Digital Commons Network^™

Under The Influence Of Light: How Light Pollution Disrupts Personality And Metabolism In Hermit Crabs, M. Velasque, J. A. Denton, M. Briffa

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Anthropogenic disturbances are known to cause significant physiological and behavioural changes in animals and, thus, are the critical focus of numerous studies. Light pollution is an increasingly recognised source of disturbance that has the potential to impact animal physiology and behaviour. Here, we investigate the effect of constant light on a personality trait and metabolic rate in the European hermit crab Pagurus bernhardus. We used Bayesian mixed models to estimate average behavioural change (i.e. sample mean level behavioural plasticity) and between- and within-individual variation in boldness in response to laboratory light. Hermit crabs experiencing constant light were consistently less bold …

Behavior Of Concrete Reinforced With Date Palm Fibers, Elias Ali

Faculty Scholarship

In recent decades, researchers have begun to investigate innovative sustainable construction materials for the development of greener and more environmentally friendly infrastructures. The main purpose of this article is to investigate the possibility of employing date palm tree waste as a natural fiber alternative for conventional steel and polypropylene fibers (PPFs) in concrete. Date palm fibers are a common agricultural waste in Middle Eastern nations, particularly Saudi Arabia. As a result, this research examined the engineering properties of high‐strength concrete using date palm fibers, as well as the performance of traditional steel and PPF concrete. The concrete samples were made …

The Biological Roles Of Tau Protein In The Vasculature And The Regulation Of Vegfr1 Signaling By Heparan Sulfate, Yanan Zhu

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

My dissertation consists of two research projects. The first project investigated the roles of extracellular tau in the vasculature, including tau-induced angiogenesis and tau internalization, a topic related to tauopathy. The second project was to understand the regulatory functions of heparan sulfate proteoglycans in VEGFR1 signaling.

Tauopathies are a class of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, and are characterized by the appearance of intraneuronal tau inclusion in the brain and the patient's cognitive decline. Recent studies have emerged that soluble and aggregated tau also exists outside neurons in the central nervous system. Intriguingly, overexpressing tau in neurons in the mouse …

An Allosteric Modulator Activates Bk Channels By Perturbing Coupling Between Ca2+ Binding And Pore Opening, Guohui Zhang, Xianjin Xu, Zhiguang Jia, Yanyan Geng, Hongwu Liang, Jingyi Shi, Martina Marras, Carlota Abella, Karl L Magleby, Jonathan R Silva, Jianhan Chen, Xiaoqin Zou, Jianmin Cui

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BK type Ca

Potential Role Of Dietary Nitrate In Relation To Cardiovascular And Cerebrovascular Health, Cognition, Cognitive Decline And Dementia: A Review, Anjana Rajendra, Nicola P. Bondonno, Stephanie R. Rainey-Smith, Samantha L. Gardener, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Catherine P. Bondonno

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

There is currently no effective treatment for dementia, of which Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form. It is, therefore, imperative to focus on evidence-based preventive strategies to combat this extremely debilitating chronic disease. Nitric oxide (NO) is a key signalling molecule in the cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and central nervous systems. Vegetables rich in nitrate, such as spinach and beetroot, are an important source of NO, with beneficial effects on validated markers of cardiovascular health and an association with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease. Given the link between cardiovascular disease risk factors and dementia, together with the important role …

Tau Kinetics In Alzheimer's Disease, Daniel B. Hier, Sima Azizi, Matthew S. Thimgan, Donald C. Wunsch

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Cytoskeletal Protein Tau is Implicated in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease Which is Characterized by Intra-Neuronal Neurofibrillary Tangles Containing Abnormally Phosphorylated Insoluble Tau. Levels of Soluble Tau Are Elevated in the Brain, the CSF, and the Plasma of Patients with Alzheimer's Disease. to Better Understand the Causes of These Elevated Levels of Tau, We Propose a Three-Compartment Kinetic Model (Brain, CSF, and Plasma). the Model Assumes that the Synthesis of Tau Follows Zero-Order Kinetics (Uncorrelated with Compartmental Tau Levels) and that the Release, Absorption, and Clearance of Tau is Governed by First-Order Kinetics (Linearly Related to Compartmental Tau Levels). …

Uncovering The Biological Basis Of Control Energy: Structural And Metabolic Correlates Of Energy Inefficiency In Temporal Lobe Epilepsy, Xiaosong He, Lorenzo Caciagli, Linden Parkes, Jennifer Stiso, Teresa M. Karrer, Jason Z. Kim, Zhixin Lu, Tommaso Menara, Fabio Pasqualetti, Michael R. Sperling, Joseph I. Tracy, Dani S. Bassett

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

Network control theory is increasingly used to profile the brain's energy landscape via simulations of neural dynamics. This approach estimates the control energy required to simulate the activation of brain circuits based on structural connectome measured using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging, thereby quantifying those circuits' energetic efficiency. The biological basis of control energy, however, remains unknown, hampering its further application. To fill this gap, investigating temporal lobe epilepsy as a lesion model, we show that patients require higher control energy to activate the limbic network than healthy volunteers, especially ipsilateral to the seizure focus. The energetic imbalance between ipsilateral and …

Oregon State Rank Assessment For Southern Torrent Salamander (Rhyacotriton Variegatus), Eleanor P. Gaines

Institute for Natural Resources Publications

Oregon state rank assessment for Southern torrent salamander (Rhyacotriton variegatus) following NatureServe methodology, 2022.

Anthropogenic Fecal Pollution Affects Microbial Water Quality And Multidrug Resistance In Tropical Aquatic Environments, Adriana González-Fernández

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Although an often-overlooked issue, fecal pollution at recreational beaches should concerneveryone. Worldwide more than 80% of wastewater is discharged into rivers or the ocean without any treatment. Untreated and inefficiently treated wastewater can introduce diseasecausing microorganisms into the aquatic environment. Fecal-borne pathogens can also originate in animal waste, and humans can be exposed to these pathogens from poorly managed animal feces that make their way into the aquatic environment. Exposure to waterborne pathogens in recreational waters is a public health hazard, as it facilitates the transmission of waterborne illness, and surface waters serve as natural reservoirs of antibiotic resistant bacteria …

Surviving A Broken System: Synergies Between Solidarity Economies And Sustainable Development Goals, Julie Beach

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Capitalism has created problems including wealth polarization, rapid depletion of natural resources, and pervasive systemic societal issues. Hard work is not enough to solve the unequal distribution and barriers preventing access to necessities. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were created to remedy the harsh reality of global inequities and negative environmental impacts by working towards a more just and equitable future for all. Solidarity Economies (SE) offer an alternative framework to achieve these goals.

This research used multiple qualitative methods to investigate the synergies between SE and SDGs in a growing urban environment. St. Petersburg, FL struggles with affordable housing, food …

Development Of An Automated Platform For Sensing And Differentiating Vapor-Phase Btex Constituents, Jonathan Samuelson

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Light aromatic hydrocarbons are an inevitable byproduct of fossil fuel extraction, refinement, distribution, and use. The four lightest and most prevalent of these are benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene, which are known collectively as BTEX. In spite of their chemical similarity these species have markedly different effects on human health and substantially different concentrations are permitted by OSHA in workplaces and by the EPA in ambient air and groundwater. Real-time detection, identification, and quantification of these species is therefore of great importance wherever they see industrial use.This work represents the continuation and advancement of a line of research in which …

An Anthropology With Human Waste Management: Non-Humans, The State, And Matters Of Care On The Placencia Peninsula, Belize, William Alex Webb

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The management of human waste is a seldom studied phenomenon in anthropology. Yet across the globe, in countries both rich and poor, it presents pervasive and difficult to tame problems. This dissertation draws on complimentary theories of management and entanglements to explore the practices and processes of organizing human waste on the Placencia Peninsula, Belize. The results illustrate how problems are conditioned and defined by messy relations between institutions, people, technologies, materials, and ecological life.

Fieldwork and analysis for this work was a culmination of years of interdisciplinary collaboration between other anthropologists and engineers at the University of South Florida. …

Rangeland Ecological Management Counter-Measures Study Of Xinjiang, H. X. Cui, J. Li, S. Asiya, J. L. Zhang, Jialin

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Xinjiang is located in the hinterland of the Asian-Euro continental area and far from the ocean. It is surrounded by mountains and forms a physiognomic landscape of two basins located in three mountains. This results in an extremely droughty continental climate and a harsh environment in the Temperate Zone. However, the geographical environment is diverse in the Xinjiang Autonomous region, the three high mountains and complicated geographical structure results in changes in ecological conditions with altitude and a diverse ecological environment. Because of the drought characteristics the desert area has developed different types of vegetation, and the complexity of the …

Nitrogen Dynamics Following The Break-Up Of Grassland On Three Different Sandy Soils, Manfred Kayser, K. Seidel, J. Müller

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Nitrogen (N) is accumulated under grassland depending on factors such as soil type, management, and fertiliser input. Break-up of grassland stimulates mineralisation of organic N and may lead to increased soil mineral N and leaching losses (Lloyd, 1992). The objective of this study was to find out how site factors, e.g. soil, previous management and sward age, the following crop and the new level of N fertiliser affect the amount of inorganic N in autumn and the preceding mineralisation processes when grassland is ploughed in spring.

Leaching Losses Of N, P And K From Grazed Legume Based Swards: Some Preliminary Results, E. R. Dixon, A. C. Stone, D. Scholefield, D. J. Hatch

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

There is increasing interest in sustainable agricultural systems because of environmental concerns. Animal production which utilises mixed grass and legume swards could be an effective measure in increasing the efficiency of nutrient utilisation, and investigation into different legume species is necessary. Leaching losses of N, P and K from 3 legume species under grazing by sheep were measured using Teflon-coated suction cups. The experiment took place on the UK site of the EU-funded, multi-site experiment – LEGGRAZE.

Maximising Slurry Crop Available Nitrogen Utilisation In Grassland Systems, J. R. Williams, E. Sagoo, B. J. Chambers, J. Laws, D. R. Chadwick

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In the UK, approximately 90 million tonnes of animal manure containing ca 450,000 tonnes of nitrogen (N) are recycled to agricultural land each year. The efficient utilisation of manure N can save farmers money and reduce diffuse air (ammonia) and water (nitrate) pollution. For slurries, bandspreading techniques (e.g. trailing shoe and trailing hose) can improve N utilisation by reducing ammonia volatilisation losses compared with conventional broadcast applications. They also provide increased spreading opportunities in spring/summer as slurry is placed in a band on the soil surface limiting herbage contamination, which can reduce the need to apply slurry in the autumn/early …

Phosphorus Transfer To River Water From Grassland Catchments In Ireland, H. Tunney, P. Jordan, G. Kiely, R. Moles, G. Morgan, P. Byrne, W. Menary, K. Daly

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In Ireland it is estimated that at least half of phosphorus (P) loss to water is from agricultural sources and National and European Union policy and legislation aim at reducing phosphorus (P) loss to water in order to reduce eutrophication. In Ireland, the average soil test P (STP) levels increased ten-fold, from less than 1 to over 8 mg Morgan P per l soil over the past 50 years, reflecting increased P inputs in fertiliser and animal feed. One of the main objectives of this three-year research programme, started in 2001, was to investigate P loss to water in grassland …

Toward A Theoretical Model For Scientific Information Seeking, Mirza Muhammad Akbar

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

According to the literature reviewed in this article, faculty members who are involved in research have a variety of information-seeking behaviours. Scholarly information needs are represented in a new way by a new model. Career advancement, discovery tools, and interpersonal networks all play a role in the model's design. TD Wilson and James Krikelas' theoretical frameworks play a significant role in constructing the model for describing scientific information needs. University administrators and librarians can use this model to help faculty with their information-seeking, research, and teaching endeavors.

Gzmk(High) Cd8(+) T Effector Memory Cells Are Associated With Cd15(High) Neutrophil Abundance In Non-Metastatic Colorectal Tumors And Predict Poor Clinical Outcome, Silvia Tiberti, Carlotta Catozzi, Ottavio Croci, Mattia Ballerini, Danilo Cagnina, Chiara Soriani, Caterina Scirgolea, Zheng Gong, Jiatai He, Angeli D Macandog, Amir Nabinejad, Carina B Nava Lauson, Arianna Quinte', Giovanni Bertalot, Wanda L Petz, Simona P Ravenda, Valerio Licursi, Paola Paci, Marco Rasponi, Luca Rotta, Nicola Fazio, Guangwen Ren, Uberto Fumagalli-Romario, Martin H Schaefer, Stefano Campaner, Enrico Lugli, Luigi Nezi, Teresa Manzo

Faculty Research 2022

CD8+ T cells are a major prognostic determinant in solid tumors, including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, understanding how the interplay between different immune cells impacts on clinical outcome is still in its infancy. Here, we describe that the interaction of tumor infiltrating neutrophils expressing high levels of CD15 with CD8+ T effector memory cells (TEM) correlates with tumor progression. Mechanistically, stromal cell-derived factor-1 (CXCL12/ SDF-1) promotes the retention of neutrophils within tumors, increasing the crosstalk with CD8+ T cells. As a consequence of the contact-mediated inter- action with neutrophils, CD8+ T cells are skewed to produce high levels of GZMK, …

Faculty Senate Executive Committee Meeting, Agenda, November 14, 2022, Utah State University

Faculty Senate & Faculty Senate Executive Committee

• Call to Order
  Approval of Minutes – October 17, 2022
• University Business
• Information
  Educational Policies Committee – November 3, 2022
• Reports
  Faculty Evaluation Committee Annual Report
  USUSA Annual Report
  Honors Annual Report
• Old Business
• New Business
  Office of Equity Additional Training
  Code 404 Faculty Appointments Track Changes | Final Clean

Sea-Level Rise Practitioner Workshop Report: Leading Practices And Current Challenges, Ray Boyle, Daniella Hirschfeld, David Behar

Landscape Architecture and Environmental Planning Faculty Publications

Seas are rising, and so is action in coastal communities to prepare. The uncertain timing of rising seas, difficulties evaluating long-term rise while facing more immediate causes of flooding such as typhoons and fluvial flooding, and simply the threat of permanent inundation of coastal zones settled for hundreds or thousands of years presents unprecedented challenges. As in all sectors impacted by anthropogenic climate change, working with others facing novel challenges to share progress and difficulties, collaborate regionally, and build competence and confidence in finding solutions can be invaluable.

Inertial Motion On The Earth's Spheroidal Surface, Boyd F. Edwards, Cade Pankey, John M. Edwards

All Physics Faculty Publications

As seen by an observer in the rotating frame, the earth’s small spheroidal deformations neutralize the centrifugal force, leaving only the smaller Coriolis force to govern the “inertial” motion of objects that move on its surface, assumed smooth and frictionless. Previous studies of inertial motion employ weakly spheroidal equations of motion that ignore the influence of the centrifugal force and yet treat the earth as a sphere. The latitude dependence of these equations renders them strongly nonlinear. We derive and justify these equations and use them to identify, classify, name, describe, and illustrate all possible classes of inertial motion, including …

Caching Behavior In Burying Beetles, Stephen T. Trumbo

EEB Articles

Being the first to discover a resource can provide a competitive advantage (priority effect), even for an animal that is inferior in aggressive contests. Nicrophorus spp. (burying beetles) are known for caching a small vertebrate carcass as provision for their young, reducing volatile cues available to rivals by burying the carcass (vertical movement) and by altering the microbial community. A decomposing carcass, however, can leave cues (residues of decay) on soil and leaf litter that a burying beetle has less opportunity to neutralize. I investigated whether horizontal movement of the carcass by burying beetles, separating the carcass from soil at …

Dietary Supplementation With Black Raspberries Altered The Gut Microbiome Composition In A Mouse Model Of Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer, Although With Differing Effects For A Healthy Versus A Western Basal Diet, Abby D. Benninghoff

Browse all Datasets

Black raspberries (BRB) are rich in anthocyanins with purported anti-inflammatory properties. However, it is not known whether dietary supplementation would ameliorate Western-diet enhanced gut inflammation and colon tumorigenesis. We employed a mouse model of colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with 5 to 10% (w/w) whole, freeze-dried BRB in male C57BL/6J mice fed either a standard healthy diet (AIN93G) or the total Western diet (TWD). In a pilot study, BRB suppressed colitis and colon tumorigenesis while also shifting the composition of the fecal microbiome in favor of taxa with purported health benefits, including Bifidobacteria pseudolongum. …

James Cason, Oral History Interview, 2022, Jaquan Brown

COVID-19 Oral Histories

In October and November of 2022, You Li's Journalism 313 students conducted oral history interviews with one another to document the student experience of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this interview, EMU undergraduate James Cason describes being a member of the Peace Corps during COVID, and his experiences travelling.

Student Senate Meeting Minutes November 8, 2022, Student Senate-Winona State University

Student Senate Meeting Minutes

This document is the official Winona State University Student Senate Minutes November 8, 2022.

Molecular Diagnostic Survey Of Honey Bee, Apis Mellifera L., Pathogens And Parasites From Arkansas, Usa, Dylan Cleary, Allen L. Szalanski

Entomology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Managed honey bee populations have fluctuated over the past several decades in the U.S. While a single factor has not been identified for these losses, the interaction between multiple biotic and abiotic stressors have been suggested to be responsible. Of major concern are several invasive parasite and pathogen species as well as colony management. A single honey bee colony often suffers from multiple harmful agents, that may act synergistically and cause greater declines in bee health. We conducted a survey to detect known and lesser-known honey bee parasites and pathogens. While previous research has primarily focused on commercially managed colonies, …

The Promise And The Peril: Artificial Intelligence And Employment Discrimination, Keith E. Sonderling, Bradford J. Kelley, Lance Casimir

University of Miami Law Review

Artificial intelligence (“AI”) is undeniably transforming the workplace, though many implications remain unknown. Employers increasingly rely on algorithms to determine who gets interviewed, hired, promoted, developed, disciplined, or fired. If appropriately designed and applied, AI promises to help workers find their most rewarding jobs, match companies with their most valuable and productive employees, and advance diversity, inclusion, and accessibility in the work- place. Notwithstanding its positive impacts, however, AI poses new perils for employment discrimination, especially when designed or used improperly.

This Article examines the interaction between AI and federal employment antidiscrimination law. This Article explores the legal landscape including …

Selective Foraging Behavior Of Seabirds In Small‐Scale Slicks, Lilian Lieber, Cynthia Füchtencordsjürgen, Rebecca L. Hilder, Paula J. Revering, Ina Siekmann, Roland Langrock, Wam Nimmo‐Smith

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Marine predator foraging opportunities are often driven by dynamic physical processes enhancing prey accessibility. Surface slicks are ubiquitous yet ephemeral ocean features where convergent flows accumulate flotsam, concentrating marine organisms and pollutants. Slicks can manifest on the sea surface as meandering lines and seabirds often associate with slicks. Yet, how slicks may influence the fine-scale foraging behavior of seabirds is only coarsely resolved. Here we show that seabirds selectively forage in small-scale slicks. We used aerial drone technology to track surface-foraging terns (Sternidae, 107 tracks) over evolving slicks advected by the mean flow and reshaped by localized turbulence at scales …

Cardiac Myosin-Specific Autoimmune T Cells Contribute To Immune-Checkpoint-Inhibitor-Associated Myocarditis, Johns Hopkins University School Of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School Of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University Whiting School Of Engineering, Ninaad Lasrado, Jay Reddy, Daniela Ciháková

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are an effective therapy for various cancers; however, they can induce immune-related adverse events (irAEs) as a side effect. Myocarditis is an uncommon, but fatal, irAE caused after ICI treatments. Currently, the mechanism of ICI-associated myocarditis is unclear. Here, we show the development of myocarditis in A/J mice induced by anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) administration alone without tumor cell inoculation, immunization, or viral infection. Mice with myocarditis have increased cardiac infiltration, elevated cardiac troponin levels, and arrhythmia. Anti-PD-1 mAb treatment also causes irAEs in other organs. Autoimmune T cells recognizing cardiac myosin are activated and increased …