Digital Commons Network^™

Glycerol Carbonate Production From Glycerol And Diethyl Carbonate: A Comparative Study Between A Separated Reaction/Distillation (Srd) Process And A Reactive Distillation (Rd) Process, Chayanin Sriharuethai

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Glycerol carbonate is one of the valuable products that can be converted from glycerol produced in the biodiesel industry. In this work, the continuous process of glycerol carbonate production via transesterification from crude glycerol and diethyl carbonate will be developed using Aspen Plus simulation. There are two processes to be considered. First, the separated reaction/distillation (SRD) process consists of a continuously stirred tank reactor for the reaction section and a distillation column for the purification section. Second, the reactive distillation (RD) process consists of a reactive distillation column that can accommodate both the reaction and purification in a single column, …

Simultaneous Reaction And Separation Technologies For Biodiesel Production Derived From Alternative Feedstocks, Nattawat Petchsoongsakul

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This research focused on the production of biodiesel using hybridized reactive distillation (hybridized RD) and centrifugal contractor reactor (CCR) from waste cooking oil (WCO) to reduce the operating cost. However, WCO contains some water which can cause saponification. The study showed that using two heat exchangers with hybridized RD is a simple method for water removal but it required the highest energy and cost (1.63 $/kg biodiesel). The extended spacing stage for water removal required a new hybridized RD construction with additional spacing stages. This method can handle and require less energy, resulting in lower cost (1.07 $/kg biodiesel). The …

Sulfur-Tolerant Cobalt-Doped La0.3sr0.7tio3-D-Perovskite Cathode For Intermediate-Temperature Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell, Natthamon Nuengjumnong

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Lanthanum doped strontium titanate (LST) is a perovskite cathode in Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell (SOEC) which shows great performance in syngas production from CO2 and steam feed. However, the LST type cathode suffers from structural stability. Sulfur containing in industrial exhaust gas can affect its durability which inhibit the technology in real application. Therefore, to improve sulfur tolerance, La0.3Sr0.7Ti1-yCoyO3-δ (LSTC) by adding Co2+ metal ion at B-site when y is 0 to 20%mol was synthesized. Citrate acid-nitrate combustion method was used and the synthesized powder. LST and La0.3Sr0.7Ti0.9Co0.10O3-δ (LSTC0.10) exhibited single phase perovskite while La2O3 and La(OH)3 were observed in …

Improvement Of Hydrodynamics And Heat Transfer In Biomass Fluidized Bed Combustor With Immersed Tubes Using Cfd-Dem, Krittin Korkerd

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Computational Fluid Dynamics coupled with Discrete Element Method (CFD-DEM) has been extensively utilized for studying hydrodynamics and heat transfer in fluidization processes. This study specifically focuses on improving hydrodynamics and heat transfer in a biomass fluidized bed combustor with immersed tubes. The investigation involves the use of mixed biomass, exploring the effects of biomass types, biomass loading, and blending ratios to propose criteria for selecting suitable biomass fuel for the system. Design parameters related to the immersed tubes, such as the angle between tubes, tube diameters, and distance between tubes, were also considered. A data-driven model was developed based on …

Chemical Constituents From The Fresh Pericarps Of Mature Mangosteen Fruit Garcinia Mangostana, Ahmad Tijani Azeez

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

α-Mangostin has been identified as a major chemical constituent in the pericarps of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana Linn.) Over time, dried pericarps of mangosteen have been subjected to studies in literature. This study aimed to explore isolation of α-mangostin and other chemical constituents from the fresh pericarps of mature mangosteen fruits and investigate their relative antioxidant and anticancer activities. Repeated column chromatography on ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of fresh mature mangosteen pericarps led to the isolation of α-mangostin (33.25% of crude extracts) as the major compound, beta-mangostin (0.225%) and gartanin (7.57%). Their antioxidant scavenging activity was investigated against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) …

Colorimetric Detection Of Norfloxacin And Ceftazidime By Modified Materials, Lalitphan Hongtanee

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Novel approaches were developed for the colorimetric detection of norfloxacin and ceftazidime using chemically modified polymer resin and cotton sponge as sensing materials, respectively. For norfloxacin detection, the optimum condition was achieved by using a resin modified with 6.0 µM Congo red at pH 6 to extract norfloxacin in 10 mL of sample at pH 2. The reaction was completed within 15 minutes. Regarding ceftazidime detection, a cotton sponge functionalized with polyethyleneimine (PEI) was fabricated and characterized by FTIR, SEM, and ninhydrin test. To fabricate the PEI-sponge, 170 mM 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES) was used to modify 1.0 g cotton fibers …

Emulsification Microextraction Using Surfactant Coupled With Colorimetric Detection For Determination Of Synthetic Dyes In Food, Niluh Indria Wardani

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

In this thesis, solidification of floating organic drop-emulsification liquid-liquid microextraction (SFOD-ELLME) was combined with digital image colorimetry (DIC) for the analysis of synthetic dyes, such as rhodamine B (RhB) and crystal violet (CV) in food and drink samples. Here, the extraction was performed by using emulsified fatty acid surfactant and freezing procedure to separate the extracting phase. The solidified floating organic drop was then taken out, liquified and dropped on the paper platform for digital image colorimetric analysis. The response surface methodology-central composite design (RSM-CCD) was used to optimize some variables that influence the extraction efficiency. A sample of 7 …

Prediction Of Soil Sorption Coefficient Of Chemicals By Molecular Modeling Technique, Wasin Pithaktrakool

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Soil pollution is one of the pollutions caused by nature and human activities, which are mostly the use of insecticide and chemical fertilizer to make plants grow well and produce more products. However, these chemicals are absorbed by soil. In this research work, properties of chemical compound affecting soil sorption were analyzed, and model that can predict soil sorption coefficient of chemicals (KOC) was examined by using quantitative structure property relationship (QSPR) technique. Totally 1,327 compounds were selected, and their three-dimensional structures were constructed. Semi-empirical PM7 method was used for geometry optimization calculations. A total of 1,536 physicochemical properties were …

Neuroprotective Effect Of Intranasal Delivery Of Asiatic Acid Against Amyloid Beta1-42-Induced Alzheimer's Disease In Mice, Ridho Islamie

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Asiatic acid (AA) is an active natural compound that can be derived from Centella asiatica extract. Several pharmacological studies were reported that AA has potential as neuroprotector in the central nervous system disorders. AA penetration in the brain was limited due to its low bioavailability. Nasal delivery system of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) loaded-AA was developed to increase AA penetration in the brain. The current study aimed to investigate neuroprotective effect and protective mechanisms of AA in SLNs by nasal-to-brain delivery technique against Aβ1–42 induced memory impairment by in vivo study. Male ICR mice were divided into six groups (n=11-12/group); …

Effects Of Lipopolysaccharide On Mandibular And Tibial Bone Regenerationin A Murine Model Of Sle Induced By Fcγriib Deficiency, Sirikanda Jantaboon

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Although systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is known as the autoimmune disease that triggers inflammation and bone impairment, the mechanisms leading to the decrease in bone regeneration remain inadequately characterized. Patients with SLE have been observed high prevalence in bone loss due to host immune responses that may induce host antimicrobial activities. Here, this study used systemic and local lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration for mimicking infectious condition in FcγRIIB−/− mice as a lupus murine model. The results showed FcγRIIB lacking FcγRIIB−/− in mice with local and systemic LPS led to decreased cancellous bone volume in their drilled hole region of tibial and …

The Novel Cyanoacrylate Based Fluoride Varnish, Narongrit Larpbunphol

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The important factors contributing to the effectiveness of fluoride varnish are the amount of fluoride ion release and the retention time of the varnish on the tooth surface. Commercial fluoride varnishes are susceptible to mechanical removal; therefore, patients are informed to avoid eating for a few hours and refrain from tooth brushing for 12–24 h, which results in patient inconvenience. However, the novel cyanoacrylate based fluoride varnish would not have these disadvantages. This study compared the daily fluoride ion release, abrasion resistance to brushing, and toxicity to human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) between a newly-developed cyanoacrylate based fluoride varnish and Duraphat …

Human Health Risk Assessment Of Heavy Metals In Roadside Dust Near Hydropower Dams Construction Areas In Wangduephodrang District Of Bhutan, Kinley Dorjee

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The concern over the heavy metal laden dust and its impact on human health has gained global importance over the decade. Exposure to roadside dust is associated with various acute and chronic health issues. Bhutan too is battling environmental health issues due to increasing anthropogenic and developmental activities such as hydropower dam construction. This study analyses the heavy metals concentrations in roadside dust near hydropower dam construction areas and assesses the noncancer and cancer risk of exposure to heavy metals laden dust through inhalation. This study was a cross sectional study. The roadside dust samples near hydropower dam construction in …

Mohegan Women, The Mohegan Church, And The Lasting Of The Mohegan Nation, Bethany R. Berger, Chloe Scherpa

Roger Williams University Law Review

No abstract provided.

An Uncomfortable Truth: Law As A Weapon Of Oppression Of The Indigenous Peoples Of Southern New England, James D. Diamond

Roger Williams University Law Review

No abstract provided.

Efficient Removal Of Lead Ions From Aqueous Media Using Sustainable Sources On Marine Algae, Hannah Namkoong, Erik Biehler, Gon Namkoong, Tarek M. Abdel-Fattah

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

The goal of this project is to explore a new method to efficiently remove Pb(II) ions from water by processing Undaria pinnatifida into immobilized beads using sodium alginate and calcium chloride. The resulting biosorbent was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Using immobilized U. pinnatifida, we investigated the effect of various factors on Pb(II) ion removal efficiency such as temperature, pH, ionic strength, time, and underlying biosorption mechanisms. For Pb(II) ion biosorption studies, Pb(II) ion biosorption data were obtained and analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models. It …

Grand Challenges In Low Temperature Plasmas, Xinpei Lu, Peter J. Bruggeman, Stephan Reuter, George Naidis, Annemie Bogaerts, Mounir Laroussi, Michael Keidar, Eric Robert, Jean-Michel Pouvesle, Dawei Liu, Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Low temperature plasmas (LTPs) enable to create a highly reactive environment at near ambient temperatures due to the energetic electrons with typical kinetic energies in the range of 1 to 10 eV (1 eV = 11600K), which are being used in applications ranging from plasma etching of electronic chips and additive manufacturing to plasma-assisted combustion. LTPs are at the core of many advanced technologies. Without LTPs, many of the conveniences of modern society would simply not exist. New applications of LTPs are continuously being proposed. Researchers are facing many grand challenges before these new applications can be translated to practice. …

Studying Vulnerable Populations Through An Epigenetics Lens: Proceed With Caution, Katie Saulnier, Alison Berner, Stamatina Liosi, Brian Earp, Courtney D. Berrios, Stephanie O.M. Dyke, Charles Dupras, Yann Joly

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Epigenetics – the study of mechanisms that influence and modify gene expression – is providing unique insights into how an individual’s social and physical environment impact the body at a molecular level, particularly in populations that experience stigmatization and trauma. Researchers are employing epigenetic studies to illuminate how epigenetic modifications lead to imbalances in health outcomes for vulnerable populations. However, the investigation of factors that render a population epigenetically vulnerable present particular ethical and methodological challenges. Here we are concerned with demonstrating how, in targeting certain populations for epigenetic research, this research may be pathologizing socio-cultural and medical practices in …

Definition And Detection Of Hypervulnerabilities Using A Framework For Assessing Port Resilience, Katherine Smith, Rafael Diaz, Yuzhong Shen, Francesco Longo

VMASC Publications

Long term plans for maritime ports are identifying investments that will increase their capacity while decreasing their environmental footprint and operating costs. These changes are leading to increases in complexity at a time when leaner practices are driving investments to become more strategic. As such, this work proposes a generalized definition that allows a system or entity to be classified as exceedingly vulnerable by comparing it to other entities. This definition is developed from a set of definitions gathered from disparate fields. From this definition grounded in theory, the initial rules for complex system implementation are developed and demonstrated on …

Midwestern Communities’ Reaction To The 1940s And 1950s Polio Epidemics, Lauren Mcdonald

Departmental Honors Projects

The 1940s and 50s’ polio epidemics resulted in the illness, death, and paralysis of thousands of children throughout the United States. Unlike other illnesses spread by poor sanitation which usually affected the lower classes, polio cases were far more prevalent among the middle class. Middle class neighborhoods’ conditions did not allow for natural immunity in early childhood. Prior research explored the urban and suburban middle class families in highly infected states like New York. However, the experiences of Midwesterners were largely ignored. In crowded city neighborhoods, polio could spread rapidly in a short period of time and then die down …

"Not What They Have Chapter And Verse For:" On Judgments, Assumptions, And Expectations In Austen And Eliot, Piper Dutton

Departmental Honors Projects

The nineteenth century left lasting impacts on our contemporary world, from political and economic developments to social and philosophical ones, and this extends to literature in the development of the novel as a major form. Jane Austen and George Eliot played integral roles in this maturation of the novel, as well as what Elizabeth Sabiston calls “the emerging female text and voice,” and thus both they and their art form merit continued reading and discussion (3). Novels are tools of social norms and revolution, and in the nineteenth century functioned as tools of the author in teaching their morals, worldviews, …

The Ableist Gaze And Disability Trauma: How Onscreen Representation Erases The Truth, Emily Brown

Departmental Honors Projects

This project critically engages with disability representation in the media through an uncensored autoethnography of everyday ableism. In particular, it focuses on how the Netflix series Special reveals the duality of representation: being seen is validating yet (re)traumatizing. As a queer woman with Cerebral Palsy, I’ve spent my whole life trying to find myself in TV shows and movies, latching onto the few disabled and disabled-coded characters available. I never felt fully seen until I watched Special: a show about a gay man with Cerebral Palsy gaining independence through a writing internship and romantic prospects. Special allowed me to acknowledge …

Sigirr Mutation In Human Necrotizing Enterocolitis (Nec) Disrupts Stat3-Dependent Microrna Expression In Neonatal Gut., Wei Yu, Inamul Haque, Aparna Venkatraman, Heather Menden, Sherry M. Mabry, Badal C. Roy, Sheng Xia, Jeremy W. Prokop, Shahid Umar, Aron M. Geurts, Venkatesh Sampath

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Background & aims: Single immunoglobulin interleukin-1-related receptor (SIGIRR) is a major inhibitor of Toll-like receptor signaling. Our laboratory identified a novel SIGIRR stop mutation (p.Y168X) in an infant who died of severe necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Herein, we investigated the mechanisms by which SIGIRR mutations induce Toll-like receptor hyper-responsiveness in the neonatal gut, disrupting postnatal intestinal adaptation.

Methods: Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 was used to generate transgenic mice encoding the SIGIRR p.Y168X mutation. Ileal lysates, mouse intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) lysates, and intestinal sections were used to assess inflammation, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation, …

The Value Of A Meaningful Life As A Response To The Problem Of Evil, Eric J. Silverman, M. Elizabeth Lewis Hall, Crystal Park, Jason Mcmartin, Kelly Kapic, Laura Shannonhouse, Jamie Aten, Alexis Abernethy

Faith and Philosophy: Journal of the Society of Christian Philosophers

No abstract provided.

Aquinas On Persons, Psychological Subjects, And The Coherence Of The Incarnation, Christopher Hauser

Faith and Philosophy: Journal of the Society of Christian Philosophers

No abstract provided.

Heavenly Procreation, Blake Hereth

Faith and Philosophy: Journal of the Society of Christian Philosophers

No abstract provided.

Dietary Interventions Ameliorate Infectious Colitis By Restoring The Microbiome And Promoting Stem Cell Proliferation In Mice., Ishfaq Ahmed, Kafayat Yusuf, Badal C. Roy, Jason Stubbs, Shrikant Anant, Thomas M. Attard, Venkatesh Sampath, Shahid Umar

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Decreases in short-chain-fatty-acids (SCFAs) are linked to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Yet, the mechanisms through which SCFAs promote wound healing, orchestrated by intestinal stem cells, are poorly understood. We discovered that, in mice with Citrobacter rodentium (CR)-induced infectious colitis, treatment with Pectin and Tributyrin diets reduced the severity of colitis by restoring Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes and by increasing mucus production. RNA-seq in young adult mouse colon (YAMC) cells identified higher expression of Lgr4, Lgr6, DCLK1, Muc2, and SIGGIR after Butyrate treatment. Lineage tracing in CR-infected Lgr5-EGFP-IRES-CreERT2/ROSA26-LacZ (Lgr5-R) mice also revealed an expansion of LacZ-labeled Lgr5(+) stem cells …

Typical 2-Cys Peroxiredoxins As A Defense Mechanism Against Metal-Induced Oxidative Stress In The Solitary Ascidian Ciona Robusta, Laura Drago, Diana Ferro, Rigers Bakiu, Loriano Ballarin, Gianfranco Santovito

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Typical 2-Cys peroxiredoxins (2-Cys Prdxs) are proteins with antioxidant properties belonging to the thioredoxin peroxidase family. With their peroxidase activity, they contribute to the homeostatic control of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and, therefore, participate in various physiological functions, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Although Prdxs have been shown to be potential biomarkers for monitoring aquatic environments, minimal scientific attention has been devoted to describing their molecular architecture and function in marine invertebrates. Our study aims to clarify the protective role against stress induced by exposure to metals (Cu, Zn, and Cd) of three Prdxs (Prdx2, Prdx3, and Prdx4) …

Creating A United Front: Harmonizing The United States Regulatory Policies Surrounding Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Sydney Kossow

SMU Science and Technology Law Review

Stem cell therapy is an imperative development in science and medicine that is heavily regulated worldwide. With the potential to cure illnesses, help understand disease development, and advance regenerative medicine, a harmonized regulatory policy is crucial to capitalize on the benefits of stem cells. This article examines an important topic of discussion surrounding stem cell therapy and research: the political debate on how and when embryonic stem cells can be used. In addition to examining ethical challenges, this article discusses the legal challenges surrounding using embryonic stem cells to inform regenerative therapies. Specifically, this article will examine the National Institute …

Time-Resolved Method For Spectral Analysis Based On Linear Predictive Coding, With Application To Eeg Analysis, Jin Xu

Doctoral

EEG (Electroencephalogram) signal is a biological signal in BCI (Brain-Computer Interface) systems to realise the information exchange between the brain and the external environment. It is characterised by a poor signal-to-noise ratio, is time-varying, is intermittent and contains multiple frequency components. This research work has developed a new parameterised time-frequency method called the Linear Predictive Coding Pole Processing (LPCPP) method which can be used for identifying and tracking the dominant frequency components of an EEG signal. The LPCPP method further processes LPC (Linear Predictive Coding) poles to produce a series of reduced-order filter transfer functions to estimate the dominant frequencies. …

Ammonia Cycling And Emerging Particulate Matter Pollutants Under Arable Land-Use Management: A Modelling Approach, Vivien Pohl

Doctoral

Air quality monitoring in Ireland is under the jurisdiction of the Environmental Protection Agency in compliance with the Gothenburg Protocol, EU/national legislation, and the National Clean Air Strategy. Particulate Matter (PM) has been acknowledged as a key atmospheric pollutant, with serious public health impacts and no safe threshold of exposure in place to-date. Ammonia (NH3) emissions are linked to the secondary production of PM through atmospheric reactions occurring with acidic atmospheric components such as sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and hydrochloric acid. These reactions result in the formation of ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate and ammonium chloride, among others. More than 95% …