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Covid-19: The Vaccine Race Continues, L. Hayley Burgess, Carley Castelein, Andrew Rubio, Mandelin K. Cooper

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Over a year has passed since the discovery of SARS-CoV-2 and the subsequent COVID-19 pandemic. As mitigation efforts continue, COVID-19 has claimed over half a million lives in the United States and 3.1 million lives globally. The development and availability of vaccines delivering immunity to prevent COVID-19 offers hope to end the pandemic.

Emergency use authorizations from the Food and Drug Administration have been issued in the United States for three vaccines, one each from Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna and Janssen/J&J. Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna are both mRNA vaccines with efficacy of 95% and 94.1% respectively, while the vector-based vaccine from Janssen/J&J has …

Covid-19 Swab Test Experiences Of Employees As Required By Their Employers, Isabel C. Barroquillo, Hannah Grace V. Menor, Chariz Estelle M. Segunla, Rae Crystal C. Yia

DLSU Senior High School Research Congress

Undergoing swab tests to ensure a safe work environment was required by the national government due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE, 2020) stated the need for regular swab testing of workers in various sectors to prevent the further spread of the virus. Data was gathered from the employees of the Bridgestone Company in Rosario, Cavite. The study aims to know the experiences of the Bridgestone employees who underwent the COVID-19 swab testing and to know how they viewed it in the context of workforce productivity. The researchers used a phenomenological approach and utilized interview …

Food Safety Recommendations During The Era Of Covid-19 Pandemic, Nada El Darra

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

The coronavirus disease COVID-19 is a respiratory illness declared on March 11, 2020 as a pandemic by the World Health Organization due to its rapid spread among countries since it is very contagious. Data on COVID-19 has shown that there is no evidence that the virus is transmitted by food. To reduce the risk of COVID-19 infection, it is imperative to follow a list of recommendations. It is essential within food establishments to emphasize on food safety systems implementations, including pre-requisites programmes such as good hygienic practices, good manufacturing practices, pest control, cleaning and sanitation as well as implementing Hazard …

Criminal Liability Of Covid-19 Carriers (Lebanon), Tarteel Turki Darwish

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

Since the spread of COVID-19, all governments tried to cape with this international pandemic which was classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March, 11 as a pandemic. Lebanese ministry of health, recommended in a statement issued on 21.03.2020 the date of the beginning of COVID-19 spread, that all of individuals with a confirmed or probable COVID-19 be quarantined at home and those who don’t follow the preventive precautions will be legally punished. On 04.03.2020 the Lebanese ministry of health issued an announcement no. 42 about “defining COVID-19 cases which are classified as transmitted and infectious diseases cases which …

Hand Sanitizers Use During Covid-19 Pandemic: Knowledge, Preference, And Adherence Of A Sample Of The Lebanese Population., May Saab, Souraya Domiati

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

Purpose: Preventive measure has been a gold stone in reducing the spread of Coronavirus disease of 2019. These measures include quarantine, social distancing, face mask use, and most importantly hand hygiene. Consequently, alcohol-based hand sanitizers have been used abundantly. The current study aimed to assess the knowledge, preference, and practice toward hand sanitizers of the Lebanese community, during the pandemic period.

Method: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was carried out from mid of May to mid of June 2020. Adult Lebanese residents from the 5 main Lebanese districts were invited to participate in the study. The questionnaire included demographic data, 5 …

Is Daycare A Safe Place For Kids During Covid-19 Pandemic? Opinion Of The Lebanese Middle To Low Economic Status Mothers, Souraya Domiati, Abir Wehbeh

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

Purpose: COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted the whole society including mothers who struggled between paid work, housework, and full-time childcare. Daycare used to relieve part of this burden. Accordingly, the current study aimed to assess the mothers’ acceptability of sending their children to daycare and the factors that influenced the decision.

Subject and Method: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was carried out through phone calls in November 2020. Lebanese mothers of children from 0 to 3 years were invited to participate in the study. The questionnaire included demographic data, perception of the ways of COVID-19 transmission, Snyder’s Hope Scale, and acceptability …

Knowledge And Perceptions Towards Novel Coronavirus (Covid-19) Among Lebanese Healthcare Workers, Faten Zein, Ali Samaha, Mohammad Itani, Mirna Fawaz

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

During the first week of March, the surge of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases reached over 100 countries with more than 100,000 cases. Healthcare authorities have already initiated awareness and preparedness activities beyond borders. A poor understanding of the disease among healthcare workers (HCWs) may result in delayed treatment and the rapid spread of infection. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge and perceptions of HCWs about COVID-19. A cross-sectional, web-based study was conducted among HCWs about COVID19, where a 23-item survey instrument was developed and distributed randomly to HCWs using google forms and email portals. The majority of the …

Infectious Diseases In A Warming World: Using A Modified Sir Model To Investigate The Incidence Rates Of Lyme Disease In The New England Area, Carly Sullivan

Honors Projects in Science and Technology

The effects of climate change are global and unprecedented in scale. Public health is likely to suffer as a result of the warming climate, and one particular risk is the increase in the occurrence of vector-borne diseases (VBDs) in different regions across the world. The purpose of this project is to investigate the impact of rising temperatures on the incidence rates of Lyme disease in the New England area. Following a review of the existing literature relating to the impact of climate factors on VBDs, an SIR model modified for temperature conditions will be utilized to produce several simulated scenarios. …

Multiplex Molecular Stool Testing Rarely Impacts Antimicrobial Treatment Decisions More Than Three Days After Admission, Abdul Aleem Md, Gabriela Firak, Amy Slenker Md

Research and Historical Works - 2021

Background Acute diarrheal illness in the United States is a significant cause of healthcare utilization and hospitalizations. For patients who develop diarrhea while hospitalized, testing for pathogens other than () using conventional stool testing is low yield. Newer testing modalities for infectious diarrhea such as themultiplex molecular stool testing provide an improved detection rate and a faster turn-around time compared to conventional stool testing. Methods We retrospectively examined the use of a multiplex molecular stool test at our institution for all hospital encounters over a two-year period to determine which organisms were identified ≤ 3 days and > 3 days after …

Media Analysis Of Coverage Of Environmental Issues In The Midst Of A Pandemic, Alexandria N. Miller, Lucia A. Bolles

Thinking Matters Symposium

This research aimed to answer the question “has the coronavirus impacted the print media’s coverage of important environmental issues?” The research analyzed 2 different print newspapers - The New York Times and the Wall Street Journal - to determine if there was a change in coverage of environmental news as the coronavirus spread in the US. Data for stories published in the first four days of every month from March through September was compiled for 2019 and 2020. Our findings showed a 78.85% decrease in coverage of environmental issues between 2019 and 2020 when stories related to the coronavirus pandemic …

The Minutes Of The Marshall University Graduate Council Meeting, April 30, 2021, Marshall University Graduate Council

Graduate Council Minutes

No abstract provided.

Clinical Characteristics And Outcomes Of Covid-19: Experience At A Major Tertiary Care Center In Pakistan, Nosheen Nasir, Kiren Habib, Iffat Khanum, Naveera Khan, Zehra Abdul Muhammad, Syed Faisal Mahmood

Section of Internal Medicine

Introduction: Limited data exist on clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized COVID-19 patients in low-middle income countries. We aimed to describe the clinical spectrum and outcomes of hospitalized COVID-19 patients at a tertiary-care center in Karachi, Pakistan.
Methodology: We conducted an observational study of adult COVID-19 patients hospitalized between February-June 2020. Patients with a discharge diagnosis of COVID-19 and PCR positivity were included. We created logistic regression models to understand association of clinical characteristics with illness severity and in-hospital mortality.
Results: The study population comprised 445 patients [67% males, median age 53 (IQR 40-64) years]. Majority of patients (N = …

Real-Time Gastrointestinal Infection Surveillance Through A Cloud-Based Network Of Clinical Laboratories., Juliana M. Ruzante, Katherine Olin, Breda Munoz, Jeff Nawrocki, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Lindsay Meyers

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Acute gastrointestinal infection (AGI) represents a significant public health concern. To control and treat AGI, it is critical to quickly and accurately identify its causes. The use of novel multiplex molecular assays for pathogen detection and identification provides a unique opportunity to improve pathogen detection, and better understand risk factors and burden associated with AGI in the community. In this study, de-identified results from BioFire® FilmArray® Gastrointestinal (GI) Panel were obtained from January 01, 2016 to October 31, 2018 through BioFire® Syndromic Trends (Trend), a cloud database. Data was analyzed to describe the occurrence of pathogens causing AGI across United …

Art And Aids: Viral Strategies For Visibility, Stephen Baylor Pillow

Honors Theses

“Art & AIDS: Viral Strategies for Visibility” examines the complex relationships between social stigma, healthcare, homophobia, and mortality, and how these impacted the lives of Western artists and manifested in their works. Most of the art discussed in this thesis was produced during the height of the AIDS crisis (late-1980s to mid-1990s). During this period, gay artists and their allies employed new strategies in their work to inspire activism, and convey intense emotions –– predominantly frustration, grief, and anxiety –– associated with HIV/AIDS. In the U.S., the inaction of the Reagan administration was largely due to widespread homophobia kindled by …

Potential Interactions Between Gper1 And Hiv Tat-Mediated Neurotoxicity, Shiwani Thapa

Honors Theses

Great advances have been made in the treatment of HIV, however, new infections remain consistent each year with no effective cure. The early entry of HIV virus into the central nervous system is thought to contribute to the development of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. One of the mechanisms of neurological impairment may involve actions of the neurotoxic HIV viral protein, trans-activator of transcription (Tat). Tat can be secreted from infected cells and acts as an excitotoxin, increasing the intracellular flux of Ca2+ , promoting mitochondrial dysfunction, and neural cell damage/death. Previous experiments have shown that steroid hormones such as estrogen can …

Increasing Mississippi’S Hpv Vaccination Rate: A Proposal Based On Providers’ Insights, Madison N. Thornton

Honors Theses

Despite high childhood vaccination rates for required vaccinations for kindergarten, including the MMR vaccine, Mississippi has the lowest HPV vaccination rate in the nation. This is so even though the HPV vaccine can prevent multiple cancers, including cervical cancer, of which Mississippi has the nation’s highest mortality rate. This study seeks to understand the factors surrounding Mississippi’s low HPV vaccination rate as well as potential policy solutions to increase this rate. To accomplish this, the author conducted interviews with 13 Mississippi physicians in various specialties to gather qualitative data. As a result of these interviews, the author found that the …

Anatomy Of A Conspiracy Theory: Law, Politics, And Science Denialism In The Era Of Covid-19, Brie Sherwin

Texas A&M Law Review

With COVID-19, we are facing the most serious public health threat of our lifetime. Now, more than ever, we need experts and sound scientific advice to guide critical decision-making during the pandemic. With conspiracy theories and other similar rhetorical weapons being used to discredit our scientific experts, we face a myriad of misinformation, mistruths, and all-out attacks on our experts, breeding distrust between the public and the policymakers leading the fight against the pandemic. As President Trump took office, scientists were routinely denigrated and isolated. Furthermore, science denialism has permeated its way up to the highest levels of government, resulting …

Fulfilment Of Minimum Acceptable Diet As Dominant Factor In Wasting In Children Aged 6–23 Months In Central Jakarta, Indonesia, 2019, Ervida Andina, Madinar Madinar, Endang Laksminingsih Achadi

Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN)

Wasting is a form of acute malnutrition characterized by significant and rapid weight loss resulting from inadequate food intake and infectious diseases. This study was to investigate the factors associated with wasting in children aged 6–23 months and the dominant factor among these. The study followed a cross-sectional study design. A total sample of 261 children was selected using multistage random sampling from 13 integrated healthcare centres in six administrative villages located in three sub-districts of Central Jakarta. Data was collected by measuring body weight and height and questionnaires completed through interviews carried out by trained data collectors. This study …

Factors Associated With Underweight Among Two Years Old Children In Dki Jakarta Province (Indonesian Family Life Survey 2014), Nabilla Atelya, Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika, Winda Mulianingsih

Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN)

A good health status, cognitive development, and productivity cannot be achieved without good nutrition. Nutritional status and its fulfilment of two years old children will be shaping the health status in the next age period. Unfortunately, nutritional problems like underweight is still a significant health problem in Indonesia, especially Special Capital Region of Jakarta. This study used secondary data achieved from Indonesian Family Life Survey 5 data in 2014. This study used a cross-sectional study design with a total of 135 samples of two years old children using a total sampling. Accordingly, the chi square test was used to find …

The Impact Of Disaster Tabletop Exercise On The Nurses Knowledge On Emergency Preparedness And The Influence On Professional Quality Of Life, Vivian Fuentes

All Publications

No abstract provided.

Periodontal Parameters And Anti-Cardiolipin Antibodies Following Periodontal Therapy In Chronic Periodontitis, Wan Majdiah Wan Mohamad, Noor Rashidah Saad, Siti Lailatul Akmar Zainuddin, Haslina Taib

Journal of Dentistry Indonesia

Anti-cardiolipin (anti-CL) antibodies are autoantibodies which are directed against cell membrane phospholipids. A significant number of periodontitis patients showed positive for anti-CL antibody. Objective: This study aimed to determine the periodontal parameters and anti-CL antibodies levels before and after non-surgical periodontal therapy in chronic periodontitis. Methods: This cross-sectional study had been carried out at Periodontal Clinic, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia. Thirty five chronic periodontitis (CP) and 39 non-periodontitis (NP) patients underwent clinical periodontal examination at baseline. Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), periodontal pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment loss (CAL) were measured. Scaling …

Covid-19 And Challenges To The Traditional Understanding Of Individual Medical Autonomy, Callon A. Green

Honors Theses

Throughout history, vaccines have provided the human population with the ability to combat dangerous illnesses and avoid preventable suffering. Despite the benefits vaccines provide to the public health of the United States, anti-vaccination sentiment and resistance to vaccine uptake are still prevalent in the modern day. As the COVID-19 pandemic has developed into a major public health crisis that can be controlled through vaccination, the issues underlying vaccine resistance are becoming more critical to return to normal life. Using COVID-19 as a case study, it is evident that the individual choice to deny vaccination can have consequences on the health …

Association Of Trim Gene Variation And Lpdv Infection Patterns In Wild Turkeys, Bennett Fry

Honors Theses

Emerging infectious diseases pose a serious threat to various species throughout the globe, including humans. The lymphoproliferative disease virus (LPDV) in wild turkeys is an example of disease virus whose impact on its host requires additional study. Although the first description of lymphoproliferative disease came from outbreaks in domestic turkey flocks in Europe, it is now known that LPDV is widespread in wild turkey populations in North America. In an effort to understand what may affect an individual turkey’s susceptibility to this virus, variation in part of the anti-viral TRIM62 gene was investigated. DNA was extracted from hunter-collected, turkey blood …

Underweight In Child Aged 24-59 Months In North Sumatra: The 2014 Indonesia Family Life Survey Data, Salsabila Kurnianingtyas, Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika, Winda Mulia Ningsih

Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN)

Underweight has the biggest risk against burden of disease. The aim of the study was to determine the factors related with underweight in child aged 24-59 months lived in North Sumatra based on three characteristics caused an underweight; there are child characteristics, maternal characteristics, and parenting characteristics. This study used cross-sectional design and using chi-square statistical analysis. The sample used in this study was 280 child aged 24-59 months living in North Sumatra province, Indonesia. The data was obtained from 2014 Indonesian Family Life Survey collected by RAND Corporation. Prevalence of underweight in child aged 24-59 months lived in North …

Food Insecurity Associated With Double-Burden Of Malnutrition Among Women In Reproductive Age In Ciampea Sub-District, Bogor, West Java, Seala Septiani, Ismi Irfiyanti, Tran Thi Hai, Luh Ade Wiradnyani, Aria Kekalih, Paulus Daniel Sahanggamu

Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN)

Double burdens of malnutrition among women have occurred across most developing countries including Indonesia. This study compared the associated factors among overweight and underweight of women in reproductive age (WRA) in rural Ciampea Sub-district, Bogor, West Java. This cross-sectional study surveyed the nutritional status of 575 mothers (16-49 years old) who have under two-years-old children. Nutritional status was assessed by body-mass-index (BMI) and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), food security status by US-Food Security Survey Module (US-FSSM), dietary intake by a single 24-H dietary recall. The prevalence of underweight, overweight, and obese among this group were 10%, 15.8%, and 34.2%. Food …

Overdose Prevention Sites Placement Informed By Simulation, Jing Dong

Honors Theses

In Philadelphia, people are experiencing the greatest opioid crisis in a century. Plac- ing the Overdose Prevention Site (OPS) can alleviate this crisis. However, the journey to the successful launch of the first OPS in the USA is rough. It was first accused of having a collision with federal drug laws. While Safehouse won the lawsuit and the OPS was judged to be legal in 2020, other pressure rose afterward such as the against from the public and the COVID19, which delayed the plan to open the OPS. Without solid research on the effectiveness of OPS, we thought it is …

Preserving And Empowering Local Languages Amidst The Covid-19 Pandemic; Lessons From East Kalimantan, Allan F. Lauder, Multamia R.M.T. Lauder, Kiftiawati Kiftiawati

Wacana, Journal of the Humanities of Indonesia

This article brings together two ostensibly separate subjects: language empowerment and the Covid-19 pandemic. It argues that knowledge of local languages can help disseminate health-related information on a regional level. This addresses two problems simultaneously: the problems raised by the intelligibilty of governmental healthcare protocols and the functions of the use of local languages. The article is a case study presenting a number of interventions in the languages of East Kalimantan and can be seen as an inclusive, grassroots example of health communication. The study was initially a modest attempt to generate on-the-ground examples of health information in the dominant …

Impact Of Altered Polyamine Metabolism On Streptococcus Pneumoniae Capsule, Moses Babatunde Ayoola

Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation is a compilation of published works and a manuscript that seek to understand the possible role of polyamines in the regulation of capsule in Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn, pneumococcus). Spn remains a major health risk worldwide while the capsule is widely recognized as the principal virulence factor. Polyamines on the other hand are small hydrocarbon molecules known to regulate a number of cellular processes in bacteria. This work investigates the impact of deletion of polyamine biosynthesis gene, SP_0916 (cadA, lysine decarboxylase at the time of first and second publication), on protein expression and the capsule biosynthesis of virulent pneumococcal …

Effects Of Washing Units Of Canine Red Blood Cells On Storage Lesions, Ashley Coll

Theses and Dissertations

In humans, washing stored blood products prior to transfusion reduces storage lesions and the potential for transfusion reaction, but the effectiveness of washing units of canine whole blood is unknown. The objective of this study was to determine if a manual method of washing of stored whole blood units reduced storage lesions without adversely affecting erythrocytes. Units of canine whole blood were stored for 28 days and manually washed three times with sterile .9% NaCl. Following the first wash, there was a decrease in serum potassium (P<.0001), lactate (P<.0001), pH (P=.0110), pCO2 (P<.0001), TCO2 (P<.0001), arachidonic acid (P<.0001), and thromboxane B2 (P=.0417), and increases in iCa (P=.0494), iMg (P=.0024), MCV (P<.0001), MCHC (P=.0093), RDW (P=.0009), hemoglobin (P=.0011), and MCF (P=.0006). No bacterial growth was identified on the post-transfusion samples. Manual washing of stored blood significantly reduces storage lesions after a single wash and additional washing may cause in vitro hemolysis.

Development Of Cell Cultures From The Tissues Of Ictalurid Catfish And Investigation Into The Pathogenesis Of Blue Catfish Alloherpesvirus, Vandana Dharan

Theses and Dissertations

Lack of host-specific cell cultures necessitated initiation of primary cell cultures from ictalurid catfish. Cell cultures from the fin tissues of hybrid catfish ( channel catfish x blue catfish) were developed, characterized, and species of origin molecularly authenticated. Blue catfish alloherpesvirus (BCAHV) is an Ictalurid herpesvirus. When BCAHV was inoculated onto various fish cell lines from different families, the cytopathic effects were restricted to cell lines from family Ictaluridae indicating the host-specificity of virus. A virus challenge using channel, blue, and hybrid catfish indicated mortality due to BCAHV was significantly higher in blue and hybrid catfish. Crowding influenced BCAHV pathogenesis …