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Developments In The Agricultural Sector During The Second Quarter Of 1989, Central Bank Of Nigeria Cbn

Economic and Financial Review

There was a renewed optimism during the quarter that substantial growth in output could occur during the year, if the improvement in weather conditions and production environment was sustained. Available data showed that average monthly rainfall during the quarter was 177.53mm, representing a substantial rise over the 15 .4mm of the preceding quarter (which experienced an unusually prolonged dry spell) and about 18.3 per cent over the level of 150.1mm in the corresponding period of 1988. The distribution pattern showed that all the states of the Federation recorded rains during the quarter.

G89-901 Understand Your Soil Test: Sulfur, K.D. Frank, Delno Knudsen

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Factors leading to sulfur deficiency, soil and water tests, soil test interpretation and fertilizer materials that contain sulfur are covered here.

Sulfur, one of the macro-nutrients, may be deficient in some sandy soils but usually is plentiful in other soils of the state. The amounts contained by healthy crops are on the same order as phosphorus, ranging from 0.2 percent to .5 percent sulfur. It is a component of certain amino acids, and so is part of several proteins essential for plants and animals.

Concerning Changes In The Procedures For The Collection Of License Fees For The Colorado Sheep And Wool Board And For The Control Of Predatory Animals, Colorado General Assembly

Session Laws 1951-2000

No abstract provided.

Concerning Diseased Livestock, Colorado General Assembly

Session Laws 1951-2000

No abstract provided.

G89-912 Alfalfa Crown And Root Rots And Stand Longevity, John E. Watkins, Fred A. Gray, Bruce Anderson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Causes of crown and upper root rot, symptoms and management are discussed here.

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is the most important forage crop species in North America. It is widely adapted, energy efficient, and produces the most protein yield per acre. Alfalfa is well-suited to both dryland and irrigationd soils of Nebraska.

Many factors contribute to the decline in productivity of an alfalfa stand. Under favorable growing conditions and proper management, alfalfa stands in Nebraska can last over 10 years.

G89-937 The Pesticide Label, Larry D. Schulze, Shripat T. Kamble

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide describes the parts of a pesticide label to aid understanding and promote safe and effective use of pesticide products.

Pesticide information can be provided to end users through labels and labeling. Not all pesticide products have labeling. While the words are similar, they have distinctly different meanings.

G89-900 Phytophthora Root Rot Of Alfalfa, John E. Watkins, Fred A. Gray, Bruce Anderson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Disease cycle, symptoms and management practices for phytophthora root rot are discussed in this NebGuide.

Phytophthora root rot (PRR) is a major cause of seedling death in newly established alfalfa, and causes a progressive decline of established stands in Nebraska. This disease is caused by the fungus Phytophthora megasperma f. sp. medicaginis and occurs in most of the alfalfa producing areas in North America.

The Phytophthora that infects alfalfa is different from the Phytophthora that causes root rot in soybeans. Growers sometimes think the two diseases are the same for the respective crops, but they are two different diseases with …

G88-892 Mixing Quality Pig Feed (Revised July 1992), Duane Reese, Mike Brumm

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Pig feed quality problems and mixing recommendations are covered here. Feed ingredients represent over 60 percent of the total cost of farrow-finish pork production and 65-70 percent of the variable expenses. Attention to quality preparation, in addition to purchasing decisions, is a component of feed ingredient cost management. Errors in formulation, misuse of feed mixing equipment, use of poor quality feed ingredients or lack of a quality assurance program can have costly consequences.

Comparison Of Clinical Isolates Of Klebsiella Pneumoniae To Klebsiella Sp. Isolated From Summer Harvested Eastern Oysters, Crassostrea Virginica (Gmelin)., Thomas Elbert Graham

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Suspected environmental fecal coliform positive Klebsiella sp. oyster isolates were analyzed and compared to human clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Oyster isolates were urease negative (at 24 hours) and were identified as K. pneumoniae using API 20E biochemical test strips. The ability to produce fecal coliform reactions was lost by 65% of the oyster isolates after undergoing several passages on brain-heart-infusion agar at 20$\sp\circ$ to 25$\sp\circ$C. Tests with 4-methylumbelliferyl-B-d-glucuronide (MUG) found both oyster and clinical isolates to be MUG negative. Moles % guanine plus cytosine (mol% G + C) information indicated that oyster isolates had mol% G + C values …

Vegetative Compatibility Groups Of Fusarium Oxysporum F. Sp. Lycopersici And Nonpathogenic Strains Of F. Oxysporum And An Isozyme Analysis Of Pathogenic Populations., Karol Sue Elias

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

A worldwide collection of 112 isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL) from tomato was examined for pathogenicity, colony morphology, vegetative compatibility, and isozyme polymorphism. There were no correlations among colony morphology with age of culture, race, vegetative compatibility group (VCG), or geographic origin. Vegetative compatibility group 0030 contained all three races of FOL from throughout the world and all colony morphology types. Vegetative compatibility groups 0031 and 0032 contained races 1 and 2, but their geographic ranges were somewhat more limited. In addition, 50 isolates of FOL were the sole members of their own VCGs. Thus, there was …

Agrobacterium Tumefaciens - Mediated Transfer Of Plant Dna For Gene Expression Analysis., Woo Sung Lee

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Agrobacterium tumefaciens causes crown gall tumor primarily in dicotyledonous plants. The infection mechanism reveals that a portion of bacterial DNA (T-DNA) is transferred into the plant nuclear genome. This transformation system is widely utilized in plant genetic engineering and plant molecular biology. In this dissertation, two experiments were carried out. First, the copy number, physical structure and F1 segregations of T-DNA copies were analyzed, attempting to understand the mode of T-DNA integration into the plant genome. While the mechanism of Agrobacterium response to plant signals and generation and transfer of T-DNA intermediates through actions of virulence genes is generally understood, …

Rice Bran Stabilization By Improved Internal And External Heating Methods., Jiaxun Tao

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Rice bran stabilization was conducted by internal (microwave), external (oven drying and steam retorting) heating and non-heating ($\sp{60}$Co irradiation) treatments to improve currently used methods. Two commercial rice varieties cultivated in Louisiana, one long grain (Lemont) and a medium grain (Nato), were milled to collect bran samples. The bran was analyzed for its proximate composition and various physical and thermal characteristics. The proximate composition for long and medium grain bran, respectively, was: moisture, 11.2% and 10.8%; protein, 16.07% and 16.20%; fat, 19.20% and 21.97%; crude fiber, 8.49% and 8.41%; ash, 9.23% and 9.46%; and nitrogen-free extract, 47.01% and 44.07%. Physical …

Evaluation Of Fish Meal Supplement On Physiological Response And Milking Performance In Lactating Dairy Cattle Under Heat Stress., George Mark Toups

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Twenty-four mid-lactation heat stressed dairy cows were paired in a completely randomized block design on basis of breed, age, lactation number, calving date, previous mild production and milk fat content in order to evaluate experimental responses. Test treatment was a 50:50 dry matter (DM) corn silage-concentrate diet supplemented with 4.75% DM specially-selected fish meal (FM). Animals were housed under natural summer conditions for the duration of a 70-d experimental period, commencing in mid-June. Low roughage diets were slightly below NRC requirements for both energy and crude protein. DM intake, milk fat content, and milk fat:milk lactose ratio were statistically significant, …

Concerning The Charges Levied By The State Board Of Stock Inspection, Colorado General Assembly

Session Laws 1951-2000

No abstract provided.

Concerning The Regulation Of The Slaughter, Processing, And Sale Of Meat Animals, Colorado General Assembly

Session Laws 1951-2000

No abstract provided.

Disclosure Checklists And Illustrative Financial Statements For Agricultural Cooperatives : A Financial Reporting Practice Aid, May 1989 Edition, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants. Technical Information Division, Richard Rikert

Industry Guides (AAGs), Risk Alerts, and Checklists

No abstract provided.

Disclosure Checklists And Illustrative Financial Statements For Agricultural Cooperatives: A Financial Reporting Practice Aid, November 1989 Edition, Richard Rikert

Industry Guides (AAGs), Risk Alerts, and Checklists

No abstract provided.

Ostertagia Ostertagi: Population Dynamics Under Pasture And Confinement Conditions With Particular Reference To The Inhibition Phenomenon., Carlos Solomon Eddi

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

This experiment was conducted to further define epidemiological events involved in the induction, duration and maturation phases of inhibited development of Ostertagia ostertagi in naturally infected calves and to characterize some aspects of the immune response associated with the inhibition phenomenon. During March, April and May 1988, 3 groups of 18 calves were grazed on the same experimental pasture for 3 weeks. At the end of each grazing period, 2 calves of each group were slaughtered for analysis of worm population; the remaining calves were divided into 2 subgroups of 8 calves. One subgroup was returned to pasture while the …

Behavior Of The American Alligator In A Louisiana Freshwater Marsh., William Lee Rootes

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Stomachs from 706 alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) harvested from a southern Louisiana fresh marsh in 1987 and 1988 were examined for web tags from smaller marked alligators. Alligators $$2.73 m TL) were significantly more cannibalistic than smaller alligators (P $<$ 0.0001). Males and females were cannibalized in the same proportion they occurred in the population. Cannibalism mortality appeared to be distributed proportionately among all cohorts in the 0.35-2.12 m TL size classes resulting in a relatively uniform reduction across the group. Cannibalism was found to be an important population regulating mechanism, accounting for an estimated 50.2% of total hatchling mortality and 70.1% of total mortality in age 11 months and older alligators. Male growth rates in both a palustrine marsh (Lacassine National Wildlife Refuge) and estuarine marsh (Rockefeller Refuge) marsh types were greater than female rates (P $<$ 0.0001). Growth rates and weight-length ratios of alligators in estuarine marsh were greater than those of alligators in palustrine marsh (P $<$ 0.0001). Age specific fecundity and survivorship rates of alligators in the palustrine marsh were less than alligators in the estuarine marsh. The home range size and activity pattern of adult female alligators of different reproductive status were compared among seasons of the year. Home range size (P = 0.54) and minimum average daily movement rates (P = 0.85) did not differ between nesting and non-nesting radio-collared females during the summer nesting season. No difference was found between females with and without broods in the two variables during the fall brooding season. Adult radio-collared female alligators ranged over larger areas and had greater daily average daily movement rates during the spring breeding season than during any other season of the year (P $<$ 0.01). Annual home range size of the 15 adult female alligators monitored during the study was 36.2 $\pm$ 42.6 (SD) ha.

In Vitro Screening Of Easter Lily (Lilium Longiflorum Thunb) For Resistance To Stem Rot Caused By Phytophthora Cactorum., Ola Abdel-Aziz Elshennawy

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Callus cultures were initiated using 0.5 cm bulb scale segments of Easter lily (Lilium longiflorum Thunb) cultured on a medium designated CI-1, which contained (per liter), 4.3 g Murashige and Skoog basal salts, 30 g sucrose, 8 g agar, 0.4 mg Thiamine, 100 mg myo-inositol, 2.5 mg 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 0.1 mg N-(phenyl-methyl)-1-H-purine-6-amine (BA). Calli derived from 3 cultivars of Easter lily, 'Ace', 'Harson' and 'Nellie White', susceptible to the fungus Phytophthora cactorum, were irradiated with UV light (25 erg mm$\sp{-2}$ s$\sp{-1}$) for 0-28 days at 4 day intervals. The calli were then subcultured for 4 weeks on CI-1 …

The Development Of A Fetal Uterine Cell In Vitro Coculture System For Mammalian Embryos., Klaus Enrique Wiemer

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

In Experiment I, 125 two-pronuclear murine ova were cultured in either Ham's F-10 plus l5% human serum (HF-10h), on a monolayer of human uterine fibroblasts (HUC) or fetal bovine uterine fibroblasts (FBUC). After 96 hours in culture, 2.4% embryos in HF-10h were viable compared with 45.2% and 61% for embryos on HUC and FBUC, respectively. Results suggest that monolayers were advantageous to medium alone for culturing murine embryos. Experiment II was conducted to assess the development of 117 bovine embryos in HF-10 (Treatment A), on a monolayer of FBUC (Treatment B) or hormone-pretreated FBUC (Treatment C). Embryo viability assessed at …

Studies On The Agrobacterium Mediated Transformation Of Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.) And Tobacco (Nicotiana Tabacum L.) With Antibacterial And High Essential Amino Acids Encoding Genes., Mehmet Selim Cetiner

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Tuber disks from four cultivars of Solanum tuberosum L. were cultured on a Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with B5 vitamins, 3.0% sucrose, 0.7% phytagar and ratios of indole-3-actyl-aspartic acid (IAAa) and zeatin riboside (ZR). No shoots were regenerated from Red LaSoda. Russet Burbank, Desiree, and LaBelle tuber disks produced shoots over a range of IAAa and ZR ratios. The greatest number of shoots was regenerated from Russet Burbank at 1 $\mu$M IAAa and 8 $\mu$M ZR. Different potato cultivars were also tested for their responses to Agrobacterium infections. Growth stage of the bacterial cultures and exposure duration of tuber …

Toxicity Of Permethrin To Procambarus Clarkii, And The Effects Of Permethrin-Induced Density Reduction And Supplemental Feeding On Stunted Crawfish Populations., Herman Henry Jarboe

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The acute toxicity of permethrin to red swamp crawfish (Procambarus clarkii) was evaluated in laboratory studies. The mean static acute 96-h LC50 of permethrin to red swamp crawfish 8-12 mm (0.017 g), 25-35 mm (0.64 g), 45-55 mm (2.45 g), and 65-75 mm total length (TL) (8.98 g) was 0.44, 0.85, 1.30, and 0.81 $\mu$g/L, respectively. Permethrin toxicity did not differ among immature male, mature male and female P. clarkii. Crawfish surviving permethrin exposure exhibited no differences in post-exposure growth, survival, maturity attainment, or the production of viable young when compared to non-exposed controls (P $>$ 0.2). At the …

The Wind River Litigation: Effects Of The Wyoming Supreme Court’S Decision On The Wind River Reservation’S Water Use And Implications For Other Reservations’ Water Rights, David M. Dornbusch

Natural Resource Development in Indian Country (Summer Conference, June 8-10)

11 pages.

The Maine Progressive - Vol. 2, No. 6 : March 1988, Maine Progressive

The Maine Progressive

"If Maine is to be a more progressive society, people must make a commitment to work toward it. We hope that The Maine Progressive will broaden the base of support for progressive causes and bring together active people involved with many issues from all parts of Maine."
(from Vol.1, Issue 1)

The Development Of Nigerian Agriculture: Suggestions For The Future: A Review, E.D. Balogun

Economic and Financial Review

This is a review of the book "The Development of Nigerian Agriculture: suggestions for the Future", it highlights developments on Nigerian agriculture.

G88-874 Management Tips For Round Bale Hay Harvesting, Moving, And Storage, John A. Smith, Robert D. Grisso, Kenneth Von Bargen, Bruce Anderson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide discusses management of hay harvesting with a large round baler. Specific management practices are necessary to maintain hay quality and minimize hay loss during harvest, transportation and storage of large round bales.

Large round bale packaging systems allow one person to harvest, store and feed large quantities of hay for small as well as large acreages. Good management is required to maximize effectiveness. Losses in baling, transportation and storage of large round bales can far exceed the losses of rectangular bales unless the large round bale system is properly managed.

Genetic Control Of Immune Responsiveness To The Avian Coccidium Eimeria Tenella, Robert Andrew Clare

Doctoral Dissertations

Specific inbred lines of chickens expressing different major histocompatibility (B) complex haplotypes were studied for their immunogenetic response to the avian coccidium Eimeria tenella and genetically-engineered antigens cloned from this parasite species. The relative influence of the B-F vs. B-G chromosomal regions on innnate resistance and immunity to E. tenella was studied among six B-F/B-G recombinant hosts. F$\sb1$ chicks of similar genotypes, $B\sp{\rm R3}$ and $B\sp{\rm R4} (B\sp{\rm F2-G23}B\sp{17}$), gained significantly more weight than those with $B\sp{\rm R1}(B\sp{\rm F24-G23}B\sp{17})$ and $B\sp{\rm R5} (B\sp{\rm F21-G19}B\sp{17})$ following exposure to a single high dose of 25,000 oocysts, although no differences in cecal lesion …

Investigations Into Bovine Luteolytic Mechanisms Utilizing A Long-Term Cell Culture System, Shari Jean Litch

Doctoral Dissertations

Luteal regression in the cow occurs every cycle in which pregnancy does not occur. The agent which induces luteolysis is a uterine prostaglandin, PGF$\sb{2\alpha}$, although the mechanism of its action remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mode of action of PGF$\sb{2\alpha}$ in a long-term, serum-free culture system of bovine luteal cells. Experiment I investigated the influence of LH and PGF$\sb{2\alpha}$ on 3$\beta$-HSD presence in cultured luteal cells. Total numbers of cells dropped slightly throughout the 8 day culture. Numbers of 3$\beta$-positive cells also dropped in all treatment groups. 3$\beta$-HSD was best maintained in the presence …

The Effects Of Endurance Exercise On Lipoproteins In Yucatan Miniature Swine, Arthur Francis Stucchi

Doctoral Dissertations

The effects of chronic, endurance exercise on the concentration of plasma lipids and on the composition and metabolism of plasma lipoproteins were examined in Yucatan miniature swine following more than two years of intensive exercise training. The exercise protocol employed produced significant training effects, as indicated by enhanced cardiovascular and aerobic capacities. Lipoprotein lipase and hepatic triglyceride lipase activities were also significantly increased in the exercised group. Neither total plasma cholesterol nor triglycerides differed between the two groups. Total high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) was not significantly greater in the exercised swine; however, exercise was associated with a shift in the …