Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Oceans

Discipline
Institution
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type

Articles 1591 - 1620 of 2515

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Foraminifera As Prey For Benthic Deposit Feeders: Results Of Predator Exclusion Experiments, Martin A. Buzas Jan 1978

Foraminifera As Prey For Benthic Deposit Feeders: Results Of Predator Exclusion Experiments, Martin A. Buzas

Journal of Marine Research

To assess the importance of predation on foraminifera, a meiofaunal enclosure with openings of 1 mm containing 30 l of azoic sand was placed in a subtidal flat at Link Port, Florida in February 1976. During March, April, May, and June 1976, 4 replicate samples were taken inside and outside the cage. Foraminiferal densities were significantly higher inside the cage indicating foraminiferal densities are higher in the absence of macrofaunal predators....

Go to article

New Resource Axes For Deposit Feeders?, Robert F.L. Self, Peter A. Jumars Jan 1978

New Resource Axes For Deposit Feeders?, Robert F.L. Self, Peter A. Jumars

Journal of Marine Research

Recent work on selectivity in deposit feeders has focused on the importance of particle size. In field experiments with exotic sediments of known characteristics (glass beads), we demonstrate that selective ingestion in a multitentaculate, surface deposit feeding ampharetid polychaete depends upon particle specific gravities and surface textures. The degree of selectivity for specific gravity is shown to be dependent upon worm size....

Go to article

Internal Wave Observations Off Isle Verte, R. Grant Ingram Jan 1978

Internal Wave Observations Off Isle Verte, R. Grant Ingram

Journal of Marine Research

A comparison is made between series of high frequency internal waves observed in the St. Lawrence estuary from an aircraft and in a field program at a later date. Wave generation is associated with the propagation of a warm surface front during each ebb flow. The number of waves, as evidenced by surface slicks, is thought to vary as does the stability of the upper layer of the water column.

Go to article

Observations Of Energetic Low Frequency Current Fluctuations In The Charlie-Gibbs Fracture Zone, William J. Schmitz Jr., Nelson G. Hogg Jan 1978

Observations Of Energetic Low Frequency Current Fluctuations In The Charlie-Gibbs Fracture Zone, William J. Schmitz Jr., Nelson G. Hogg

Journal of Marine Research

Relatively energetic low frequency fluctuations in horizontal currents are found to exist below the thermocline in the northern trough of the Charlie-Gibbs Fracture Zone. For example, deep eddy kinetic energy levels there are about twice as large as those observed at similar relative depths in the MODE-I region. Eddy kinetic energies are about 2-10 times larger than mean kinetic energies....

Go to article

Space-Time Structure Of A Continental Shelf Ecosystem Measured By A Towed Porpoising Vehicle, Kenneth L. Denman, Alex W. Herman Jan 1978

Space-Time Structure Of A Continental Shelf Ecosystem Measured By A Towed Porpoising Vehicle, Kenneth L. Denman, Alex W. Herman

Journal of Marine Research

During August, 1975, an experiment was carried out in the eastern Gulf of Maine with the Batfish, a towed undulating body, on which were mounted an in situ fluorometer and a conductivity-temperature-depth probe. The Batfish cycled between depths of about 4 and 40 m with a cycle length of order 0.6 km....

Go to article

The Equation Of State Of Seawater Determined From Sound Speeds, Chen-Tung Chen, Frank J. Millero Jan 1978

The Equation Of State Of Seawater Determined From Sound Speeds, Chen-Tung Chen, Frank J. Millero

Journal of Marine Research

The PVT properties of seawater were calculated from the sound speed data of Chen and Millero (1977d) over the range of 0 to 40%. salinity, 0 to 40°C, and 0 to 1000 bars….

Go to article

Nitrate Reductase Activity In The Subsurface Waters Of The Peru Current, T. T. Packard, R. C. Dugdale, J. J. Goering, R. T. Barber Jan 1978

Nitrate Reductase Activity In The Subsurface Waters Of The Peru Current, T. T. Packard, R. C. Dugdale, J. J. Goering, R. T. Barber

Journal of Marine Research

In March 1976 and 1977, nitrate reductase, nitrate, nitrite, and oxygen were measured between depths of 30 and 250m in the subsurface waters overlying the Peruvian continental shelf and shelf edge at 15S latitude. Oxygen concentrations of less than 1 ml/1 began between 20 and 30m in both years. The oxygen deficient waters extended to the bottom on the shelf and to 440m at the shelf edge....

Go to article

Structure Of Kuroshio South Of Japan, Bruce A. Taft Jan 1978

Structure Of Kuroshio South Of Japan, Bruce A. Taft

Journal of Marine Research

In June-July 1971 four deep hydrographic sections were made across the Kuroshio south of Japan, eight near-bottom current meters were placed under the Kuroshio on the continental slope, and the near-surface current structure was measured by XBT mapping of the temperature field and tracking four surface drogues....

Go to article

Observations Of The Vertical Distribution Of Low Frequency Kinetic Energy In The Western North Atlantic, William J. Schmitz Jr. Jan 1978

Observations Of The Vertical Distribution Of Low Frequency Kinetic Energy In The Western North Atlantic, William J. Schmitz Jr.

Journal of Marine Research

Eddy or low frequency (periods greater than a day) kinetic energy per unit mass (KE) in the western North Atlantic is observed to increase approaching the Gulf Stream system along 55W longitude from the interior of the subtropical gyre, by a factor of 30 in the thermocline and by over two orders of magnitude at 4000 m depth....

Go to article

Biogeochemistry Of Tube-Dwellings: A Study Of The Sedentary Polychaete Amphitrite Ornata (Leidy), Robert C. Aller, Josephine Y. Yingst Jan 1978

Biogeochemistry Of Tube-Dwellings: A Study Of The Sedentary Polychaete Amphitrite Ornata (Leidy), Robert C. Aller, Josephine Y. Yingst

Journal of Marine Research

Most studies of near interface sediments assume that chemically and biologicalJy important properties are stratified vertically in a deposit. Sampling patterns reflect this assumption and little attention has been paid to three-dimensional heterogeneity. In this study the effects of burrow structures formed by Amphitrite ornata on the distribution of physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of a deposit are investigated....

Go to article

Bottom Frictional Stresses And Longshore Currents Due To Waves With Large Angles Of Incidence, Philip L-F. Liu, Robert A. Dalrymple Jan 1978

Bottom Frictional Stresses And Longshore Currents Due To Waves With Large Angles Of Incidence, Philip L-F. Liu, Robert A. Dalrymple

Journal of Marine Research

The analytical forms of the time-averaged bottom shear stress are developed in this paper. The effects of the angle between the direction of wave propagation and the mean currents, and a large angle of wave incidence are included in the study. Two different friction models were obtained based on the relative magnitudes of wave orbital velocity and that of mean currents. These two friction models are applied to longshore currents generated by obliquely incident waves....

Go to article

Harpacticoid Dispersion Patterns: Implications For Deep-Sea Diversity Maintenance, David Thistle Jan 1978

Harpacticoid Dispersion Patterns: Implications For Deep-Sea Diversity Maintenance, David Thistle

Journal of Marine Research

Several models have been proposed to explain high macrofaunal diversity in the deep-sea benthos, but a mechanistic explanation of the maintenance of the enhanced diversity has not been demonstrated. This paper seeks evidence in meiofaunal harpacticoid copepod species' dispersion patterns of evidence of spatial scales at which diversity-maintaining processes act. Evidence of nonrandom dispersion is found at "100 meter," "meter" and "centimeter" scales of sample separation....

Go to article

Semi-Daily Fluctuations In Geopotential Off The Washington Coast, H. O. Mofjeld, R. K. Reed Jan 1978

Semi-Daily Fluctuations In Geopotential Off The Washington Coast, H. O. Mofjeld, R. K. Reed

Journal of Marine Research

Fluctuations in geopotential anomaly at eight 12-hr time-series stations off Washington appeared to result from semi-daily internal tides propagating seaward from the shelf break. Comparison of the observations with computations suggests the existence of a first mode wave. The oscillations did not appreciably decay offshore, perhaps as a result of bathymetric focusing.

Go to article

On The Generation Of Internal Waves By Tidal Flow Over A Sill----A Possible Nonlinear Mechanism, B. L. Blackford Jan 1978

On The Generation Of Internal Waves By Tidal Flow Over A Sill----A Possible Nonlinear Mechanism, B. L. Blackford

Journal of Marine Research

The generation of internal waves in a two layer tidal channel containing a sill is considered. The distorted free surface associated with the locally accelerated tidal flow in the vicinity of the sill is assumed to be the driving force for internal waves. A simplified, nonrigorous model, which incorporates this forcing mechanism, is developed and predicts that internal waves should be generated at twice the tidal frequency as well as at the tidal frequency....

Go to article

Reynolds Stress And Deep Counter-Currents Near The Gulf Stream, Rory O.R.Y. Thompson Jan 1978

Reynolds Stress And Deep Counter-Currents Near The Gulf Stream, Rory O.R.Y. Thompson

Journal of Marine Research

Comparatively detailed current meter array observations of a dynamically interesting region of the ocean have been reported recently (Luyten, 1977; Thompson, 1977). This note will discuss a simple interpretation of the Reynolds stresses and mean currents reported, namely that the Reynolds stress convergences drive the countercurrents as well as the Gulf Stream.

Go to article

The Circulation Near The Head Of Chesapeake Bay, Alan J. Elliott, Dong-Ping Wang, Donald W. Pritchard Jan 1978

The Circulation Near The Head Of Chesapeake Bay, Alan J. Elliott, Dong-Ping Wang, Donald W. Pritchard

Journal of Marine Research

Three-month long current records are examined for a position near the head of the Chesapeake Bay. For time scales longer than 5 days the flow was determined by the strength of the Susquehanna discharge. A major event was Tropical Storm Eloise which occurred near the middle of the observation period and whose influence dominated the current spectra....

Go to article

A Mathematical Model For The Distribution Of Dissolved Silicon In Interstitial Waters----An Analytical Approach, George T.F. Wong, Chester E. Grosch Jan 1978

A Mathematical Model For The Distribution Of Dissolved Silicon In Interstitial Waters----An Analytical Approach, George T.F. Wong, Chester E. Grosch

Journal of Marine Research

A mathematical model for the distribution of dissolved silicon in interstitial waters is studied. This model includes the input flux of particulate silicon, bioturbation, the dissolution of silicon particles, and the diffusion of dissolved silicon in the interstitial water. It is shown that the model reduces to a nonlinear eigenvalue problem. This problem is shown to have only one eigenvalue which is determined by the solution of a simple algebraic equation....

Go to article

The Coblamed Satellite Buoy Experiment: A Measure Of Small Scale Horizontal Variability In The Upper Layer, David H. Shonting, Alan T. Massey Jan 1978

The Coblamed Satellite Buoy Experiment: A Measure Of Small Scale Horizontal Variability In The Upper Layer, David H. Shonting, Alan T. Massey

Journal of Marine Research

A satellite buoy experiment, which was conducted during COBLAMED in the Western Mediterranean, consisted of a thermistor buoy tethered to an identical moored buoy in a mean current at separation distances of 100 and 400 m in order to observe the dependence of small scale variability upon internal waves and advection and to register time and depth variability of horizontal coherence. The two 18-hour records showed distinct warm and cold pulses which traversed the separations with the mean current and preserved their shapes....

Go to article

Limits Of Nematoscelis Megalops In The Northwestern Atlantic In Relation To Gulf Stream Cold Core Rings. I.Horizontal And Vertical Distributions, Peter H. Wiebe, Steven H. Boyd Jan 1978

Limits Of Nematoscelis Megalops In The Northwestern Atlantic In Relation To Gulf Stream Cold Core Rings. I.Horizontal And Vertical Distributions, Peter H. Wiebe, Steven H. Boyd

Journal of Marine Research

The hydrographic limit of the distribution of Nematoscelis megalops in the Northwestern Atlantic Ocean is usually marked by the abrupt changes in water properties across the Gulf Stream. There are, however, isolated but repeated occurrences of this species in the Sargasso Sea. In our study, individuals in the Sargasso Sea were expatriates from the Slope Water which had been transported to the collection site by Gulf Stream cold core rings with but two exceptions. The exceptional cases can be indirectly linked to the presence of rings....

Go to article

Energetics Of The Florida Current, Irving H. Brooks, Pearn P. Niiler Jan 1977

Energetics Of The Florida Current, Irving H. Brooks, Pearn P. Niiler

Journal of Marine Research

During the summer of 1974, fifty free-drop transport profiles and STD/XBT profiles were carried out in the Florida Current at 14 stations along the 25°51.00'N latitude. From these data and from the historical free-drop data 12 km to the south, a computation is made of the energy flow from the mean current to the fluctuations over the entire cross-section of the Florida Straits. Statistically significant areas of both potential and kinetic energy conversion are computed....

Go to article

Simultaneous Pressure, Velocity And Temperature Measurements In The Florida Straits, Carl Wunsch, Mark Wimbush Jan 1977

Simultaneous Pressure, Velocity And Temperature Measurements In The Florida Straits, Carl Wunsch, Mark Wimbush

Journal of Marine Research

We present a descriptive picture of the variability in the Florida Current as measured by a large number of current meters, temperature sensors, and bottom mounted pressure sensors in the period March-August, 1974. Because of the very high velocities, only measurements made in the near-bottom region were possible. The tidal regime is found to be somewhat more complex than postulated from earlier measurements....

Go to article

Low-Frequency Variability In The Florida Current And Relations To Atmospheric Forcing From 1972 To 1974, Walter O. Düing, Christopher N.K. Mooers, Thomas N. Lee Jan 1977

Low-Frequency Variability In The Florida Current And Relations To Atmospheric Forcing From 1972 To 1974, Walter O. Düing, Christopher N.K. Mooers, Thomas N. Lee

Journal of Marine Research

Two-year records of temperature and current from a single subsurface mooring are demonstrated to be representative of the fluctuation spectrum of the Florida Current for time scales of several days to one or more years. The dominant subinertial motions occur in three period bands: from 8 to 25 days, 4 to 5 days, and 2 to 3 days. Simultaneous observations in a crossstream array reveal energy maxima in the same bands for all locations....

Go to article

Vertical Variation In Particulate Matter In The Upper Twenty Centimeters Of Marine Sediments, Ralph Gordon Johnson Jan 1977

Vertical Variation In Particulate Matter In The Upper Twenty Centimeters Of Marine Sediments, Ralph Gordon Johnson

Journal of Marine Research

A microscopic examination was made of the vertical distribution and abundance of particulate matter in six dissimilar cores of marine sediment. Two of the cores were taken in the intertidal and two in the shallow subtidal at stations in the vicinity of Woods Hole, Massachusetts. One core was taken in the Hudson Canyon and another at abyssal depths. Biological stains were used to identify potential food particles at the sediment-water interface, at two cm below the interface and at five cm intervals to a maximum depth of 20 cm.

Go to article

Zonal Pressure Gradient Along The Equatorial Atlantic, Eli Joel Katz, R. Belevitsch, J. Bruce, V. Bubnov, J. Cochrane, W. Düing, P. Hisard, H.-U. Lass, J. Meincke, A. Demesquita, L. Miller, A. Rybnikov Jan 1977

Zonal Pressure Gradient Along The Equatorial Atlantic, Eli Joel Katz, R. Belevitsch, J. Bruce, V. Bubnov, J. Cochrane, W. Düing, P. Hisard, H.-U. Lass, J. Meincke, A. Demesquita, L. Miller, A. Rybnikov

Journal of Marine Research

For three consecutive periods during the summer of 1974, ships of many nations made observations along the Atlantic equator as part of the GATE program [GARP (Global Atmospheric Research Program) Atlantic Tropical Experiment]. Combining these observations, it is found that the zonal pressure gradient over the central Atlantic at the surface and at 50 dbar, relative to 500 dbar, increased from 3.2 to 7.3 and 2.2 to 5.3 × 10-5 dynes/g respectively between June/July and August and then held close to the high values in September....

Go to article

Latitudinal Relationships Among Temperature And Selected Plant Nutrients Along The West Coast Of North And South America, S.-J. Zentara, D. Kamykowski Jan 1977

Latitudinal Relationships Among Temperature And Selected Plant Nutrients Along The West Coast Of North And South America, S.-J. Zentara, D. Kamykowski

Journal of Marine Research

The relationships among temperature and selected plant nutrients (nitrate, phosphate and silicate) were determined in marine waters for 10° latitudinal (longitudinal) bands along the west coast of North and South America. Data within each 10° band were obtained from the U.S. National Oceanographic Data Center, the Canadian Oceanographic Data Center or major oceanographic institutions....

Go to article

Calculation Of Equatorial Currents, Yu. L. Demin, A. S. Sarkisyan Jan 1977

Calculation Of Equatorial Currents, Yu. L. Demin, A. S. Sarkisyan

Journal of Marine Research

Many calculations of the stationary and seasonal currents in the nonequatorial regions of the oceans have been done using an earlier model published by Sarkisyan (1969). The references list several new publications in this series (Bulatov et al.; Demin, 1975). The detailed analysis and survey of the diagnostic calculations were published recently in English (Sarkisyan, 1977)....

Go to article

Community Patterns And Adaptive Strategies Of The Infaunal Benthos Of Long Island Sound, Peter L. Mccall Jan 1977

Community Patterns And Adaptive Strategies Of The Infaunal Benthos Of Long Island Sound, Peter L. Mccall

Journal of Marine Research

Nearshore communities of infaunal benthos on soft bottoms are characterized by a highly variable species composition. Some species undergo large spatial and temporal variations in local abundance; other members of the same community change only a little....

Go to article

Interaction Of Inertia-Gravity Waves With The Wind, Melvin E. Stern Jan 1977

Interaction Of Inertia-Gravity Waves With The Wind, Melvin E. Stern

Journal of Marine Research

An inertia-gravity wave which propagates upwind and upward in the thermocline has a reflection coefficient r which is greater than unity ("overreflection") as a result of the wave current interaction in the mixed layer which overlies the thermocline….

Go to article

A Model Of Phytoplankton Plume Formation During Variable Oregon Upwelling, J. S. Wroblewski Jan 1977

A Model Of Phytoplankton Plume Formation During Variable Oregon Upwelling, J. S. Wroblewski

Journal of Marine Research

A time dependent, two-dimensional, marine ecosystem model relates wind events, upwelling, and primary production off the Oregon coast. Model predictions of daily primary production (mg N m-2 day-1) increase soon after an intensification of the northerly component of the wind stress. Paradoxically the highest phytoplankton concentration occurs upon relaxation of winds after a major upwelling event....

Go to article

Forced Baroclinic Ocean Motions: Ii. The Linear Equatorial Bounded Case, Mark A. Cane, E. S. Sarachik Jan 1977

Forced Baroclinic Ocean Motions: Ii. The Linear Equatorial Bounded Case, Mark A. Cane, E. S. Sarachik

Journal of Marine Research

This paper extends the results of Cane and Sarachik (1976) to an ocean bounded by two meridians. A complete solution is obtained for the asymptotic linear inviscid response to wind stress and thermal forcings independent of longitude, switched on at t=0 and steady thereafter. The mathematics is greatly simplified by building on the results of the earlier paper. The form of the solution is relatively simple...

Go to article

First Prev Next Last