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Ilustraxon: Semyotika Sa Pahina At Sa Piraso Ng Komix, Arbeen R. Acuña
Ilustraxon: Semyotika Sa Pahina At Sa Piraso Ng Komix, Arbeen R. Acuña
Kritika Kultura
Panukala ng papel na ito ang paggamit ng “ilustraxon” upang mailarawan ang operasyon ng pagbibigay kahulugan sa “komix.” Sa paghalaw ng “x” sa “image x text” ni WJT Mitchell (2012) at sa pagbubuo ng bagong termino, sinikap na bigyang-linaw kung paano nagiging sublasyon ang ilustraxong tinatawag na komix na sintesis ng “ilustracion” at “ilustrasyon.” Gamit ang semyotika, binigyang-pagbasa sa papel na ito ang dalawang komix na literal na naglarawan sa pag-uusap ni Padre Damaso at Maria Clara sa dulo ng Noli Me Tangere (1887) ni Jose Rizal: tatlong pahina ng Nakalarawang Noli Me Tangere (1956) na isinaayos nina Clodualdo del …
Bedeviling Quijano De Manila's Discourses Of The Devil's Advocate And The Openness Of Historical Interpretation, Ivan Emil Labayne
Bedeviling Quijano De Manila's Discourses Of The Devil's Advocate And The Openness Of Historical Interpretation, Ivan Emil Labayne
Kritika Kultura
Using a Marxist framework, this paper looks at Nick Joaquin’s conduct of history writing and uses this analysis to comment on the general practice of writing on history. The paper first assesses the extent by which a strand of dialectical thought operates in Discourses. Second, typical assertions of history as “narrativized” discourse are put into test. The ideas of Linda Hutcheon and Edel Garcellano are utilized to bring in the larger sociality where textual discourses take place, thereby shunning the supposed primacy of texts and positing the dynamic ties between history writing and society. Third, the relationship between oral and …
Introduction: Nick Joaquin Now: Texts, Contexts, And Approaches, Gary Devilles, Jocelyn Martin
Introduction: Nick Joaquin Now: Texts, Contexts, And Approaches, Gary Devilles, Jocelyn Martin
Kritika Kultura
This Introduction to “Nick Joaquin Now: Texts, Contexts and Approaches” surveys the main critical works on Nick Joaquin’s oeuvre and presents an overview of the essays included in this Forum Kritika. Following the contributions of scholars such as Blanco, E. San Juan, Galdon, Gutierrez, Hau, Holden, Patke, Pison, and Serrano, this new collection of essays reveals novel readers and (re)readings of Joaquin. The editors treat Joaquin “not as an object of study but more as an effect to be explained, where we as ‘readers’ become the implied readers that Joaquin’s works requires.” Following Nick Joaquin’s centennial, marked by, among others, …
Reading Carlos Bulosan/Documenting The Filipino Diaspora: An Editorial Introduction To Writer In Exile/Writer In Revolt: Critical Perspectives On Carlos Bulosan, Jeffrey Arellano Cabusao
Reading Carlos Bulosan/Documenting The Filipino Diaspora: An Editorial Introduction To Writer In Exile/Writer In Revolt: Critical Perspectives On Carlos Bulosan, Jeffrey Arellano Cabusao
Kritika Kultura
This editorial introduction to Writer in Exile/Writer in Revolt: Critical Perspectives on Carlos Bulosan (2016) sheds light on the diasporic scope of Bulosan’s literary imagination and the literary scholarship on his diverse body of writing. Writer in Exile/Writer in Revolt gathers for the first time nearly sixty years of literary criticism by scholars in the United States and the Philippines on Bulosan, a pioneering twentieth-century Filipino writer in the United States. The editorial introduction highlights the ways in which Writer in Exile/Writer in Revolt documents the unfolding of Bulosan’s radical literary imagination which straddles the colonial and neocolonial periods of …
Pelikulang Komiks: Toward A Theory Of Filipino Film Adaptation, Joyce L. Arriola
Pelikulang Komiks: Toward A Theory Of Filipino Film Adaptation, Joyce L. Arriola
Kritika Kultura
This paper tackles the major assumptions of a proposed/emergent Filipino komiks-to-film adaptation theory based on archival texts from the 1950s. An inventory of extant texts has led to the identification of twelve komiks-to-film adaptations representing Filipinized genres such as the korido film, fantasy/folklore, family drama, woman’s film, personality comedy, and historical film. Textual analysis of uncovered texts has been complemented by a social film history based on unstructured interviews with ten komiks and film scholars and retrieval of archival film journalism pieces. The main concern of this paper is to present the concepts and assumptions about komiks-to-film adaptation that will …
The Construction Of Modernity In Pre-Independent Indonesia And Its Ensuing Manifestation In Critical Discourse And Literary Theory, Paulus Sarwoto
The Construction Of Modernity In Pre-Independent Indonesia And Its Ensuing Manifestation In Critical Discourse And Literary Theory, Paulus Sarwoto
Kritika Kultura
This article traces the development of what may be called Indonesian critical discourse particularly related to the position of “West” and “East” from the colonial period to the New Order era. The development of this discourse and its manifestation in Indonesian literary theory began with a postcolonial debate on the construction of Indonesian modernity, i.e., toward which center it is going to be oriented. The tension between Western-centric discourse, on the one hand, and traditional orientation, on the other, characterized the earliest intellectual debate in the 1930s. This argument took a different contour in the 1960s when the tension turned …
Critical Crossings: Hybridity's Fissures And Ruptures, Maria Luisa Torres Reyes
Critical Crossings: Hybridity's Fissures And Ruptures, Maria Luisa Torres Reyes
Kritika Kultura
The papers in this special section at once undertake and undermine the discourse of hybridity, at once to recognize the strength of its rhetorical force and critique the limits of its explanatory power. Rather than viewing hybridity as a kind of floating signifier in all its ambivalence as many postcolonial studies have been noted to have undertaken, the papers explore its conditions of possibility in the context of the materiality of the historical situation and specifically in the concreteness of the authors’ inscription in history and the worldly particularity of literature, literary form, and criticism. As a category, for a …
Transforming Theater For The Oppressed: Community Theater As Urban Poor Discourse In Sining Kadamay's Gapok, Michael D. Pante, Leo Angelo Nery
Transforming Theater For The Oppressed: Community Theater As Urban Poor Discourse In Sining Kadamay's Gapok, Michael D. Pante, Leo Angelo Nery
Kritika Kultura
In March 2017, the issue of urban poor housing was exposed on a national scale when thousands of members of the urban poor group Kadamay forcibly occupied nearly 6,000 abandoned housing units meant for members of the Armed Forces of the Philippines and the Philippine National Police in Pandi, Bulacan. Kadamay members were accused of being mendicant anarchists by their critics, while their supporters lauded their determination in demanding, and winning, their rights to housing. While the issue polarized Philippine society, it is evident that the Occupy Pandi movement revitalized urban poor discourse, and brought back to the fore the …
Disobedient Cultures: Art, Politics, And Resurgent Hope, Malcom Miles
Disobedient Cultures: Art, Politics, And Resurgent Hope, Malcom Miles
Kritika Kultura
When political change is remote the only prospect for change is in the realm of imagination. Herbert Marcuse responds to this in his last book, The Aesthetic Dimension (1978) after the failure of revolt in Paris in 1968. He argues that although art cannot change the world as such it can change how the world is apprehended. Thus art’s imaginative potential is part of a wider pursuit of freedom. The paper argues that the situation is bleaker today than in the 1970s. Neoliberalism enforces a regime of consumerism even more now than then, and operates globally. Still, hope reappears in …
We The Divided: Partitions Of Performance In The Ceramic State, Alan Read
We The Divided: Partitions Of Performance In The Ceramic State, Alan Read
Kritika Kultura
The common association between theater and community is here inverted to explore the relationship between theatrical practice and immunity, or “affects of adjustment” between spectator and event. Drawing upon Roberto Esposito’s figuring of relations between community and immunity, on Jacques Ranciere’s propositions of the “emancipated spectator” and the part of those who have no part,” and Gerald Raunig’s conception of “Division” from his work on the Dividuum (2016), this essay examines a sequence of case studies central to the author’s own practiced experiences: Rotherhithe Theatre Workshop in the 1980s, Transhumance in the 1990s, and the Performance Biennial Athens in 2016. …
Athens' Shadows, Victor Merriman
Athens' Shadows, Victor Merriman
Kritika Kultura
This introductory essay attempts to communicate a sense of the articles and artist pages published in this Forum Kritika on Radical Cultural Responses to Crises in Urban Democracy, in the context of a symposium during which some of them were first argued. The contributors theorize relationships between art and protest, and the nature of performance, as well as critiquing interventionist performance projects, among dispatches from the front line of performance as public engagement. It also seeks to convey a sense of how culture—and especially performance—interacts, in Britain, with Project Austerity (2010-present). As culture and cultural workers, respond to neoliberalization, they …
Parallel Growths, Joel David
Wrestling With Or Embracing Digitization In The Music Industry: The Contrasting Business Strategies Of J-Pop And K-Pop, Jimmyn Parc, Nobuko Kawashima
Wrestling With Or Embracing Digitization In The Music Industry: The Contrasting Business Strategies Of J-Pop And K-Pop, Jimmyn Parc, Nobuko Kawashima
Kritika Kultura
Digitization has significantly changed the process for producing and consuming music: from analogue to digital, albums to songs, possess to access, audio to visual, and end products to promotional products. In this globalized digital era, actively embracing digitization would likely help enhance the competitiveness of the music industry. The rise of K-pop and the decline of J-pop clearly demonstrate the different results from whether to embrace or wrestle with digitization. The Korean music industry recognized changes brought on by digitization earlier and was more active in responding with effective strategies. By contrast, the Japanese music industry did not immediately respond …
Where Is 'East Of Eden'?: The Politics Of Steinbeck's Literary Reputation In Slovenia, Danica Čerče
Where Is 'East Of Eden'?: The Politics Of Steinbeck's Literary Reputation In Slovenia, Danica Čerče
Kritika Kultura
Katherine Arens maintains that literary texts or authors can function as prototypes for their speech genres within literary history and in a cultural community. Until very recently, in Slovenia, John Steinbeck has been regarded primarily as an objective social chronicler of the Great Depression. This popular critical view, earned with his “labor trilogy,” The Grapes of Wrath, In Dubious Battle, and Of Mice and Men, is needlessly limiting, given that Steinbeck’s literary achivements extend well beyond the modes and methods of traditional realism or documentary representation. Written against the background of the critical discourse regarding the political implications of literary …
This Will Not Be Generative, Sehrish Naudhani
This Will Not Be Generative, Sehrish Naudhani
Intersections: Critical Issues in Education
This Will Not Be Generative by Dixa Ramírez-D’Oleo critiques Western feminist narratives, revealing how concepts like generativity and symbiosis often disguise violence against Black and Indigenous communities. Through analysis of works by feminists such as Donna Haraway and references to films like Get Out and Midsommar, Ramírez-D’Oleo argues that Black and Indigenous lives are cyclically exploited to uphold white supremacy. Rather than depicting these communities as mere victims, she emphasizes their resilience and acts of resistance. This review underscores Ramírez-D’Oleo's call to rethink the narratives shaping our understanding of race, ecology, and feminism, making it a critical read for …
The Afternoon I Learned The Use Of Sex, Enrico C. Santos
The Afternoon I Learned The Use Of Sex, Enrico C. Santos
Kritika Kultura
No abstract provided.
Landlessness, War, And Displacement In Literatures Of Mindanao And Sulu, Sherwin Mendoza
Landlessness, War, And Displacement In Literatures Of Mindanao And Sulu, Sherwin Mendoza
Kritika Kultura
This monograph attempts to clarify the relationships of Filipino Americans to the diaspora of Christian settler colonists in Mindanao with the hope of facilitating solidarity between Filipino Americans and the peoples of Mindanao and Sulu. It begins with a consideration of Carlos Bulosan, perhaps the most prominent figure within the discipline of Filipino American Studies, in terms of the brief appearance of Mindanao in America is in the Heart. The bulk of the monograph, however, is centered on literatures of the Southern Philippines, a region that is often overlooked within the discipline of Filipino American Studies, and in particular it …
Between Countries And Dreams, Patrick D. Flores
Devotion Ii, Wilfredo Pascual
Devotion Ii, Wilfredo Pascual
Kritika Kultura
In 2004, the author flew to New York to spend a few days with fans of Nora Aunor during the Philippine Superstar’s U.S. concert tour. This personal essay is a ruminative account of a wayfaring trip that began the year before, when the author flew to Manila and met the star for the first time. It’s a pilgrimage of sorts, tracking the wandering icon in Manhattan, from her hotel bedroom to Times Square all the way to the airport. It crosses time and space from aquatic Bicol and Atlantic City to the mystical Byzantine age and the tumultuous years of …
Si Judy Ann Santos At Ang Wika Ng Teleserye, Louie Jon A. Sánchez
Si Judy Ann Santos At Ang Wika Ng Teleserye, Louie Jon A. Sánchez
Kritika Kultura
The actress Judy Ann Santos boasts of an illustrious and sterling career in Philippine show business, and is widely considered the “queen” of the teleserye, the Filipino soap opera. In the manner of Barthes, this paper explores this queenship, so-called, by way of traversing through Santos’ acting history, which may be read as having founded the language, the grammar of the said televisual dramatic genre. The paper will focus, primarily, on her oeuvre of soap operas, and would consequently delve into her other interventions in film, illustrating not only how her career was shaped by the dramatic genre, pre- and …
Dulsita, Ang Kabuuan Ng Kontradiksyon Ng Imahen Ni Sharon Cuneta Sa Pelikulang Pilipino, Jerrick Josue David
Dulsita, Ang Kabuuan Ng Kontradiksyon Ng Imahen Ni Sharon Cuneta Sa Pelikulang Pilipino, Jerrick Josue David
Kritika Kultura
Rolando B. Tolentino described Sharon Cuneta as the “perpetual virgin” of Philippine movies. In his essay titled “Si Sharon Cuneta at ang Perpetwal na Birhen” [Sharon Cuneta and the Perpetual Virgin], Tolentino described the perpetual virgin as eternally “meek, subservient, patient, the proverbial model of kindness and/or goodness.” Such characteristic is exemplified via the typical role Cuneta plays onscreen: the good-hearted woman who chooses to forgive her oppressor(s) despite the hardships she endured in their hands. Offscreen, she seems to epitomize such an image: loving and dutiful daughter to her parents, martyr wife to her philandering first husband, devoted wife …
Firmament Occupation: The Philippine Star System, Joel David
Firmament Occupation: The Philippine Star System, Joel David
Kritika Kultura
No abstract provided.
Fall Of Grace: Nora Aunor As Cinema, Patrick D. Flores
Fall Of Grace: Nora Aunor As Cinema, Patrick D. Flores
Kritika Kultura
Nora Aunor is enlisted in this speculation as a medium in the register of both the cinema and the transmission of spirit. The key trajectory is the oft-cited film Himala, which opens up a conceptual space for mediumship, the technology of the actress, her biography and corpus of art, and the devotion to her person. The essay constellates a set of texts including the sculpture in honor of Elsa, the main character of Himala, the film Silip, and the life of a fan. Nora, the performative vessel of Elsa, becomes fundamentally cinematic. It is through her that Elsa is fleshed …
Christianity As A Culture Of Mobility: A Case Study Of Asian Transient Migrants In Singapore, Catherine Gomes, Jonathan Y. Tan
Christianity As A Culture Of Mobility: A Case Study Of Asian Transient Migrants In Singapore, Catherine Gomes, Jonathan Y. Tan
Kritika Kultura
More than ever before, the global and transnational movements of young people for work and study have become part of everyday life. Yet there is very little research on this phenomenon in relation to how actors in transience create strategies to cope with being away from home nation (place of birth and/or citizenship) and from family. As part of the findings of a larger international study on the identities, social networks and media/ communication use of transient migrants, researchers found that Christianity featured prominently during life in transience for Asian respondents. This paper thus puts forward the notion that Christianity …
Guest Editor's Introduction, Joel David
Guest Editor's Introduction, Joel David
Kritika Kultura
Although vital to the existence of the Philippine movie industry, stardom has rarely garnered scholarly attention apart from the auteurist (film-artist) or biographical modes. Part of the reason is external, in the sense that media-studies approaches to star-text discourses emerged relatively recently, and may still be in the process of further refinement. However, a crucial internal reason is that the primary Philippine example, Nora Aunor, inadvertently affirms the earlier, now-conventional approach by virtue of her singular dominance as both top star and top multimedia performer. This study will track relevant trends in star studies vis-à-vis Philippine scholarly output, and will …
The Capacity To Be Content: Aspirations And Young Adult Catholics In Singapore, Jayeel Serrano Cornelio
The Capacity To Be Content: Aspirations And Young Adult Catholics In Singapore, Jayeel Serrano Cornelio
Kritika Kultura
Drawing from interviews with young adult Catholics in Singapore, this article discusses aspirations in terms of the capacity to be content. For my informants, the capacity to be content has three aspects: the pursuit of happiness, the questioning of Singapore’s incessant drive for economic growth, and the neglect of those left-behind. Taken collectively, these nuances show that the aspirations of young adult Catholics are effectively a moral critique of the social and economic state of affairs in the city-state. The capacity to be content also informs these young adults’ decision to be involved in welfare activities or even be employed …
The Black Nazarene, Quiapo, And The Weak Philippine State, Mark Joseph Calano
The Black Nazarene, Quiapo, And The Weak Philippine State, Mark Joseph Calano
Kritika Kultura
The dialectical relationship between the religious performances to the Black Nazarene and the informality of space in Quiapo has an implication in the “construction” of space and the formation of a weak Philippine state. The dynamics between poón, panata, and pananampalataya (elements in the discussion of the devotion to the Black Nazarene) and the barongbarong, looban, at hanapbuhay (elements in the discussion of the informality of Quiapo) helps in the construction of the spatiality of Quiapo. Quiapo is constructed as the place of the play between pananampalataya and hanapbuhay; the implication of this mutual dependency to the state is a …
“Not Here To Steal Sheep”: A Reading Of The History And Politics Of Catholicism In Thailand, Coeli Barry
“Not Here To Steal Sheep”: A Reading Of The History And Politics Of Catholicism In Thailand, Coeli Barry
Kritika Kultura
This article investigates how Catholicism has had to evolve and adapt in order to sustain itself in Thailand. As Siam/Thailand developed through economic, political and cultural interactions with Western powers, Christianity in general and Catholicism in particular served as a site on which Thai national identity was forged in response to these interactions. Christianity was an ‘other’ against which Thai Buddhist identity coalesced yet the appeal of first Catholic and later Protestant missionary education was very strong. This article combines interpretive historical method and analysis of contemporary shifts that reflect a more assertive Thai Catholic Church. In so doing, the …
Kidlat Tahimik And The Determination Of A Native Filmmaker, Patrick F. Campos
Kidlat Tahimik And The Determination Of A Native Filmmaker, Patrick F. Campos
Kritika Kultura
Using field notes drawn from participative research in the context of his home life in Hapao, Ifugao and Baguio City, Benguet, as well as information gathered through interviews with his family, confidantes, and mentees, the article revaluates the oeuvre of pioneering independent filmmaker, Kidlat Tahimik. It is written self-reflexively, approximating the critic’s process of understanding Kidlat’s work through the lenses of a personal encounter. It critiques Kidlat’s cinema, with special focus on Why is Yellow the Middle of the Rainbow? (1994), and reads it as his determination to author himself as “native” and “Third World” filmmaker, the same determination that …