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2020

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Articles 9901 - 9930 of 32283

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Antibacterial And Antioxidant Properties Of Sorghum Distillery Residue, M.-Y. Lee, S.-H. Tsai, Y.-J. Lai Jul 2020

Antibacterial And Antioxidant Properties Of Sorghum Distillery Residue, M.-Y. Lee, S.-H. Tsai, Y.-J. Lai

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The alcohol extract (AE), cold water extract (CWE) and hot water extract (HWE) of sorghum distillery residues (SDR, also referred to in the literature as sorghum spirits lees, sorghum liquor waste, or grain sorghum dried distillers grains) were found to effectively inhibit the growth of Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli O157 : H7, Salmonella spp. and Staphylococcus aureus. As the concentration of alcohol or water extracts increased to 6 mg/mL, no survival was detected. All extracts of SDR were evaluated for their antibacterial activity, radical-scavenging activity, reducing capacity, ferrous ion-chelating activity, total antioxidant activity and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity. At a …

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Discriminating Astragali Radix From Its Adulterants Using Hplc Coupled With Chemometric Clustering Techniques, W.-W. Dong, D. Au, X.-W. Cao, X.-B. Li, D.-J. Yang Jul 2020

Discriminating Astragali Radix From Its Adulterants Using Hplc Coupled With Chemometric Clustering Techniques, W.-W. Dong, D. Au, X.-W. Cao, X.-B. Li, D.-J. Yang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A simple high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method coupled with principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) was developed for distinguishing Astragali Radix from its adulterants. Five species, including A. membranaceus var. mongolicus, A. membranaceus, H. polybotrys, A. chrysopterus and A. ernestii, were analyzed by this method. At the same time, four major bioactive isoflavonoids, namely calycosin-7-O-D-glucopyranoside, ononin, calycosin and formononetin, were simultaneously determined in Astragali Radix. This method was proven to have good precision, repeatability, stability and recovery. It was successfully applied to distinguish Astragali Radix from its adulterants species and can be used for the quality control …

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Using Orthogonal Arrays To Obtain Efficient And Reproducible Extraction Conditions Of Geniposide And Genipin In Gardenia Fruit With Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Determinations, S.-C. Wang, S.-C. Lee, C.-H. Hung, H.-J. Liao, C.-M. Huang, T.-H. Tsai Jul 2020

Using Orthogonal Arrays To Obtain Efficient And Reproducible Extraction Conditions Of Geniposide And Genipin In Gardenia Fruit With Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Determinations, S.-C. Wang, S.-C. Lee, C.-H. Hung, H.-J. Liao, C.-M. Huang, T.-H. Tsai

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The conditions to efficiently and reproducibly extract geniposide and genipin in Gardenia fruit powders were established using Taguchi experimental design approaches to improve extraction recovery. Geniposide, the major iridoid glycoside component of Gardenia fruits, which has been recognized to have choleretic effects, is transformed to Genipin in animals. In this study, the extraction conditions of geniposide and genipin such as solvent types, solvent acidities and boiling times were investigated under the guidance of experimental designs to obtain the highest content in extracts determined with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) methods. Herbal powders ground from Gardenia fruits, Gardenia jasminoides Ellis and Gardenia …

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Inhibitory Effects Of Bovine Colostrum Protein Hydrolysates On Human Leukemic U937 Cell Growth, C.-W. Chen, S.-H. Chiang, S.-Y. Wang, Y.-T. Lin, F.-Y. Lin, C.-Y. Chang Jul 2020

Inhibitory Effects Of Bovine Colostrum Protein Hydrolysates On Human Leukemic U937 Cell Growth, C.-W. Chen, S.-H. Chiang, S.-Y. Wang, Y.-T. Lin, F.-Y. Lin, C.-Y. Chang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Skimmed milk, caseins and whey proteins isolated from colostrums collected on the first to fifth days postpartum were hydrolyzed by different enzymes (alcalase, flavourzyme, and porcine small-intestinal enzymes). To investigate how different protein hydrolyastes affect cell death, leukemic U937 cells were treated with different protein hydrolysates at 100-1000 μg/mL for 24 to 120 h at 37°C in 5% CO 2 incubator. The results showed that protein hydrolysates leading to U937 cell death exhibited dose-and-time-dependent characteristics. This study also found that the proteins hydrolyzed by porcine small-intestinal enzymes have more significant effects on cell death than proteins hydrolyzed by other enzymes. …

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Evaluation Of Antioxidants Using An Arachidonic Acid-Stimulated Platelet Electron Spin Resonance System, K.-H. Hsieh, J.-J. Lee, L.-W. Lee, J.-R. Sheu, S.-T. Hwang, D.-S. Chou Jul 2020

Evaluation Of Antioxidants Using An Arachidonic Acid-Stimulated Platelet Electron Spin Resonance System, K.-H. Hsieh, J.-J. Lee, L.-W. Lee, J.-R. Sheu, S.-T. Hwang, D.-S. Chou

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A novel cell-containing assay system using electron spin resonance (ESR) and spin-trapping methods was established. We used this assay system to evaluate the antioxidant activities of various dietary antioxidants including resveratrol, lycopene, quercetin and rutin. Resveratrol showed the strongest radical-scavenging activity among the compounds tested. Our results provided useful data for the establishment of a model for evaluating the antioxidant activities of natural dietary substances in cell-containing systems.

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Study On The Contents Of Aristololactams In Piper Wallichii And Their Renal Cytotoxicities, A. Wei, D. Zhou, J. Ruan, Y. Cai, C. Xiong, G. Wu, H. Liu Jul 2020

Study On The Contents Of Aristololactams In Piper Wallichii And Their Renal Cytotoxicities, A. Wei, D. Zhou, J. Ruan, Y. Cai, C. Xiong, G. Wu, H. Liu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

In the study, three aristololactams were isolated from Piper wallichii and determined simultaneously by a HPLC method using a C 18 column with a gradient elution of methanol and water. The content ranges of the target compounds in twelve batches of Piper wallichii were 0.100-0.110 mg/g dry weight (cepharanone B), 0.198-0.208 mg/g dry weight (aristolactam AII), and 0.047-0.059 mg/g dry weight (aristololactam AIIIa), respectively. Their anti-proliferative effects in HK-2 cells were determined by MTT assay and cells membrane damage were assessed by LDH release assay. Results indicated that the test compounds showed a time- and dose-dependent cytotoxicity in HK-2 cells, …

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Preventive Effect Of Methanol Extract From Agrocybe Cylindracea (Meac) Mushroom On The Cooking Oil Fumes-Induced Expressions Of Cyclooxygenase-2 Via Suppression Of Nuclear Factor-Kappab (Nf-Kb) In Cl-3 Cells, L.-H. Wang, H. Lee, T.-A. Chiang, M.-J. Chen, S.-Y. Lin Jul 2020

Preventive Effect Of Methanol Extract From Agrocybe Cylindracea (Meac) Mushroom On The Cooking Oil Fumes-Induced Expressions Of Cyclooxygenase-2 Via Suppression Of Nuclear Factor-Kappab (Nf-Kb) In Cl-3 Cells, L.-H. Wang, H. Lee, T.-A. Chiang, M.-J. Chen, S.-Y. Lin

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Methanol extract from Agrocybe cylindracea strain B (MEAC) mushroom is reported to suppress reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and DNA oxidative damage induced by cooking oil fumes (COF). This study examined the effects of MEAC on COF-stimulated expression of the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and cytochrome P450 CYP1A1 genes in human lung adenocarcinoma CL-3 cells. MEAC did not alter COF-stimulated CYP1A1 mRNA expression. However, MEAC significantly inhibited COF (100 μg/mL) stimulation of COX-2 mRNA and protein levels in a dose-dependent manner. The concentration of MEAC that decreased COF-stimulated COX-2 protein expression by 50% was 500 μg/mL. These data suggest that MEAC selectively …

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Mesaconitine Plays The Major Role In The Antinociceptive And Anti-Inflammatory Activities Of Radix Aconiti Carmichaeli (Chuan Wu), M.C. Lai, I.-M. Liu, S.-S. Liou, Y.-S. Chang Jul 2020

Mesaconitine Plays The Major Role In The Antinociceptive And Anti-Inflammatory Activities Of Radix Aconiti Carmichaeli (Chuan Wu), M.C. Lai, I.-M. Liu, S.-S. Liou, Y.-S. Chang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

This study investigated the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the aqueous extracts of Radix Aconiti Carmichaeli (Chuan Wu) by oral gavage in mice. Carrageenan-induced paw edema served as an acute inflammation model. The acetic acid-induced writhing test and formalin-induced nociceptive responses in the early and late phases were used to assess the analgesic activity. The contents of Aconitum alkaloids were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The order of concentration of aconitine-type alkaloids in Radix Aconiti Carmichaeli was mesaconitine > aconitine > hypaconitine. Radix Aconiti Carmichaeli water extract at the dosage of 60 mg/kg not only effectively inhibited carrageenan-induced paw edema, but also …

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Areca Nut Extracts Attenuated Interferon-Γ And Antigen-Specific Igm Production In Balb/C Mice, C.-C. Wang, M.-C. Deng, T.-R. Jan Jul 2020

Areca Nut Extracts Attenuated Interferon-Γ And Antigen-Specific Igm Production In Balb/C Mice, C.-C. Wang, M.-C. Deng, T.-R. Jan

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Areca-nut chewing has been well established as a major risk factor for oral cancer and precancerous diseases, whose pathophysiology has been associated with immune deterioration. Previous studies reported that areca nut extracts (ANE) affected the functionality of lymphocytes and neutrophils in vitro. We recently showed that intraperitoneal administration of ANE modulated antigen-specific immunity and promoted inflammatory reactions in ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized mice. The objective of the present studies was to further investigate the in vivo effect of ANE on T cell-mediated immune responses. In non-sensitized mice, a single oral dose of ANE (200 mg/kg) markedly suppressed the production of interferon (IFN)-γ …

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Molecular Mechanisms In Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Interleukin 6 Release In Lymphatic Endothelial Cells, W.-H. Hsu, H.-Y. Yang, P.-T. Chiu, M.-J. Hsu Jul 2020

Molecular Mechanisms In Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Interleukin 6 Release In Lymphatic Endothelial Cells, W.-H. Hsu, H.-Y. Yang, P.-T. Chiu, M.-J. Hsu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The lymphatic vasculature is involved in the transportation of tissue fluids, extravasated plasma proteins and cells back into blood circulation. Formation of lymphatic vessels by lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) occurs both in normal tissues as well as in pathological processes including inflammation, lymphedema and tumor metastasis. Recent reports demonstrated that lymphatic vasculature is not just a major conduit for immune cell transport. It seems to be directly involved in both the induction and the resolution of inflammation. However, little is known about how lymphatic vessels themselves respond to inflammation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanism …

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C 60 Fullerene Nanoparticle Prevents Β-Amyloid Peptide Induced Cytotoxicity In Neuro 2a Cells, T.-Y. Lu, P.-F. Kao, C.-M. Lee, S.-T. Huang, C.-M. Lin Jul 2020

C 60 Fullerene Nanoparticle Prevents Β-Amyloid Peptide Induced Cytotoxicity In Neuro 2a Cells, T.-Y. Lu, P.-F. Kao, C.-M. Lee, S.-T. Huang, C.-M. Lin

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Oxidative stress, which is an early determinant of Alzheimer's disease (AD), is involved in mediating neuronal apoptosis in Aβ-induced cell death. C 60 fullerenes are known to behave like a "radical sponge" as they can sponge up free radicals and act more effectively than other antioxidants. PEG-C 60-3, a C 60 fullerene derivative, was investigated against β-amyloid (Aβ) 25-35-induced toxicity toward Neuro-2A cells in this study. PEG-C 60-3 reduced Aβ 25-35-induced cytotoxicity, which showed an increasing cell viability with C 60 and Aβ 25-35 co-treated cells. Moreover, the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation caused by Aβ-treated Neuro-2A cells was …

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Selective Stability-Indicating Methods For The Determination Of Clonidine Hydrochloride And/Or Its Related Substance, 2,6-Dichloroaniline, R.S. Haggag, S.F. Belal, R.A.-A. Shaalan Jul 2020

Selective Stability-Indicating Methods For The Determination Of Clonidine Hydrochloride And/Or Its Related Substance, 2,6-Dichloroaniline, R.S. Haggag, S.F. Belal, R.A.-A. Shaalan

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Three rapid, sensitive and selective analytical methods were developed for the determination of clonidine hydrochloride and its related substance: 2,6-dichloroaniline in a mixture of both. The first method depends on derivative-ratio spectrophotometry where the first derivative signals of the ratio spectra at 228.4 nm (Δλ = 2 nm) were selected to determine clonidine hydrochloride. The second method is based on measuring the first derivative response of 2,6-dichloroaniline at 300.8 nm with no interference from intact clonidine hydrochloride. In the third method, 2,6-dichloroaniline was determined via diazotization and coupling with N-(1-naphthyl) ethylenediamine to yield a colored azo dye which was measured …

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Development Of Wine Cake As A Skin-Whitening Agent And Humectant, H.-M. Chiang, Y.-L. Ko, I.-C. Shih, K.-C. Wen Jul 2020

Development Of Wine Cake As A Skin-Whitening Agent And Humectant, H.-M. Chiang, Y.-L. Ko, I.-C. Shih, K.-C. Wen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

In this study, 15 wine cakes from various sources were collected for the investigation of whitening and moisturizing effects. The fatty acid and free amino acid contents of the wine cakes were analyzed. The results showed that flattened yellow wine cake had the highest free amino acid contents (630 mg/100 g) among all the wine cakes tested. In addition, the fatty acid content of the wine cakes was higher than that of Japanese sake wine. Since the fatty acids and amino acids of wine cake are similar to the natural moisturizing factors and the intercellular lipids in the human epidermis, …

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Optimization Of Enzymatic Hydrolysis Conditions For Producing Soy Protein Hydrolysate With Maximum Lipolysis-Stimulating Activity, F.-J. Kao, M.-J. Tsou, H.-C. Kao, W.-D. Chiang Jul 2020

Optimization Of Enzymatic Hydrolysis Conditions For Producing Soy Protein Hydrolysate With Maximum Lipolysis-Stimulating Activity, F.-J. Kao, M.-J. Tsou, H.-C. Kao, W.-D. Chiang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The optimum hydrolysis conditions of 2.5% (w/v) soy protein isolate (SPI) with 1% (w/w of SPI) Flavourzyme® for increasing glycerol release in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes were investigated by response surface methodology (RSM). Higher glycerol release indicated higher lipolysis-stimulating activity. The independent variables were hydrolysis time (HT) 19.2-220.8 min, pH 5.32-8.68 and reaction temperature (RT) 33.2-66.8°C. Based on the response surface and contour plots, the optimum hydrolysis of SPI with Flavourzyme® for maximizing the glycerol release in the cells occurred at pH = 7.12, RT = 48.77°C and HT = 124.85 min. The F-value for lack of fit was not significant …

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Food Poisoning Caused By Sunfish Masturus Lanceolatus In Taiwan, K.-M. Huang, S.-M. Liu, Y.-W. Huang, K.-L. Huang, D.-F. Hwang Jul 2020

Food Poisoning Caused By Sunfish Masturus Lanceolatus In Taiwan, K.-M. Huang, S.-M. Liu, Y.-W. Huang, K.-L. Huang, D.-F. Hwang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Attempts was made to clarify the toxicity and species of causative sunfish fillet concerning with a food poisoning. The frozen causative sunfish fillet was collected to determine its toxicity after two people eating it found poisoned. Tetrodotoxin (TTX) was not detected, however, the butanol extract of remained causative muscle showed ichthyotoxicity to gold carp and caused human, rat and tilapia red blood cells haemolysis. Patients and rats showed some symptoms similar to those caused by palytoxin. Hence, it is possible that this food poisoning is caused by a palytoxin-like compound. Moreover, fish species of the sunfish fillet was identified by …

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Inhibitory Effects Of Polygonum Cuspidatum On The Epstein-Barr Virus Lytic Cycle, C.-Y. Yiu, S.-Y. Chen, C.-W. Huang, D.-B. Yeh, T.-P. Lin Jul 2020

Inhibitory Effects Of Polygonum Cuspidatum On The Epstein-Barr Virus Lytic Cycle, C.-Y. Yiu, S.-Y. Chen, C.-W. Huang, D.-B. Yeh, T.-P. Lin

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Polygonum cuspidatum is widely used as a medicinal herb in Asia. In this study, we examined the ethanolic extract of Polygonum cuspidatum roots (PcE) for their capacity to inhibit the EBV lytic cycle. The cell viability was determined by the MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] method. The expression of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) lytic proteins was analyzed by flow cytometric assay. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to measure the EBV virion production. Transient transfection analysis was subsequently performed to assess the transcription of lytic genes, including BRLF1 and BZLF1. Results showed that the PcE inhibited the transcription of EBV immediate early genes, the …

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New And Sensitive Spectrofluorimetric Method For The Determination Of Non-Steroidal Anti Inflammatory Drugs, Etodolac And Diclofenac Sodium In Pharmaceutical Preparations Through Derivatization With 7-Fluoro-4-Nitrobenzo-2- Oxa-1,3-Diazole, S.T. Ulu Jul 2020

New And Sensitive Spectrofluorimetric Method For The Determination Of Non-Steroidal Anti Inflammatory Drugs, Etodolac And Diclofenac Sodium In Pharmaceutical Preparations Through Derivatization With 7-Fluoro-4-Nitrobenzo-2- Oxa-1,3-Diazole, S.T. Ulu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A rapid, accurate and sensitive method was developed and validated for the determination of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, etodolac and diclofenac sodium in pharmaceutical preparations. The proposed method was based on the reaction of these drugs with 7-fluoro-4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole (NBD-F) in buffer of pH 8.5 to yield a yellow, fluorescent product. The method was validated for specificity, linearity, limit of detection, limit of quantification, precision, accuracy, recovery and robustness. Beer's law is obeyed over the concentration range of 40-600 ng/mL for etodolac, 25-500 ng/mL for diclofenac sodium, respectively. The detection limits were found to be 0.071 ng/mL for etodolac, 0.055 ng/mL for …

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Detection Of Major Rice Allergenic Proteins In Phytase-Transgenic And Non-Transgenic Rice, S.-L. Huang, H.-Y. Tsen, H.-C. Chen, W.-Z. Hwang Jul 2020

Detection Of Major Rice Allergenic Proteins In Phytase-Transgenic And Non-Transgenic Rice, S.-L. Huang, H.-Y. Tsen, H.-C. Chen, W.-Z. Hwang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The 14-16 kDa rice allergenic proteins have been reported to be the products of a multigene family, and react most frequently with IgE in serum of rice allergic patients. The aim of this study was to assay the content of endogenous 14-16 kDa rice major allergenic proteins in both phytase-transgenic (GR) and non-transgenic rice (NR) (wild-type, Oryza sative L. cv. Tainung 67). We want to investigate whether the foreign gene will change the allergenicity of rice or not, should be evaluated in order to clarify its pre-market safety. First, the RA17 gene encoding 16 kDa rice allergenic protein was amplified …

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Molybdate Assisted Ninhydrin Based Sensitive Analytical System For The Estimation Of Drugs Containing Amine Group, P. Nagaraja, A.K. Shrestha, A. Shivakumar, N.G.S. Al-Tayar Jul 2020

Molybdate Assisted Ninhydrin Based Sensitive Analytical System For The Estimation Of Drugs Containing Amine Group, P. Nagaraja, A.K. Shrestha, A. Shivakumar, N.G.S. Al-Tayar

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A sensitive spectrophotometric method for the analysis of isoniazid, lisinopril dihydrate, amoxicillin trihydrate, ampicillin trihydrate, glucosamine sulfate, phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride and gabapentin is described. The analysis is based on the reaction of drug molecules with ninhydrin and sodium molybdate mixture to give Ruhemanns purple product with maximum absorbance λmax) at 570 nm. The statistical analysis of intra-day and inter-day estimation of drugs as well as comparison with reported methods demonstrated high precision and accuracy of the proposed method. The method was successfully applied to the analysis of pharmaceutical preparations. The procedure was suitable for quality control application.

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Comparison Of Protective Effects Between Oat Β-Glucan And Phenol-Rich Extracts In Hyperlipidemic Icr Mice, Y. Li, Y.-C. Luo, G. Chen, Z.-L. Xiao, Q. Wang, L. Zhao, B.-P. Ji Jul 2020

Comparison Of Protective Effects Between Oat Β-Glucan And Phenol-Rich Extracts In Hyperlipidemic Icr Mice, Y. Li, Y.-C. Luo, G. Chen, Z.-L. Xiao, Q. Wang, L. Zhao, B.-P. Ji

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

β-Glucan in oat is widely considered as the main ingredient for the anti-hypercholesterol effects; however, phenolic compounds in oat are also regarded to possess potential activities against dyslipidemia. In order to understand the underlying mechanisms thoroughly, it is of great significance to evaluate and compare the hypolipidemic properties exerted by oat phenol-rich extract (PE) and β-glucan extract (GE) in hyperlipidemic ICR mice induced by high-fat diet. The study was conducted for 12 weeks. Both PE and GE showed a significant hypocholesterolemic action by reducing the concentration of serum total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol and hepatic TC. Only PE …

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Analysis Of Volatile Compounds In Noni Fruit (Morinda Citrifolia L.) Juice By Steam Distillation-Extraction And Solid Phase Microextraction Coupled With Gc/Aed And Gc/Ms, G.-J. Wei, C.-T. Ho, A.N.S. Huang Jul 2020

Analysis Of Volatile Compounds In Noni Fruit (Morinda Citrifolia L.) Juice By Steam Distillation-Extraction And Solid Phase Microextraction Coupled With Gc/Aed And Gc/Ms, G.-J. Wei, C.-T. Ho, A.N.S. Huang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Morinda citrifolia (Rubiaceae), also known as noni, is a plant found in the Hawaiian and Tahitian islands. It is considered as one of the most important plants brought to Hawaii by the first Polynesians. The yellow fruits have a distinctive "grenade-like" shape and can grow up to a size of 12 cm. It has a foul taste and a soapy smell when ripe. It was proposed that the fruits of noni might suppress the growth of tumors by stimulating the immune system. In recent years, noni juice has been sold in the US market as a nutraceutical supplement. Here we …

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Molecular Analyses Of Cordyceps Gunnii In China, W.-H. Chan, K.-H. Ling, S.-W. Chiu, P.-C. Shaw, P.P.-H. But Jul 2020

Molecular Analyses Of Cordyceps Gunnii In China, W.-H. Chan, K.-H. Ling, S.-W. Chiu, P.-C. Shaw, P.P.-H. But

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Cordyceps gunnii Berk., originally named for a specimen discovered in Tasmania, Australia, is commonly reported in China as an adulterant of the valuable Chinese medicinal fungus, Cordyceps sinensis. Correct identification of this adulterant species bears close relevance to herb control, legal disputes and forensic measures. Analyses of the internal transcribed spacers of the nuclear ribosomal DNA repeats (ITS) and three loci [nuclear ribosomal large subunit (nrLSU), elongation factor 1α (EF-1α) and the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (rpbl)] of C. gunnii from China and from Tasmania revealed that they are not conspecific. The Cordyceps species recognized as C. gunnii …

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Sun Protection Factor Analysis Of Sunscreens Containing Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles, C.-C. Lin, W.-J. Lin Jul 2020

Sun Protection Factor Analysis Of Sunscreens Containing Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles, C.-C. Lin, W.-J. Lin

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The effect of micronization on sun protection factor (SPF) were tested on two types of titanium dioxide (TiO2) with primary particle sizes of 20 nm and 170 nm. Oil/water creams with 5%, 10%, and 20% concentrations of each type of TiO2 were prepared, and SPF was measured using both in vitro and in vivo methods. In vitro analysis demonstrated that submicron-sized TiO2 cream had a lower SPF value than nanosized TiO2 formulations of the same concentration. In vivo experiments confirmed this result, and a strong correlation between in vitro and in vivo measurements was observed. Furthermore, the SPF values of …

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Validated Stability-Indicating Hplc Method For The Separation Of Pindolol Enantiomers And Its Related Substances, S.S. Pujeri, A.M.A. Khader, J. Seetharamappa Jul 2020

Validated Stability-Indicating Hplc Method For The Separation Of Pindolol Enantiomers And Its Related Substances, S.S. Pujeri, A.M.A. Khader, J. Seetharamappa

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A simple, rapid and stability-indicating reverse-phase liquid chromatographic (RP-LC) method was developed for the separation of pindolol (PDL) and its related substances in the presence of its degradation products generated from forced decomposition studies. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a C18 Inertsil ODS-3V column (250 mm x 4.6 mm i.d.), using a mobile phase of 20 mM sodium dihydrogen orthophosphate-acetonitrile containing orthophosphoric acid to maintain pH at 4.0. Gradient elution was used at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The UV detector was operated at 205 nm and the column temperature was maintained at ambient. Separation of PDL enantiomers …

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Qualitative And Quantitative Analyses Of The Anti-Allergic Constituent Of Commercial Prunus Mume Products In Taiwan, S.-F. Wu, Y.-H. Chen, C.-L. Lin, J.-C. Yang, Y.-C. Du, J.-J. Lee, Y.-C. Wu, F.-R. Chang Jul 2020

Qualitative And Quantitative Analyses Of The Anti-Allergic Constituent Of Commercial Prunus Mume Products In Taiwan, S.-F. Wu, Y.-H. Chen, C.-L. Lin, J.-C. Yang, Y.-C. Du, J.-J. Lee, Y.-C. Wu, F.-R. Chang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The juice extracted from Prunus mume (Mei-Gin) is in the form of a highly concentrated dark black syrup. It is a common health supplement in Asia. The active component, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), manifested a concentration-dependent effect on the inhibition of β-hexosaminidase degranulation upon antigen-sensitized RBL-2H3 cells. In order to investigate HMF (1) of P. mume extract, HMF was isolated and the HPLC profiles of 23 commercial Mei-Gin products (6 types) were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed for HMF content. The samples included 10 Taiwanese Mei-Gin products, 3 Japanese Mei-Gin products, 5 specific-processing Mei-Gin products, 2 commercial plum drinks, 1 fresh mature plum …

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Extractive Spectrophotometric Determination Of Cetirizine Dihydrochloride In Pure And Pharmaceutical Preparations, S.T. Ulu Jul 2020

Extractive Spectrophotometric Determination Of Cetirizine Dihydrochloride In Pure And Pharmaceutical Preparations, S.T. Ulu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A simple and sensitive extractive spectrophotometric method has been described for the assay of cetirizine dihydrochloride in pure and different pharmaceutical preparations. The method was based on the formation of the ion-pair complex from the reaction between cetirizine dihydrochloride and methyl orange in pH 4.0, which gave a yellow color after chloroform extraction and exhibited a maximum absorbance at 424.5 nm. Beer's law was obeyed in the concentration range of 2.5-20 μg/mL. The method was tested and validated for various parameters according to ICH guidelines. The detection and quantification limits were 1.0 and 3.0 μg/mL, respectively. The proposed method was …

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Chronic Cadmium Toxicity In Rats: Treatment With Combined Administration Of Vitamins, Amino Acids, Antioxidants And Essential Metals, D. Gaurav, S. Preet, K.K. Dua Jul 2020

Chronic Cadmium Toxicity In Rats: Treatment With Combined Administration Of Vitamins, Amino Acids, Antioxidants And Essential Metals, D. Gaurav, S. Preet, K.K. Dua

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The present study was designed to investigate the protective effect of dietary nutrients against cadmium-induced hepatic and renal toxicities in male albino rats. The animals were randomly divided into eleven groups where the control group (Group I) received physiological saline (p.o.) and Group II was administered with cadmium chloride (2 mg/kg, s.c.) only. Groups III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII and IX received 10 mg/kg dietary nutrients, i.e. thiamine, methionine, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), melatonin, zinc (Zn), vitamin E and cystine, respectively. Group X received a dose of 0.1 mg/kg of selenium (Se) and Group XI was administered with a combination of …

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Studies On The Analysis Of Human Serum Proteins By The Gel-Based Microchip And Sds-Page, J.-F. Hsieh, S. Sinchaikul, B.-M. Ou, S.-T. Chen Jul 2020

Studies On The Analysis Of Human Serum Proteins By The Gel-Based Microchip And Sds-Page, J.-F. Hsieh, S. Sinchaikul, B.-M. Ou, S.-T. Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Human serum proteins can be analyzed and evaluated by using either gel-based microchip (LabChip) or traditional SDS-PAGE. However, this study concludes that a sample under reducing conditions analyzed by SDS-PAGE is more time-consuming than when using a Bioanalyzer in combination with the LabChip to perform the same task. The assay software automatically calculated the size and concentrations of serum proteins and deglycosylated serum proteins. It displayed the results in real-time, thus eliminating lengthy procedures such as imaging and analyzing. Compared to the traditional reducing SDS-PAGE, LabChip also allowed the analysis of human serum proteins with more accuracy, and a faster …

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Quality Evaluation And Relative Bioavailability Investigation On Three Alkaloids Of Corydalis Saxicola Bunting Extract In Solid Dispersion, Q.-F. Liu, S. Yun, Z.-M. Song, G.-A. Luo, Y.-M. Wang Jul 2020

Quality Evaluation And Relative Bioavailability Investigation On Three Alkaloids Of Corydalis Saxicola Bunting Extract In Solid Dispersion, Q.-F. Liu, S. Yun, Z.-M. Song, G.-A. Luo, Y.-M. Wang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Corydalis saxicola Bunting, also named Yanhuanglian in China, is widely used in folk prescriptions to treat hepatitis, hepatocirrhosis and hepatic cancer. Its active components consists mainly of alkaloids, which have poor solubility in water. The previous study showed that the absolute bioavailabilities (BA) of the alkaloids were only about 10% after oral administration to rats, compared to intravenous administration. In this paper, the solid dispersion (SD) method was used to improve the BAs of dehydrocavidine (YHL-1), coptisine (YHL-2), and dehydroapocavidine (YHL-3), the main alkaloids of the extract of Corydalis saxicola Bunting, by improving their solubility. The results showed that using …

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Pba-Ω-Lys As Sustained Phenylbutyrate-Releasing Prodrug, C.-L. Wang, P.-R. Hsueh, M.-J. Sun, Y.-L. Leu, F.-S. Chang, S.-W. Yang, J.-F. Lian, H.-P. Wang Jul 2020

Pba-Ω-Lys As Sustained Phenylbutyrate-Releasing Prodrug, C.-L. Wang, P.-R. Hsueh, M.-J. Sun, Y.-L. Leu, F.-S. Chang, S.-W. Yang, J.-F. Lian, H.-P. Wang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Lysine was attached to phenylbutyric acid (PBA) to form PBA-α-Lys and PBA-ω-Lys as PBA prodrugs for treating chemotherapy-associated mucositis. Pharmacokinetic studies were conducted in Wistar rats for determining the systemic bioavailability of both prodrugs and the released PBA. The systemic bioavailability of PBA after oral administration of PBA-α-Lys or PBA-ω-Lys was higher than from i.v. administration, indicating that first pass effect is responsible for the transformation from the prodrugs to the parent drug. Lack of stability in the intestine made PBA-α-Lys unsatisfied as an oral prodrug of PBA. Oral administration of PBA-ω-Lys, on the other hand, led to a slow …

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