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Urine Cmv Pcr Positivity And Wheezing In Children Under Two Years Old: Implications For Management And Public Health, Jing Wang, Zhaocheng Zeng, Dushuang Zuo, Xiaoyan Zhang, Zehong Su

Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Objective: Wheezing in infants and toddlers poses a challenge to clinical management due to its multifaceted etiology, including viral infections. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection has been implicated in respiratory conditions, mostly in immunocompromised individuals, but its potential role in wheezing in young children remains understudied. Methods: A total of 82 children under two years of age with wheezing were enrolled in this study, including 61 infants (<12 months) and 21 toddlers (12 to 24 months). Children were categorized into CMV-positive (n=49) and CMV-negative (n=33) groups based on urine PCR tests. Hematological profiles were examined on admission in all children. For CMV positive children, additional hematological evaluations were conducted at 2 weeks and 4 weeks following initiation of antiviral therapy. These children received a ganciclovir regimen (Induction: 5 mg/kg IV, q12h for 2 weeks; Maintenance: 5mg/kg IV q24h, 24 weeks). Results: On admission, CMV-positive children had significantly higher white blood cell (WBC) counts (12.16 vs. 8.39 ×109/L, P=0.004), leukocyte counts (6.92 vs. 4.49 ×109/L, P=0.010), and platelet counts (341.02 vs. 258.27 ×109/L, P=0.002) compared to CMV-negative children. During ganciclovir treatment, the elevated WBC, leukocyte, and platelet levels in CMV-positive children showed significant reductions by the second week, with further notable decreases by the fourth week (P<0.05). Notably, wheezing symptoms in CMV-positive children significantly improved after ganciclovir treatment, with subsequent negative CMV test results, indicating a favorable clinical response to antiviral therapy. Conclusion: Considering the multifaceted etiology of wheezing in children under two years of age, this study suggests that CMV infection may be one of the potential causes of wheezing symptoms. These findings highlight the importance of including CMV testing as part of the diagnostic evaluation for wheezing in this population to ensure more comprehensive management.

Risk Factors For The Development Of Bronchiolitis Obliterans Following Adenovirus Infection In Children And Its Association With The Covid-19 Pandemic: Five Years Of Data From A Single Center, Fatih Ercan, Sevgi Pekcan, Nefise B. Ercan, Abdullah Akkuş, Hanife T. Çağlar, Ahmet Çağlar, Gökçen Ünal, Aslı İ. Yılmaz, Suat Savaş, Fatma N. Ayman, Özge M. Akcan, Mehmet Özdemir, Mustafa Genceli, Bahar E. Tokdemir, Ahsen N. Saylık, Sinan Saylık

Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Objective: Post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans (PIBO) is a common form of bronchiolitis obliterans in children. It can arise from various respiratory tract infections, including adenovirus. This study aimed to identify risk factors for the development of PIBO in pediatric patients following confirmed adenovirus infection. In addition, to review if the COVID-19 pandemic altered the frequency this occurred. Methods: This retrospective study included 516 pediatric patients (age 0-17 years) with confirmed adenovirus infection, who subsequently developed PIBO. For each patient demographic data, clinical characteristics (including oxygen supplementation, mechanical ventilation, ICU admission, duration of hospitalization), laboratory parameters (complete blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, …

Clinical Characteristics And Antimicrobial Resistance Trends In Neonatal Urinary Tract Infections: A Four-Year Retrospective Analysis And Clinical Implications, Bo Jiang, Xiuyi Gao

Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics, pathogen distribution, and antibiotic resistance trends of neonatal urinary tract infections (UTIs), providing a basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 82 neonates diagnosed with UTI in the NICU, including clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, and pathogen distribution. Results: Among 82 neonates with UTI, 59 were male and 23 were female, yielding a male-to-female ratio of 2.57:1. Of these, 9 were early neonatal infections and 73 were late neonatal infections; 65 were full-term and 17 were preterm. The main clinical manifestations included fever (52 cases), …

The Effects Of Non-Pharmacological Interventions During The Covid-19 Pandemic On Viral Respiratory Infections In Neonates During And Just After The Pandemic Era, Sevde N. Menemen, Ümit A. Tandırcıoğlu, Ayşegül Tuna, Serdar Alan

Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Objective: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, these globally implemented nonpharmacological interventions (NPIs) have altered the circulation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) as well as other respiratory viruses in the community. To evaluate the impact of NPIs on the incidence and severity of viral respiratory tract infection (RTI) in newborns during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The study was performed as a retrospective design between 2020-2023. Newborns with signs of upper or lower RTI who had undergone real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing were included. The study was divided into 3 periods by considering the …

Entecavir Long-Term Treatment In Nucleoside/Nucleotide-Naïve Young Children With Perinatally-Acquired Hbeag-Positive Chronic Hepatitis: A Single Center Study, Hanan Fouad, Magda Sabry, Hany Abd Elaziz, Mohamed Rabea, Shaimaa El Abrak

Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Objective: We aimed to estimate Entecavir's long-term on-treatment safety and efficacy in young children with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis, who acquired perinatally Methods: This is an observational study of 14 nucleoside/nucleotide-naïve children with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis who were candidates for Entecavir. Treatment eligibility included persistent elevation of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) for at least 6 months, high HBV viremia, and moderate to severe hepatic inflammation and/or fibrosis. Results: Participants received Entecavir for up to 5 years (2-5). Their ages at baseline were 5.1 ± 1.6 years (range, 3-8), and they had an equal gender distribution. None had coinfection with hepatitis C or …

Shortened Treatment Regimens In Paediatric Tuberculosis: Results From The First Uk Survey Of Clinical Practice, Ezgi Seager, Carrie Gillespie, Steven Welch, Jonathan Cohen, Anna Turkova, Laura F. Antolin

Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases

N/A

Functional Roles Of The Complement Immune System In Cardiac Inflammation And Hypertrophy, Kathryn D Hok, Haydn E Rich, Anthony Shadid, Lavanya Gunamalai, Tingting Weng-Mills, Rajarajan A Thandavarayan, Nirmal K Banda, Marie-Francoise Doursout, Marcos I Restrepo, Pooja Shivshankar

The Brown Foundation: Institute of Molecular Medicine

Cardiac inflammation and hypertrophy develop as a pathologic response to an array of insults, such as myocardial infarctions, chronic systemic hypertension, and valvular defects. Due to the high prevalence of such conditions, there is an increasing need to prevent and halt cardiac hypertrophy. Because cardiac damage and subsequent remodeling can lead to arrhythmias, heart failure, and even sudden cardiac death, inhibition of cardiac hypertrophy is key to reducing cardiovascular-related mortality. The immune system is the driving force behind inflammatory reactions. All three pathways of complement system activation-classical, lectin, and alternative-are implicated in developing cardiac damage, inflammation, and hypertrophy due to …

Emotional Intelligence Training Correlates With Medical Students’ Apprehension Of Ai In Healthcare: A Single-Institution, Observational Study, Austin P. Runde, Shambhavi Mishra, Marina Feffer, Ramzan Shahid

School of Medicine

Background: The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare is becoming increasingly widespread. While AI has been touted to improve many aspects of the field, its potential to undermine the doctor-patient relationship has also been recognized. It is not known what future physicians believe regarding the potential effects of AI on physicians' professional relationships. It is also unknown whether formal training in emotional intelligence (EI) and resilience strategies influences medical students' opinions on the use of AI in healthcare.

Objective: To ascertain medical students’ opinion on the potential impact of AI on various EI-related aspects of healthcare, such as its …

Establishing Priority Pediatric Antimicrobial Stewardship Interventions In The Us: Findings From A Delphi Consensus Study., Harry Obeng, Emmanuel Tetteh, Sara Malone, Lauren Walsh, Tyler Walsh, Fernando J. Bula-Rudas, Ritu Banerjee, Adam W. Brothers, Joshua C. Herigon, Katie Namtu, Scott Weissman, Daniel Riggsbee, Jared Olson, Debra Lynn Palazzi, Ann L. Wirtz, Matthew Sattler, Jessica Tansmore, Brittany A. Rodriguez, Monica Abdelnour, Joshua R. Watson, Alison C. Tribble, Jessica Gillon, Mari Nakamura, Sarah Jones, Jason G. Newland, Virginia R. Mckay

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global health threat, with children at higher risk due to developmental differences in drug metabolism, limited treatment options and inappropriate antibiotic use. Pediatric antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) face implementation challenges, often relying on adult-based guidelines and limited pediatric-specific evidence. This study aimed to identify and prioritize the most critical areas for pediatric ASP intervention development through a structured, multi-round Delphi consensus process with experts in antimicrobial stewardship and infectious diseases.

METHOD: A four-round modified Delphi process was conducted to identify and prioritize key pediatric ASP interventions. Experts in antimicrobial stewardship and infectious diseases …

Establishing Priority Pediatric Antimicrobial Stewardship Interventions In The Us: Findings From A Delphi Consensus Study, Harry Obeng, Emmanuel Tetteh, Sara Malone, Lauren Walsh, Tyler Walsh, Fernando J Bula-Rudas, Ritu Banerjee, Adam W Brothers, Joshua C Herigon, Katie Namtu, Scott Weissman, Daniel Riggsbee, Jared Olson, Debra Lynn Palazzi, Ann Wirtz, Matthew Sattler, Jessica Tansmore, Brittany A Rodriguez, Monica Abdelnour, Joshua R Watson, Alison C Tribble, Jessica Gillon, Mari Nakamura, Sarah Jones, Jason G Newland, Virginia R Mckay

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background/objectives: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global health threat, with children at higher risk due to developmental differences in drug metabolism, limited treatment options and inappropriate antibiotic use. Pediatric antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) face implementation challenges, often relying on adult-based guidelines and limited pediatric-specific evidence. This study aimed to identify and prioritize the most critical areas for pediatric ASP intervention development through a structured, multi-round Delphi consensus process with experts in antimicrobial stewardship and infectious diseases.

Method: A four-round modified Delphi process was conducted to identify and prioritize key pediatric ASP interventions. Experts in antimicrobial stewardship and infectious diseases …

Establishing Priority Pediatric Antimicrobial Stewardship Interventions In The Us: Findings From A Delphi Consensus Study, Harry Obeng, Emmanuel Tetteh, Sara Malone, Matthew Sattler, Monica Abdelnour, Virginia R Mckay, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global health threat, with children at higher risk due to developmental differences in drug metabolism, limited treatment options and inappropriate antibiotic use. Pediatric antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) face implementation challenges, often relying on adult-based guidelines and limited pediatric-specific evidence. This study aimed to identify and prioritize the most critical areas for pediatric ASP intervention development through a structured, multi-round Delphi consensus process with experts in antimicrobial stewardship and infectious diseases.

METHOD: A four-round modified Delphi process was conducted to identify and prioritize key pediatric ASP interventions. Experts in antimicrobial stewardship and infectious diseases …

The Impacts Of Chronic Infections On Shaping Cellular Senescence, Ashley Johnson, Troy Rought, Jacob Aronov, Princess Pokharel, Angelina Chiu, Azadeh Nasuhidehnavi

Pharmacy Faculty Scholarship

Cellular senescence is a fundamental biological process characterized by stable cell cycle arrest, genomic instability, and the acquisition of a proinflammatory secretory phenotype. While senescence is traditionally associated with aging, growing evidence reveals that chronic infections such as viral, bacterial, and protozoan parasites can serve as powerful inducers of senescence, contributing to premature aging and long-term tissue damage. This review explores the diverse mechanisms by which persistent pathogens trigger or sustain senescence in host cells. We highlight how these chronic infections manipulate host DNA repair, mitochondrial dynamics, telomere maintenance, oxidative stress, and immune function to promote senescence and immunosenescence. Emerging …

Targeting The Bcl2 Family: Advances And Challenges In Bh3 Mimetic-Based Therapies, Nabanita Mukherjee, James Sheetz, Yiqun Shellman

Student Papers, Posters & Projects

The BCL2 family of proteins plays a pivotal role in regulating apoptosis and cellular homeostasis, making them critical therapeutic targets in cancer and other diseases characterized by pathological cell survival. BH3 mimetics, small molecules that selectively inhibit anti-apoptotic BCL2 family members, have achieved significant clinical success, particularly in hematologic malignancies. However, several challenges remain, including resistance mechanisms, toxicity (such as MCL1 inhibitor-associated cardiotoxicity), and the intricate balance between apoptotic and non-apoptotic functions. This review provides a comprehensive overview of BCL2 family biology, the development and clinical application and outcomes of BH3 mimetics, and the emerging resistance mechanism known as double-bolt …

Vaccine And Treatment Evaluation Units: A Historical Perspective, Robert B Belshe, David I Bernstein, Kathryn M Edwards, Sharon E Frey, Wendy A Keitel, Myron M Levine, John J Treanor, Peter F Wright

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

On 27 February 1962, Surgeon General Luther Terry announced a new vaccine development program within the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). Initially, the plan had three components: (1) special laboratories and facilities for development of prototype vaccines; (2) pilot lot production facilities and preliminary vaccine trial sites; and (3) larger lot production capacity and expanded human testing. Respiratory viruses were targeted as the top priority for vaccine development. Over 5 decades, this program has evolved and expanded to include multiple academic vaccine evaluation sites within the network, now labeled as the Vaccine and Treatment Evaluation Units (VTEUs). …

2014 - Appalachian Student Research Forum Program Booklet, Appalachian Student Research Forum, East Tennessee State University

Appalachian Student Research Forum

No abstract provided.

2009 - Appalachian Student Research Forum Program Booklet, Appalachian Student Research Forum, East Tennessee State University

Appalachian Student Research Forum

No abstract provided.

2008 - Appalachian Student Research Forum Program Booklet, Appalachian Student Research Forum, East Tennessee State University

Appalachian Student Research Forum

No abstract provided.

2005 - Appalachian Student Research Forum Program Booklet, Appalachian Student Research Forum, East Tennessee State University

Appalachian Student Research Forum

No abstract provided.

Simulasi Kenaikan Tarif Cukai Rokok Terhadap Kinerja Ekonomi Rokok Di Indonesia, Diska Agustinningtyas, Neli Agustina

Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia

Production and consumption of cigarettes in Indonesia tend to increase. Increasing production has a positive impact on state revenue. However, the increasing consumption of cigarettes harms public health. The government implemented a policy of cigarette excise tax to control cigarette consumption. This study aims to analyze the impact of increasing the cigarette tax on the economic performance of the cigarette industry. Using Two-Stage Least Squares (2SLS) estimation methods shows that cigarette production is influenced by its consumption. Cigarette consumption is influenced by its price, per capita income in the previous year, and its consumption in the previous year. Cigarette’s price …

A Quantitative Analysis Of Postmarketing Safety Events Of Breakthrough Medicines, Richard Judson Davis

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Adverse events to medicines pose a risk to the public health of patients. Breakthrough therapy medicines are designed to address unmet medical needs and are often approved on an expedited timeline; however they are also criticized for lacking an adequate understanding of their risk profile at the time of approval. This study examined the relationship between the number of concomitant medicines, as well as the approved therapeutic indication, and the outcomes of reported adverse events associated with medicines approved under the breakthrough therapy designation. The conceptual framework applied in this retrospective, cross-sectional, quantitative study is the process of pharmacovigilance, which …

Client And Clinician Priorities For Same-Day Prep And Doxy-Pep Awareness, Uptake, And Persistence In Primary Care, Nathaniel Albright

Dissertations

Approximately 70% of all new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections are among populations of sexual and gender minorities (SGM) and are primarily attributable to sexual contact. Currently, only 26% of the U.S. population who would benefit from HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) are prescribed this effective biomedical HIV prevention strategy. Biomedical prevention strategies for bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STI) like doxycycline postexposure prophylaxis (doxy-PEP), are a vital component to the successes of ending the HIV epidemic given the well-known association between STIs and risk for HIV infection. In this multiple methods study, we leveraged group concept mapping and conducted focus groups …

Trajectory Of Tinnitus Distress Across The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Of Self-Reported Symptoms, Anusha Yellamsetty, Mika Shin

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate retrospectively self-reported changes in tinnitus severity and distress associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and vaccination using validated self-report instruments. It further explored patient-reported onset of tinnitus following vaccination, gender differences in symptom severity, and associations with psychological distress. Method: A cross-sectional online survey was completed by 189 adults between December 2023 and April 2024. Participants retrospectively self-reported tinnitus onset and severity before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic using the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) and the Tinnitus Reaction Questionnaire (TRQ). Additional items assessed COVID-19 vaccination history, infection status, and adverse vaccine reactions. Repeated measures …

The Minutes Of The Marshall University Board Of Governors Meeting, October 08, 2025, Marshall University Board Of Governors

Board of Governors Minutes

No abstract provided.

Multimodal Reprogramming Of The Tumor Microenvironment By Mmr And Dual Checkpoint Blockade In Hepatocellular Carcinoma Models, Mulu Z. Tesfay, Aleksandra Cios, Khandoker Usran Ferdous, Randal S. Shelton, Bahaa Mustafa, Camila C. Simoes, Murat Gokden, Isabelle R. Miousse, Kimberly J. Krager, Marjan Boerma, Alicja Urbaniak, Anuradha Kunthur, Sri Obulareddy, Joshua M. Eichhorn, Steven R. Post, Jean Christopher Chamcheu, Omeed Moaven, Chiswili Y. Chabu, Dan G. Duda, Matteo Conti, Bruno Nardo, Rang Govindarajan, Martin E. Fernandez-Zapico, Lewis R. Roberts, Mitesh J. Borad, Martin J. Cannon, Alexei G. Basnakian, Bolni M. Nagalo

School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, thus, there is an urgent need to develop more effective therapeutic options for this dismal condition. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are associated with improved response to immune checkpoint blockade in HCC, but their low abundance in most cases limits their therapeutic efficacy. Here, we demonstrate, in mice, that low-dose intratumoral immunovirotherapy with the trivalent measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine (MMR) induces superior tumor-growth delay and extended host survival compared to individually administered vaccines for measles, mumps, or rubella viruses. Further, our results show that MMR therapy synergizes with PD-1 and …

A Comparison Of Deep Neural Network Compression For Citizen-Driven Tick And Mosquito Surveillance, Yichao Liu, Emmanuel Dufourq, Peter Fransson, Joacim Rocklöv

Faculty Publications

Citizen science has emerged as an effective approach for infectious disease surveillance. With advancements in machine learning, entomologists can now be relieved from the labor-intensive task of species identification. However, deploying machine learning models on mobile devices presents challenges due to constraints on battery life and memory capacity. In this study, we explore the potential of various model compression techniques for deploying machine learning models on resource-limited devices, enabling low-energy consumption and on-device processing for disease surveillance in remote or low-resource settings. We compared two main-stream model compression techniques, pruning and quantization on various mobile devices. Our findings indicate that …

From Awareness To Integration: Leading The Change For Occupational Therapy, Shirley A. Wells

Occupational Therapy Faculty Publications

In her lecture for the inaugural Dr. Lela A. Llorens Award of Excellence for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion, Dr. Shirley A. Wells acknowledges the growing importance of creating more inclusive and equitable environments across all aspects of health care, with occupational therapy being no exception. Inclusion and integration are fundamental values that should be woven into every part of the practice of occupational therapy. It is not enough to be aware of these concepts; occupational therapists must actively engage in Acts of Inclusion and Integration in their delivery of care, collaboration with clients and colleagues, and shaping of the future …

A Deep Dive Into The Nazis’ Animal World: Facilitating The Holocaust Through Symbolization, Filippa V. Frogner

The Downtown Review: An Interdisciplinary Journal Written and Peer-Reviewed by Mandel Honors College Students at Cleveland State University

This paper examines the use of animal symbolism in Nazi propaganda as a tool to dehumanize Jewish individuals and facilitate the Holocaust. Through an analysis of propaganda posters, films, and literature, it highlights how Jews were consistently depicted as animals such as rats, cockroaches, and monkeys—symbols associated with filth, disease, and inferiority. These portrayals, often reinforced by explicit textual messages, stripped Jews of their humanity and encouraged widespread acceptance of their persecution and extermination.

By exploring the methods, extent, and consequences of this dehumanizing propaganda, the paper sheds light on the critical role of animal symbolism in shaping public perception …

Approved Courses 10-7-25, Angela Brock

Individual Course Committee (ICC)

No abstract provided.

Icc Agenda 10-7-25, Angela Brock

Individual Course Committee (ICC)

No abstract provided.

Ucc Minutes 10-7-25, Angela Brock

UCC Agendas/Minutes

No abstract provided.