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2020

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Articles 9691 - 9720 of 32281

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Total And Organic Hg In Fish From The Reservoir Of A Chlor-Alkali Plant In Tainan, Taiwan, S.-W. Huang, C.-Y. Chen, M.-H. Chen Jul 2020

Total And Organic Hg In Fish From The Reservoir Of A Chlor-Alkali Plant In Tainan, Taiwan, S.-W. Huang, C.-Y. Chen, M.-H. Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Total mercury (THg) and organic mercury (OHg) concentrations were determined by cold-vapor AAS in ten species of fish, which were caught in the reservoir of a chlor-alkali plant in Tainan, Taiwan that had been abandoned for 22 years. The fishes, including Elops machnata, Pelates quadrilineatus, Gerres filamentosus, Leiognathus equulus, Thryssa hamiltonii, Orechromis spp., Nematalosa come, Liza macrolepis, Mugil cephalus and Chanos chanos, were sampled from September to October 2003. THg and OHg concentrations (μg/g flesh wt.) in fish muscles were 0.43 ± 0.36 and 0.31 ± 0.21, respectively, similar to values reported from various chlor-alkali plants worldwide. Of the OHg …

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Effect Of Carbon And Nitrogen Sources On The Production And Carbohydrate Composition Of Exopolysaccharide By Submerged Culture Of Pleurotus Citrinopileatus, C.-Y. Wu, Z.-C. Liang, C.-P. Lu, S.-H. Wu Jul 2020

Effect Of Carbon And Nitrogen Sources On The Production And Carbohydrate Composition Of Exopolysaccharide By Submerged Culture Of Pleurotus Citrinopileatus, C.-Y. Wu, Z.-C. Liang, C.-P. Lu, S.-H. Wu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of carbon and nitrogen sources on the production of exopolysaccharides (EPS) in submerged culture of Pleurotus citrinopileatus, and the variation of carbohydrate compositions in EPS during various culture conditions. The most suitable carbon and nitrogen sources for mycelial biomass and EPS production by P. citrinopileatus were fructose and yeast peptone powder. The carbohydrate compositions of EPS were determined to be mannose, galactose, glucose, xylose and fucose, which indicated EPS as heteroglycan or a mixture of glycans. The main carbohydrate composition in EPS from P. citrinopileatus was mannose after incubation of 14 days …

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Spectrophotometric Methods For Determination Of Ritodrine In Bulk And In Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms, M.A. El-Ghaffar, D. El-Sherbiny, D. El-Wasseef, S. El-Ashry Jul 2020

Spectrophotometric Methods For Determination Of Ritodrine In Bulk And In Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms, M.A. El-Ghaffar, D. El-Sherbiny, D. El-Wasseef, S. El-Ashry

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Three simple and sensitive spectrophotometric methods are described for determination of ritodrine hydrochloride (RTH) either in pure form or dosage forms. The first method was based on the reaction with 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole (NBD-Cl) in borate buffer of pH 8.0 producing a yellow colored product measured at 392 nm. The second and third methods were based on RTH oxidation with either 1,10-phenanthroline or Folin-Ciocalteu reagents producing red and blue chromogens which were measured at 510 and 760 nm, respectively. Beer's law was obeyed in the ranges of, 2-16, 0.2-2, 0.8-12 μg/mL with the minimum detectable values of 0.1, 0.05, 0.14 μg/mL for …

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Determination Of Digitoxin-Induced Elevated Hydrogen Peroxide Levels In Sk-Hep-1 Cells Using A Chemiluminescent Method, J.-S. Wei, H.-L. Huang, C.-Y. Kao, C.-H. Liao, K.-W. Chang Jul 2020

Determination Of Digitoxin-Induced Elevated Hydrogen Peroxide Levels In Sk-Hep-1 Cells Using A Chemiluminescent Method, J.-S. Wei, H.-L. Huang, C.-Y. Kao, C.-H. Liao, K.-W. Chang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Drug-induced intracellular hydrogen peroxide overproduction is proposed as an upstream event in apoptosis signaling. It is therefore important to develop a sensitive method to quantify hydrogen peroxide in biological samples undergoing cell death. We report herein a luminol-based chemiluminescent assay with a suitable detection range of best linearity from 1 to 0.1 μM hydrogen peroxide with a CV range of 5.7% to 21.7% for intraday measurement at the detection range. We hypothesized that digitoxin-treated human hepatoma SK-Hep-1 cells produce hydrogen peroxide to cause cytotoxicity, which was verified by measuring the spent media by our chemiluminescent method in a dose-dependent manner. …

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Effect Of Different Concentrations Of Collagen, Ceramides, N-Acetyl Glucosamine, Or Their Mixture On Enhancing The Proliferation Of Keratinocytes, Fibroblasts And The Secretion Of Colagen And/Or The Expression Of Mrna Of Type I Collagen, R.-H. Chen, C.-N. Hsu, M.-Y. Chung, W.-L. Tsai, C.-H. Liu Jul 2020

Effect Of Different Concentrations Of Collagen, Ceramides, N-Acetyl Glucosamine, Or Their Mixture On Enhancing The Proliferation Of Keratinocytes, Fibroblasts And The Secretion Of Colagen And/Or The Expression Of Mrna Of Type I Collagen, R.-H. Chen, C.-N. Hsu, M.-Y. Chung, W.-L. Tsai, C.-H. Liu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The objectives of the study are to survey the effects of different concentrations of collagen, ceramides, N-acetyl glucosamine (NAG), or their mixture on the proliferation of keratinocytes, fibroblasts and on the secretion of collagen and/or the expression of mRNA of type I collagen. The optimal concentrations that facilitated the proliferation of fibroblasts were 49, 2.0, and 24.4 μg/mL, respectively for collagen, ceramides, and NAG. The proliferation percentages were 191%, 170%, and 223%, respectively at the same order in compare to the control. The concentration of the mixture containing 6.1, 0.12 and 6.1 μg/mL, respectively of collagen, ceramides, and NAG facilitated …

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Simultaneous Determination Of Caffeic Acid, Ferulic Acid And Isoferulic Acid In Rabbit Plasma By High Performance Liquid Chromatography, L.-H. Wang, K.-Y. Hsu, F.-L. Hsu, S.-J. Lin Jul 2020

Simultaneous Determination Of Caffeic Acid, Ferulic Acid And Isoferulic Acid In Rabbit Plasma By High Performance Liquid Chromatography, L.-H. Wang, K.-Y. Hsu, F.-L. Hsu, S.-J. Lin

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A simple and sensitive high performance liquid chromatographic method with reverse-phase column for the simultaneous quantification of caffeic acid, ferulic acid, and isoferulic acid in rabbit plasma was developed. An ODS column (150 mm × 4.6 mm I.D., 5 μm) was used as the stationary phase and the mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile/glacial acetic acid/water (15:0.5:85, v/v, pH adjusted to 4.5). Flow-rate was 1.0 mL/min and UV absorbance was set at 321 nm. One hundred microliter of plasma was used to simultaneously measure the concentrations of caffeic acid, ferulic acid, and isoferulic acid. After a direct clean-up procedure with 10% …

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Optimal Conditions For Extraction And Simultaneous Determination Of Sulfamethoxazole And Trimethoprim In Pharmaceuticals By Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary Chromatography, R. Injac, J. Kac, K. Karljikovic-Rajic, B. Strukelj Jul 2020

Optimal Conditions For Extraction And Simultaneous Determination Of Sulfamethoxazole And Trimethoprim In Pharmaceuticals By Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary Chromatography, R. Injac, J. Kac, K. Karljikovic-Rajic, B. Strukelj

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography was performed at 25°C and 30 kV (under pressure of 15 mbar), with 30 mM borate buffer (pH 9.0), 60 mM sodium dodecysulfate, and 10% (v/v) ethanol as background electrolyte for the determination of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. UV detection was at 205 nm. Recoveries were optimal and acceptable after extraction with ethanol/deionized water (1:1, v/v) for both investigated compounds from laboratory mixtures of standards. The method was shown to be specific, accurate (recoveries were 99.9 ± 0.4% for sulfamethoxazole and 99.8 ± 0.3% for trimethoprim), linear over the tested ranges (correlation coefficients ≥ 0.9990) and …

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The Use Of An Aromatic Substitution Reaction In The Spectrophotometric Determination Of Selected Amino Or Thiol Containing Drugs, S.F. Belal, R.S. Haggag, R.A.-A. Shaalan Jul 2020

The Use Of An Aromatic Substitution Reaction In The Spectrophotometric Determination Of Selected Amino Or Thiol Containing Drugs, S.F. Belal, R.S. Haggag, R.A.-A. Shaalan

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A simple spectrophotometric method is described for the determination of acetylcysteine (I) and captopril (II) as representative examples of thiols, as well as amlodipine besylate (III) and heptaminol hydrochloride (IV) as amine examples. The method is based on the reaction of these drugs with the activated halide 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) in aqueous borate buffer to yield yellow colored products. Beer's law was obeyed over the concentration ranges of 4-12, 2.4-16.8, 8-28 and 5-25 μg mL-1 for (I), (II), (III), and (IV), respectively. The different experimental parameters were studied and optimized. The proposed method was validated according to the USP 27 criteria …

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Study Of Forced-Acid/Heat Degradation And Degradant/Impurity Profile Of Phenazopyridine Hydrochloride Through Hplc And Spectrofluorimetric Analyses, S.M. Sabry Jul 2020

Study Of Forced-Acid/Heat Degradation And Degradant/Impurity Profile Of Phenazopyridine Hydrochloride Through Hplc And Spectrofluorimetric Analyses, S.M. Sabry

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The article handles two related subjects. First, it's the study of forced-acid/heat degradation of phenazopyridine HCl (PAP). The reaction pathway was evidenced with different criteria. A three wavelengths-based reversed phase HPLC method with an isocratic mobile phase system (acetonitrile:acetate buffer of pH 4, 1:1, v/v) was developed as a stability-indicating assay of particular application for simultaneous determination of PAP and its related degradation products/impurity. The analysis time was less than 8 min at a flow rate of 1 mL min-1. The detection and quantification limits of degradation products/impurity were in the ranges of 0.02-0.1 and 0.06-0.3 μg mL-1, respectively. The …

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Effects Of Rubus Coreanus Miquel Extracts On The Proliferation And Differentiation Of Mouse Osteoblast-Like Mc3t3-E1 Cells, J.-W. Lee, I.-S. Lee Jul 2020

Effects Of Rubus Coreanus Miquel Extracts On The Proliferation And Differentiation Of Mouse Osteoblast-Like Mc3t3-E1 Cells, J.-W. Lee, I.-S. Lee

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Rubus coreanus Miquel (RCM), one a type of edible red raspberry, grows wild in Korea and China and its unripe fruit has been used as a folk medicine for the treatment of impotence and as a diuretic agent. The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of RCM on the proliferation and differentiation of mouse osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells. In this study, RCM extract (1-10 μg/mL) enhanced the viability of osteoblast cell. RCM extract also increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and osteocalcin secretion of MC3T3-E1 cells (significant at 1-10 μg/mL). Especially, at a concentration of 10 μg/mL ALP activity …

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Chemical Derivatization For The Analysis Of Drugs By Gc-Ms - A Conceptual Review, D.-L. Lin, S.-M. Wang, C.-H. Wu, B.-G. Chen, R.H. Liu Jul 2020

Chemical Derivatization For The Analysis Of Drugs By Gc-Ms - A Conceptual Review, D.-L. Lin, S.-M. Wang, C.-H. Wu, B.-G. Chen, R.H. Liu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Drugs are often chemically derivatized prior to their GC-MS analysis for the following reasons: (a) to bring the analytes to the chemical forms that are more compatible to the chromatographic environment; (b) to create a separation mechanism or to maximize resolution efficiency; (c) to improve detection or structural elucidation effectiveness; or (d) to make use of the analytes' specific structural features for analyticl needs. Analytes that are strongly acidic, basic or with functional groups, that may not vaporize or may interact with (irreversibly or reversibly) silanol groups or contaminating compounds present in the chromatographic system, can be more effectively analyzed …

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Quality Assurance And Safety Of Herbal Dietary Supplements, P.P. Fu Jul 2020

Quality Assurance And Safety Of Herbal Dietary Supplements, P.P. Fu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

[No abstract available]

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A Survey Of Heavy Metal And Organochlorine Pesticide Contaminations In Commercial Lingzhi Products, T.C. Wong, F.S.-C. Lee, G.L. Hu, L. Chang, X. Wang, P.P. Fu Jul 2020

A Survey Of Heavy Metal And Organochlorine Pesticide Contaminations In Commercial Lingzhi Products, T.C. Wong, F.S.-C. Lee, G.L. Hu, L. Chang, X. Wang, P.P. Fu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

One of the major problems in the use Chinese herbal medicinal (CM) products is product safety. Alarm has been heightened internationally in recent years on the contamination of CM products by heavy metals or toxic contaminants such as pesticide residues. In this study, the levels of several representative toxic elements including lead (Pb), arsenic (As), mercury (Hg) and cadmium (Cd), and the contents of several common organochlorine pesticides in Lingzhi (Ganoderma lucidum) samples purchased commercially in China and Southeast Asia were determined. Of the 36 samples analyzed, the As in about one third, and Cd in more than one half …

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Analysis Of Bakuchiol, Psoralen And Angelicin In Crude Drugs And Commercial Concentrated Products Of Fructus Psoraleae, C.-F. Lin, Y.-L. Huang, M.-Y. Chien, S.-J. Sheu, C.-C. Chen Jul 2020

Analysis Of Bakuchiol, Psoralen And Angelicin In Crude Drugs And Commercial Concentrated Products Of Fructus Psoraleae, C.-F. Lin, Y.-L. Huang, M.-Y. Chien, S.-J. Sheu, C.-C. Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The goal of this study was to develop a HPLC method for simultaneously determining bakuchiol, psoralen and angelicin in Fructus Psoraleae (Buguzhi, the fruits of Psoralea corylifolia) and its commercial concentrated products. Extracted samples were analyzed by using a reverse-phase column (Cosmosil 5C18-AR-II) and eluting with a gradient mobile phase consisting of 20% acetonitrile to acetonitrile at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min with detection at a wavelength of 254 nm. The relative standard deviations of the marker substances on the basis of peak-area ratios in intraday and interday analyses were 0.3-1.5% and 0.2-1.0%, respectively. Bakuchiol, psoralen and angelicin contents …

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Pitfalls Of The Selection Of Chemical Markers For The Quality Control Of Medicinal Herbs, S.S.-K. Chan, S.-L. Li, G. Lin Jul 2020

Pitfalls Of The Selection Of Chemical Markers For The Quality Control Of Medicinal Herbs, S.S.-K. Chan, S.-L. Li, G. Lin

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Selection of chemical marker is critical to the quality control and standardization of medicinal herbs. The ideal chemical marker is the active principle with demonstrated clinical efficacy contributing to the therapeutic effect of the herb, while the worst ones are the analytical marker and "phantom" marker whose pharmacological actions are unknown, uncontrollable or unpredictable. In this article, we explore the seven categories of chemical markers, discuss the pitfalls of choosing them, and illustrate the problems using a traditional Chinese medicinal herb Ligusticum chuanxiong as an example.

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Toxicity Of Panax Genseng - An Herbal Medicine And Dietary Supplement, P.-C. Chan, P.P. Fu Jul 2020

Toxicity Of Panax Genseng - An Herbal Medicine And Dietary Supplement, P.-C. Chan, P.P. Fu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Ginseng is one of the most popular herbal dietary supplements in the U.S. market, with five to six million persons using it even before the recent boom in the herbal supplement industry. Ginsana (G115 ginseng), a standardized extract of Panax ginseng (Asian ginseng, also called Chinese or Korean ginseng) controls half of this market. Numerous reports of adverse effects from products containing ginseng have been filed with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The literature also documents "ginseng abuse syndrome" among regular users. The chronic effects of ginseng are not well characterized. Because of its significant human exposure and …

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Determination Of Free And Total Available Ferulic Acid In Different Types Of Chinese Angelica By High Performance Liquid Chromatography, G.-H. Lu, S.-Q. Cheng, K.S.-Y. Leung, J.-Y. Ma, K. Chan, Z.-Z. Zhao Jul 2020

Determination Of Free And Total Available Ferulic Acid In Different Types Of Chinese Angelica By High Performance Liquid Chromatography, G.-H. Lu, S.-Q. Cheng, K.S.-Y. Leung, J.-Y. Ma, K. Chan, Z.-Z. Zhao

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Free and conjugated forms of ferulic acid (FA) are generally available in higher plant taxa such as Chinese Angelica (CA, the roots of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels). These various forms of FA were found readily inter-convertible and the extractable level of each depended on solvent properties and acidity. Extraction efficiency using various pH solutions namely, water, 70% methanol, methanol-formic acid (95:5) and methanol-2% NaHCO3 in water (95:5) was compared. Extractable FA were found varying in samples under neutral solvents extraction, whilst relatively consistent for slightly acidic and alkali solvents which were therefore chosen as the optimal media to extract and …

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Detection, Hepatotoxicity, And Tumorigenicity Of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids In Chinese Herbal Plants And Herbal Dietary Supplements, P.P. Fu, Q. Xia, M.W. Chou, G. Lin Jul 2020

Detection, Hepatotoxicity, And Tumorigenicity Of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids In Chinese Herbal Plants And Herbal Dietary Supplements, P.P. Fu, Q. Xia, M.W. Chou, G. Lin

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Since the U.S. Congress passed the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) in 1994, herbal products, including herbal dietary supplements, represent the fastest growing segment of the vitamin, mineral supplements, and herbal products industry. To ensure consumer health protection, the quality and safety of raw herbal plants used for dietary supplement preparations have to be determined. To date, safety issues concerning the hepatotoxic and tumorigenic ingredients in many raw herbs and herbal dietary products are quite limited. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids are a class of hepatotoxic and tumorigenic phytochemicals present in more than 6000 plants and have been detected in herbal …

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From Pharmacovigilance To Pharmacovigilance Planning - The System Building For Safe Medication, H.-P. Wang, C.-L. Wang, W.-N. Yu, S.-H. Hsu, Y.-W. Huang, Y.-L. Lin, Y.-L. Leu, C.-Y. Lee Jul 2020

From Pharmacovigilance To Pharmacovigilance Planning - The System Building For Safe Medication, H.-P. Wang, C.-L. Wang, W.-N. Yu, S.-H. Hsu, Y.-W. Huang, Y.-L. Lin, Y.-L. Leu, C.-Y. Lee

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The concept of pharmacovigilance planning (PVP) was initiated by the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) in 2004 and followed by the publication of Topic ICH E2E Guideline. However, the implementation of PVP in societies like Taiwan where irrational medication or co-medication of conventional medicine with complementary/alternative medicine (CAM) is prevalent, became a challenge. This report aimed to (1) introduce the concept of PVP and the importance of evidence-based justification of medicinal products for risk prevention and minimization, (2) summarize the scientific evidence regarding the sites and mechanisms of drug-drug or drug-CAM interactions along the biological processing of xenobiotics and identify …

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Determination Of Anthraquinone Glycosides In Rhei Rhizome, Polygoni Multiflori Radix, And Cassia Torae Semen, H.-M. Chiang, H.-T. Tsao, P.-D.L. Chao, Y.-C. Hou, K.-C. Wen Jul 2020

Determination Of Anthraquinone Glycosides In Rhei Rhizome, Polygoni Multiflori Radix, And Cassia Torae Semen, H.-M. Chiang, H.-T. Tsao, P.-D.L. Chao, Y.-C. Hou, K.-C. Wen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Polyphenols are predominantly present as glycosides in Chinese herbs, and many of them are hydrolyzed to less polar aglycones by enzymes or bacteria in the intestines and then became absorbable. Therefore, it is more appropriate to use the amount of total glycosides as the standard for the quality control of Chinese herbs since most glycosides are assimilated with the aglycone form after oral administration. Currently there are limited requirements for the quality control of crude drugs in pharmacopoeias in many countries, and assays for only one glycoside or aglycone are required. However, these requirements cannot ensure the efficacy of Chinese …

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Role Of Alcohol In The Induction Of Hepatic Injury By Chronic Consumption Of Medicated Wine, I.-M. Liu, W.-J. Yu, S.-S. Liou, T.-F. Tzeng, I.-H. Tsai, J.-T. Cheng Jul 2020

Role Of Alcohol In The Induction Of Hepatic Injury By Chronic Consumption Of Medicated Wine, I.-M. Liu, W.-J. Yu, S.-S. Liou, T.-F. Tzeng, I.-H. Tsai, J.-T. Cheng

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Kinmen Benefit Life medicated wine (KBLMW), a medicated wine with unified formulas proclaimed by the Committee on Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy (Department of Health, Executive Yuan, Taiwan), was made of 17 kinds of Chinese medicinal materials soaked in 25% alcohol. KBLMW has been widely used as conventional or complementary medicines for health regimen. In the present study, Wistar rats were administered once daily via gastric tube with KBLMW, de-alcoholic KBLMW (0% alcohol/vol) or 25% alcohol at 2.08 mL/kg/day for 12 consecutive weeks, to clarify the role of alcohol in the induction of hepatic disorders by chronic consumption of KBLMW at …

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Application Of Bioassay In The Safety And/Or Quality Control Of Herbal Products, C.-H. Yeh, H.-E. Wang, J.-T. Cheng Jul 2020

Application Of Bioassay In The Safety And/Or Quality Control Of Herbal Products, C.-H. Yeh, H.-E. Wang, J.-T. Cheng

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Bioassays are useful tools in modern biosciences. The applications include development of new drugs; measurement of biological activity in undefined substances; investigation of endogenous mediator function; determination of drug toxicity; and measurement of the concentration of known substances such as pollutants or herbal products. As medicinal plants are very popular on market, the safety and/or quality control of these phytotherapeutic agents become an important issue. Currently, botanical identification, molecular identification and chemical analysis are often utilized for the quality analysis of plant products. However, the methods are not totally reliable due to factors such as seasonal and geographical variations in …

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Quality Assurance Of Chinese Herbal Medicines (Chms), Z. Zhao, P. Xiao, Y. Xiao, J.P.S. Yuen Jul 2020

Quality Assurance Of Chinese Herbal Medicines (Chms), Z. Zhao, P. Xiao, Y. Xiao, J.P.S. Yuen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

As more and more people worldwide are using Chinese Herbal Medicines (CHMs), the safety of their use has raised international concern. Authentication and standardization of CHMs are needed. Authentication of a CHM includes both identifying its botanical origin and evaluating its pharmaceutical quality. In this paper, the important parameters for quality assurance are discussed. Quality control methods such as the examination of taxonomic, morphological and/or microscopic characters, fingerprint chromatography, DNA molecular marker are described and compared. Some topics related to herbal quality control such as contamination, processing as well as the new method MALDI-TOFMS are also introduced. Finally, modernization of …

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A Simple Multi-Residue Method For Determination Of Oxytetracycline, Tetracycline And Chlortetracycline In Export Buffalo Meat By Hplc-Photodiode Array Detector, A.K. Biswas, G.S. Rao, N. Kondaiah, A.S.R. Anjaneyulu, S.K. Mendiratta, R. Prasad, J.K. Malik Jul 2020

A Simple Multi-Residue Method For Determination Of Oxytetracycline, Tetracycline And Chlortetracycline In Export Buffalo Meat By Hplc-Photodiode Array Detector, A.K. Biswas, G.S. Rao, N. Kondaiah, A.S.R. Anjaneyulu, S.K. Mendiratta, R. Prasad, J.K. Malik

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The development of a simple, rapid and sensitive method for residue monitoring of oxytetracycline (OTC), tetracycline (TC) and chlortetracycline (CTC) in buffalo meat samples is described. The principal steps involved extraction in McIIvaine buffer (pH 3.85) followed by a solid phase clean up step. In HPLC, a reversed phase C8 (RP-C8) column was used and compounds were separated at 35°C using a mobile phase of 0.01 M oxalic acid buffer (pH 1.6)/acetonitrile/methanol (77:18:5, v/v/v) at a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min. A wavelength of PDA detector was set at 355 nm. The detection limit of the method was calculated to …

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Selection And Oenological Comparison Of Taiwan Black Queen Grape Wine Yeasts, C.-H. Lee, R.-C. Yu Jul 2020

Selection And Oenological Comparison Of Taiwan Black Queen Grape Wine Yeasts, C.-H. Lee, R.-C. Yu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

More than hundreds of private wineries have been established since the Taiwan Tobacco and Alcohol Administration Act was enacted on April 19, 2000. It is then essential to screen local wine yeast in order to develop quality wine with unique flavor. Black Queen grape is a main ingredient for red wine brewing in Taiwan. In this study, ethanol productivity of yeasts isolated from spontaneous fermentation of Black Queen grape must (17 and 30 °Brix) was determined. Seven yeasts identified as Saccharomyces cerevisiae by Biolog System with higher ethanol productivity were individually inoculated into Black Queen grape must to undergo fermentation …

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Chemical And Biological Study Of The Residual Aerial Parts Of Sesamum Indicum L, A.E.-S. Khaleel, M.H. Gonaid, R.I. El-Bagry, A.A. Sleem, M. Shabana Jul 2020

Chemical And Biological Study Of The Residual Aerial Parts Of Sesamum Indicum L, A.E.-S. Khaleel, M.H. Gonaid, R.I. El-Bagry, A.A. Sleem, M. Shabana

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The chemical composition of the residual aerial parts of the Egyptian crop of Sesamum indicum L. after collection of the seeds, was studied. Sesamin, sesamolin, stigmasterol, β-sitosterol and stigmasterol-3-O-β-D-glucoside were isolated from the petroleum ether fraction of the alcoholic extract. Ferulic acid, rhamnetin, verbascoside, kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucuronide and mequelianin (quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucuronide) were isolated from the butanol fraction. The content of the major constituents, namely sesamin and sesamolin, were determined by HPLC method. The alcoholic extract as well as its petroleum ether and butanol fractions were tested in vivo for the antioxidant, antihyperglycaemic and anticoagulant activities. The alcoholic extract exhibited a higher activity than …

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Change In Phenolic Compound Content, Reductive Capacity And Ace Inhibitory Activity In Noni Juice During Traditional Fermentation, S.-C. Yang, T.-I. Chen, K.-Y. Li, T.-C. Tsai Jul 2020

Change In Phenolic Compound Content, Reductive Capacity And Ace Inhibitory Activity In Noni Juice During Traditional Fermentation, S.-C. Yang, T.-I. Chen, K.-Y. Li, T.-C. Tsai

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Morinda citrifolia L., also known as noni, has a long history of traditional use in the Hawaiian and Taihitian islands as cure-all medicine. Recently, commercial noni juice products have been imported from different countries and delivered directly to consumers with claims of multiple health benefits, including anti-cancer and immuno-stimulating activities. In this study, phenolic compounds content, free radical and superoxide anion radical scavenging activities were determined in two noni juices with different extent of maturity from traditional fermentation process. Ripe noni fruits gave higher juice yield with a lighter color. In general, juice from ripe fruits contained higher total quantities …

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Isolation And Analysis Of A Novel Protoglycan From Zizyphus Jujuba Cv. Jinsixiaozao, J.-W. Li, Y.-Y. Chen, S.-D. Ding, L.-F. Zhang Jul 2020

Isolation And Analysis Of A Novel Protoglycan From Zizyphus Jujuba Cv. Jinsixiaozao, J.-W. Li, Y.-Y. Chen, S.-D. Ding, L.-F. Zhang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Chinese jujube (Zizyphus jujuba Miller) is a well-known oriental medicinal plant that has various biological activities. In this study, a novel water-soluble proteoglycan (ZSG4b) was isolated from Zizyphus jujuba cv. Jinsixiaozao and its effect on the complement system was investigated. ZSG4b was extracted with hot water and purified by DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B and Sepharose CL-6B column chromatography. It was eluted as a single symmetrical narrow peak on high-performance gel-permeation chromatography (HPGPC) and the average molecular weight was estimated to be 1.4 × 105 Da. ZSG4b contained 83.5% glycan and 9.7% protein. Gas chromatography analysis result indicated that the glycan portion of …

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Use Of Solid Phase Extraction For Sample Clean-Up And Preconcentration Of Vitamin B12 In Multivitamin Tablet Before Hplc-Uv, Uv And Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry, M.R. Hadjmohammadi, V. Sharifi Jul 2020

Use Of Solid Phase Extraction For Sample Clean-Up And Preconcentration Of Vitamin B12 In Multivitamin Tablet Before Hplc-Uv, Uv And Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry, M.R. Hadjmohammadi, V. Sharifi

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A solid phase extraction method for sample clean-up and preconcentration of vitamin B12 in multivitamin tablet and its determination by HPLC-UV, UV and atomic absorption spectrophotometry is reported. Solid phase parameters such as maximum loading capacity and breakthrough volume were 400 μg and 1750 mL of 0.001 ppm for this vitamin respectively. A proper mobile phase used for HPLC was water/acetonitrile (75:25, v/v) with pH = 3.5 (adjusted with acetate buffer) at 25°C. Limit of detection and linear dynamic range for HPLC, UV and atomic absorption were 0.1, 0.1-25.0; 0.4, 0.4 -15.0; 2.7, 2.7-300.0 (μg/mL) respectively. Recovery of vitamin B12 …

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The Use Of Lobetyolin And Hplc-Uv Fingerprints For Quality Assessment Of Radix Codonopsis, C.-F. Qiao, Z.-D. He, Q.-B. Han, H.-X. Xu, R.-W. Jiang, S.-L. Li, Y.-B. Zhang, P.P.-H. But, P.-C. Shaw Jul 2020

The Use Of Lobetyolin And Hplc-Uv Fingerprints For Quality Assessment Of Radix Codonopsis, C.-F. Qiao, Z.-D. He, Q.-B. Han, H.-X. Xu, R.-W. Jiang, S.-L. Li, Y.-B. Zhang, P.P.-H. But, P.-C. Shaw

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

In 2005 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, lobetyolin was used as a marker for TLC identification of Radix Codonopsis, whose source plants are Codonopsis pilosula, C. pilosula var. modesta and C. tangshen. Quantification of lobetyolin in 44 samples derived from eight species of Codonopsis and another four genera of the same family Campanulaceae revealed that lobetyolin is present in all Codonopsis species and in Campanumoea javanica, Platycodon grandiflorum and Lobelia chinensis. In fact, the other five Codonopsis species are commonly used as the substitutes of Radix Codonopsis, and the roots of Campanumoea javanica and Platycodon grandiflorum are sometimes found as …

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