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2020

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Articles 9721 - 9750 of 32281

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A Spirostanol Glycoside From Wild Yam (Diosccorea Villosa) Extract And Its Cytostatic Activity On Three Cancer Cells, C.-C. Hu, J.-T. Lin, S.-C. Liu, D.-J. Yang Jul 2020

A Spirostanol Glycoside From Wild Yam (Diosccorea Villosa) Extract And Its Cytostatic Activity On Three Cancer Cells, C.-C. Hu, J.-T. Lin, S.-C. Liu, D.-J. Yang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A spirostanol glycoside, (25R)-spirost-5-en-3β-ol 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl -(1→2)-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl -(1→4)]-β-D-glucopyranoside, was isolated from wild yam (Dioscorea villosa) extract with reversed-phase preparative HPLC. This was the first time found in yams (Dioscorea species). The structure was identified by LC-MS, 1H- and 13C-NMR. Cytostatic activities of the isolated saponin on Hep G2, HEK293 and MCF7 cells were estimated. Growth of these cells was inhibited as higher concentration of the compound was used. The IC50 values of the isolated spirostanol glycoside and its aglycon, diosgenin, were 9.02 and 23.91 μM for Hep G2 cells, 13.21 and 27.31 μM for HEK293 cells, and 16.74 and 35.38 μM …

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In Vitro And In Vivo Assessments For Developing An Oral Bcg Vaccine Formulation, J.-L. Chen, C.-C. Yu, J.-R. Chiang, T.-C. Lee, M.-K. Yeh, C.-H. Chiang Jul 2020

In Vitro And In Vivo Assessments For Developing An Oral Bcg Vaccine Formulation, J.-L. Chen, C.-C. Yu, J.-R. Chiang, T.-C. Lee, M.-K. Yeh, C.-H. Chiang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The aim of this study was to establish in vitro analytical methods for assessing an investigated oral BCG vaccine formulation. In addition, in vivo immune response was also evaluated in guinea pigs by determining the potentially protective effect of the investigated formulation on tuberculosis. The bicinchoninic acid (BCA) method for BCG protein quantitation was developed for rapid measuring the content of BCG vaccine in the investigated formulation. The analytical method was conducted at 45°C to offer good precision (coefficient of variation <3.5%) and accuracy (error: -3.6∼2.6%) in the range of 150∼4000 μg/mL of BCG vaccine concentrations. In the simulation study of drug release from the investigated formulation in the gastrointestinal tract under physiological conditions, the investigated oral formulation could protect active component at lower pH (0.1 N HCl) and completely release active component at higher pH (phosphate buffer, pH 6.8). Although the investigated oral BCG vaccine formulation showed weak immune response to elicit IgG titer, the PPD (purified protein derivative) skin test in guinea pigs by oral dosing of 4 mg BCG vaccine formulation acquired about equal or higher response than that by 0.5 mg dose by subcutaneous vaccination. The analytical method and in vivo approach could be further applied in the development of oral BCG vaccine formulations.

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Comparative Study Of Electrospray Mass Spectrometry And First Derivative Method And Validation By Hplc Method, A. Özdemir, A. Korkmaz Jul 2020

Comparative Study Of Electrospray Mass Spectrometry And First Derivative Method And Validation By Hplc Method, A. Özdemir, A. Korkmaz

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Three different methods are described for the simultaneous determination of amoxicillin trihydrate (AMX) and potassium klavulanate (KLV) in synthetic mixtures and pharmaceutical tablets. The first method depends on the first-derivative ultraviolet spectrophotometry with zero-crossing measurement. The second method is based on mass spectrometry utilizing electropspray ionization. For the electrospray studies in negative and positive ion modes, aspirin (ASP) and clindamycin (CLN) were used, respectively as internal standards for quantification. The calibration function was established in the same concentration ranges as in the first derivative method. A reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method involving ultraviolet detection (γ = 220 nm) …

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Rapid Determination Of Trace Potassium In Drinks And Serum By Rayleigh Light Scattering Technique, X.-Y. Jiang, X.-Q. Chen, M. Xu Jul 2020

Rapid Determination Of Trace Potassium In Drinks And Serum By Rayleigh Light Scattering Technique, X.-Y. Jiang, X.-Q. Chen, M. Xu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

In this paper, a sensitive, rapid and selective method based on Rayleigh light scattering technique (RLS) was proposed for the determination of potassium using a conventional spectrofluorometer. Potassium was transformed to KB(C6H5)4 particles, which displayed intense light scattering in aqueous solutions. Effects of factors such as wavelength, acidity, ionic strength and coexistent interferents on the RLS of B(C6H5)4-K were investigated. The RLS intensity of the KB(C6H5)4 suspension was obtained in NaAc solution (0.50 M, pH = 8.0) and the addition of 0.5 mL of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (5.05 μM) and 1.0 mL of tetraphenylborion sodium (1.0%). The Rayleigh scattering …

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Flow Injection Analysis Of Kojic Acid In Cosmetics By A Carbon-Nanotube Modified Screen-Printed Electrode, Y. Shih, J.-M. Zen, J.-H. Ke, J.-C. Hsu, P.-C. Chen Jul 2020

Flow Injection Analysis Of Kojic Acid In Cosmetics By A Carbon-Nanotube Modified Screen-Printed Electrode, Y. Shih, J.-M. Zen, J.-H. Ke, J.-C. Hsu, P.-C. Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A novel carbon-nanotube modified screen-printed electrode (CNT/SPE) was successfully prepared and validated to be a useful detector in the flow injection system. Compared to a bare screen-printed electrode (SPE), CNT/ SPE improved the detection limit for kojic acid (KA). The detection limit on S/N = 3 was as low as 0.01 ppm. Furthermore, several factors, including the pH, applied potential, flow rate and coating quantity of CNT, were assessed. The attractive response of CNT/SPE has allowed it to be used for constant-potential FIA (Flow-Injection Analysis) of KA and indicates great potential for monitoring chromatographic effluents. The linear relationship between KA …

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The Effects Of Iontophoresis And Electroporation On Transdermal Delivery Of Indomethacin Evaluated In Vitro And In Vivo, R.-J. Wang, Y.-B. Hung, P.-C. Wu, J.-Y. Fang, Y.-H. Tsai Jul 2020

The Effects Of Iontophoresis And Electroporation On Transdermal Delivery Of Indomethacin Evaluated In Vitro And In Vivo, R.-J. Wang, Y.-B. Hung, P.-C. Wu, J.-Y. Fang, Y.-H. Tsai

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The objective of this study was to evaluate the transdermal delivery of indomethacin in vitro and in vivo enhanced by iontophoresis and/or electroporation through several barriers. Excised Wistar rat skin, pig skin, human epidermal membrane and cellulose membrane were tested for the in vitro indomethacin permeation, whereas drug concentration of in the plasma was analyzed to monitor the percutaneous absorption in Wistar rat in vivo. Iontophoresis enhanced the in vitro transdermal delivery of indomethacin as compared to the passive diffusion. Pulsing of high voltages, as known as electroporation, followed by iontophoresis did result in a synergistic effect in contrast to …

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Beneficial Effects Of Plant Sterols/Stanols-Containing Milk Powder On Lipid Metabolism In Hamsters, C.-C. Ho, Y.-L. Chein, L.S. Hwang Jul 2020

Beneficial Effects Of Plant Sterols/Stanols-Containing Milk Powder On Lipid Metabolism In Hamsters, C.-C. Ho, Y.-L. Chein, L.S. Hwang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The effect of plant sterols/stanols-containing milk powder (phytosterol milk powder, PSMP, containing 2.78% phytosterols mixture) on lipid metabolism in hamsters was investigated. One hundred male 7-week-old Golden Syrian hamsters were given free access to regular rodent chow and water for 1 week to acclimatize. Four extremely (10%) over- and underweight hamsters were eliminated. Sixteen hamsters were killed and examined for plasma and liver lipid compositions to establish the baseline. The remaining hamster were randomly divided into 5 groups, each group of hamsters had statistically similar average body weight, but fed with different experimental diets for 4 weeks. All 5 groups …

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Liquid Chromatographic And Spectrophotometric Determination Of Diflucortolone Valerate And Chlorquinaldol In Creams, I.M. Palabiyik, D. Asan, F. Onur Jul 2020

Liquid Chromatographic And Spectrophotometric Determination Of Diflucortolone Valerate And Chlorquinaldol In Creams, I.M. Palabiyik, D. Asan, F. Onur

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A new reversed phase high pressure liquid chromatography and a spectrophotometric method are proposed for the simultaneous determination of diflucortolone valerate (DIF) and chlorquinaldol (CHL) in creams. An isocratic system consisted of an ACE® C18 analytical column and a mobile phase composed of methanol/phosphate buffer (pH 5.5, 0.1 M) (95:5, v/v) at a flow rate 1.0 mL/min was used for the optimal chromatographic separation using UV detection at 220 nm. Ephedrine hydrochloride was used as internal standard. Principal component regression (PCR) was used as the chemometric technique in spectrophotometry. In this technique, the concentration data matrix was prepared by using …

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A New Detection Technique For Fluoroquinolone-Conjugated Proteins By High Performance Liquid Chromatography With Uv/Fluorescence Detectors, S.-W. Hung, C.-W. Shih, B.-R. Chen, C.-Y. Tu, Y.-F. Ling, L.-T. Tsou, S.-P. Ho, W.-S. Wang Jul 2020

A New Detection Technique For Fluoroquinolone-Conjugated Proteins By High Performance Liquid Chromatography With Uv/Fluorescence Detectors, S.-W. Hung, C.-W. Shih, B.-R. Chen, C.-Y. Tu, Y.-F. Ling, L.-T. Tsou, S.-P. Ho, W.-S. Wang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

This study was aimed to develop a simple, fast, and reliable technique to detect fluoroquinolones (FQs) -conjugated bovine serum albumin (BSA). Four tested FQs, enrofloxacin, ofloxacin, danofloxacin, and orbifloxacin, were conjugated with BSA by following the N-hydroxysuccinimide ester method. The technique was designed according to the different absorption characteristics of the FQs and BSA; FQs can be detected by both UV and fluorescence detectors, but BSA can only be detected by UV. The results demonstrated that the developed method was efficient in detecting FQs-BSA conjugates. In addition, the method not only trace the FQs and BSA conjugation responses but also …

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Near Infrared Spectroscopic Determination Of Olive Oil Adulteration With Sunflower And Corn Oil, D. Özdemir, B. Öztürk Jul 2020

Near Infrared Spectroscopic Determination Of Olive Oil Adulteration With Sunflower And Corn Oil, D. Özdemir, B. Öztürk

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Determination of authenticity of extra virgin olive oils has become very important in recent years due to the increasing public concerns about possible adulterations with relatively cheap vegetable oils such as sunflower oil. This study was focused on the application of near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy in conjunction with multivariate calibration to identify the adulteration of olive oils. NIR transmittance measurements were made on pure olive oil and olive oil adulterated with varying concentrations (4-96%, v/v) of sunflower and corn oil in two sets of 26 binary and ternary mixtures. Multivariate calibration models were generated using genetic inverse least squares (GILS) …

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Supercritical Fluid Extraction Of Imidazole Drugs From Cosmetic And Pharmaceutical Products, W.-L. Chou, C.-Y. Chang, H.-M. Liu, K.-C. Yang, C.-C. Wu Jul 2020

Supercritical Fluid Extraction Of Imidazole Drugs From Cosmetic And Pharmaceutical Products, W.-L. Chou, C.-Y. Chang, H.-M. Liu, K.-C. Yang, C.-C. Wu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

An effective method for isolating common imidazole drugs clotrimazole (CT) and ketoconazole (KCZ) from cosmetic and pharmaceutical products based on supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) was developed. Creams, tablets and cosmetic shampoos underwent supercritical carbon dioxide fluid extraction and CT and KCZ were determined by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography. All supercritical fluid extractions were performed with a 10-min static step, followed by a 15 min dynamic step using acetonitrile as the modifier. After extraction by SFE, KCZ and CT were separated on a C18 column using an isocratic mobile phase that consisted of methanol/water/diethylamine/glacial acetic acid (80:20:0.3:0.2, v/v, pH 7.0) …

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Interleukin-10 Administration Inhibits Tnf-Α And Il-1Β, But Not Il-6, Secretion Of Lps-Stimulated Peritoneal Macrophages, J.-Y. Lin, C.-Y. Tang Jul 2020

Interleukin-10 Administration Inhibits Tnf-Α And Il-1Β, But Not Il-6, Secretion Of Lps-Stimulated Peritoneal Macrophages, J.-Y. Lin, C.-Y. Tang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

We hypothesize that exogenous administration of anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 would affect the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, or tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages exuded from the peritoneal cavity of female BALB/c mice. The LPS-stimulated macrophages were incubated for 48 hr to investigate the secretions of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine. The results indicated that the secretion levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α by LPS-stimulated macrophages elevated in a time dependent manner during 48-hr incubation period. The amount of cytokines secretion by LPS-stimulated macrophages varied: IL-6 > TNF-α > IL-10 > IL-1β. However, the secretion of IL-10 …

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Antibacterial Activity Of Propolis Ethanol Extract Against Streptococcus Mutans As Influenced By Concentration, Temperature, Ph And Cell Age, H.-Y. Yang, W.-L. Ho, C.-M. Chang, C.-C. Chou Jul 2020

Antibacterial Activity Of Propolis Ethanol Extract Against Streptococcus Mutans As Influenced By Concentration, Temperature, Ph And Cell Age, H.-Y. Yang, W.-L. Ho, C.-M. Chang, C.-C. Chou

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

In the present study, the ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) collected in Taiwan was prepared and assayed for the effects concentration, incubation temperature, pH and cell age on the antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans, a dental cavity-causing oral pathogen. Additionally, cell leakage of Str. mutans in presence of EEP was also examined. It was found EEP exerted bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects against Str. mutans, respectively, at concentrations of 1.875 and 3.75 μg/mL or more. At 37°C, Str. mutans was more sensitive to EEP than at 25°C while most resistant at 4°C. Cells of test organism were most susceptible to EEP …

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Simple And Rapid Spectrophotometric Method For The Analysis Of Erythromycin In Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms, R. Rattanapoltaveechai, W. Vongkom, W. Suntornsuk, L. Suntornsuk Jul 2020

Simple And Rapid Spectrophotometric Method For The Analysis Of Erythromycin In Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms, R. Rattanapoltaveechai, W. Vongkom, W. Suntornsuk, L. Suntornsuk

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

This work aimed to develop a simple and rapid spectrophotometric method for the analysis of erythromycin in pharmaceutical dosage forms. Direct UV and first derivative measurements at the wavelengths of 285 and 300 nm, respectively, in combination with standard addition method gave promising results. In both techniques, methanol was used as a solvent and dibasic potassium phosphate buffer (pH 8) was used to hydrolyze erythromycin stearate to erythromycin. Both the direct UV and first derivative measurements using standard addition method illustrated excellent linearity in the concentration range of 3-15 mg/mL (r2 > 0.98 and > 0.99, respectively) with good precision (%RSD < 0.65%). The limits of detection (LOD) of direct UV and first derivative measurements were 0.08 and 1.37 mg/mL, respectively, and the limits of quantitation (LOQ) were 0.24 and 4.17 mg/ mL, respectively. However, the first derivative measurement showed better % mean recovery (97.6% and 106.5% for brand A and B, respectively, %RSD < 3.34%) than the direct UV measurement (66.03% and 43.90% for brand A and B, respectively, %RSD up to 47.39%). Thus, the first derivative measurement using standard addition method was valuable for analyzing erythromycin in dosage forms, which excipients strongly interfere the UV absorbance of the drug.

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Effect Of Sulfite-Treated Daylily (Hemerocallis Fulva L.) Flower On The Production Of Nitric Oxide And Dna Damage In Macrophages, H.-Y. Chen, J.-Y. Bor, W.-H. Huang, G.-C. Yen Jul 2020

Effect Of Sulfite-Treated Daylily (Hemerocallis Fulva L.) Flower On The Production Of Nitric Oxide And Dna Damage In Macrophages, H.-Y. Chen, J.-Y. Bor, W.-H. Huang, G.-C. Yen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The inhibitory effect of fresh or dried daylilies extract on the generation of nitric oxide, and the effects of sulfur dioxide in dried daylily on nitric oxide production and DNA damage in Raw 264.7 macrophages were examined. The extracts from sulfite-treated and untreated dried daylily flowers exhibited stronger scavenging effects on nitric oxide production by sodium nitro-prusside (SNP) than that of fresh flower. Fresh and untreated dried daylily flowers exhibited strong inhibitory effect on nitric oxide induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in macrophages, but the sulfite-treated dried daylily did not. The scavenging effect of sulfite on nitric oxide production by SNP …

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Hplc Analysis Of Bioactive Diterpenoids From The Root Bark Of Pseudolarix Kaempferi, C.-F. Qiao, Q.-B. Han, J.-Z. Song, S.-F. Mo, C. Tai, H.-X. Xu Jul 2020

Hplc Analysis Of Bioactive Diterpenoids From The Root Bark Of Pseudolarix Kaempferi, C.-F. Qiao, Q.-B. Han, J.-Z. Song, S.-F. Mo, C. Tai, H.-X. Xu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The root bark of Pseudolarix kaempferi, a famous traditional Chinese medicine, has been commonly used in China to treat skin diseases caused by fungal infections. To evaluate its pharmatherapeutic quality, a sensitive, simple and accurate high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed for the quantitative analysis of three major bioactive diterpenoids, pseudolaric acids A-C in P. kaempferi. A Zorbax XDB RP-C18 (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm) was used in this HPLC system, with UV detection at 260 nm. A gradient elution was effected by a mobile phase composed of acetonitrile and 1% aqueous acetic acid, where acetonitrile concentration …

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The Effect Of Eudragit And Enteric Polymer Composite On The Release Of Nicardipine, P.-C. Wu, Y.-B. Huang, C.-H. Sung, R.-J. Wang, Y.-H. Tsai Jul 2020

The Effect Of Eudragit And Enteric Polymer Composite On The Release Of Nicardipine, P.-C. Wu, Y.-B. Huang, C.-H. Sung, R.-J. Wang, Y.-H. Tsai

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The purpose of this study was to investigate the sustained release of nicardipine/polymer solid dispersions prepared by solvent evaporation method. The release pattern of drug from solid dispersions was evaluated by the dissolution test in both dissolution medium of phosphate buffer pH 6.8 or gastric acid fluid pH 1.2, and was compared with a commercial long acting product Perdipine®. The results showed that the formulations with lower ratio of Nicardipine/Eudragit RS (N/RS) (below 1/ 5) had sustained release effect in gastric acid fluid (pH 1.2). The release rate of formulation of N/RS = 1/5 was slightly faster than that of …

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Separation And Identification Of The Constituents In Fangchi Radix Of Different Origins, W.-Y. Huang, C.-H. Su, S.-J. Sheu Jul 2020

Separation And Identification Of The Constituents In Fangchi Radix Of Different Origins, W.-Y. Huang, C.-H. Su, S.-J. Sheu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Fangchi Radix is derived from Aristolochiaceae or Menispermaceae plants and contains a series of biologically active alkaloids. Fifteen alkaloids in Fangchi crude extracts, including acutumidine(1), magnoflorine(2), stepharine(3), sinomenine(4), acutumine(5), cyclanoline(6), fangchinoline(7), berbamine(8), tetrandrine(9), isotetrandrine(10), trilobine(11), aristolochic acid II(12), aristolochic acid I(13), aristololactam(14) and isotrilobine(15), were separated completely by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) within 60 min. UV detection at 254 nm with a linear gradient elution consisting of 20 mM CH3COONH4 (pH 4.81) and H2O-CH3CN was found to be the most efficient eluent for the LC and LC-MS separations. The structures of the compounds corresponding to the peaks in the LC …

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Erratum: (Journal Of Food Drug Analysis Vol. 14 (3) (297)), Skip Jul 2020

Erratum: (Journal Of Food Drug Analysis Vol. 14 (3) (297)), Skip

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

[No abstract available]

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Baicalein Reverse The Methamphetamin-Induced Striatal Dopaminergic Neurotoxicity In Mice, Y.-Y. Liu, P.-H. Yeh, G.-J. Wang, S.-W. Huang, C.-W. Chi, L.-K. Ho, W.H.T. Pan Jul 2020

Baicalein Reverse The Methamphetamin-Induced Striatal Dopaminergic Neurotoxicity In Mice, Y.-Y. Liu, P.-H. Yeh, G.-J. Wang, S.-W. Huang, C.-W. Chi, L.-K. Ho, W.H.T. Pan

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The potential for neuroprotection by baicalein (5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone), a major constituent from the root of a widely used Chinese medicinal herb Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, against methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity was studied. All ICR mice were treated by 4-times repeated intraperitoneal administration, at 2 hr intervals, of either methamphetamine (5 mg/kg), saline, baicalein (1 mg/ kg) or baicalein pretreatment followed by methamphetamine. In the striatum of mouse, the tissue level of dopamine was monitored on day 3 and nitric oxide was assayed after 1 hr, 24 hrs and 3 days of the above treatments. The results showed that striatal dopamine was significantly depleted by …

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Capillary Gas Chromatographic Determination Of Isoniazid In Pharmaceutical Preparations And Blood Precolumn Derivazation With Trifluoroacetylacetone, M.Y. Khuhawar, L.A. Zardari Jul 2020

Capillary Gas Chromatographic Determination Of Isoniazid In Pharmaceutical Preparations And Blood Precolumn Derivazation With Trifluoroacetylacetone, M.Y. Khuhawar, L.A. Zardari

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Antituberculosis drug isoniazid (INH) and hydrazine (HZ) have been determined by capillary column gas chromatography after precolumn derivatization with trifluoroacetylacetone (FAA). Phenylhydrazine (PHZ) when present together with INH and HZ also separated completely from the column HP-5 (30 mm × 0.32 mm I.D) connected with flame ionization detection (FID), and thus was used as an internal standard. The linear calibration ranges for INH and HZ were determined to be 2.5-25 μg/mL and 2.5-21.2 μg/mL respectively, with detection limit (S/N = 3) corresponding 62.5 pg reaching to the detector. The method was applied for the determination of INH and HZ from …

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Protein Hydrolysate Batch Production With Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Activity Form Egg Whites, W.-D. Chiang, M.-J. Lee, W.-S. Guo, T.-C. Tsai Jul 2020

Protein Hydrolysate Batch Production With Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Activity Form Egg Whites, W.-D. Chiang, M.-J. Lee, W.-S. Guo, T.-C. Tsai

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Peptides derived from egg whites by thermolysin digestion were fractionated and characterized to investigate their inhibitory activity against angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE). The antihypertensive effect of egg white hydrolysates in strain SHR spontaneously hypertensive rats was also investigated. At optimal conditions, pH 8, 60°C, and (E)/(S) = 0.02%, digestion of 1% crude egg white solution by thermolysin was carried for 4 hours. The recovery yield from the supernatant after centrifugation was around 80%. The hydrolysate showed high ACE inhibitory activity (IC50 = 33 μg/mL) and imparted neither bitter taste nor the iron odor of egg whites. Sequential ultra-filtration of hydrolysate …

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Natural Products Of Cosmetics: Analysis Of Extracts Of Plants Endemic To Taiwan For The Presence Of Tyrosinase-Inhibitory, Melanin-Reducing, And Free Radical Scavenging Activities, C.-B. Jiang, M.-J. Chang, C.-L. Wen, Y.-P. Lin, F.-L. Hsu, M.-H. Lee Jul 2020

Natural Products Of Cosmetics: Analysis Of Extracts Of Plants Endemic To Taiwan For The Presence Of Tyrosinase-Inhibitory, Melanin-Reducing, And Free Radical Scavenging Activities, C.-B. Jiang, M.-J. Chang, C.-L. Wen, Y.-P. Lin, F.-L. Hsu, M.-H. Lee

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Non-toxic natural products useful in the formulation of cosmetics are of considerable interest. Recent efforts have focused on the identification of substances that inhibit tyrosinase activity or suppress formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in skin cells. Since tyrosinase is the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of melanin, the pigment responsible for the color of human skin, tyrosinase inhibitors may have skin-whitening effects. Since ROS have been implicated in the aging of human skin, agents that suppress the production of ROS may retard such aging. In the present study, ethanol (95%) extracts of 26 plants endemic to Taiwan were examined …

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Voltammetric Quantification Of Fluoxetine: Application To Quality Control And Quality Assurance Processes, R.P. Lencastre, C.D. Matos, J. Garrido, F. Borges, E.M. Garrido Jul 2020

Voltammetric Quantification Of Fluoxetine: Application To Quality Control And Quality Assurance Processes, R.P. Lencastre, C.D. Matos, J. Garrido, F. Borges, E.M. Garrido

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The oxidative behaviour of fluoxetine was studied at a glassy carbon electrode in various buffer systems and at different pH using cyclic, differential pulse and square wave voltammetry. A new square wave voltammetric method suitable for the quality control of fluoxetine in commercial formulations has been developed using a borate pH 9 buffer solution as supporting electrolyte. Under optimized conditions, a linear response was obtained in the range 10 to 16 μM with a detection limit of 1.0 μM. Validation parameters such as sensitivity, precision and accuracy were evaluated. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of fluoxetine …

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Determination Of Aflatoxin Contamination In Red-Scaled, Red And Black Pepper By Elisa And Hplc, H. Colak, E.B. Bingol, H. Hampikyan, B. Nazli Jul 2020

Determination Of Aflatoxin Contamination In Red-Scaled, Red And Black Pepper By Elisa And Hplc, H. Colak, E.B. Bingol, H. Hampikyan, B. Nazli

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Mycotoxins are toxic metabolites produced by some species of mould genera such as Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium. Mycotoxins are carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic and immunosuppressive to most animal species and humans. Humans are exposed to aflatoxins via risky foods such as milk, cereals and various spices. This study aimed to determine the aflatoxin levels in red scaled, red and black pepper. For this purpose, 84 spice samples were randomly obtained from markets and bazaars in Istanbul. Thirty-six of 84 spice samples (42.9%) were found contaminated with aflatoxins in the range of 0.3-46.8 μg/kg. All positive samples were also analyzed and confirmed …

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Analysis Of Volatile Compounds In Chinese Mitten Crab (Eriocheir Sinensis), D. Chen, M. Zhang Jul 2020

Analysis Of Volatile Compounds In Chinese Mitten Crab (Eriocheir Sinensis), D. Chen, M. Zhang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Volatile compounds in Chinese mitten crab (whole crab and crab meat) were investigated. Samples were extracted by simultaneous distillation-extraction (SDE) and then analyzed by Gas Chromatography/ Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). A total of 94 volatile compounds were identified and quantified in this study. 86 and 83 compounds were found in whole crab and crab meat, respectively. 76 compounds were found in both, including the 5-9 carbons aldehydes, methyl ketones, 2,3-butadione, 1-octen-3-ol, amines, pyrazines, thialdine and thiazoline, etc. In general, the concentrations of volatile compounds in whole crab were considerably greater than in crab meat, and SDE-GC/MS could be used to extract, …

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Antioxidative Effects Of Intracellular Extracts Of Yogurt Bacteria On Lipid Peroxidation And Intestine 407 Cells, C.-C. Ou, J.-L. Ko, M.-Y. Lin Jul 2020

Antioxidative Effects Of Intracellular Extracts Of Yogurt Bacteria On Lipid Peroxidation And Intestine 407 Cells, C.-C. Ou, J.-L. Ko, M.-Y. Lin

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The antioxidative activity of intracellular extracts of yogurt bacteria was measured based on the inhibition of lipid peroxidation of two model systems, namely a free fatty acid (linoleic acid) system and a biological lipid (plasma lipid) system. The inhibitory rate on linoleic acid peroxidation was 61 and 57% for Streptococcus salivarius ssp. thermophilus ATCC 19258 and Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus ATCC 11842, respectively. The inhibitory rate on plasma lipid peroxidation was 57 and 41% for S. salivarius ssp. thermophilus ATCC 19258 and L. delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus ATCC 11842, respectively. Results from both systems demonstrated that these two yogurt strains were …

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Pharmacokinetics And Conjugation Metabolism Of Naringin And Naringenin In Rats After Single Dose And Multiple Dose Administrations, M.-J. Wang, P.-D.L. Chao, Y.-C. Hou, S.-L. Hsiu, K.-C. Wen, S.-Y. Tsai Jul 2020

Pharmacokinetics And Conjugation Metabolism Of Naringin And Naringenin In Rats After Single Dose And Multiple Dose Administrations, M.-J. Wang, P.-D.L. Chao, Y.-C. Hou, S.-L. Hsiu, K.-C. Wen, S.-Y. Tsai

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Naringin and naringenin are major flavonoids in citrus fruits. This study investigated the pharmacokinetics of naringin and naringenin in rats. Single dose of naringenin was administered to rats via intravenous bolus and oral route, whereas naringin was given orally as single dose and multiple doses (twice daily for 9 days). The serum concentrations of naringenin were assayed by HPLC method prior to and after hydrolysis with β-glucuronidase and sulfatase, respectively. After intravenous bolus of naringenin, naringenin sulfates and glucuronides emerged instantaneously, the profile of naringenin parent form declined rapidly. In contrast, when naringenin and naringin was orally administered, naringenin sulfates …

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D-Phenylglycine Improves L-Dopa Binding To Serum Albumin, H.-P. Wang, Y.-H. Chuang, C.-Y. Lee, C.-L. Wang, W.-H. Hsieh Jul 2020

D-Phenylglycine Improves L-Dopa Binding To Serum Albumin, H.-P. Wang, Y.-H. Chuang, C.-Y. Lee, C.-L. Wang, W.-H. Hsieh

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

D-phenylglycine-L-dopa, a dipeptide synthesized in this laboratory for improving the oral absorption of L-dopa, showed better absorption and distribution in rats. We assumed that the extensive distribution might explain its sustained release of brain dopamine. Since protein binding is a main factor of drug distribution, we investigated the effect of D-phenylglycine on the binding of L-dopa to human serum albumin. The degree of the binding of D-phenylglycine, L-dopa and D-phenylglycine-L-dopa to serum albumin was determined. Free and bound portion of test compounds were separated with ultrafiltration method and the assay of free drug portion was conducted with reversed phase HPLC. …

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Determination Of Acrylamide In Chinese Foods By Gc-Ion Trap Ms Using 2-Bromopropenamide And 2-Bromopropenamide-13c3, W.-C. Cheng, S.-W. Hsiao, S.-S. Chou, L. Sun-Hwang, T.J. Lu, A.-I. Yeh Jul 2020

Determination Of Acrylamide In Chinese Foods By Gc-Ion Trap Ms Using 2-Bromopropenamide And 2-Bromopropenamide-13c3, W.-C. Cheng, S.-W. Hsiao, S.-S. Chou, L. Sun-Hwang, T.J. Lu, A.-I. Yeh

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

GC/Ion-Trap MS has been employed to determine the acrylamide content in some Chinese foods. The brominated derivative, 2,3-dibromopropionamide (2,3-DBPA), was found unstable and was converted to 2-bromopropenamide (2-BPA) during the GC/MS analysis. Lowering the injector temperature reduced the formation of 2-BPA. Triethylamine was used to convert 2,3-DBPA to 2-BPA, which was stable during the analysis. The 13C3-labeled acrylamide was used as the internal standard. The ratio of peak area of 2-bromopropenamide (m/z 151) to 2-bromopropenamide- 13C3 (m/z 154) was used for quantification. The recoveries were between 102% and 110% when wheat flour dough was spiked with acrylamide at 10 to …

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