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Variations In Ammonium Enhancement, An Indication Of Nitrogen Deficiency In New England Coastal Phytoplankton Populations, Clarice M. Yentsch, Charles S. Yentsch, Lois R. Strube Jan 1977

Variations In Ammonium Enhancement, An Indication Of Nitrogen Deficiency In New England Coastal Phytoplankton Populations, Clarice M. Yentsch, Charles S. Yentsch, Lois R. Strube

Journal of Marine Research

Phytoplankton populations in the coastal waters of the Gulf of Maine have been tested for cellular nitrogen deficiency by adding ammonium to the dark bottle in a conventional 14C experiment. In phytoplankton cultures it has been shown that under conditions of nitrogen limitation to growth, accelerated dark fixation after ammonium addition signals the onset of cellular nitrogen deficiency....

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Secular Variability In The Baroclinic Structure Of The Interior North Pacific From 1950-1970, Warren B. White Jan 1977

Secular Variability In The Baroclinic Structure Of The Interior North Pacific From 1950-1970, Warren B. White

Journal of Marine Research

Recently White (1975) found significant year to year changes in the baroclinic transport of the Subtropical Gyre in the North Pacific. To determine the spatial variability in the general circulation associated with this change in bulk transport, the baroclinic potential energy (BPE) in the mid-latitude interior from 20-50N, 145E-130W is mapped (using the methods of optimum interpolation) onto a regular 5 degree latitude/ 10 degree longitude grid each year from 1950-1970....

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Sediment Processing In A Marine Subtidal Sandy Bottom Community: I. Physical Aspects, Allen C. Myers Jan 1977

Sediment Processing In A Marine Subtidal Sandy Bottom Community: I. Physical Aspects, Allen C. Myers

Journal of Marine Research

Sediment processing by animals may include burrowing, ingestion/defecation, tube-building, and biodeposition. In a benthic community, combinations of these processes will occur, their proportions and relative importance depending on the composition of the fauna and the sedimentary environment....

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Sediment Processing In A Marine Subtidal Sandy Bottom Community: Ii. Biological Consequences, Allen C. Myers Jan 1977

Sediment Processing In A Marine Subtidal Sandy Bottom Community: Ii. Biological Consequences, Allen C. Myers

Journal of Marine Research

Sediment processing by benthic animals is acknowledged to destroy, alter, or create sedimentary structures. Sediment processing also has consequences for benthic community trophic structure and spatial distribution. Previous workers have shown that biogenic instability of muddy sediments may exclude one feeding type from an area dominated by a different feeding type (trophic group arnensalism)....

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Coral Populations And Growth Patterns: Responses To Sedimentation And Turbidity Associated With Dredging, Richard E. Dodge Jan 1977

Coral Populations And Growth Patterns: Responses To Sedimentation And Turbidity Associated With Dredging, Richard E. Dodge

Journal of Marine Research

Analysis of coral growth patterns and populations in Bermuda reveals that living coral abundance on the reefs of Castle Harbor, a location where extensive dredging occurred during 1941- 1943, is much reduced in comparison to external North-South reefs. Dead corals, sampled in the harbor, have skeletal patterns of growth which are similar and which show a marked decline in growth for several years prior to death....

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The Determination Of The Apparent Dissociation Constants Of Arsenic Acid In Water, Douglas H. Lowenthal, Michael E.Q. Pilson, Robert H. Bryne Jan 1977

The Determination Of The Apparent Dissociation Constants Of Arsenic Acid In Water, Douglas H. Lowenthal, Michael E.Q. Pilson, Robert H. Bryne

Journal of Marine Research

The apparent dissociation constants for arsenic acid in seawater, based on a free molal hydrogen scale, were determined in artificial seawater over a range of salinities and temperatures. A comparison between constants determined in a sodium chloride solution and artificial seawater of the same ionic strength suggests that a significant amount of the reactive arsenate in seawater is ion paired with cations other than sodium....

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Some Features Of The Upper 500 M Of The Agulhas Current, A. F. Pearce Jan 1977

Some Features Of The Upper 500 M Of The Agulhas Current, A. F. Pearce

Journal of Marine Research

A detailed study of the mesoscale structure and variability of the upper 500 m layer of the Agulhas Current off Durban has shown that the Agulhas Current is remarkably similar to the other great western boundary currents. At the surface, the Current can generally be divided into 3 distinct zones: the intense cyclonic shear region, the "core" (where the velocity exceeds 1 m/s), and the less well defined anticyclonic shear region....

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Cross-Shelf Circulation On The Continental Shelf Off Northwest Africa During Upwelling, David Halpern, Robert L. Smith, Ekkehard Mittelstaedt Jan 1977

Cross-Shelf Circulation On The Continental Shelf Off Northwest Africa During Upwelling, David Halpern, Robert L. Smith, Ekkehard Mittelstaedt

Journal of Marine Research

During 10 March-6 April, 1974 simultaneous current records were obtained from 12 current meters, placed between 0.8 m and 67 m, in water approximately 75 m deep at 21°40'N, 17°18'W, about 32 km from the coast of Mauritania. Throughout the experiment the vertical stratification and horizontal density gradient were weak, and the winds were generally favorable for coastal upwelling....

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Infaunal Macrobenthos Off Cap Blanc, Spanish Sahara, Jean Nichols, Gilbert T. Rowe Jan 1977

Infaunal Macrobenthos Off Cap Blanc, Spanish Sahara, Jean Nichols, Gilbert T. Rowe

Journal of Marine Research

Cap Blanc, Spanish Sahara is characterized by a nearshore benthic faunal province physically controlled by rates of sedimentation, conservatively estimated at 4 cm/yr, with a gradual transition across the continental shelf to a second province in a zone with high phytoplankton production of 2 gm C m-2 d-1 induced by upwelling at the continental shelf's outer margin....

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Does The Sverdrup Relation Account For The Mid-Atlantic Circulation?, Ants Leetmaa, Pearn Niiler, Henry Stommel Jan 1977

Does The Sverdrup Relation Account For The Mid-Atlantic Circulation?, Ants Leetmaa, Pearn Niiler, Henry Stommel

Journal of Marine Research

A comparison is made between the geostrophic transport across selected latitudes in the North Atlantic Ocean and the theoretical transport as derived from the Sverdrup relationship. In the subtropical gyre these agree to within the error estimates. At 32°N and 24°N the interior geostrophic transports compare well with the measured values in the Florida Straits off Jacksonville.

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The Annual Cycle Of The Gulf Loop Current Part I: Observations During A One-Year Time Series, George A. Maul Jan 1977

The Annual Cycle Of The Gulf Loop Current Part I: Observations During A One-Year Time Series, George A. Maul

Journal of Marine Research

The Gulf Loop Current is that portion of the Gulf Stream System which connects the Yucatan Current and the Florida Current in the eastern Gulf of Mexico. An experiment to test the annual cycle proposed by Leipper (1970) was conducted from August, 1972, through September, 1973. Twelve pathlines of the 22°C isotherm at 100 meters depth were made from Yucatan to the Florida Keys at 36-day intervals in conjunction with a satellite oceanography project....

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Scales Of Motion In The Deep Gulf Stream And Across The Continental Rise, James R. Luyten Jan 1977

Scales Of Motion In The Deep Gulf Stream And Across The Continental Rise, James R. Luyten

Journal of Marine Research

An array of 15 moorings with 33 current meters was deployed in the deep water across the Continental Rise near 70°W for eight months. The data thus obtained provide the first synoptic view of the large amplitude, long period variability associated with the deep Gulf Stream region, shown here to have meridional scales of 150 km but zonal scales of less than 50 km. These fluctuations are associated with temperature variation of 0.5°C and exhibit a southward phase propagation of 10 cm/sec.

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Absorption Of An Organic Film At The Platinum-Seawater Interface, George I. Loeb, Rex A. Neihof Jan 1977

Absorption Of An Organic Film At The Platinum-Seawater Interface, George I. Loeb, Rex A. Neihof

Journal of Marine Research

Optical polarization analysis with an ellipsometer and microelectrophoretic and contact angle measurements all indicate that large changes in the properties of the platinum metal surface occurred on contact with Chesapeake Bay water from which particles and microorganisms had been removed. These changes were not observed with the same water from which organics had been removed by a photo-oxidation procedure....

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Diatoms As Tools For Assay Of Total B12 Activity And Cyanocobalamin Activity In Sea Water, Dorothy G. Swift, Robert R.L. Guillard Jan 1977

Diatoms As Tools For Assay Of Total B12 Activity And Cyanocobalamin Activity In Sea Water, Dorothy G. Swift, Robert R.L. Guillard

Journal of Marine Research

The total cobamide concentration (vitamin B12 plus B12 analogs active for some organisms) can be determined in sea water by bioassay utilizing growth of the centric diatom Bellerochea polymorpha clone 675-d. Vitamin B12 activity can be determined by bioassay utilizing Thalassiosira pseudonana clone 3H; hence the activity of vitamin B12 analogs can be determined by difference....

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Methods For Estimating Directional Wave Spectra From Multi-Element Arrays, Russ E. Davis, Lloyd A. Regier Jan 1977

Methods For Estimating Directional Wave Spectra From Multi-Element Arrays, Russ E. Davis, Lloyd A. Regier

Journal of Marine Research

1. Introduction The Fourier wavenumber-frequency spectrum of a scalar variable η, with zero mean, is defined…

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Relationships Between The Bivalve Macoma Balthica And Bacteria In Intertidal Sediments: Minas Basin, Bay Of Fundy, Verena Tunnicliffe, Michael J. Risk Jan 1977

Relationships Between The Bivalve Macoma Balthica And Bacteria In Intertidal Sediments: Minas Basin, Bay Of Fundy, Verena Tunnicliffe, Michael J. Risk

Journal of Marine Research

The extensive intertidal flats of the Minas Basin, Bay of Fundy, support some of the highest population densities of Macoma balthica ever recorded. Densities of Macoma are positively correlated with density of bacteria in the sediment; correlations with tidal elevation and organic carbon content of the sediment are not significant. Macoma density appears to be related to the amount of fine material present in the sediment. Although Macoma feeds on the bacteria within the sediment, it must supplement its diet by suspension-feeding during high tide in order to acquire sufficient protein.

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Observations Of The Power And Directional Spectrum Of Ocean Surface Waves, Lloyd A. Regier, Russ E. Davis Jan 1977

Observations Of The Power And Directional Spectrum Of Ocean Surface Waves, Lloyd A. Regier, Russ E. Davis

Journal of Marine Research

Estimates of the power spectrum and directional spectrum of oceanic surface waves were obtained from data taken during the Barbados Oceanographic and Meteorological Experiment (BOMEX). Wind speeds ranged from 5 to 10 m s-1 throughout the month's duration of the experiment....

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The Respiration Of Photosynthetic Carbon In Eutrophic Areas Of The Ocean, Walker O. Smith Jr. Jan 1977

The Respiration Of Photosynthetic Carbon In Eutrophic Areas Of The Ocean, Walker O. Smith Jr.

Journal of Marine Research

The respiration of photosynthetic carbon by phytoplankton populations from upwelling regions was calculated from the difference in 6- and 24-h productivity incubations after the light intensity received in the 6-h incubations had been normalized to the light intensity received in 24 h. The results indicate that the phytoplankton off Northwest Africa respired 13.4% of the previously fixed photosynthetic carbon. A direct experimental test of the results confirms the calculations....

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Note On The Significance Of A Previous Rossby Wave Fit To Internal Temperature Fluctuations In The Eastern Pacific, Lorenz Magaard, James M. Price Jan 1977

Note On The Significance Of A Previous Rossby Wave Fit To Internal Temperature Fluctuations In The Eastern Pacific, Lorenz Magaard, James M. Price

Journal of Marine Research

This note refers to a paper by Emery and Magaard (1976), where it was shown that low frequency internal temperature fluctuations in parts of the Eastern Pacific can, to a large extent, be interpreted by a baroclinic Rossby wave model. Fitting a generalized wave model to the same data used by Emery and Magaard shows that the Rossby wave model yields not only a good but, in a certain sense, the best fit, which reinforces the case for the existence of baroclinic Rossby waves in the Eastern Pacific Ocean.

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Evidence For Interior Dissipation And Mixing During A Coastal Upwelling Event Off Oregon, Dong-Ping Wang, Christopher N.K. Mooers Jan 1977

Evidence For Interior Dissipation And Mixing During A Coastal Upwelling Event Off Oregon, Dong-Ping Wang, Christopher N.K. Mooers

Journal of Marine Research

During a strong, wind-driven, coastal upwelling event in July, 1973, off Oregon, large variations occurred in the properties of inertial-internal waves and water masses. At the peak of the event, the semidiurnal internal tide, which had significant amplitude during the spin-up phase, disappeared almost completely at mid-shelf. During the relaxation phase, near-inertial motions and anomalously warm water appeared at mid-depth in the upwelling zone....

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On The Sampling Requirements For Measuring Moments Of Eddy Variability, G. R. Flierl, J. C. Mcwilliams Jan 1977

On The Sampling Requirements For Measuring Moments Of Eddy Variability, G. R. Flierl, J. C. Mcwilliams

Journal of Marine Research

The expected errors in first and second moments (means, variances, and covariances) calculated from data records of finite length are analyzed, using formulae based on the spectra. The physical processes from which the data are taken are assumed to be stationary and quasinormal. Asymptotic approximations to these errors (in inverse powers of the record length) are also discussed and compared with the exact expressions....

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Repeated Nutrient, Oxygen, And Density Sections Through The Loop Current, John M. Morrison, Worth D. Nowlin Jr. Jan 1977

Repeated Nutrient, Oxygen, And Density Sections Through The Loop Current, John M. Morrison, Worth D. Nowlin Jr.

Journal of Marine Research

Based on observations made in May, 1972, the nutrient and dissolved-oxygen concentrations in the offshore waters of the eastern Gulf of Mexico are described and related to the Loop Current and anticyclonic current rings, which are the principal circulation features of this region. The characteristic relationships of oxygen and nutrients to density parameters are presented...

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Upper Layer Hydrographic Conditions At The Yucatan Strait During May, 1972, Robert L. Molinari, Robert E. Yager Jan 1977

Upper Layer Hydrographic Conditions At The Yucatan Strait During May, 1972, Robert L. Molinari, Robert E. Yager

Journal of Marine Research

Average hydrographic conditions above 800m, including temperature, salinity, velocity, and volume transport, across the Yucatan Strait, during May, 1972, are presented. Direct current measurements at the surface are used as an absolute reference level for the geostrophic computations....

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On The Deep General Circulation In The Western North Atlantic, William J. Schmitz Jr. Jan 1977

On The Deep General Circulation In The Western North Atlantic, William J. Schmitz Jr.

Journal of Marine Research

Very large (5-10 cm s-1) long-term averaged zonal flows have been observed near 4000 m depth in the vicinity of a recently hypothesized (Worthington, in press) horizontally restricted subtropical gyre in the deep western North Atlantic. The Reynolds stresses associated with low frequency fluctuations may play a significant role in the dynamics of this deep mean flow, possibly inducing a significant downstream increase in transport of the Gulf Stream, perhaps driving the deep gyre.

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Low-Frequency Current Variability And Spin-Off Eddies Along The Shelf Off Southeast Florida, Thomas N. Lee, Dennis A. Mayer Jan 1977

Low-Frequency Current Variability And Spin-Off Eddies Along The Shelf Off Southeast Florida, Thomas N. Lee, Dennis A. Mayer

Journal of Marine Research

Time series analyses of current meter records from a 6-element box array installed on the narrow shelf (<5 km) off Miami, Florida revealed two distinct current regimes. Current oscillations at the shelf break (30m isobath) appeared to be primarily produced by Florida Current spawned events, such as low frequency (periods of 2 days to 2 weeks) wave-like meanders of the Florida Current and the transient occurrence of small diameter spin-off eddies, both of which may be indirectly related to wind forcing....

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Coral Growth In Upwelling And Nonupwelling Areas Off The Pacific Coast Of Panama, Peter W. Glynn Jan 1977

Coral Growth In Upwelling And Nonupwelling Areas Off The Pacific Coast Of Panama, Peter W. Glynn

Journal of Marine Research

The mean growth rate of the dominant reef-building coral Pocillopora damicornis was significantly different in upwelling (Gulf of Panama) and nonupwelling (Gulf of Chiriquí) environments on the Pacific coast of Panama. Mean annual growth was 3.1 cm/yr at Saboga Island, Gulf of Panama and 3.9 cm/yr at the Secas study site, Gulf of Chiriquí....

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Particulate Organic Matter In Surface Waters Off Southern California And Its Relationship To Phytoplankton, R. W. Eppley, W. G. Harrison, S. W. Chisholm, E. Stewart Jan 1977

Particulate Organic Matter In Surface Waters Off Southern California And Its Relationship To Phytoplankton, R. W. Eppley, W. G. Harrison, S. W. Chisholm, E. Stewart

Journal of Marine Research

Particulate carbon, nitrogen, chlorophyll a, adenosine triphosphate, particle count and particle volume were measured in the euphotic zone during six quarterly cruises (between September, 1974, and March, 1976) in the Southern California Bight. The distribution and quantitative relationships among these parameters were examined in an attempt to estimate the relative contributions of plankton to the total particulate matter....

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Tidally Induced Residual Currents In Estuaries Of Constant Breadth And Depth, John P. Ianniello Jan 1977

Tidally Induced Residual Currents In Estuaries Of Constant Breadth And Depth, John P. Ianniello

Journal of Marine Research

Two-dimensional analytic solutions are derived, as a function of depth and longitudinal distance, for the Eulerian and Lagrangian residual currents induced in narrow tidal channels of constant breadth, depth and rectangular cross-section by the nonlinear interactions of the first order tides. The turbulence is represented by several different vertically variable eddy viscosity models chosen to bracket the range of likely vertical variation....

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The Effects Of Coastal Geometry On Equatorial Waves (Forced Waves In The Gulf Of Guinea), S. G.H. Philander Jan 1977

The Effects Of Coastal Geometry On Equatorial Waves (Forced Waves In The Gulf Of Guinea), S. G.H. Philander

Journal of Marine Research

The response of a stratified, semi-infinite equatorial ocean, bounded by a zonal coast close to the equator, to forcing at a given frequency and zonal wavenumber, is considered. If the coast is distant from the equator, the vertically propagating waves that are excited could include an infinite set of inertia-gravity waves, a finite set of Rossby waves, a Rossby-gravity wave and a coastally or equatorially trapped Kelvin wave....

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Adult-Larval Interactions In Dense Infaunal Assemblages: Patterns Of Abundance, Sarah Ann Woodin Jan 1976

Adult-Larval Interactions In Dense Infaunal Assemblages: Patterns Of Abundance, Sarah Ann Woodin

Journal of Marine Research

Dense assemblages of infauna! organisms are of three types: burrowing deposit feeders, suspension feeders, and tube builders. Such assemblages are discrete, often age-class dominated, and have sharp boundaries with neighboring assemblages. The hypothesis presented is that the sharp boundaries observed among assemblage types and the maintenance of these discrete dense assemblages in infauna! systems is due to interactions among the established infaunal individuals and settling larvae....

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