dalet neighborhood revealed a remarkable funerary chapel.The funerary complex comprises a courtyard, a tomb and a roofed chamber. The chamber floor was paved with mosaics, containing three Greek inscription; a fourth inscription was found on a marble slab in secondary use.The epigraphic evidence endorses the interpretation of the site as a cultic complex, perhaps aprivate memorial site of an individual venerated by the community.
Mosaic Floors, Liturgical Vessels And Furniture, Andarchitectural Sculpture From The Byzantine Monasteryin Naḥal Qidron, Jerusalem (Pp. 83–100), Lihi Habas
'Atiqot
Salvage excavations in Naḥal Qidron, southof Jerusalem, revealed a monastery adornedwith mosaic floors. A composition of geometricinterlaces populated with animals decorated thefloor of the church hall, while geometric andvegetal carpets decorated the vestibule.Stylistic and technical analyses of the mosaicsindicatea datein the mid-sixth century CE.Liturgical furniture madeof imported marble, alongside local stoneimitations, as well as architectural sculpture,were also found at the site. Fragments of two liturgical vessels, a marblepanel, a fragment of a leg of an altar table and a limestonebracket were found.
A Byzantine Monastery In Naḥal Qidron, Jerusalem (Pp. 49–82), Yehiel Zelinger, Hervé Barbé
A Byzantine Monastery In Naḥal Qidron, Jerusalem (Pp. 49–82), Yehiel Zelinger, Hervé Barbé
'Atiqot
A salvageexcavation was conducted on the lowerwestern slope of a high hill east of NaḥalQidron, Jerusalem. The remains wereidentified as a Byzantine monastery.Most of the site washighly disturbed by construction activities andwas excavated as one large unit,including two courtyards, northern and southern, the rooms surrounding them on the north andsouth, and anundergroundburial complex in the east.The finds––pottery, roof tiles, glassand mosaic floors––date to the Byzantine–EarlyIslamic periods, up to the eighth century CE.Fragments of a few ossuaries date to the EarlyRoman period, but they lack a clear stratigraphiccontext. The monastic complex belongs to theone-story coenobium type that flourished inthe Judean Desert …
Fragments Of A Roman-Period Wall Painting At ‘En Ya‘Al (Naḥal Refa’Im), Jerusalem (Pp. 77–79), Silvia Rozenberg
Fragments Of A Roman-Period Wall Painting At ‘En Ya‘Al (Naḥal Refa’Im), Jerusalem (Pp. 77–79), Silvia Rozenberg
'Atiqot
Seventy-five painted plaster fragments were found in the Roman villa excavated on the northern bank of Naḥal Refa’im. The fragments are painted in basic colors: white, red, green and black. The poor technique and the dullness of the colors indicate that the murals should be dated between the late second and the early third centuries CE.
A Villa And A Pottery Kiln From The Late Roman–Byzantine Periods At ‘En Ya‘Al (Naḥal Refa’Im), Jerusalem (With A Contribution By Anat Cohen-Weinberger) (Hebrew, Pp. 71*–119*; English Summary, Pp. 107–110), Shlomit Weksler-Bdolah
A Villa And A Pottery Kiln From The Late Roman–Byzantine Periods At ‘En Ya‘Al (Naḥal Refa’Im), Jerusalem (With A Contribution By Anat Cohen-Weinberger) (Hebrew, Pp. 71*–119*; English Summary, Pp. 107–110), Shlomit Weksler-Bdolah
'Atiqot
The excavation on the northern bank of Naḥal Refa’im in Jerusalem unearthed the remains of three occupation phases: architectural remains from the late Hellenistic or Early Roman period (Stratum III); part of a Roman villa (Stratum II); and a pottery kiln from the Late Roman–Early Byzantine periods (Stratum I). Sections of two rooms belonging to the Roman villa were exposed; the southern room was decorated with colored wall paintings, and its floor was adorned with mosaics. The villa may have been part of an estate granted to a Roman army veteran or officer. Above the ruins of the villa, a …
A Mosaic Floor With Xenia At ‘En YaʻAl (Naḥal Refa’Im), Jerusalem (Hebrew, Pp. 121*–126*; English Summary, Pp. 111–112), Rina Talgam
'Atiqot
Two rooms of a Late Roma-period villa were exposed on the northern bank of Naḥal Refa’im, Jerusalem. The southern room was paved with a white mosaic floor adorned with two colored panels: one, enclosed in a wide frame, contains xenia that usually adorn the floors of dining or reception rooms, and the other, is adorned with an intersecting rosette pattern. The composition, the colors and the quality of the mosaics indicate a third-century CE date.
Finds From The Hellenistic ‘Favissa’ At ‘Akko-Ptolemais (Pp. 11–20), Donald T. Ariel, Natalie Messika
Finds From The Hellenistic ‘Favissa’ At ‘Akko-Ptolemais (Pp. 11–20), Donald T. Ariel, Natalie Messika
'Atiqot
A salvage excavation conducted south of the central bus station in ‘Akko uncovered a Hellenistic-period pit. The fill in the pit contained a large quantity of potsherds, including 21 stamped amphora handles and 3 terracotta figurines. The stamped handles belong to the Rhodian class, dating from the end of the third quarter of the third century until the third quarter of the second century BCE. The terracotta figurines are made of well-levigated clay, bearing white slip and traces of black and brown paint. They represent a bird/dove, a female human and a horse-and-rider. The figurines belong to the Western Greek …
Two Decorated Potsherds From The Islamic Period From Danny Mass Street, Ramla (Hebrew, Pp. 127*–128*; English, P. 120), Nitzan Amitai-Preiss
Two Decorated Potsherds From The Islamic Period From Danny Mass Street, Ramla (Hebrew, Pp. 127*–128*; English, P. 120), Nitzan Amitai-Preiss
'Atiqot
Two decorated potsherds were unearthed: a stamped jar handle depicting a “cross” and part of a flask. The flask bears an Arabic inscription, which was dated, based on comparisons, to the thirteenth–fourteenth centuries CE.
Excavations Near The Triple Gate Of The Temple Mount, Jerusalem (Pp. 37–95), Yuval Baruch, Ronny Reich
Excavations Near The Triple Gate Of The Temple Mount, Jerusalem (Pp. 37–95), Yuval Baruch, Ronny Reich
'Atiqot
In the vicinity of the ‘western Hulda Gate’ in the southern wall of the Temple Mount, four areas were excavated. Area A revealed a large miqweh (ritual bath). Area B contained three rock-cut, vaulted rooms supporting the monumental staircase to the Triple Gate. In Area C, south of the vaulted rooms, fills were excavated and a rock-cut surface was exposed. In Area D, the rock-cut ‘Secco Room’ was cleaned. Several architectural fragments, including column drums, a column base, entablature fragments, staircase elements and a fragment of a threshold, were uncovered, many of which originated in Herod’s Royal Stoa. Some of …
A Mosaic Floor In The Church Of Bishop Johannes At Ḥorbat Barqa, Gan Yavne (Hebrew, Pp. 89*–126*; English Summary, Pp. 129–132), Lihi Habas
'Atiqot
Mosaic pavements were uncovered in the nave and in the atrium of the Church of Bishop Johannes at Ḥorbat Barqa. Of the mosaic carpet in the nave nine rows were preserved; a large central medallion containing a circle of harmony and another large medallion with a dedicatory inscription emphasize its main axis. The mosaic is decorated with vine scrolls populated with still life objects, fauna, birds and daily scenes, alongside motifs with of religious significance. The mosaic floor, made in a flat, schematic style, is similar in style, composition and iconography to mosaic floors from the early sixth century CE …
Fragments Of Liturgical Furniture From The Church Of Bishop Johannes At Ḥorbat Barqa, Gan Yavne (Hebrew, Pp. 127*–141*; English Summary, Pp. 133–135), Lihi Habas
'Atiqot
The excavation at Ḥorbat Barqa yielded fragments of marble liturgical furniture belonging to an altar table, two chancel-screen panels—one solid and one with a lace pattern—as well as a silver-plated bronze cross with holes, which was probably inlaid in an architectural element. Based on parallels, the chancel screens seem to have been decorated with the stephanos composition (stephanostaurion), which symbolizes Christ, the redemption and the salvation that he brought, and the triumph over death. The liturgical area of the apse and the bema were not preserved; however, the altar-table fragments and the chancel screens provide evidence for their existence.
New Archaeological Finds From Kursi-Gergesa (With A Contribution By Gabriela Bijovsky) (Pp. 175–197), Vassilios Tzaferis
New Archaeological Finds From Kursi-Gergesa (With A Contribution By Gabriela Bijovsky) (Pp. 175–197), Vassilios Tzaferis
'Atiqot
Two areas were opened (Areas C, D), exposing a stepped tunnel, a bathhouse and a cemetery. The stepped tunnel, which was unearthed in the 1970–1971 season of excavations, was found to end in a narrow leveled space, above which was a vaulted entrance leading to a spacious underground room. A compact Roman–Byzantine bathhouse was exposed, comprising five distinct units: a water-supply unit, a heating installation (praefurnium), heated-water pools, a hot room (caldarium) and a cool room (frigidarium). It is evident that the bathhouse was connected to the hostel building excavated in 1970–1971. The pottery from the bathhouse was similar to …
Glass Finds And Assorted Beads From Three Tombs At Kursi-Gergesa (Pp. 199–208), Natalya Katsnelson
Glass Finds And Assorted Beads From Three Tombs At Kursi-Gergesa (Pp. 199–208), Natalya Katsnelson
'Atiqot
Three glass vessels and 45 pieces of jewelry were retrieved from the tombs discovered behind the apse wall of the church at Kursi. Among the vessels is a mold-blown, hexagonal jug with a rare symbolic motif, hitherto unknown from an excavated context. The finds also included two glass pendants, a ribbed bracelet and many beads of varied shapes and sizes, made of glass, carnelian, resin, bone and coral. Two of the beads were decorated: a mosaic-glass bead and a carnelian bead with a drawn pattern. The entire assemblage is typical of the sixth–early seventh centuries CE.
Three Canaanite Design Scarabs, One Egyptian Obsidian Scarab And One Syrian Cylinder Seal From A Burial Cave Near Ras ‘Ali, In Naḥal Zippori (Pp. 1–11), Baruch Brandl
'Atiqot
Four scarabs and a cylinder seal were unearthed in a burial cave near Ras ‘Ali, in Naḥal Zippori. Three of the scarabs are made of glazed steatite and one, of obsidian; the seal is made of serpentine. The three glazed steatite scarabs are locally made Canaanite products, while the obsidian scarab seems to have been imported from Egypt. The cylinder seal is a Syrian product that was imported from the Syrian coast, most probably from Ugarit. All the glyptic finds are typical of MB IIC in Canaan (sixteenth century BCE).
Rescue Excavations At The Early Bronze Age Site Of Qiryat Ata—Area O (With Contributions By Raphael Greenberg, Hamoudi Khalaily And Henk K. Mienis) (Pp. 27–60), Amir Golani
'Atiqot
The excavation at Qiryat Ata, Area O, was undertaken in the southern, peripheral zone of the site. Three primary settlement episodes were revealed: Phases 3 and 2 date to EB IB and consist of two buildings and associated surfaces, while Phase 1 dates to EB II and mainly consists of a large fortification wall. These three phases correlate with the three main occupation strata (III–I) that have been identified at the site. The finds in Area O include two large and homogenous pottery assemblages, dating to EB IB and EB II; four cylinder-seal impressions; flints, representing a relatively ‘clean’ EB …
Wall Paintings From The Late Roman Or Early Byzantine Period In Cave 4 At Ben Shemen (Hebrew, Pp. 45*–50*; English Summary, P. 139), Talila Michaeli
Wall Paintings From The Late Roman Or Early Byzantine Period In Cave 4 At Ben Shemen (Hebrew, Pp. 45*–50*; English Summary, P. 139), Talila Michaeli
'Atiqot
Traces of simple wall paintings, painted in fresco technique with reddish brown paint, were found in Arcosolium Cave 4 at Ben Shemen. The depiction of a wreath might be connected with Christian funerary art, symbolizing the victory of Christ and his believers; however, the wreath may have framed an inscription with the name of the deceased or his portrait. The dating is difficult, since reddish brown monochrome paintings appear in Israel in tombs dating from the mid-third to the fifth centuries CE. Therefore, only a general date can be attributed to the paintings: the final phase of the Roman or …
A Lead Coffin From The Roman Period At Ḥorbat Ohad, Kibbutz Bet Guvrin (With A Contribution By Natalya Katsnelson) (Hebrew, Pp. 11*–18*; English Summary, P. 136), Daniel Varga, Rina Talgam
A Lead Coffin From The Roman Period At Ḥorbat Ohad, Kibbutz Bet Guvrin (With A Contribution By Natalya Katsnelson) (Hebrew, Pp. 11*–18*; English Summary, P. 136), Daniel Varga, Rina Talgam
'Atiqot
In a tomb hewn into soft limestone (qirton) at Ḥorbat Ohad, a lead coffin and its lid were uncovered. Within the coffin were the bones of a female, aged 17–20 years and an intact candlestick-type glass bottle. The coffin is decorated with mythological scenes—a winged Eros hunting a lion, and drunken Heracles holding a drinking vessel while riding a carriage driven by two centaurs—as well as geometric and floral motifs. Similar lead coffins are frequently found along the Israeli and Phoenician coast, and are known also from inland sites. The decorative motifs on the coffin, as well as the glass …
An Israelite Basketry-Box Sealing From The Western Wall Plaza Excavations, Jerusalem (Pp. 1–12), Baruch Brandl
An Israelite Basketry-Box Sealing From The Western Wall Plaza Excavations, Jerusalem (Pp. 1–12), Baruch Brandl
'Atiqot
A clay sealing was retrieved from the Iron Age II building uncovered in the Western Wall Plaza excavations. It was identified as Israelite, based on typological and stylistic grounds, as well as on the geo-political distribution of such seals. The basketry-box sealing seems to have reached Judah either during the ninth century BCE, or in the hands of a refugee during the last decades of the eighth century BCE, between 850 and 722 BCE.
Marble Items From The Late Byzantine Buildings Along The Eastern Fringes Of Tel Shiqmona (Hebrew, Pp. 135–142; English Summary, P. 96*), Ira Barash
'Atiqot
Marble items found in the excavation at Tel Shiqmona include fragments of chancel screens, one of them decorated with the head of an animal—a ram or sheep; Corinthian capitals, characteristic of the fifth–sixth centuries CE; a column; carved items; and pavers and wall liners. Most of the marble items were found in a building that was probably a church, located in Area D/E.
The Mosaic From The Building (Church?) On The Eastern Fringes Of Tel Shiqmona (Hebrew, Pp. 143–145; English Summary, P. 97*), Ira Barash
'Atiqot
The mosaic was discovered in a building identified as a church, which was uncovered in Area D/E at Tel Shiqmona. The tesserae, of limestone, occur in shades of white, black, turquoise, red and yellow. The pattern of the central carpet is one of intertwined circles that form a motif of adjacent Maltese crosses. Based on the ceramic finds that were recovered from the bedding and the fill below it, the mosaic should be dated to the beginning of the seventh century CE.
Three Persian-Period Metallic Finger Rings From Burial Cave 2, South Ḥorbat Tittora (Pp. 33*–40*), Baruch Brandl
Three Persian-Period Metallic Finger Rings From Burial Cave 2, South Ḥorbat Tittora (Pp. 33*–40*), Baruch Brandl
'Atiqot
Three metal finger rings were found in a repository in a burial cave, excavated at South Ḥorbat Tittora. The rings are all-metal products, and they are relatively well-preserved. They were dated to the Persian period (fifth–fourth centuries BCE), based on their shape, decoration and excavated parallels. They comprise a welcome addition to the relatively small number of all-metal rings from the Persian period that has been found in the country.
A Scarab From The Western Wall Plaza Excavations, Jerusalem (Pp. 21*–23*), Othmar Keel
A Scarab From The Western Wall Plaza Excavations, Jerusalem (Pp. 21*–23*), Othmar Keel
'Atiqot
A scarab was found in a quarry west of the Iron Age four-room house unearthed in the Western Wall Plaza Excavations, Jerusalem. The scarab, made of baked steatite, is fragmentary, and was probably trapezoidal. On its base are traces of the name of the Egyptian god Amun-Re. Based on the features of the scarab and the inscription, the object was most probably produced during the time of Dynasty XXII (945–713 BCE).