Digital Commons Network^™

An Ad Hoc Dispute Settlement Mechanism Or A Harmonization Mission? A Reappraisal Of Jurisprudential Fragmentation In International Investment Arbitration, Mohammad Hamdy

Duke Journal of Comparative & International Law

Contrary to the numerous accounts of fragmentation in investment arbitration case law, this Article shows that the case law depicts a high degree of cohesion. The Article argues that jurisprudence in investment arbitration is stabilized by distinct mainstream interpretations of the key provisions of bilateral investment treaties, the main legal instrument in international investment law. The Article considers the frequently cited disagreements among arbitral tribunals in light of competing commitments to either regulatory pluralism or harmonization. It demonstrates that the vast majority of tribunals interpret bilateral investment treaties in a way that circumscribes pluralism and furthers the harmonization of the …

Late Descemet Membrane Detachment After Uneventful Cataract Surgery, Lovaglio Cançado Trindade, Renata Attanasio De Rezende, Tiago Bisol, Christopher J Rapuano

Wills Eye Hospital Papers

Purpose: To report 5 patients with late Descemet membrane (DM) detachment after uneventful cataract surgery.

Observations: After a retrospective chart analysis of consecutive patients that developed DM detachment after uneventful cataract surgery, six eyes of five patients were enrolled. In all cases, patients reported good vision initially after cataract surgery. Within days to months, these patients developed late DM detachment with decreased vision. In one patient, the detachment affected both eyes. Filtered air or diluted sulfur hexafluoride were injected in the anterior chamber to tamponade the DM detachment. In five eyes, the cornea cleared after DM reattachment. In two eyes …

Collaborative Interprofessional Health Science Student Led Realistic Mass Casualty Incident Simulation, Deborah L Mccrea, Robert C Coghlan, Tiffany Champagne-Langabeer, Stanley Cron

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

In collaboration, a health science university and a fire department offered a mass casualty incident (MCI) simulation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a cross-section of student health care providers to determine their working knowledge of an MCI. Students were given a pretest using the Emergency Preparedness Information Questionnaire (EPIQ) and the Simple Triage and Rapid Transport (START) Quiz. The EPIQ instrument related to knowledge of triage, first aid, bio-agent detection, critical reporting, incident command, isolation/quarantine/decontamination, psychological issues, epidemiology, and communications. The START Quiz gave 10 scenarios. Didactic online content was given followed by the simulation a few …

Knowledge Mobilization For Agri-Food Supply Chain Decisions, Guoqing Zhao, Shaofeng Liu, Sebastian Elgueta, Juan Pablo Manzur, Carmen Lopez, Huilan Chen

Plymouth Business School

The current world business environment is characterized by increasing uncertainties, complexities, and risks, which require agri-food supply chain (AFSC) managers to respond and act quickly in a context full of instability and unpredictability. Increasing pressure placed on AFSC managers intensifies the need to combine knowledge management (KM) and decision support that rapidly overcome knowledge boundaries. It has been recognized that the research issue related to the knowledge mobilization crossing boundaries in the AFSC needs to be addressed. This paper investigates knowledge boundaries and boundary-spanning mechanisms by collecting data from experienced AFSC practitioners. Empirical results verify that knowledge boundaries such as …

The Effect Of Pre-Event Instructions On Eyewitness Identification, Jessica Allen

The Plymouth Student Scientist

Eyewitness identification research has informed policies and procedures, but experiments on eyewitness identification often use unrealistic testing methods. Part of these unrealistic methods are pre-event instructions given before the participant is exposed to the crime. Instructions can direct attention, thus lead to better accuracy. If previous research had used pre-event instructions, results may have overestimated people’s ability to identify culprits correctly and called into question the validity of previous conclusions. This would not be an issue if usage of pre-event instructions were reported in the literature, as comparisons could be made between studies that did use them or between studies …

Computational Fluid Dynamics Optimisation Of Grid Fin Aerodynamic Design For Reusable Launch Vehicles, Jack Orders

The Plymouth Student Scientist

Grid fins are an unconventional flight control surface utilised by SpaceX for its Falcon 9 reusable launch vehicle upon re-entry. Previous literature surrounding grid fins has used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to investigate sensitivity factors of the design to vary drag or maximise hinge moment but often suffer from limitations (e.g., insufficient modelling of the boundary layer, or no evidence of sensitivity studies/validation).Due to the lack of literature a systematic CFD-based method is employed in which grid fin geometry is simplified to a 2D flat plate and validated against Tekure (2021) and the simulation verified using oblique shock wave theory …

Age Differences In Facial First Impressions Of Traits Associated With Trustworthiness, Gulbeyaz Altun

The Plymouth Student Scientist

Older adults are more susceptible to becoming fraud victims due to increased generalised trust in others for assistance, leading to deception. Age differences in first impressions of unfamiliar faces on traits associated with trustworthiness was explored in this study. Investigating the various interpretations of trustworthiness across age has not been previously led. Using a data-driven approach, the key traits interpreted from trustworthiness were used in a trait rating task. Older adults provided higher ratings and showed an own-age bias for the traits trustworthy, honest, reliable, and loyal compared to younger adults, but not for the trait considerate. Mean trait ratings …

Public Engagement In Environmental Issues: Investigating Factors Of Disengagement From An Individual And Organisational Perspective, Anna Carne

The Plymouth Student Scientist

Anthropogenic climate change is now a major issue facing the public, government, and environmental non-governmental organisations (ENGOs) alike. In order for climate goals set out by the conference of the parties (COP) summits to be reached, the public must be involved and feel a sense of responsibility to act. Though there have been previous studies investigating the levels of engagement and the actions that individuals take, the impact of certain factors on engagement is still not well understood. A UK survey open for two weeks and shared on social media was conducted. The survey consisted of open and closed questions …

An Investigation Into The Effects Of Weekly Habitual And Targeted Caffeine Consumption On Adult Runners' Endurance, Speed, And Mood, Elise Lucas

The Plymouth Student Scientist

BACKGROUND: Caffeine is a commonly consumed recreational drug which is also highly regarded as an ergogenic aid. Generally, users partake in sporadic and habitual caffeine consumption for functional benefits such as alertness or for social purposes, but targeted consumption prior to exercise is claimed to aid endurance, increase speed, and improve mood during exercise. OBJECTIVES: This questionnaire-based study aimed to evaluate the effect of targeted and randomised caffeine consumption on endurance, speed, and perceived mood in runners of varying levels. SUBJECTS: 489 subjects from 27 different countries (predominantly United States of America and United Kingdom) participated in the study (50.7% …

Tribal Sovereignty And The Right To Life, Clare Holtzman

Duke Journal of Comparative & International Law

On August 26, 2020, the only Native American on federal death row, Lezmond Mitchell was executed by the federal government for the murder of two Navajo citizens on Navajo Nation land. Federal law typically gives Tribal Nations the right to determine whether the death penalty is used against their citizens for crimes committed between Tribal citizens on Tribal land. Yet here, the federal government utilized a loophole to seek the death penalty against the Navajo Nation's wishes. Lezmond Mitchell was not a sympathetic man by any means; indeed, he brutally killed a grandmother and her young granddaughter to steal their …

Unsupervised Machine Learning Using K-Means Identifies Radiomic Subgroups Of Pediatric Low-Grade Gliomas That Correlate With Key Molecular Markers, Debanjan Haldar, Anahita Fathi Kazerooni, Sherjeel Arif, Ariana Familiar, Rachel Madhogarhia, Nastaran Khalili, Sina Bagheri, Hannah Anderson, Ibraheem Salman Shaikh, Aria Mahtabfar, Meen Chul Kim, Wenxin Tu, Jefferey Ware, Arastoo Vossough, Christos Davatzikos, Phillip B Storm, Adam Resnick, Ali Nabavizadeh

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

Introduction: Despite advancements in molecular and histopathologic characterization of pediatric low-grade gliomas (pLGGs), there remains significant phenotypic heterogeneity among tumors with similar categorizations. We hypothesized that an unsupervised machine learning approach based on radiomic features may reveal distinct pLGG imaging subtypes.

Methods: Multi-parametric MR images (T1 pre- and post-contrast, T2, and T2 FLAIR) from 157 patients with pLGGs were collected and 881 quantitative radiomic features were extracted from tumorous region. Clustering was performed using K-means after applying principal component analysis (PCA) for feature dimensionality reduction. Molecular and demographic data was obtained from the PedCBioportal and compared between imaging subtypes.

Results: …

Multiomics Characterization Of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (Mrsa) Isolates With Heterogeneous Intermediate Resistance To Vancomycin (Hvisa) In Latin America, Betsy E Castro, Rafael Rios, Lina P Carvajal, Mónica L Vargas, Mónica P Cala, Lizeth León, Blake Hanson, An Q Dinh, Oscar Ortega-Recalde, Carlos Seas, Jose M Munita, Cesar A Arias, Sandra Rincon, Jinnethe Reyes, Lorena Diaz

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (hVISA) compromise the clinical efficacy of vancomycin. The hVISA isolates spontaneously produce vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA) cells generated by diverse and intriguing mechanisms.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the biomolecular profile of clinical hVISA applying genomic, transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches.

METHODS: 39 hVISA and 305 VSSA and their genomes were included. Core genome-based Bayesian phylogenetic reconstructions were built and alterations in predicted proteins in VISA/hVISA were interrogated. Linear discriminant analysis and a Genome-Wide Association Study were performed. Differentially expressed genes were identified in hVISA-VSSA by RNA-sequencing. The undirected profiles of metabolites were determined by liquid chromatography and …

Emulating Future Neurotechnology Using Magic, Jay A. Olson, Mariève Cyr, Despina Z. Artenie, Thomas Strandberg, Lars Hall, Matthew L. Tompkins, Amir Raz, Petter Johansson

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Recent developments in neuroscience and artificial intelligence have allowed machines to decode mental processes with growing accuracy. Neuroethicists have speculated that perfecting these technologies may result in reactions ranging from an invasion of privacy to an increase in self-understanding. Yet, evaluating these predictions is difficult given that people are poor at forecasting their reactions. To address this, we developed a paradigm using elements of performance magic to emulate future neurotechnologies. We led 59 participants to believe that a (sham) neurotechnological machine could infer their preferences, detect their errors, and reveal their deep-seated attitudes. The machine gave participants randomly assigned positive …

Trends And Issues Involving Disabilities In Higher Education, Jm Kauffman, D Anastasiou, M Felder, J Lopes, Ba Hallenbeck, G Hornby, B Ahrbeck

More Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Business Research

People with disabilities have often been discriminated against in higher education; however, many institutions of higher education find ways of providing access to higher education for those with most forms of disabilities. Progress has been made in providing such access but undoubtedly there is still a need for more disability awareness, anti-stigma, and anti-discrimination training. At the same time higher education requirements, by default, involve higher cognitive capabilities. Some disabilities, those involving severe limitations of cognitive functioning, face insurmountable difficulties in meeting these higher intellectual demands, even with the most reasonable accommodations. Teacher education, for example, requires special attention to …

Behavioral Strategies Of Prehistoric And Historic Children From Dental Microwear Texture Analysis, Almudena Estalrrich, Kristin L. Krueger

Anthropology: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Reconstructing the dietary and behavioral strategies of our hominin ancestors is crucial to understanding their evolution, adaptation, and overall way of life. Teeth in general, and dental microwear specifically, provide a means to examine these strategies, with posterior teeth well positioned to tell us about diet, and anterior teeth helping us examine non-dietary tooth-use behaviors. Past research predominantly focused on strategies of adult individuals, leaving us to wonder the role children may have played in the community at large. Here we begin to address this by analyzing prehistoric and historic children through dental microwear texture analysis of deciduous anterior teeth.

Long Live Joint Criminal Enterprise: With A Particular Reference To Tadić’S Interactive Construction Between “The Beast” And Specific Direction, Miguel Ângelo Loureiro Manero De Lemos

San Diego International Law Journal

The idea that Joint Criminal Enterprise, in particular its extended version, contravenes fundamental principles of criminal law has gained track. Thus, not only did the International Criminal Court distance itself from the construct but, today, the widely held view is that the extended version should be discarded, not least because it is not grounded in customary international law. This Article challenges that view. While addressing scholarly criticism towards Joint Criminal Enterprise, and demonstrating why the “beast” is a solid construction, it argues that prosecutors and judges must look past the written provisions of the Statute of the International Criminal Court …

End Crime With Harm? Castration For Sexual Offenders In Hong Kong, Max Hua Chen

San Diego International Law Journal

The issue of post-conviction treatment of sex offenders has been the subject of debate and changes to State legislation, particularly in respect of paedophile offences. One such treatment method is through chemical or physical castration on either a mandatory or a voluntary basis. In this regard, some States have implemented these measures for certain paedophile offences. Hong Kong (HK) has no such laws in place. Researchers such as William Winslade and his colleagues highlighted that whilst paedophilia may not be a stringently defined condition, it is one which involves a “reinforcing [pattern] of sexual behaviors,” with the result that sexual …

The Role Of Er Stress In Diabetes: Exploring Pathological Mechanisms Using Wolfram Syndrome, Shuntaro Morikawa, Fumihiko Urano

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a cytosolic organelle that plays an essential role in the folding and processing of new secretory proteins, including insulin. The pathogenesis of diabetes, a group of metabolic disorders caused by dysfunctional insulin secretion (Type 1 diabetes, T1DM) or insulin sensitivity (Type 2 diabetes, T2DM), is known to involve the excess accumulation of "poorly folded proteins", namely, the induction of pathogenic ER stress in pancreatic β-cells. ER stress is known to contribute to the dysfunction of the insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells. T1DM and T2DM are multifactorial diseases, especially T2DM; both environmental and genetic factors are involved in …

Vol.50 N.22 December 22nd 2022, Voice Media Ventures

Black Voice News

No abstract provided.

Usa V. Renee Tartaglione

2022 Decisions

USDC for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania

American Patriot Ambulance Ser V. Zoll Data Systems Inc

2022 Decisions

USDC for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania

Realizing Molecular Machine Learning Through Communications For Biological Ai: Future Directions And Challenges, Sasitharan Balasubramaniam, Samitha Somathilaka, Sehee Sun, Adrian Ratwatte, Massimiliano Pierobon

School of Computing: Faculty Publications

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) are weaving their way into the fabric of society, where they are playing a crucial role in numerous facets of our lives. As we witness the increased deployment of AI and ML in various types of devices, we benefit from their use into energy-efficient algorithms for low powered devices. In this paper, we investigate a scale and medium that is far smaller than conventional devices as we move towards molecular systems that can be utilized to perform machine learning functions, i.e., Molecular Machine Learning (MML). Fundamental to the operation of MML is the …

Transplantation In Pediatrics Liver Failure Associated With Acute Hepatitis Of Unknown Etiology, Afid B. Putra, Agi S. Putranto, Muftah Risyaldi, Luthfian A. Nurachman

The New Ropanasuri Journal of Surgery

Introduction. On 5^th April 2022, some cases of severe acute hepatitis of unknown etiology in children were reported in the United Kingdom. Since then, the number has increased rapidly, with 650 probable cases identified worldwide. This review focuses on available information about managing acute liver failure (ALF) in pediatrics with acute hepatitis of unknown etiology through the perspective of hepatobiliary surgery.

Method. A literature review proceeded on some databases, namely PubMed and Google Scholar. Epidemiological data and technical policy were obtained from World Health Organization and some government institutions.

Results. Severe acute hepatitis can progressively develop into acute liver …

The Potential Of Liquid For Breast Cancer: A Review, Sonar Soni Panigoro, Clarissa Kezia Yuella -

The New Ropanasuri Journal of Surgery

Introduction. Tissue biopsy is the current gold standard for cancer diagnosis, targeted treatment, and prognosis. However, biopsy is an invasive procedure that could result in postoperative bleeding, pain, and infection. Such limitations may now be resolved by the clinical technique known as liquid biopsy, which enables a better representation of disease status.

Method. This literature review was conducted through online databases (PubMed, Ascopubs, EuroPMC) using the following keywords: "liquid biopsy", "ctDNA", "CTC", "breast cancer", "pathogenesis of breast cancer", "tumor microenvironment”, “ctdna detection technologies”, "early diagnosis", "targeted therapy" ,"monitoring disease progression”, and "prognosis”. The literature search was conducted using the PRISMA …

Evaluation And Revision Of The Practice Environment Scale Of The Nursing Work Index For Acute Care Hospital Staff Nurses, Caitlin M. Campbell

Dissertations

The Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index (PES-NWI) is the most frequently used instrument for measuring the nursing work environment. The original PES-NWI obtained its items directly from the parent instrument, the Nursing Work Index, which was developed in the 1980s. However, potential value change among younger generations and vast historical, social, and technological transformations in the way healthcare is provided may have led to different factors that compose a favorable work environment for nurses working today.

Forming Identities In Young English Language Learners, Angela Curry

Master’s Theses and Projects

No abstract provided.

The Weekly Challenger, December 22, 2022, The Weekly Challenger, Et Al

Weekly Challenger Newspaper Collection

The December 22, 2022, issue of The Weekly Challenger.

Robust Dynamic Space-Time Panel Data Models Using Ε- Contamination: An Application To Crop Yields And Climate Change, Badi H. Baltagi, Georges Bresson, Anoop Chaturvedi, Guy Lacroix

Center for Policy Research

This paper extends the Baltagi et al. (2018, 2021) static and dynamic ε-contamination papers to dynamic space-time models. We investigate the robustness of Bayesian panel data models to possible misspecification of the prior distribution. The proposed robust Bayesian approach de-parts from the standard Bayesian framework in two ways. First, we consider the ε-contamination class of prior distributions for the model parameters as well as for the individual effects. Second, both the base elicited priors and the ε-contamination priors use Zellner (1986)’s g-priors for the variance-covariance matrices. We propose a general “toolbox” for a wide range of specifications which includes the …

The Impact On Gay Men Of Support And Enforcement Of Workplace Dei Policies: A Meta Analysis, Steven M. Vega

Student Theses and Dissertations

The poor enforcement of workplace DEI policies affects gay men in ways that are unique and invite close attention. The nature of the impact of missing or unsupported DEI policies on gay men has been widely debated in the field of human resources and communication studies, with scholars such as David Wicks, Helen Seitzer, James Ward, and Diana Winstansley arguing that these effects include lasting negative mental and physical health effects and discomfort with self-disclosure in the workplace. However, the existing research on this topic has not sufficiently considered the effects of the poor enforcement of workplace DEI policies side …

A Tree-Ring Record Of Historical Fire Activity In A Piedmont Longleaf Pine (Pinus Palustris Mill.) Woodland In North Carolina, Usa, Monica T. Rother, Thomas W. Patterson, Paul A. Knapp, Tyler J. Mitchell, Nell Allen

Faculty Publications

CO₂ capture from industrial point source waste streams represents an important need for achieving the global goal of carbon-neutrality. Compared with conventional liquid sorbents, solid sorbents can exhibit several distinct advantages, including enhanced lifetime and reduced energy consumption for sorbent regeneration. Considering that reducing CO₂ emission is a great challenge, reaching approximately 37 billion metric tons just in 2021, ideal sorbent solutions should not only exhibit a high capture performance but also enable large scale manufacturing using low-cost precursors and simple processes. In this work, we demonstrate the use of a commodity polymer, polystyrene-block-polyisoprene-block-polystyrene …