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M2 Surface And Internal Tides On The Scotian Shelf And Slope, Brian Petrie Jan 1975

M2 Surface And Internal Tides On The Scotian Shelf And Slope, Brian Petrie

Journal of Marine Research

Analysis of current meter and temperature data on the continental shelf and slope off Nova Scotia reveals two distinct regimes for the M2 tide. On the slope the baroclinic tide dominates. The data is consistent with strong generation near a critical zone at about 200 m depth. The internal tide on the slope is compatable with two-dimensional internal tide generation models and with the radiation condition imposed in these models....

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Volume Dedicated To Raymond Braislin Montgomery On Occasion Of His Sixty-Fifth Birthday; Bibliography Of Raymond Braislin Montgomery; Biographical Notes: Raymond Braislin Montgomery, William C. Boicourt Jan 1975

Volume Dedicated To Raymond Braislin Montgomery On Occasion Of His Sixty-Fifth Birthday; Bibliography Of Raymond Braislin Montgomery; Biographical Notes: Raymond Braislin Montgomery, William C. Boicourt

Journal of Marine Research

If a scientist's achievement were gauged solely on the strength of his formal research, Raymond Braislin Montgomery's bibliography would justify the high regard in which his professional friends hold him. But this esteem is held in large part for a contribution to physical oceanography that cannot be traced via a list of writings or a list of honors or positions. It is for Montgonery's role as teacher, scholar and critic.

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Interpretation Of Maps Of Geopotential Anomaly For The Deep Pacific Ocean, Joseph L. Reid, Robert S. Arthur Jan 1975

Interpretation Of Maps Of Geopotential Anomaly For The Deep Pacific Ocean, Joseph L. Reid, Robert S. Arthur

Journal of Marine Research

Maps of the anomaly of the geopotential distance between various deep isobaric surfaces in the Pacific have been prepared and briefly compared with such information and concepts of the deeper circulation as are available. This comparison can yield, with no peculiar or extreme assumptions about the absolute flow at any level, a qualitative scheme of deeper circulation that is consistent with such few postulates and measurements as are at hand....

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Evidence For Roll Vortices Associated With A Land Breeze, Wayne V. Burt, Henry Crew, Stephen L. Poole Jan 1975

Evidence For Roll Vortices Associated With A Land Breeze, Wayne V. Burt, Henry Crew, Stephen L. Poole

Journal of Marine Research

Time series measurements from an array of meteorological buoys off the Oregon coast displayed periodicities that suggest the presence of atmospheric roll vortices. The roll vortices were associated with nocturnal land breezes, cool air masses moving slowly seaward through the buoy array under the prevailing longshore wind of marine air. It appears that buoyancy and shear are the mechanisms responsible for the observed rolls.

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Minimal Properties Of Planetary Eddies, Melvin E. Stern Jan 1975

Minimal Properties Of Planetary Eddies, Melvin E. Stern

Journal of Marine Research

An isolated barotropic eddy on the β-plane can be in equilibrium only if it is composed of a coupled cyclone-anticyclone system, only if it is separated by a vorticity discontinuity (free streamline) from the surrounding fluid...

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Reaction Of Methyl Halides With Seawater And Marine Aerosols, Oliver C. Zafiriou Jan 1975

Reaction Of Methyl Halides With Seawater And Marine Aerosols, Oliver C. Zafiriou

Journal of Marine Research

Methyl iodide is known to be formed biologically in seawater and has been postulated as the agent of iodine air-sea transport. Kinetic calculations and experiments demonstrate that methyl iodide reacts with chloride ion in seawater to yield methyl chloride approximately as fast as it exchanges into the atmosphere. In seawater, both methyl chloride and methyl iodide are slowly hydrolyzed to methanol and halide ions. The rate of trapping of I on sea-salt particles by reaction with atmospheric methyl iodide is shown to be too slow to account for the enrichment of the marine aerosol in I relative to seawater....

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Detrital Utilization By The Polychaete, Capitella Capitata, Kenneth R. Tenore Jan 1975

Detrital Utilization By The Polychaete, Capitella Capitata, Kenneth R. Tenore

Journal of Marine Research

Although organic detritus is an important energy source in marine ecosystems little quantitative data are available on rates of utilization by deposit feeders. A major reason is the difficulty of using isotope tracer techniques due to the release. and recycling of such non-conservative labels as carbon-14 from the detritus during suspension in an aquatic medium....

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Observations Of The California Countercurrent, J. B. Wickham Jan 1975

Observations Of The California Countercurrent, J. B. Wickham

Journal of Marine Research

Spatially dense observations in consecutive years in a region within about 50 km of the continental shelf show a complex structure of southern water undergoing dilution by mixing as it flows northward. An eddy a few tens of km in diameter appears to be a major contributor to the mixing process. Marked differences are seen in structure and flow between the two years.

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On The Potential Temperature In The Abyssal Pacific Ocean, Arnold W. Mantyla Jan 1975

On The Potential Temperature In The Abyssal Pacific Ocean, Arnold W. Mantyla

Journal of Marine Research

A new map of the potential temperature at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean has been prepared It allows a more detailed description of the abyssal flow than has been possible before. In addition to the generally northward flow of the Pacific Bottom Water, some evidence is presented for the manner of modification of the Bottom Water, by vertical mixing and geothermal heating, into Pacific Deep Water, which must return southward above the Bottom Water layer....

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The Optimum Wiggliness Of Tidal Admittances, Bernard D. Zetler, Walter H. Munk Jan 1975

The Optimum Wiggliness Of Tidal Admittances, Bernard D. Zetler, Walter H. Munk

Journal of Marine Research

Some numerical experiments with recent offshore tide measurements have examined various parameters involved in tidal prediction by the response method: the number of prediction weights, their lead (and lag) times, and the treatment of radiational tides. The optimum number of weights depends directly on the length of record and inversely on noise level in a tidal band; more weights degrade the prediction and generate an artificial wiggliness in the admittance.

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Deep Caribbean Inflow Through The Anegada -- Jungfern Passage, Marvel C. Stalcup, William G. Metcalf, Richard G. Johnson Jan 1975

Deep Caribbean Inflow Through The Anegada -- Jungfern Passage, Marvel C. Stalcup, William G. Metcalf, Richard G. Johnson

Journal of Marine Research

The Jungfem Passage Sill at a depth of 1815 meters is the controlling sill for the deepest water exchange between the Atlantic Ocean and the Venezuelan Basin of the Caribbean Sea. Data from moored current meters and temperature recorders, STD's and hydrographic stations obtained during March and April 1972 are interpreted as indicating an average net flow of 56 × 103 m3 sec-1 of deep Atlantic water into the Caribbean Sea. Current speeds as high as 32 cm sec-1 were recorded on the sill near the axis of the inflow, and the average velocity during 38 days was 20 cm …

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The 137°E Oceanographic Section, Jotaro Masuzawa, Koichi Nagasaka Jan 1975

The 137°E Oceanographic Section, Jotaro Masuzawa, Koichi Nagasaka

Journal of Marine Research

A long meridional section at 137°E in the western North Pacific has been routinely made in January since 1967. The results obtained from 1967 to 1974 indicate that there are fairly big differences between years in temperature and salinity of the upper water and steric sea level in the tropical or equatorial region. An anomalous state of oceanographic characteristics in the western equatorial Pacific, which is suggested by the 137°E section in July 1972 and in January 1973, may be associated with the El Niño off South America...

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Subsurface Countercurrents In The Eastern Equatorial Pacific Ocean, Mizuki Tsuchiya Jan 1975

Subsurface Countercurrents In The Eastern Equatorial Pacific Ocean, Mizuki Tsuchiya

Journal of Marine Research

Data from the Eastropac expedition in 1967–1968 and four subsequent cruises in 1970–1973 clearly indicate two narrow, stable eastward countercurrents at approximately symmetrical positions about the equator in the subthermocline layers of the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean. They persist throughout the year without apparent seasonal variations in intensity and position....

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An Appreciation And Statement Of Policy, Daniel Merriman, George Veronis Jan 1974

An Appreciation And Statement Of Policy, Daniel Merriman, George Veronis

Journal of Marine Research

With this issue, Volume XXXII, number 1, of the Journal of Marine Research, we have a new Editor, George Veronis, Professor of Geophysics and Applied Science….

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Temperature And Salinity Tolerances Of Young Gulf Of California Grunion, Leuresthes Sardina (Atheriniformes: Atherinidae), William W. Reynolds, Donald A. Thomson Jan 1974

Temperature And Salinity Tolerances Of Young Gulf Of California Grunion, Leuresthes Sardina (Atheriniformes: Atherinidae), William W. Reynolds, Donald A. Thomson

Journal of Marine Research

Temperature and salinity tolerances were determined for laboratory-reared larval and juvenile Gulf of California grunion, Leuresthes sardina. The fish were hatched in the laboratory from artificially fertilized eggs obtained from spawning adults captured with a beach seine....

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A Laser-Doppler Velocimeter With Ocean Applications, William W. Fowlis, J. Dana Thompson, William E. Terry Jan 1974

A Laser-Doppler Velocimeter With Ocean Applications, William W. Fowlis, J. Dana Thompson, William E. Terry

Journal of Marine Research

Difficulties of intrinsic and environmental origins are still being experienced in the use of ocean currentmeters. The recently developed laser-Doppler technique of flow measurement offers advantages over existing techniques and the application of the laser-Doppler technique to ocean flow measurements is proposed. In particular, a laser-Doppler system which has been used in the laboratory and which is suitable for ocean applications is described....

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Internal Tides In St. Lawrence Estuary, W. D. Forrester Jan 1974

Internal Tides In St. Lawrence Estuary, W. D. Forrester

Journal of Marine Research

Near-surface current measurements from locations along the channel of the St.Lawrence Estuary between Trois Pistoles and Baie Comeau are examined for consistent evidence of internal tides. The harmonic constituents of the local tidal streams at each site were estimated by harmonic analysis of the records, and from these were subtracted estimates of the harmonic constituents of the local barotropic tidal streams (those due to surface tides alone)....

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Observations On The Coastal Current Of Arctic Alaska, R. G. Paquette, R. H. Bourke Jan 1974

Observations On The Coastal Current Of Arctic Alaska, R. G. Paquette, R. H. Bourke

Journal of Marine Research

This paper describes characteristics of the warm coastal current in the vicinity of the ice margin in the Chukchi and Beaufort seas. The warm current originates in Bering Strait and is traced around Pt. Barrow to longitude 152°W in the Beaufort Sea. In the Chukchi Sea it is concentrated near the surface, overlying dense relict bottom water trapped by the shallow depths. Eastward, as the bottom deepens, the warm water descends to mid-depth, eventually becoming warmest near bottom in depths of 30 to 50 m. Mechanisms for cooling and dilution of the warm water are discussed .

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Animal-Sediment Relations In A Tropical Lagoon Discovery Bay, Jamaica, Robert C. Aller, Richard E. Dodge Jan 1974

Animal-Sediment Relations In A Tropical Lagoon Discovery Bay, Jamaica, Robert C. Aller, Richard E. Dodge

Journal of Marine Research

The distribution of many macrobenthic species in the back-reef lagoon of Discovery Bay, Jamaica can be related to a gradient in bottom stability. This gradient is defined by increasing rates of biogenic reworking and sediment resuspension in the western part of the lagoon. Infaunal diversity and coral growth decrease in the western, unstable areas. The infauna of the carbonate sand consists mainly of deposit feeders....

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Diaphus Taaningi Norman, The Principal Component Of A Shallow Sound-Scattering Layer In The Cariaco Trench, Venezuela, Ronald C. Baird, Donald F. Wilson, Robert C. Beckett, Thomas L. Hopkins Jan 1974

Diaphus Taaningi Norman, The Principal Component Of A Shallow Sound-Scattering Layer In The Cariaco Trench, Venezuela, Ronald C. Baird, Donald F. Wilson, Robert C. Beckett, Thomas L. Hopkins

Journal of Marine Research

A myctophid fish, Diaphus taaningi Norman, is the principal component of a distinct daytime sound-scattering layer lying near 250 m, well above the anoxic, hydrogen-sulfide zone of the Cariaco Trench. The scattering layer produced strong sonar echoes at 12, 25, and 50 kHz; mean sound-scattering strength at layer depth at 25 kHz was approximately --73 dB and at 50 kHz was approximately --67 dB....

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Tide-Well Systems I: Some Non-Linear Effects Of The Conventional Tide Well, B. J. Noye Jan 1974

Tide-Well Systems I: Some Non-Linear Effects Of The Conventional Tide Well, B. J. Noye

Journal of Marine Research

Recent uses to which tide records have been put has revealed that modern analytical techniques have outstripped the quality of available data. Lack of knowledge of the response of the conventional type tide well has been a serious handicap to workers in this field. The analysis in this paper shows that non-linearities, caused by the flow through the orifice, produce the main features of the response of the system; the hydrodynamic filtering of waves, due to the depth of the orifice and the effect of the inertia of the water in the well, are relatively unimportant.

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Freezing Point Of Seawater, Brendan T. Doherty, Dana R. Kester Jan 1974

Freezing Point Of Seawater, Brendan T. Doherty, Dana R. Kester

Journal of Marine Research

Accurate values of the freezing point of seawater are necessary for considering thermal processes at high latitudes and for relating the ice-water equilibrium to the thermodynamics of water in seawater at low temperature. Measurements of the freezing point of seawater at various salinities were made using three independent techniques. The results obtained by a super-cooling method were not reliable, whereas values based on a flow and an equilibration technique were indistinguishable....

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Response Of A Savonius Rotor To Unsteady Flow, Michael Karweit Jan 1974

Response Of A Savonius Rotor To Unsteady Flow, Michael Karweit

Journal of Marine Research

A Savonius rotor used as a speed measuring device was subjected to a unidirectional unsteady flow having a mean value U0. A comparison between the rotor rotation rate in this unsteady flow and its rotation rate in a steady flow U0 yielded systematic errors in velocities as inferred from steady-state calibrations. Further dependence of the errors on dimensional quantities suggests that pr esent attempts to model the Savonius rotor's dynamics will have to be expanded.

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Particulate Matter At The Sediment-Water Interface In Coastal Environments, Ralph Gordon Johnson Jan 1974

Particulate Matter At The Sediment-Water Interface In Coastal Environments, Ralph Gordon Johnson

Journal of Marine Research

A microscopic study was made of marine sediments to identify the kinds of materials present at the sediment-water interface and to describe these materials from a biological point of view. Fifty-two samples were collected at 26 stations in the vicinity of Woods Hole, Massachusetts. A total of 42 particle species was recognized....

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External Release Of Protease By Stationary Burrow-Dwelling Polychaetes, Robert A. Zottoli, Melbourne R. Carriker Jan 1974

External Release Of Protease By Stationary Burrow-Dwelling Polychaetes, Robert A. Zottoli, Melbourne R. Carriker

Journal of Marine Research

1. Introduction Travis and Gonsalves (1969) and Carriker (1969) hypothesized that the accessory boring organ of such gastropods as Urosalpinx cinerea (Say) may secrete a protease, possibly a conchiolinase, during penetration of prey shell. They suggested that the enzyme initially may dissolve the non-mineralized organic matrix surrounding the calcareous units of shell, exposing the units to solution by acids, chelators, or both....

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An Interpretation Of The Double T-S Maxima In The Mediterranean Outflow Using Chemical Tracers, M. R. Howe, M. I. Abdullah, S. Deetae Jan 1974

An Interpretation Of The Double T-S Maxima In The Mediterranean Outflow Using Chemical Tracers, M. R. Howe, M. I. Abdullah, S. Deetae

Journal of Marine Research

TSD observations of the Mediterranean outflow into the N.E. Atlantic were supplemented by measurements of nitrate, silicate, and phosphate. Apart from the normal salinity maximum at 1200 m, the occurrence of a T-S maximum at a depth of about 700 m in the Atlantic has often been observed. The chemical data suggest that this upper maximum is due to the release of water from a relatively shallow depth in the Straits of Gibraltar.

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Comments On 'Seasonal Variability Of The Florida Current,' By Niiler And Richardson, R. B. Montgomery Jan 1974

Comments On 'Seasonal Variability Of The Florida Current,' By Niiler And Richardson, R. B. Montgomery

Journal of Marine Research

Niiler and Richardson (1973) have presented the results of direct measurements showing the seasonal variation of the volume flux of the Florida Current, from the average low of 25.4 × 106 m3/s in about November to the average high of 33.6 × 106 m3/s in about June. These excellent measurements give us, for the first time, reliable quantitative information about the seasonal variation of a major ocean current.

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Characteristics Of El Niño In 1972, Warren S. Wooster, Oscar Guillen Jan 1974

Characteristics Of El Niño In 1972, Warren S. Wooster, Oscar Guillen

Journal of Marine Research

Characteristics of the Niño event of 1972 were examined, using monthly descriptions of sea surface temperatures in the eastern tropical Pacific and in the region offshore from Peru, monthly average temperatures from Peruvian coastal stations, and surface temperature and salinity data from oceanographic cruises. Observations were compared with those from previous events, especially that of 1965, and some general features of the phenomenon were established....

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A Two-Layer Model For The Separation Of Inertial Boundary Currents, Dennis W. Moore, Pearn P. Niller Jan 1974

A Two-Layer Model For The Separation Of Inertial Boundary Currents, Dennis W. Moore, Pearn P. Niller

Journal of Marine Research

1. Introduction The problem of the steady circulation in an inviscid, two-layer ocean is solved in the limit of small mid-oceanic Ross by number. The model is not new. Certain aspects of the problem have been treated by Fofonoff (1954 and 1962), Deacon et al (1955), Charney (1955), Morgan (1956), Stammel (1958), Robinson (1963), Blandford (1965), J acobs (1968), and Schmitz (1969).

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An Instrument To Measure Atmospheric Pressure Fluctuations Above Surface Gravity Waves, R. L. Snyder, R. B. Long, J. Irish, D. G. Hunley, N. C. Pflaum Jan 1974

An Instrument To Measure Atmospheric Pressure Fluctuations Above Surface Gravity Waves, R. L. Snyder, R. B. Long, J. Irish, D. G. Hunley, N. C. Pflaum

Journal of Marine Research

This paper describes an instrument which has been used successfully at a field site in the Bight of Abaco, Bahamas, to monitor the atmospheric pressure field above surface gravity waves in the frequency range .5 to 5. rad/s. The atmospheric pressure is sampled at fixed elevations with a cone-shaped probe having a pressure coefficient of less than .02 magnitude for angles of attack less than 15°; the probe is mounted on a vane to minimize horizontal angles of attack. The pressure signal is conducted to a subsurface transducer through a mercury-sealed bearing. Overall system noise is estimated to be of …

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