Digital Commons Network^™

Death Of A Bail Bondsman: The Implementation And Successes Of Nonmonetary, Risk-Based Bail Systems, William M. Carlucci

Emory Law Journal

The Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution provides that bail, when afforded to a criminal defendant, not be excessive. However, there is no provision as to what form bail must take or how it is to be determined. Starting in the twilight of the nineteenth century, monetary conditions of bail became increasingly prevalent throughout the United States. Yet, in recent years, there has been a movement to eliminate the requirement that defendants pay their way to pretrial freedom. States have taken measures to move away from cash bail, ranging from significantly limiting its use to outright prohibitions against monetary …

Ancillary Enforcement Jurisdiction: The Misinterpretation Of Kokkonen And Expungement Petitions, Brandon Salky

Emory Law Journal

Criminal records do not always provide the disposition of the case. Therefore, in some circumstances, individuals who were arrested and subsequently had their charges dismissed or who were acquitted at trial are not always distinguishable from those convicted of a crime. For those individuals who were convicted of a crime, criminal records additionally do not always provide information on the crime you were convicted of. Consequently, the proliferation in access to background checks has resulted in the stigma associated with an arrest record becoming a significant barrier to employment and housing opportunities for individuals with a record. Prior to the …

The Crippling Costs Of The Juvenile Justice System: A Legal And Policy Argument For Eliminating Fines And Fees For Youth Offenders, Leigh R. Shapiro

Emory Law Journal

Across the United States, approximately one million youth appear in juvenile court each year. In almost every state, youth and their families face monetary charges for a young person’s involvement in the juvenile justice system. Too often the inability to pay subjects juveniles and their families to incarceration, suspension of driver’s licenses, an inability to expunge records, and economic and social stress, and pushes the youth offender deeper into the juvenile justice system. Over one hundred years ago, the Illinois legislature established the first separate juvenile court system. That system was designed to recognize that youth are different from adults …

The Prison Of Convenience: The Need For National Regulation Of Biometric Technology In Sports Venues, Kirsten Flicker

Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal

In recent years, biometric data has crept its way into sports venues. In 2015, Major League Baseball began to use fingerprinting at stadium entrances. More recently, reporters have alerted spectators to the use of facial recognition technology in arenas such as Madison Square Garden. Proponents of these developments insist that the technology conveniences spectators, increases venue security, and enhances the overall spectator experience. Yet these claims fail to take into account the possibility of irremediable data breaches, the inaccuracies in facial recognition technology, and the privacy and unfair and deceptive trade practice concerns this technology raises. Further, there is an …

Law Enforcement In Schools: Evolving Roles In Florida, Tricia Bridges

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

In response to several pieces of state legislation aimed at increasing safety in public school settings, school districts in Florida were provided state funding and given the autonomy to partner with local law enforcement agencies on school safety issues. One such issue is providing safety for students with disabilities, namely; autism. A school district in central Florida chose to ensure either a city police officer or sheriff deputy was placed in each public school within their zone, serving as a school resource officer (SRO). The purpose of this research study was to examine the lived experiences of SROs, including exploration …

Platooning Semi-Trucks In New Mexico: Liability Issues And Regulatory Solutions, Amanda Carmody

Natural Resources Journal

According to New Mexico’s Autonomous Vehicle Committee, over a dozen car manufacturers are working to incorporate more automated technology into vehicles, making vehicles more autonomous over the next five to ten years. While vehicle automation has many uses and applications, this paper focuses specifically on automated semi-truck platooning. Semi-truck platooning is defined as two or more vehicles which follow each other at a set speed and distance in an attempt to reduce drag and increase fuel efficiency. Automation assists semi-truck drivers maintain speed and distance between platooning vehicles. Platooning could have environmental, commercial, and safety benefits for New Mexico. Environmentally, …

Tennessee Forestry Commission 2019 Annual Report, Tennessee. Department Of Agriculture.

Forestry Commission Annual Report

No abstract provided.

Annual Report Of The Tennessee Emergency Communications Board, Fiscal Year 2019, Tennessee. Department Of Commerce And Insurance.

Emergency Communications Board Annual Report

No abstract provided.

West Chester University Tree Care Policy, Grounds Department

WCU Campus Sustainability Initiatives

The purpose of the West Chester University Tree Care Policy is to identify the policies, procedures, and practices that are used in establishing, protecting, maintaining, and removing trees on the West Chester University campus. The overall goal of the plan is to ensure a safe, attractive, and sustainable campus urban forest. By remaining true to this purpose the first impression of potential students and visitors are more apt to be positive.

Accountability And Repair: The Prosecutor’S Case For Restorative Justice, Miriam Krinsky, Taylor Phares

NYLS Law Review

No abstract provided.

Learning To Heal: Integrating Restorative Justice Into Legal Education, Natasha S. Vedananda

NYLS Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Invisible Wall: Public Charge Policy Impacts On Immigrant Families, Claire R. Thomas

NYLS Law Review

No abstract provided.

Deportation And Dissent: Protecting The Voices Of The Immigrant Rights Movement, Alina Das

NYLS Law Review

No abstract provided.

Salcedo V. Hanna, James Mishan

NYLS Law Review

No abstract provided.

California Cannabis Regulations And The Federal Food, Drug & Cosmetic Act: A Product Liability Perspective Of Edible Cannabis, Alexis Lazzeri

UC Law Business Journal

From the passage of Proposition 215 to present day, California’s cannabis industry has transformed from access solely for medical patients to a nearly three billion dollar a year industry with legal medicinal and adult-use consumption. With this rise in accessibility, edible cannabis products are being consumed more than ever. “Edibles” are food and drink products infused with cannabis, a mix of THC (i.e., delta 9 - tetrahydrocannabinol) and CBD (i.e., cannabidiol)—with varying levels of each, depending on the desired effect. CBD is a non-intoxicating compound often used to treat physical ailments and chronic conditions, while THC delivers a euphoric high. …

Analysis Of The Variability Of Project Cost And Schedule Performance In The Design-Build Environment, Yunping Liang, Baabak Ashuri, Wei Sun

Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction: Faculty Publications

Design-build (DB) projects are getting more implementations in the United States. Several studies indicate that the DB project delivery system has advantages in project cost and schedule performance. Despite having comparative advantages, DB projects are found to be far from immune from cost overruns and schedule delay in those studies. It is critical to understand the effects of various factors underpinning the cost and schedule performance of DB projects. The overall objective of this research is to utilize cluster analysis and statistical analysis to identify factors with significant potentials to describe the variability of project cost and schedule performance in …

A License To Kill: The Institutional Failure Of The Legal System To Hold Police Accountable, Eliana R. Fleischer

Honors Theses

In recent years, police shootings of unarmed African American men have become nationally visible. With few exceptions, the police officers involved in those shootings have escaped any criminal penalties. This paper addresses why so few police officers are convicted after shooting unarmed African Americans. Using an interdisciplinary approach, it addresses three aspects of the criminal justice system: prosecutorial power, Supreme Court case law, and jury bias. This paper argues that the legal system is structured to protect police officers from liability, making it unable to deliver justice after on-duty police shootings of unarmed African American men.

Annual Report 2018-2019, Tennessee. Department Of Labor & Workforce Development.

Annual Report

No abstract provided.

Predictive Scheduling Is Trending: Is Milwaukee Next?, Kelly J. Lyden

Marquette Benefits and Social Welfare Law Review

No abstract provided.

Management Strategies For Improving Construction Industry Ethics, Stacy R. Foster

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Despite the existence of ethical codes, ethical lapses continue to occur frequently in the construction industry. Ethical violations can have negative effects on society. The specific research problem was that many executive managers in construction companies may not understand what ethical strategies to implement to align practical ethical conduct in the construction industry with existing codes of ethics. The purpose of this qualitative, exploratory case study was to explore the perceptions of construction industry professionals on how to achieve alignment between industry ethical conduct and published codes of conduct. A conceptual framework based on Bandura’s concept of reciprocal determinism was …

The Impact Of Sex Offender Registration Laws On Offenders’ Reintegration Into Society, Stephanie Rose

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Information related to the experiences of sex offenders required to register under the Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act of 2006 is predominantly based on quantitative data, and the majority of information relates to the factors that contribute to sexual offenses, recidivism rates, and public opinion of the sex offender registry. There is a lack of research on the lived experience of sex offenders who are required to register, specifically those in rural Pennsylvania. Research is also lacking on how sex offenders and the professionals with whom they interact perceive the registry. Therefore, the purpose of this phenomenological study was …

An Educational Activity For Primary Care Providers Treating Older Veterans With Sexually Transmitted Infections, Beatrice Fannie Grant

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractComprehensive sex education is an effective method of promoting sexual health. Because primary care providers conduct the initial health need assessment of veterans, it is important that providers understand how to approach the subject of sexual health and the prevention of sexually transmitted infections. The purpose of this evidence-based project was to implement and evaluate an educational activity for primary care providers. The health belief model was used as theoretical framework. This project was introduced to a federal primary care clinic in the Mid-Atlantic United States. Twenty-five participants completed a pretest prior to the start of the educational activity that …

Loneliness, Prosocial Relationships, And Recidivism In Long-Term Incarcerated Juveniles, Amy Rhoads Jozan

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Prosocial bonds have been key in juvenile criminal desistance. Juvenile facility placement has resulted in deterioration of important prosocial supports and social isolation, increasing risk for recidivism. Loneliness has been increasingly prevalent in a facility setting, often leading to ongoing behavioral and health problems. Youth incarcerated longer than 1 year have experienced higher rates of physical and mental health challenges, lasting into adulthood. Lengthy juvenile incarceration impacts loneliness, postrelease prosocial relationships, and desistance implications have been underexplored. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore themes associated with reaffiliation motive, or lifelong problems resulting from loneliness, after experiencing youth …

Community Awareness Strategies To Increase Donations To Sustain Nonprofit Organizations' Operations, Susan Irene Mckeon

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Many nonprofit organization (NPO) leaders who face financial challenges due to reduced government funding and increased competition lack community awareness strategies to increase donations to sustain operations. Grounded in the resource-based view of competitive advantage theory, this qualitative single case study explored community awareness strategies NPO leaders use to increase donations to sustain NPO operations. The study participants were three senior leaders from a charitable organization with 37 service locations throughout Scotland, United Kingdom. Data used as evidence for the study consisted of personal conversations, semistructured interviews, publicly available documents, and organizational document data. Thematic analysis of data showed the …

Pandemic As Opportunity For Competence Restoration Decarceration, Susan A. Mcmahon

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

Before the pandemic, a defendant found incompetent to stand trial was often stranded in jail for weeks or months as she waited for an inpatient bed to open at a psychiatric facility. While there, she usually received no treatment, her mental health deteriorated, and she was astonishingly likely to be abused and neglected. She almost certainly came out of jail in a worse state than she was when she went in.

The pandemic has made this desperate situation even worse. Now that wait in jail is both longer, as many psychiatric facilities stopped accepting new patients as they dealt with …

Indot Research Program Benefit Cost Analysis—Return On Investment For Projects Completed In Fy 2019, Bob Mccullouch

JTRP Technical Reports

To demonstrate the value of research and its implementation, the Governor’s Office requested an annual financial analysis of the INDOT Research Program to determine the return on the research investment (ROI). This report is for the 35 research projects that completed in FY 2019. The ROI analysis will supplement the annual IMPACT report by adding a more rigorous quantitative benefit cost analysis (BCA) to the Research Program. Previous financial analyses used the approach of calculating net present values of cash flows to determine a benefit cost ratio and this report uses the same approach. Additionally, an overall program rate of …

Evaluation Of Anti-Icing/De-Icing Products Under Controlled Environmental Conditions, Yi Ji, Bob Mccullouch, Zhi Zhou

JTRP Technical Reports

Snow and ice removal are important tasks during the winter season and large amounts of anti-icing and de-icing chemicals are used and there is a critical need to review and synthesize information from the literature to compare and contrast anti-icing and de-icing chemicals to understand their environmental impact and support decision making. The effectiveness, costs, and environmental impact of commonly used and alternative anti-icing and de-icing chemicals were reviewed in this study. Application of anti-icing and de-icing chemicals may increase ion concentrations in soils and change nitrogen cycle, soil pH, and trace metal concentrations, affect surface water and groundwater, and …

Legal Tools For Achieving Low Traffic Zones (Ltzs): Lez, Ulez & Congestion Pricing In The U.S. Law Context, Amy E. Turner

Sabin Center for Climate Change Law

Cities around the world are looking to reduce greenhouse gas and other emissions from vehicles through the use of low emission zones and congestion pricing. These strategies have been employed to great success abroad, including in central London, where both congestion pricing and fees and restrictions on higheremitting vehicles are in effect. In the U.S. law context, these policy approaches give rise to significant legal issues that have not been well-explored. This Article proposes that these policy approaches be called “Low Traffic Zones” (LTZs), and surveys those legal considerations. The areas of law explored are: (1) potential for preemption of …

Gemütlichkeit Verboten: The Influence Of World War I Anti-German Sentiments On Prohibition, Susanne Schenk Watts

Theses and Dissertations

The proximity and simultaneity of World War I and Prohibition pose questions of a shared and connected relationship. The current historiography falls short to connect these two seminal events and their impact on German-American communities. This study expands the existing literature by analyzing the reactions of two German-American communities (New Ulm, Minnesota, and St. Louis, Missouri) to Prohibition against the backdrop of anti-German sentiments of World War I. Using a diverse range of sources (anti-German war propaganda material, Anti-Saloon League posters, material from the United States Brewers’ Association and US Senate investigation, as well as German and English-language newspapers from …

Fire Weather Associated With The 2019 Northern California Public Safety Power Shutoff Events, Scott Purdy

Master's Theses

Recent high impact wildfire events across California have piloted the implementation of grid de-energization by utilities across the state. The largest utility, Pacific Gas and Electric (PG&E), deployed this tactic on seven separate occasions during 2019, four of which occurred in October. This recent ploy has been established in the wake of many deadly wildfires such as the 2018 Camp Fire as an ignition mitigation tactic. Conditions such as the state of the fuels, meteorological conditions, and the consequent fire danger were evaluated as the primary triggers for the October de-energizations. It was determined that the fuels were critically dry …