Digital Commons Network^™

Police Perception And Decision Making Related To Cult Activities In Rivers State,Nigeria, Stephen Tete

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractCult groups are criminal youth gangs in Rivers State and Nigeria that are proscribed by law and engaged in criminal activities. The activities of cult groups are a severe problem confronting the police and communities across Rivers State, Nigeria. This qualitative phenomenological study’s objective was to fill a gap in knowledge by exploring how the police perceived cult groups and the threats they posed to public safety and their decision-making processes to combat cult criminal activities. This study used Lipsky’s street-level bureaucracy theory to explore how police exercise discretion to discharge their duties, considering some organizational constraints. The first research …

America's Paper Prisons: The Second Chance Gap, Colleen Chien

Michigan Law Review

Over the last decade, dozens of states and the federal government have enacted “second chance” reforms that increase the eligibility of individuals arrested, charged, or convicted of crimes to shorten their sentences, clear their criminal records, and/or regain the right to vote. While much fanfare has accompanied the increasing availability of “second chances,” little attention has been paid to their delivery. This study introduces the concept of the “second chance gap,” which it defines as the difference between eligibility and delivery of second chance relief; explores its causes; and approximates its size in connection with several second chance laws and …

The Effect Of Newspaper Closure On Local Media Ecology, Cody David Nespor

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

On August 31, 2019, the local newspaper of Youngstown, Ohio, The Vindicator, ceased publication after 150 years. The Vindicator’s closure left Youngstown as the largest city in the United State without a major newspaper. As local newspaper closures become more and more common across communities, there are questions on how, and if, the coverage and content those newspaper provide to their communities can be replaced or will simply be lost forever. This study has three research questions. Question one pertains to the amount of original reporting that will exist without The Vindicator. Questions two asks about the amount of locally …

Increasing Access To Pv Technology Through Sustainable Racking: A Review Of Existing Literature And Ground Mounted Fixed Tilt Designs, And What Can Be Done Next, Parijata Prabhakara

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

There is a lack of literature on the structural balance of systems (BOS), also called racking, for ground mount, fixed-tilt solar PV systems. Literature that exists discusses mostly rooftop racking and installations, additional wind loading, and weight considerations imposed on roofs, and little guidance is provided in building codes. The lack of peer-reviewed guidance on design requirements for domestic and large-scale application solar PV racking systems leaves most consumers relying on expensive, patented, off-the-shelf hardware. As PV cell technology and module costs have improved, we can start to focus on PV BOS improvements (particularly racking) and move towards sustainable designs …

Promise Amid Peril: Prea's Efforts To Regulate An End To Prison Rape, Brenda V. Smith

Project on Addressing Prison Rape - Articles

This Article discusses the modest aspirations of the Prison Rape Elimination Act (“PREA”) that passed unanimously in the United States Congress in 2003. The Article posits that PREA created opportunities for holding correctional authorities accountable by creating a baseline for safety and setting more transparent expectations for agencies’ practices for protecting prisoners from sexual abuse. Additionally, the Article posits that PREA enhanced the evolving standards of decency for the Eighth Amendment and articulated clear expectations of correctional authorities to provide sexual safety for people in custody.

School Safety Assessment: Responses From School Principal Interns, Cynthia Johnson

Northwest Journal of Teacher Education

School shootings in America occur with alarming frequency and little predictability or allowance for preparation and planning. This crisis demands attention and assessment from a variety of stakeholders, especially school leaders. Future school leaders require a curriculum that includes safe school assessment and intervention. Washington state school administrator interns responded to a safe school assessment checklist of key attributes to assess their knowledge of safe school planning and intervention. The findings indicate inconsistency in preparation and planning and provide an opportunity for school leaders to address school safety that can lead to the preparation and development of an extensive network …

Time-In-Cell 2019: A Snapshot Of Restrictive Housing Based On A Nationwide Survey Of U.S. Prison Systems, Alexandra Harrington, Leann Bertsch, Wayne Choinski, Kevin Kempf, John Baldwin, Harold Clarke, Bob Lampert, Rick Raemisch, Stephen Sinclair, Dean Williams, Judith Resnik, Anna Vancleave, Zal Shroff, Jonathan Petkun, Brian Highsmith, Atticus Ballesteros, Jaster Francis, Eli Feasley, Molly Petchenik, Jaclyn Willner, Arianna Zoghi

Other Scholarship

No abstract provided.

An Educational Activity For Primary Care Providers Treating Older Veterans With Sexually Transmitted Infections, Beatrice Fannie Grant

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractComprehensive sex education is an effective method of promoting sexual health. Because primary care providers conduct the initial health need assessment of veterans, it is important that providers understand how to approach the subject of sexual health and the prevention of sexually transmitted infections. The purpose of this evidence-based project was to implement and evaluate an educational activity for primary care providers. The health belief model was used as theoretical framework. This project was introduced to a federal primary care clinic in the Mid-Atlantic United States. Twenty-five participants completed a pretest prior to the start of the educational activity that …

Structural Predictors Of Lights And Sirens Use By Emergency Medical Services, Justin Alex Sleffel

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Ambulances regularly respond to scenes and transport patients while using lights and sirens (L&S), which are associated with an increased risk of vehicle crashes. The use of L&S persists, despite the risks, which impact emergency medical service (EMS) workers, patients, and other drivers and pedestrians on U.S. roadways. To understand the factors associated with ambulance crashes while using L&S, this study applied the Donabedian model to the problem. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between 3 organizational structural factors—organizational type, organizational status (staffing model), and level of service—and ambulance crash rates while using L&S. This study …

Examining The Criminogenic Effect Of Imprisonment On Drug Offender Recidivism, Tiffany Jean Vedder

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Studies have found criminogenic consequences of imprisonment when testing the deterrence hypothesis, yet few studies were found that examined the magnitude of post release criminal offenses among the drug offender population. The specific deterrence and criminogenic effects of imprisonment were the theoretical frameworks that guided this study of Harris County, Texas, to determine if incarceration predicted serious reoffending among low-level drug offenders. A Journal of Science and Law (Scilaw) archival dataset based on Harris County court records was used to build the sample. Chi-squared test of association and logistic regression statistics were used to analyze a sample of first-time drug …

Undercover Law Enforcement Operatives’ Perceptions Of Post Critical Incident Mental Health Services, David B. Spinella

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Undercover officers experience unique job-related stressors due to the covert nature and sometimes long duration of their tasks. Undercover officers adopt false identities that involve taking on a personality and lifestyle that the officer might find personally objectionable. If this identity is ever compromised, they and family members are in great danger. Officers are faced with the daily possibility of encountering abrupt and unforeseen traumatic events, such as gang retaliation, terrorism, and other events rarely experienced by civilians. Such events that exceed the range of normal experience are critical incidents, and they may be so overwhelming that they are beyond …

A Law-Themed Charter High School Born At New York Law School Remains Indelibly Linked, Amy Wallace

Articles & Chapters

It was a confluence of unrelated events at New York Law School in the spring of 2009 that led to the founding of the Charter High School for Law and Social Justice (CHSLSJ) in the Bronx, New York. Dedicated law school faculty members were crucial to the school’s launch and the law school, its law students and faculty continue to nurture this unique and reciprocal relationship. Professor Richard Marsico was the unstoppable force behind the founding of the charter school and its close connection to New York Law School (NYLS). This article details the origins of CHSLSJ, the current relationship …

Chapter 79: The Least-Worst Option For Utility Customers In The Aftermath Of Devastating Wildfires, Maddy Orlando

University of the Pacific Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Bluegrass Reentry Council Strategic Plan, Sydney Geiger

MPA/MPP/MPFM Capstone Projects

The overcrowding of jails and prisons and high recidivism rates are issues America is facing nationwide. Successful reentry into society following incarceration is a solution to this crisis. In response, in 2011, the Kentucky legislature passed House Bill 463 which mandated reentry councils across the state. The purpose of the councils are to address the current issues facing citizens returning from the justice system, develop a network of resources and service providers within their home area, and communicate and advocate for returning citizens by communicating issues to the community and their leaders.1 This analysis will develop a strategic plan for …

Enabling The Best Interests Factors, Adrián E. Alvarez

Faculty Publications

(Excerpt)

For over a century, state courts and other child welfare agencies in the United States have been applying the “best interests of the child standard” to all decision-making concerning children. The standard is also enshrined within the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC)—a treaty that every nation in the world has ratified except the United States. Notwithstanding its widespread adoption in family law, the standard is, with only a few exceptions, noticeably missing from American laws and policies pertaining to children in the immigration system.

There is a rich literature arguing that children should enjoy special …

The Current Role Of The Environment In Reinforcing Acts Of Domestic Terrorism: How Fear Of A Climate Change Apocalypse May Strengthen Right-Wing Hate Groups, Hope M. Babcock

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

Right-wing extremist organizations, like white supremacists and nativists, are using the environment as a rallying cry to gain supporters of their anti-social agendas. Apocalyptic rhetoric about climate change and the lack of action to combat it has frightened some people into accepting the simplistic, violent worldview of these groups. Although the violence is new, the coupling of racism and anti-immigration rants with environmental goals is not—it is part of our cultural history. This Article provides some background on the threats of environmental and domestic terrorism facing our nation and describes how the present-day rhetoric of fear of an environmental Armageddon …

Airport Ceos And The Decentralized System Of Airports: A Case Study, Marjan Mazza

Publications

The job of the airport CEO is complex with responsibility for the security and safety of a large and dynamic facility and, yet the FAA does not have regulatory qualification and performance standards for the position. The purpose of this qualitative multi-case study was to explore the primary attributes that could be the leading indicators in the event national standards for the hiring of airport CEOs are pursued at major commercial airports. The guiding conceptual framework of the study was to combine competency with the concept of training and development. Airport CEOs from six airport facilities were interviewed, and an …

Beyond Policing, India Thusi

Books & Book Chapters by Maurer Faculty

We all deserve to live in communities where we feel safe

And true community safety means feeling safe from violence by the state, which includes the police. Social inequity has systematically and institutionally permeated our country since its founding, becoming more visible at various times in our history. We are now living in one of those moments of tremendous clarity, and it calls on us to look deeply at the efficacy of the reforms and narratives which preceded it . The deadly consequences of political decisions that create health disparities are now a wound that cannot be unseen as the …

Give Me Your Tired, Your Poor (Unless They Are From “One Of Three Mexican Countries”): Unaccompanied Children And The Humanitarian Crisis At The U.S. Southern Border, Samantha R. Bentley

University of Richmond Law Review

This Comment argues that the United States’s response to the humanitarian crisis at its border is wholly inadequate. It argues that the government chose to advance two policies, Zero Tolerance and Family Separation, that exacerbated the humanitarian crisis at the border. These policies facilitated practices that violated domestic and international law. Most importantly, this Comment argues that the United States government traumatized one of the most vulnerable groups of people in the world: children.

Together With Tosha Newsletter, Winter 2020, Tennessee. Department Of Labor & Workforce Development.

TOSHA Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Office Of Criminal Justice Programs Annual Report Fy 2018/2019, Tennessee. Department Finance & Administration.

Office of Criminal Justice Programs

No abstract provided.

Tennessee Strategic Highway Safety Plan 2020-2024

Strategic Highway Safety Plan

No abstract provided.

An Approach To Cluster And Benchmark Regional Emergency Medical Service Agencies, Swetha Kondapalli

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Emergency Medical Service (EMS) providers are the first responders for an injured patient on the field. Their assessment of patient injuries and determination of an appropriate hospital play a critical role in patient outcomes. A majority of states in the US have established a state-level governing body (e.g., EMS Division) that is responsible for developing and maintaining a robust EMS system throughout the state. Such divisions develop standards, accredit EMS agencies, oversee the trauma system, and support new initiatives through grants and training. But to do so, these divisions require data to enable them to first understand the similarities between …

Causes, Prevention, And Macro-Level Effects Of Juvenile Substance Abuse, Nicole Neiman

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

This project will evaluate the prevalence, types, causation, and effects of juvenile substance abuse. Looking into this, the reader can understand the factors that lead to juvenile substance abuse and the further affects that juvenile substance abuse can have on the user, the juvenile justice system, the community, and society as a whole. Some of the factors to be taken into consideration include physical/sexual abuse, mental health disorders, familial situations, socioeconomic status, age, gender, peer influence, and other demographics. Furthermore, the reader will also understand how juvenile substance abuse relates to crime. Research will be done to review the drug-crime …

Blue States, Red States: The United States?, Catherine Powell

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Internet Of Things For Sustainable Community Development: Introduction And Overview, Abdul Salam

Faculty Publications

The two-third of the city-dwelling world population by 2050 poses numerous global challenges in the infrastructure and natural resource management domains (e.g., water and food scarcity, increasing global temperatures, and energy issues). The IoT with integrated sensing and communication capabilities has the strong potential for the robust, sustainable, and informed resource management in the urban and rural communities. In this chapter, the vital concepts of sustainable community development are discussed. The IoT and sustainability interactions are explained with emphasis on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and communication technologies. Moreover, IoT opportunities and challenges are discussed in the context of sustainable community …

Internet Of Things In Sustainable Energy Systems, Abdul Salam

Faculty Publications

Our planet has abundant renewable and conventional energy resources but technological capability and capacity gaps coupled with water-energy needs limit the benefits of these resources to citizens. Through IoT technology solutions and state-of-the-art IoT sensing and communications approaches, the sustainable energy-related research and innovation can bring a revolution in this area. Moreover, by the leveraging current infrastructure, including renewable energy technologies, microgrids, and power-to-gas (P2G) hydrogen systems, the Internet of Things in sustainable energy systems can address challenges in energy security to the community, with a minimal trade-off to environment and culture. In this chapter, the IoT in sustainable energy …

Syllabus For Phrm 49000 Conversations About Death And Dying, Jason B. Reed, Chelsea M. Baker

Libraries Faculty and Staff Creative Materials

Class syllabus for Conversations on Death and Dying from spring 2020

Error Correction For Automotive Telematics Systems, Samer Zakhem

Wayne State University Dissertations

One benefit of data communication over the voice channel of the cellular network is to reliably transmit real-time high priority data in case of life critical situations. An important implementation of this use-case is the pan-European eCall automotive standard, which has already been deployed since 2018. This is the first international standard for mobile emergency call that was adopted by multiple regions in Europe and the world. Other countries in the world are currently working on deploying a similar emergency communication system, such as in Russia and China. Moreover, many experiments and road tests are conducted yearly to validate and …

A Case-Study Of Ethnic, Gender, And Racial Diversity In A Corporation: The Impact Of Mentoring Minority Frontline Managers, George A. Vigil

Theses and Dissertations

By fundamentally integrating mentorships within an organizational context, minority frontline managers may perceive their work as a value to the organization and as a result, achieve heightened job performance directly influencing personal growth beyond their position. This qualitative case study will analyze ethnic, gender, and racial diversity in a corporation and the impact of mentoring minority frontline managers in a sales department within a consumer products corporation. The existing problem is that minority frontline minority managers are not advancing within the selected corporation and are met with historic socio-cultural and socio-economic patterns and corporate barriers that limit their cognitive growth. …