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2022

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Articles 10711 - 10740 of 32177

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Structure-Activity Relationship And Antitumor Activity Of 1,4-Pyrazine-Containing Inhibitors Of Histone Acetyltransferases P300/Cbp, Shenyou Nie, Fangrui Wu, Jingyu Wu, Xin Li, Chao Zhou, Yuan Yao, Yongcheng Song Jul 2022

Structure-Activity Relationship And Antitumor Activity Of 1,4-Pyrazine-Containing Inhibitors Of Histone Acetyltransferases P300/Cbp, Shenyou Nie, Fangrui Wu, Jingyu Wu, Xin Li, Chao Zhou, Yuan Yao, Yongcheng Song

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Acetylation of histone lysine residues by histone acetyltransferase (HAT) p300 and its paralog CBP play important roles in gene regulation in health and diseases. The HAT domain of p300/CBP has been found to be a potential drug target for cancer. Compound screening followed by structure-activity relationship studies yielded a novel series of 1,4-pyrazine-containing inhibitors of p300/CBP HAT with their IC50s as low as 1.4 μM. Enzyme kinetics and other studies support the most potent compound 29 is a competitive inhibitor of p300 HAT against the substrate histone. It exhibited a high selectivity for p300 and CBP, with negligible activity on …

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Banning Books Or Banning Bipoc?, Marisa Shearer Jul 2022

Banning Books Or Banning Bipoc?, Marisa Shearer

NULR Online

No abstract provided.

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Examining Air Pollution And Forest Health: An Application Of Lichens As Bioindicators And Sentinel-5p Tropomi In Urban State Parks In Shelby County, Tn, Megan Victoria Farrell Jul 2022

Examining Air Pollution And Forest Health: An Application Of Lichens As Bioindicators And Sentinel-5p Tropomi In Urban State Parks In Shelby County, Tn, Megan Victoria Farrell

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

This thesis was undertaken to evaluate the use of epiphytic lichens as bioindicators and Sentinel-5P TROPOMI estimates of NO2 and SO2 pollution to examine the impact of air quality on forest health in two different urban parks (Meeman-Shelby Forest State Park and T.O. Fuller State Park) in Shelby County, Tennessee. Field survey of lichen abundance was cross-validated with Sentinel-5P TROPOMI air pollutant estimates and NDVI values from the National Agricultural Imagery Program (NAIP) were used to correlate forest health with air pollutants. Results showed the plots at Meeman-Shelby Forest State Park had overall higher lichen abundance than the plots at …

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Novel Markers For Liquid Biopsies In Cancer Management: Circulating Platelets And Extracellular Vesicles, Sara Corvigno, Anna Maria Johnson, Kwong-Kwok Wong, Min Soon Cho, Vahid Afshar-Kharghan, David G Menter, Anil K Sood Jul 2022

Novel Markers For Liquid Biopsies In Cancer Management: Circulating Platelets And Extracellular Vesicles, Sara Corvigno, Anna Maria Johnson, Kwong-Kwok Wong, Min Soon Cho, Vahid Afshar-Kharghan, David G Menter, Anil K Sood

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Although radiologic imaging and histologic assessment of tumor tissues are classic approaches for diagnosis and monitoring of treatment response, they have many limitations. These include challenges in distinguishing benign from malignant masses, difficult access to the tumor, high cost of the procedures, and tumor heterogeneity. In this setting, liquid biopsy has emerged as a potential alternative for both diagnostic and monitoring purposes. The approaches to liquid biopsy include cell-free DNA/circulating tumor DNA, long and micro noncoding RNAs, proteins/peptides, carbohydrates/lectins, lipids, and metabolites. Other approaches include detection and analysis of circulating tumor cells, extracellular vesicles, and tumor-activated platelets. Ultimately, reliable use …

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Modeling The Prognostic Impact Of Circulating Tumor Cells Enumeration In Metastatic Breast Cancer For Clinical Trial Design Simulation, Lorenzo Gerratana, Jean-Yves Pierga, James M Reuben, Andrew A Davis, Firas H Wehbe, Luc Dirix, Tanja Fehm, Franco Nolé, Rafael Gisbert-Criado, Dimitrios Mavroudis, Salvatore Grisanti, Jose A Garcia-Saenz, Justin Stebbing, Carlos Caldas, Paola Gazzaniga, Luis Manso, Rita Zamarchi, Marta Bonotto, Angela Fernandez De Lascoiti, Leticia De Mattos-Arruda, Michail Ignatiadis, Maria-Teresa Sandri, Daniele Generali, Carmine De Angelis, Sarah-Jane Dawson, Wolfgang Janni, Vicente Carañana, Sabine Riethdorf, Erich-Franz Solomayer, Fabio Puglisi, Mario Giuliano, Klaus Pantel, François-Clément Bidard, Massimo Cristofanilli Jul 2022

Modeling The Prognostic Impact Of Circulating Tumor Cells Enumeration In Metastatic Breast Cancer For Clinical Trial Design Simulation, Lorenzo Gerratana, Jean-Yves Pierga, James M Reuben, Andrew A Davis, Firas H Wehbe, Luc Dirix, Tanja Fehm, Franco Nolé, Rafael Gisbert-Criado, Dimitrios Mavroudis, Salvatore Grisanti, Jose A Garcia-Saenz, Justin Stebbing, Carlos Caldas, Paola Gazzaniga, Luis Manso, Rita Zamarchi, Marta Bonotto, Angela Fernandez De Lascoiti, Leticia De Mattos-Arruda, Michail Ignatiadis, Maria-Teresa Sandri, Daniele Generali, Carmine De Angelis, Sarah-Jane Dawson, Wolfgang Janni, Vicente Carañana, Sabine Riethdorf, Erich-Franz Solomayer, Fabio Puglisi, Mario Giuliano, Klaus Pantel, François-Clément Bidard, Massimo Cristofanilli

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Despite the strong prognostic stratification of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) enumeration in metastatic breast cancer (MBC), current clinical trials usually do not include a baseline CTCs in their design. This study aimed to generate a classifier for CTCs prognostic simulation in existing datasets for hypothesis generation in patients with MBC. A K-nearest neighbor machine learning algorithm was trained on a pooled dataset comprising 2436 individual MBC patients from the European Pooled Analysis Consortium and the MD Anderson Cancer Center to identify patients likely to have CTCs ≥ 5/7 mL blood (StageIVaggressive vs StageIVindolent). The model had a 65.1% accuracy and …

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Reduced Rates Of Post-Transplant Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma In Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis: A Propensity Score Matched Analysis, Ryan Lamm, Peter J Altshuler, Keyur Patel, Osama Shaheen, Angel Paulo Amante, Jesse Civan, Warren Maley, Adam Frank, Carlo Ramirez, Jaime Glorioso, Ashesh Shah, Hien Dang, Adam S Bodzin Jul 2022

Reduced Rates Of Post-Transplant Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma In Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis: A Propensity Score Matched Analysis, Ryan Lamm, Peter J Altshuler, Keyur Patel, Osama Shaheen, Angel Paulo Amante, Jesse Civan, Warren Maley, Adam Frank, Carlo Ramirez, Jaime Glorioso, Ashesh Shah, Hien Dang, Adam S Bodzin

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has become the second leading cause of HCC-related liver transplantation in the United States. This study investigated post-transplant recurrence and survival for patients transplanted for NASH-related HCC compared to non-NASH HCC etiologies. Retrospective review of the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN) database identified 7,461 patients with HCC—1,405 with underlying NASH and 6,086 with non-NASH underlying diseases. After propensity score matching (PSM) to account for patient- and tumor-related confounders 1,175 remained in each group. Primary outcomes assessed were recurrence rate and recurrence-free survival. Recurrent malignancy at 5 years …

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Heterogeneity Of Gene Trees, Jonathan Nenye Odumegwu Unm Jul 2022

Heterogeneity Of Gene Trees, Jonathan Nenye Odumegwu Unm

Mathematics & Statistics ETDs

Multilocus phylogenetic studies often show a high degree of gene tree heterogeneity —gene trees that have different topologies from each other as well as from the species tree topology. In some cases, this can lead to studies with hundreds of loci having distinct gene tree topologies. The degree of heterogeneity is expected to increase when there is a high degree of incomplete lineage sorting due to short branches (as measured in coalescent units) in the species tree. Other potential sources of heterogeneity include other biological processes such as introgression, recombination within genes, ancestral population structure, gene duplication and loss, and …

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Modeling The Prognostic Impact Of Circulating Tumor Cells Enumeration In Metastatic Breast Cancer For Clinical Trial Design Simulation, Lorenzo Gerratana, Andrew A Davis, Et Al. Jul 2022

Modeling The Prognostic Impact Of Circulating Tumor Cells Enumeration In Metastatic Breast Cancer For Clinical Trial Design Simulation, Lorenzo Gerratana, Andrew A Davis, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Despite the strong prognostic stratification of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) enumeration in metastatic breast cancer (MBC), current clinical trials usually do not include a baseline CTCs in their design. This study aimed to generate a classifier for CTCs prognostic simulation in existing datasets for hypothesis generation in patients with MBC. A K-nearest neighbor machine learning algorithm was trained on a pooled dataset comprising 2436 individual MBC patients from the European Pooled Analysis Consortium and the MD Anderson Cancer Center to identify patients likely to have CTCs ≥ 5/7 mL blood (StageIVaggressive vs StageIVindolent). The model had a 65.1% accuracy and …

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Bi-Allelic Variants In Wnt7b Disrupt The Development Of Multiple Organs In Humans, Jdc Pereira Baptista Jul 2022

Bi-Allelic Variants In Wnt7b Disrupt The Development Of Multiple Organs In Humans, Jdc Pereira Baptista

Peninsula Medical School

BackgroundPulmonary hypoplasia, Diaphragmatic anomalies, Anophthalmia/microphthalmia and Cardiac defects delineate the PDAC syndrome. We aim to identify the cause of PDAC syndrome in patients who do not carry pathogenic variants in RARB and STRA6, which have been previously associated with this disorder.MethodsWe sequenced the exome of patients with unexplained PDAC syndrome and performed functional validation of candidate variants.ResultsWe identified bi-allelic variants in WNT7B in fetuses with PDAC syndrome from two unrelated families. In one family, the fetus was homozygous for the c.292C>T (p.(Arg98*)) variant whereas the fetuses from the other family were compound heterozygous for the variants c.225C>G (p.(Tyr75*)) …

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Ozonated Olive Oil: Enhanced Cutaneous Delivery Via Niosomal Nanovesicles For Melanoma Treatment, Sherif Ashraf Fahmy, Asmaa Ramzy, Amany M. Sawy, Mohamed Nabil Jul 2022

Ozonated Olive Oil: Enhanced Cutaneous Delivery Via Niosomal Nanovesicles For Melanoma Treatment, Sherif Ashraf Fahmy, Asmaa Ramzy, Amany M. Sawy, Mohamed Nabil

Faculty Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

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Screening, Identification And Characteristics Of Acid-Tolerant Lactic Acid Bacteria In Low-Salt Pickles, Sun Xi-Han, Cui Cheng-Bi, Qi Shi-Bo, Qi Xin Jul 2022

Screening, Identification And Characteristics Of Acid-Tolerant Lactic Acid Bacteria In Low-Salt Pickles, Sun Xi-Han, Cui Cheng-Bi, Qi Shi-Bo, Qi Xin

Food and Machinery

Objective:This study focused on screening lactic acid bacteria strains with potential probiotic properties. Methods: Five strains of acid-tolerant lactic acid bacteria were screened from twelve low-salt pickles with salt content ≤6%, identified by 16S rDNA, and their probiotic properties were studied. Results: The five strains were Leuconostoc mesenteroides J2, Lactobacillus paracasei N6, Lactobacillu paraplantarum F8, Weissella cibaria M1 and Weissella cibaria M12. Among them, the relative growth rates of L. paracasei N6, W. cibaria M1 and W. cibaria M12 in pH 4.0 medium were 84.23%, 78.32% and 76.29%, respectively, which had strong acid-tolerant capacity. After digestion with gastric fluid …

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Effect Of Extrusion Treatment On The Functional Properties And Structure Of Pea Protein, Zhang Bai-Ru, Wang Bin, Wang Kun, Dong Yu-Qing, Cui Bo Jul 2022

Effect Of Extrusion Treatment On The Functional Properties And Structure Of Pea Protein, Zhang Bai-Ru, Wang Bin, Wang Kun, Dong Yu-Qing, Cui Bo

Food and Machinery

Objective:This study focuses on the effects of twin-screw extrusion on the functional properties and structure of pea protein. Methods: The color change of pea protein extrudates were analyzed by automatic colorimeter, the water holding capacity and emulsifying characteristics of pea protein were analyzed by chemical analysis. The microstructure of pea protein and its extrudates were observed by scanning electron microscope, and the secondary structure of the extrudates were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Results: After extrusion treatment, no significant difference was found in the color of pea protein, indicating that the pea protein had a better product color …

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Isolation And Identification Of Endophytic Bacteria From Fresh Gastrodia Elata And Preliminary Study On Its Functional Activity, Sun Hai-Yan, Liu Xiao, Pei Jin-Jin, Hao Dan-Qing, Wang Er-Nan Jul 2022

Isolation And Identification Of Endophytic Bacteria From Fresh Gastrodia Elata And Preliminary Study On Its Functional Activity, Sun Hai-Yan, Liu Xiao, Pei Jin-Jin, Hao Dan-Qing, Wang Er-Nan

Food and Machinery

Objective:This study aimed to elucidate the activities of endophytic bacteria and their metabolites of Gastrodia elata BI, and to provide theoretical reference for the development of new natural food antibacterial agents and antioxidants.Methods: The endophyte of fresh G. elata in Qinba area was isolated and purified by tissue homogenization and streaking method. The antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-tumor activities of the extract were determined. Furthermore, molecular biology identification was applied for the highly active strains.Results: In this study, four strains were isolated from the inside of fresh G. elata, among which, endophytic bacteria B1 and B2 have good …

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Uhplc Profiling Of Onions From Two Origins And The Determination Of Prostaglandin A1 Content, Wang Xiao-Ting, Tan Chao, Wang Yan-Hua, Qin Tai-Feng, Zhang Nai-Ming, Li Fang-Yan Jul 2022

Uhplc Profiling Of Onions From Two Origins And The Determination Of Prostaglandin A1 Content, Wang Xiao-Ting, Tan Chao, Wang Yan-Hua, Qin Tai-Feng, Zhang Nai-Ming, Li Fang-Yan

Food and Machinery

Objective:This study focused on the analysis and evaluation of the differences in the chemical composition of onions from different origins. Methods:Onions from two main production areas in North and South China (Yunnan and Heilongjiang) were used as raw materials, and the differences in chemical composition content and characteristic chemical composition prostaglandin A1 between the two production areas were analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) combined with multivariate statistics. Results:A total of 73 peaks were identified by UHPLC, and the chemical contents of onions from two origins could be distinguished by orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), …

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Simulation Study Of Genetic Fuzzy Pid Cascade Control System For Soy Flour Spray Drying Tower, Tian Si-Qing, Li Li, Pan Jia-Qi, Hou Qiang, Xu Ying Jul 2022

Simulation Study Of Genetic Fuzzy Pid Cascade Control System For Soy Flour Spray Drying Tower, Tian Si-Qing, Li Li, Pan Jia-Qi, Hou Qiang, Xu Ying

Food and Machinery

Objective:This paper proposed a genetic fuzzy PID cascade control system. Methods:Taking the outlet temperature as the main control quantity and the inlet temperature as the secondary controlled quantity, a cascade control system was made. The genetic fuzzy PID controller was used to control the main loop, and the PI controller was used to control the secondary loop. Results:Compared with conventional PID control, the cascade genetic fuzzy PID control had the advantages of shorter regulation time, better robustness. Conclusion:The genetic fuzzy PID cascade control system for soy flour spray drying tower can improve the quality of soy flour …

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Study On The Extraction Of Low-Potassium Kappa-Carrageenan By Ethanol Inhibition, Chen Yan-Hong, Wu Ling, Jiang Ze-Dong, Ni Hui Jul 2022

Study On The Extraction Of Low-Potassium Kappa-Carrageenan By Ethanol Inhibition, Chen Yan-Hong, Wu Ling, Jiang Ze-Dong, Ni Hui

Food and Machinery

Objective:In order to control the potassium ion content in Carrageenan, this project used alcohol inhibition method instead of potassium ion solution to extract Carrageenan.Methods:The volume fraction of ethanol in the processes of alkali treatment, alkali residual cleaning, and precipitation of carrageenan after filtration during the extraction were optimized for controlling K+concentration.Results:The concentration of ethanol to inhibit the dissolution of Carrageenan was 60% in the process of alkali treatment and cleaning residual alkali, and the ratio of 60% ethanol solution to glue solution was 5∶1 in the process of Carrageenan precipitation. By using this process, the yield of …

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Study On Extraction Process Of Methylated Catechin From Zijuan Tea By Response Surface Methodology, Li Yu-Qian, Gao Chuang-Chuang, Li Ming-Chao, Li Xiao-Lei, Hao Qian Jul 2022

Study On Extraction Process Of Methylated Catechin From Zijuan Tea By Response Surface Methodology, Li Yu-Qian, Gao Chuang-Chuang, Li Ming-Chao, Li Xiao-Lei, Hao Qian

Food and Machinery

Objective:optimizing the extraction process of methylated catechin from Zijuan tea.Methods:Using acid ethanol as extraction solvent, based on three single factor experiments, the extraction time, extraction temperature and liquid-solid ratio were used to investigate the interaction of the above three factors on the extraction rate of methylated catechin from Zijuan tea.Results:The optimum extraction conditions were as follows: extraction time 100 min, extraction temperature 75 ℃, solid-liquid ratio(m Zijuan tea∶VSolvent)1∶74(g/mL); under these conditions, the mass concentration of methylated catechin in the extract could reach 26.7 mg/g, and the relative error with the verification value was 1.48%.Conclusion:HPLC and …

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Ptimization Of Technological Conditions For Preparing Corncob Reducing Sugar By Two-Enzyme Method, Wang Jing-Xuan, Lu Bu-Shi, Li Xin-She, Wu Qiang Jul 2022

Ptimization Of Technological Conditions For Preparing Corncob Reducing Sugar By Two-Enzyme Method, Wang Jing-Xuan, Lu Bu-Shi, Li Xin-She, Wu Qiang

Food and Machinery

Objective:This study focuses on realizing the reuse and resource optimization of corncobs.Methods:Using corncob as raw material, using cellulase and hemicellulase to synergistically degrade corncob to prepare reducing sugars. Based on single factor test, response surface methodology was used to determine the mass ratio of cellulase to hemicellulase and double-enzyme process conditions, including addition amount, enzymolysis time, enzymolysis temperature, were optimized.Results:The optimal process parameters for corncob degradation to produce reducing sugars were as follows. The mass ratio of cellulase to hemicellulase was 13∶2, and the amount of double enzyme added was3.25%, hydrolyzed at 50 ℃ for 5.0 h. …

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Research Progress On Nutrient Components And Application Of The Exported “Qinzhou Huang” Millet, Zhang Xin-Xin, Yang Yan-Qiang, Hua Jin, Wu Xi Jul 2022

Research Progress On Nutrient Components And Application Of The Exported “Qinzhou Huang” Millet, Zhang Xin-Xin, Yang Yan-Qiang, Hua Jin, Wu Xi

Food and Machinery

In this review, the cultivation environment, research and development status, nutritional composition, health effect and application in food and medicine of Changzhi region characteristic export products“Qinzhou Huang”millet were summarized,and its development prospects, development and utilization were prospected.

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Capturing Wheat Phenotypes At The Genome Level, Babar Hussain, Bala A. Akpınar, Michael Alaux, Ahmed M. Algharib, Deepmala Sehgal, Zulfiqar Ali, Gudbjorg I. Aradottir, Jacqueline Batley, Arnaud Bellec, Alison R. Bentley, Halise B. Cagirici, Luigi Cattivelli, Fred Choulet, James Cockram, Francesca Desiderio, Pierre Devaux, Munevver Dogramaci, Gabriel Dorado, Susanne Dreisigacker, David Edwards, Khaoula El-Hassouni, Kellye Eversole, Tzion Fahima, Melania Figueroa, Sergio Gálvez, Kulvinder S. Gill, Liubov Govta, Alvina Gul, Goetz Hensel, Pilar Hernandez, Leonardo Abdiel Crespo-Herrera, Amir Ibrahim, Benjamin Kilian Jul 2022

Capturing Wheat Phenotypes At The Genome Level, Babar Hussain, Bala A. Akpınar, Michael Alaux, Ahmed M. Algharib, Deepmala Sehgal, Zulfiqar Ali, Gudbjorg I. Aradottir, Jacqueline Batley, Arnaud Bellec, Alison R. Bentley, Halise B. Cagirici, Luigi Cattivelli, Fred Choulet, James Cockram, Francesca Desiderio, Pierre Devaux, Munevver Dogramaci, Gabriel Dorado, Susanne Dreisigacker, David Edwards, Khaoula El-Hassouni, Kellye Eversole, Tzion Fahima, Melania Figueroa, Sergio Gálvez, Kulvinder S. Gill, Liubov Govta, Alvina Gul, Goetz Hensel, Pilar Hernandez, Leonardo Abdiel Crespo-Herrera, Amir Ibrahim, Benjamin Kilian

Faculty Publications

Recent technological advances in next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have dramatically reduced the cost of DNA sequencing, allowing species with large and complex genomes to be sequenced. Although bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the world’s most important food crops, efficient exploitation of molecular marker-assisted breeding approaches has lagged behind that achieved in other crop species, due to its large polyploid genome. However, an international public–private effort spanning 9 years reported over 65% draft genome of bread wheat in 2014, and finally, after more than a decade culminated in the release of a gold-standard, fully annotated reference wheat-genome assembly …

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The Use Of Second-Generation Antipsychotics And The Changes In Physical Growth In Children And Adolescents With Perinatally Acquired Hiv, Nan Xin, Jenni Durieux, Chunxia Yang, Suzanne Wolff, Hyun-Eui Kim, Andrew Dillin Jul 2022

The Use Of Second-Generation Antipsychotics And The Changes In Physical Growth In Children And Adolescents With Perinatally Acquired Hiv, Nan Xin, Jenni Durieux, Chunxia Yang, Suzanne Wolff, Hyun-Eui Kim, Andrew Dillin

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) is dedicated to promoting mitochondrial proteostasis and is linked to extreme longevity. The key regulator of this process is the transcription factor ATFS-1, which, upon UPRmt activation, is excluded from the mitochondria and enters the nucleus to regulate UPRmt genes. However, the repair proteins synthesized as a direct result of UPRmt activation must be transported into damaged mitochondria that had previously excluded ATFS-1 owing to reduced import efficiency. To address this conundrum, we analyzed the role of the import machinery when the UPRmt was induced. Using in vitro and in vivo analysis of mitochondrial …

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Predicting Suicide In Counties: Creating A Quantitative Measure Of Suicide Risk, Kate Mobley, Gita Taasoobshirazi Jul 2022

Predicting Suicide In Counties: Creating A Quantitative Measure Of Suicide Risk, Kate Mobley, Gita Taasoobshirazi

Faculty Articles

Rising rates of suicide over the past two decades have increased the need for wide-ranging suicide prevention efforts. One approach is to target high-risk groups, which requires the identification of the characteristics of these population sub-groups. This suicidology study was conducted using large-scale, secondary data to answer the question: using the research on suicide, are there variables studied at the community level that are linked to suicide and are measurable using quantitative, demographic data that are already collected and updated? Data on deaths from suicide in U.S. counties for the years 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015 were analyzed using multiple …

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Exogenous Short Chain Fatty Acid Effects In App/Ps1 Mice, Diana J. Zajac, Benjamin C. Shaw, David J. Braun, Stefan J. Green, Joshua M. Morganti, Steven Estus Jul 2022

Exogenous Short Chain Fatty Acid Effects In App/Ps1 Mice, Diana J. Zajac, Benjamin C. Shaw, David J. Braun, Stefan J. Green, Joshua M. Morganti, Steven Estus

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

Elucidating the impact of the gut microbiome on Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is an area of intense interest. Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are major microbiota metabolites that have been implicated as a mediator of gut microbiome effects in the brain. Here, we tested the effects of SCFA-treated water vs. saline-treated water on APPswe/PSEN1dE9 mice maintained under standard laboratory conditions. Mice were treated with SCFAs from five months of age until ten months of age, when they were evaluated for microbiome profile, impaired spatial memory as evaluated with the radial arm water maze, astrocyte activation as measured by Gfap expression and …

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Machine Learning Boosts Performance Of Optical Fiber Sensors: A Case Study For Vector Bending Sensing, Chen Zhu, Jie Huang Jul 2022

Machine Learning Boosts Performance Of Optical Fiber Sensors: A Case Study For Vector Bending Sensing, Chen Zhu, Jie Huang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Spectral Response Produced When a High-Sensitivity Optical Fiber Sensor (OFS) is Subject to an External Perturbation Has Recently Been Shown to Contain Rich Information that Can Be Potentially Exploited for Multi-Dimensional Sensing. in This Article, We Propose the Use of Machine Learning to Directly and Statistically Learn the Relation between the Complex Spectral Response from an OFS and a Measurand of Interest, Without Knowing If There Are Distinct and Tractable Features in the Spectrum. as a Proof-Of-Concept Demonstration, It is Shown that a Simple Heterostructure-Based Device with a Capillary Tube Sandwiched between Two Single-Mode Fibers Without Any Fiber Modification …

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Engaging Public Health Critical Race Praxis In Local Social Determinants Of Health Research: The Youth Health Equity And Action Research Training Program In Portland, Or—Yheartpdx, Ryan J. Petteway, Lourdes Gonzalez Jul 2022

Engaging Public Health Critical Race Praxis In Local Social Determinants Of Health Research: The Youth Health Equity And Action Research Training Program In Portland, Or—Yheartpdx, Ryan J. Petteway, Lourdes Gonzalez

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

The social determinants of health (SDH) have long been considered a core mechanism through which racial health inequities are (re)produced and incubated in the U.S. Moreover, scholars have expressly—and appropriately—named structural racism as a precursor to inequities associated with SDH. However, while research on racial health inequities—SDH-related or otherwise—continues to grow, communities of color remain grossly underrepresented as public health researchers and practitioners. Additionally, although SDH are experienced in a very local sense, much research and practice fails to more deeply and thoroughly engage and center local community knowledges. Thus, much work around SDH and racial health inequities presents, ironically, …

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Transcription Factor Runx3 Mediates Plasticity Of Thgm Cells Toward Th1 Phenotype, Javad Rasouli, Giacomo Casella, Weifeng Zhang, Dan Xiao, Gaurav Kumar, Paolo Fortina, Guang-Xian Zhang, Bogoljub Ciric, Abdolmohamad Rostami Jul 2022

Transcription Factor Runx3 Mediates Plasticity Of Thgm Cells Toward Th1 Phenotype, Javad Rasouli, Giacomo Casella, Weifeng Zhang, Dan Xiao, Gaurav Kumar, Paolo Fortina, Guang-Xian Zhang, Bogoljub Ciric, Abdolmohamad Rostami

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

GM-CSF-producing T helper (Th) cells play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Recent studies have identified a distinct population of GM-CSF-producing Th cells, named ThGM cells, that also express cytokines TNF, IL-2, and IL-3, but lack expression of master transcription factors (TF) and signature cytokines of commonly recognized Th cell lineages. ThGM cells are highly encephalitogenic in a mouse model of MS, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Similar to Th17 cells, in response to IL-12, ThGM cells upregulate expression of T-bet and IFN-γ and switch their phenotype to Th1. Here we show that …

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Natural Products Inhibitors Of Monoamine Oxidases—Potential New Drug Leads For Neuroprotection, Neurological Disorders, And Neuroblastoma, Narayan D. Chaurasiya, Francisco León Ph.D., Ilias Muhammad, Babu L. Tekwani Jul 2022

Natural Products Inhibitors Of Monoamine Oxidases—Potential New Drug Leads For Neuroprotection, Neurological Disorders, And Neuroblastoma, Narayan D. Chaurasiya, Francisco León Ph.D., Ilias Muhammad, Babu L. Tekwani

Faculty Publications

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are an important class of drugs prescribed for treatment of depression and other neurological disorders. Evidence has suggested that patients with atypical depression preferentially respond to natural product MAOIs. This review presents a comprehensive survey of the natural products, predominantly from plant sources, as potential new MAOI drug leads. The psychoactive properties of several traditionally used plants and herbal formulations were attributed to their MAOI constituents. MAO inhibitory constituents may also be responsible for neuroprotective effects of natural products. Different classes of MAOIs were identified from the natural product sources with non-selective as well as selective …

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Regulating Phase Transition In Neurodegenerative Diseases By Nuclear Import Receptors, Amandeep Girdhar, Lin Guo Jul 2022

Regulating Phase Transition In Neurodegenerative Diseases By Nuclear Import Receptors, Amandeep Girdhar, Lin Guo

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty Papers

RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) with a low-complexity prion-like domain (PLD) can undergo aberrant phase transitions and have been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases such as ALS and FTD. Several nuclear RBPs mislocalize to cytoplasmic inclusions in disease conditions. Impairment in nucleocytoplasmic transport is another major event observed in ageing and in neurodegenerative disorders. Nuclear import receptors (NIRs) regulate the nucleocytoplasmic transport of different RBPs bearing a nuclear localization signal by restoring their nuclear localization. NIRs can also specifically dissolve or prevent the aggregation and liquid–liquid phase separation of wild-type or disease-linked mutant RBPs, due to their chaperoning activity. This review focuses on …

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Human Remains In Museums And Institutions: Laws And Policies, Cassidy Steele Jul 2022

Human Remains In Museums And Institutions: Laws And Policies, Cassidy Steele

Master of Arts in Art and Design Theses

Human remains are a unique type of archaeological artifact because of the emotional and cultural ties to living descendants that can still affect the living today. Museums have acquired sets of human remains over the decades by various means like purchases, donations, and grave robbing. The ethical and legal process of displaying and having ownership of human remains has been questioned in countries like the United States and the United Kingdom because both have extensive human remains collections from multiple different cultures. While there are human remains in institutions other than museums that have to abide by the same laws, …

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Interspecific Differences In The Flow Regimes And Drag Of North Pacific Skate Egg Cases, Kayla C. Hall, Jaida N. Elcock, Gerald R. Hoff, Duane E. Stevenson, Adam P. Summers, Cassandra M. Donatelli Jul 2022

Interspecific Differences In The Flow Regimes And Drag Of North Pacific Skate Egg Cases, Kayla C. Hall, Jaida N. Elcock, Gerald R. Hoff, Duane E. Stevenson, Adam P. Summers, Cassandra M. Donatelli

Engineering Faculty Articles and Research

Skates are a diverse group of dorso-ventrally compressed cartilaginous fishes found primarily in high-latitude seas. These slow-growing oviparous fishes deposit their fertilized eggs into cases, which then rest on the seafloor. Developing skates remain in their cases for 1-4 years after they are deposited, meaning the abiotic characteristics of the deposition sites, such as current and substrate type, must interact with the capsule in a way to promote long residency. Egg cases are morphologically variable and can be identified to species. Both the gross morphology and the microstructures of the egg case interact with substrate to determine how well a …

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