Digital Commons Network^™

Pneumatosis Intestinalis In Covid-19: Case Series., K. Wong, D. H. Kim, S. Khanijo, A. Melamud, G. Zaidi

Journal Articles

OBJECTIVE:To describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who developed pneumatosis intestinalis (PI). METHODS:This case series was conducted in intensive care units at two large tertiary care centers within the Northwell Health System, located in New York State. Patients were included if they were identified as having confirmed COVID-19 as well as pneumatosis intestinalis from March 16, 2020 to July 31, 2020. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, vasopressor use, anticoagulation use, opiate use, paralytic use, COVID-19 treatment regimen, serum lactate, arterial pH, serum bicarbonate, subsequent intervention, and outcomes during hospitalization were collected. Results: A total …

Hypermetabolism And Coronavirus Disease 2019, P. Yu, H. Cassiere, S. Derosa, K. Bocchieri, S. Yar, A. Hartman

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Demographics And Outcomes Of Patients With Eating Disorders Treated In Residential Care, M. Fisher, J. R. Henretty, S. A. Cox, R. Feinstein, V. Fornari, L. Moskowitz, M. Schneider, S. Levine, J. Malizio, J. Fishbein

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Evaluation And Management Of Overweight And Obesity In Children And Adolescents – Current Problems In Pediatric And Adolescent Health Care, J. Kerns, M. Fisher

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Association Of Anticoagulation Dose And Survival In Hospitalized Covid-19 Patients: A Retrospective Propensity Score-Weighted Analysis, F. Ionescu, I. Jaiyesimi, I. Petrescu, P. R. Lawler, E. Castillo, Y. Munoz-Maldonado, Z. Imam, M. Narasimhan, A. E. Abbas, G. B. Nair, +1 Additional Author

Journal Articles

© 2020 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd Background: Hypercoagulability may contribute to COVID-19 pathogenicity. The role of anticoagulation (AC) at therapeutic (tAC) or prophylactic doses (pAC) is unclear. Objectives: We evaluated the impact on survival of different AC doses in COVID-19 patients. Methods: Retrospective, multi-center cohort study of consecutive COVID-19 patients hospitalized between March 13 and May 5, 2020. Results: A total of 3480 patients were included (mean age, 64.5 years [17.0]; 51.5% female; 52.1% black and 40.6% white). 18.5% (n = 642) required intensive care unit (ICU) stay. 60.9% received pAC (n …

A Case Of Wernicke's Encephalopathy In A Pregnant Woman With A History Of Sleeve Gastrectomy., H. Kandlakunta, D. Gurala, J. Philipose, A. Polavarapu, J. R. Abergel

Journal Articles

Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) is a neurological complication of thiamine deficiency characterized by a triad of acute confusion, ataxia, and ophthalmoplegia. Even though it is most common in chronic alcoholism, an increase in prevalence has been reported recently due to the increased popularity of bariatric surgeries. WE is a known neurological complication after gastric bypass surgery but rarely reported after sleeve gastrectomy. We present a unique case of WE in pregnant women four months after sleeve gastrectomy.

Assessing Health Professionals’ Perception Of Health Literacy In Rhode Island Community Health Centers: A Qualitative Study, Mary L. Greaney, Sherrie F. Wallington, Sankeerth Rampa, Vivian S. Vigliotti, Carol A. Cummings

Public Health Faculty Publications

Background: Limited health literacy is linked with poor health behaviors, limited health care access, and poor health outcomes. Improving individual and population health outcomes requires understanding and addressing barriers to promoting health literacy.

Methods: Using the socio-ecological model as a guiding framework, this qualitative study (Phase 1 of a larger ongoing project) explored the interpersonal and organizational levels that may impact the health literacy levels of patients seeking care at federally qualified community health centers (FQCHCs) in Rhode Island. Focus groups were conducted with FQCHC employees (n = 37) to explore their perceptions of the health literacy skills of …

Sullivan County, New Hampshire Annual Report For The Fiscal Year Ending June 30, 2020., Sullivan County Representatives

Sullivan County, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a county in the state of New Hampshire.

Legalizing The Meaning Of Meat, Steph Tai

Loyola University Chicago Law Journal

What we call meat has become a contentious issue in the United States. This Article is the first to explore the many dynamics behind meat labeling laws proposed by various state legislatures. It uses food studies methods to places those debates within a larger context of the history of “meat” and plant-based proteins, as well as other food labeling struggles. The Article ultimately argues that expressly recognizing these dynamics can augment sustainable food advocacy efforts in the future.

Sweat And Saliva Cortisol Response To Stress And Nutrition Factors, Peter Pearlmutter, Gia Derose, Cheyenne Samson, Nicholas Linehan, Yuqiao Cen, Lina Begdache, Daehan Won, Ahyeon Koh

Health & Wellness Studies Faculty Scholarship

Cortisol is a biomarker for stress monitoring; however, the biomedical and clinical relevance is still controversial due to the complexity of cortisol secretion mechanisms and their circadian cycles as well as environmental factors that afect physiological cortisol level, which include individual mood and dietary intake. To further investigate this multifaceted relationship, a human pilot study examined cortisol concentration in sweat and saliva samples collected from 48 college-aged participants during aerobic exercise sessions along with mental distress and nutrition surveys. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays determined highly signifcant diferences between apocrine-dominant sweat (AP), saliva before exercise (SBE), and saliva after exercise (SAE) cortisol …

An Evaluation Of The Advance Directives-Live Action Simulation Training (Ad-Last) Program, Alexandra Rosa Spinelli

Theses and Dissertations

Advance Care Planning (ACP) is a process that captures a patient’s wishes in the case of future circumstances in which they are unable to express them. Studies show that less than one third of the general population has completed some type of formal Advance Directive (AD). There are barriers to completing ADs, and these barriers operate on multiple levels, including, patient, provider and institutional. To improve providers’ capacity to help patients complete ACP, and overcome these barriers, a provider-focused intervention was conducted. The current study is an analysis of archival data collected from the Advance Directives-Live Action Simulation Training (AD-LAST) …

Perceived Racial Discrimination And Its Association To Unhealthy Consumption And Obesity, Julie Kittleman

Theses and Dissertations

The aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that both recent and lifetime racial discrimination along with discrimination subscales (social exclusion, work discrimination, stigmatization, and threat or physical harassment) is linked to unhealthy food consumption and health habits. Discrimination has been identified as a possible risk factor for unhealthy food consumption. Research has not yet clearly concluded if unhealthy consumption is a function of recent or chronic exposure to discrimination, the specific type of discrimination or if the effects of discrimination are independent of other life stressors such as neighborhood poverty and stress. Participants (n = 142) were …

Calcium Carbonate, Kristina Fritz, Katherine Taylor, Mayur S. Parmar

HPD Articles

No abstract provided.

A Systemic Review And Meta-Analysis On The Antihypertensive Effect Of Aromatherapy Essential Oils, Mikyoung Lee, Ji-Ah Song, Mina Ahn, Ahra Jo, Jeongah Park, Wonjong Kim, Claudia M. Davis, Yeon Sook Kim, Myun-Haeng Hur

Nursing Faculty Publications

Purpose: This study is a systemic review of experimental results on the effects of aromatherapy on blood pressure.

Materials and Methods: Journal articles published to December, 2017, were retrieved from twelve databases. Randomized controlled trials in which were evaluated for changes in blood pressure following aromatherapy were selected. Risks of bias were assessed using the risk-of-bias (ROB) tool of the Cochrane Collaboration. Meta-analysis were dine using RevMan.

Results: Of the 2545 articles retrieved from the electronic databases, 580 duplicate articles and 1891 articles that were unrelated to the PICO (patient/problem, intervention, comparison, outcome) elements or did not satisfy the inclusion …

Statistical Learning Methods To Predict Activity Intensity From Body-Worn Accelerometers, Drew M. Lazar, Munni Begum, Monzur Murshed, Benjamin Nelson, Joshua M. Bock, Mary T. Imboden, Leonard Kaminsky, Alex Hk Montoye

Faculty Publications - Department of Kinesiology

 Physical activity, especially when performed at moderate or vigorous intensity, has short- and long-term health benefits, but measurement of free-living physical activity is challenging. Accelerometers are popular tools to assess physical activity, although accuracy of conventional accelerometer analysis methods is suboptimal. This study developed and tested statistical learning models for assessing activity intensity from body-worn accelerometers. Twenty-eight adults performed 10-21 activities of daily living in two visits while wearing four accelerometers (right hip, right ankle, both wrists). Accelerometer placement is of crucial practical concern and this paper addresses this issue. Boosting, bagging, random forest and decision tree models were …

Sex-Segregated Range Use By Black-And-White Ruffed Lemurs (Varecia Variegata) In Ranomafana National Park, Madagascar, Andrea L. Baden, Jelisa Oliveras, Brian Gerber

Natural Resources Science Faculty Publications

Ranging behavior is one important strategy by which nonhuman primates obtain access to resources critical to their biological maintenance and reproductive success. As most primates live in permanent social groups, their members must balance the benefits of group living with the costs of intragroup competition for resources. However, some taxa live in more spatiotemporally flexible social groups, whose members modify patterns of association and range use as a method to mitigate these costs. Here, we describe the range use of one such taxon, the black-and-white ruffed lemur (Varecia variegata), at an undisturbed primary rain forest site in Ranomafana …

Elder Law Instutute, Indiana Continuing Legal Education Forum (Iclef)

Indiana Continuing Legal Education Forum 2020

Meeting proceedings of a seminar by the same name, held October 1-2, 2020.

Perceived Neighborhood: Preferences Versus Actualities, Saeed Moradi, Ali Nejat, Da Hu, Souparno Ghosh

Department of Statistics: Faculty Publications

Housing recovery plays a key role in the overall restoration of a community. A multitude of factors affect housing recovery, many of which are associated with interactions of residents with their perceived neighborhoods. Targeting perceived neighborhoods rather than administratively defined measures of land helps with devising recovery plans that could better address social preferences of the residents. However, such measures are commonly subject to collection of information via expensive and time-consuming surveys. The current research aims to contribute to the domain by exploring the relationship between perception of households of their neighborhood anchors (perceived anchors) and the anchors that exist …

Tumor Ablation Due To Inhomogeneous Anisotropic Diffusion In Generic Three-Dimensional Topologies, Erdi Kara, Aminur Rahman, Eugenio Aulisa, Souparno Ghosh

Department of Statistics: Faculty Publications

In recent decades computer-aided technologies have become prevalent in medicine, however, cancer drugs are often only tested on in vitro cell lines from biopsies. We derive a full three-dimensional model of inhomogeneous -anisotropic diffusion in a tumor region coupled to a binary population model, which simulates in vivo scenarios faster than traditional cell-line tests. The diffusion tensors are acquired using diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging from a patient diagnosed with glioblastoma multiform. Then we numerically simulate the full model with finite element methods and produce drug concentration heat maps, apoptosis hotspots, and dose-response curves. Finally, predictions are made about optimal …

Examining How Rural Ecological Contexts Influence Children's Early Learning Opportunities, Iheoma U. Iruka, Mark Dekraai, Janell Walther, Susan M. Sheridan, Tarik Abdel-Monem

University of Nebraska Public Policy Center: Publications

According to Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological theory (Bronfenbrenner & Evans, 2000), children’s early development and learning are influenced by multiple systems, including the microsystem (e.g., family poverty level), mesosystem (e.g., home-school partnership), exosystem (e.g., community type, early education policies), and macrosystem (e.g., rural culture). Given the lack of early education studies focused on rural communities, we sought to explore how these ecological systems are linked to children’s early learning experiences, with a particular focus on educators’ perceptions of how these ecosystems influence children’s learning environments and opportunities. Based on interviews and focus groups with school leaders, educators, and parents in 10 rural …

Description, Utilisation And Results From A Telehealth Primary Care Weight Management Intervention For Adults With Obesity In South Carolina, Joshua D. Brown, Sarah Hales, T. Ed Evans, Tonya Turner, David O. Sword, Patrick M. O'Neil, Sara Ballentine, Oscar Lovelace, Ragan Aleise Dubose-Morris

MUSC Faculty Journal Articles

Introduction: In the US, obesity rates are higher in rural areas than in urban areas. Rural access to treatment of obesity is limited by a lack of qualified clinicians and by transportation and financial barriers. We describe a telemedicine weight management programme, Wellness Connect, developed through a partnership of academic clinicians and rural primary care providers in South Carolina, and present utilisation and weight outcomes from seven patient cohorts. Methods: Eight bi-weekly sessions were provided via telemedicine videoconferencing for groups of patients at these rural primary care clinics. Protocol-based sessions were led by registered dietitians, exercise physiologists and clinical psychologists …

Development And Evolution Of A Statewide Outpatient Consultation Service: Leveraging Telemedicine To Improve Access To Specialty Care, Aaron P. Lesher, Samir M. Fakhry, Ragan Dubose-Morris, Jillian Harvey, Laura B. Langston, David M. Wheeler, Jacob T. Brack, James T. Mcelligott

MUSC Faculty Journal Articles

Despite a robust health care system in the United States, many Americans experience health care disparities as a result of poor access to medical care. Academic medicine plays an important role in addressing health care disparities by providing primary and specialty care for the poor and uninsured. In South Carolina, 43 of its 46 counties are designated as fully or partially Medically Underserved Areas (MUAs), defined as areas with a shortage of medical providers, high infant mortality, and either high elderly population or high poverty rates. To address these health care disparities, an academic medical center in South Carolina created …

Comparison Of Low Carbohydrate Diets On Renal And Glucose Function In Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Garrett A. Couch

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Background - Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a growing crisis that can lead to more problems if left untreated. One of these problems includes diabetic nephropathy or Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). While there have been many advances in the field of treating CKD with medication, there are currently no medications with the capability of stopping the progression of or reversing diabetic nephropathy; however, recent studies have shown that diabetic nephropathy can be stopped and even reversed through dietary interventions. One of these studies went through the effects of a low protein diet on diabetic nephropathy and found very promising …

The Effects Of Modifiable And Non-Modifiable Risk Factors On The Severity Of Gastroparesis-Like Symptoms, Jonathon B. Nelson

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Gastroparesis (GP) is a clinical disorder recognized by measured delayed gastric emptying without mechanical obstruction, in addition to symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, chronic abdominal pain, heartburn, early satiety upon eating a regular-sized meal, and exaggerated postprandial fullness. While GP is considered a clinically rare disorder, there is much suspicion that a much larger number of patients experience GP-like symptoms without an official diagnosis. Furthermore, little work has been done to identify the causes and exacerbations of this gastrointestinal (GI) distress in the young adult population. This study's primary goal was to establish a relationship between modifiable and non-modifiable risk …

Evaluation Of Remote-Based Learning Of A Nutrition Program For Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Covid-19 Pilot Study, Riley H. Shurack

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Introduction: Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) demonstrate poor health-related behaviors, such as nutrition, compared to their typically developed (TD) counterparts. With the occurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic and mandatory stay-at-home orders, such health-related behaviors may be complicated and there is a need to focus on feasibility and acceptability of in-person and remote-based nutrition programs.

Methods: Eleven high school students with ASD were recruited to participate in a modified nutrition program utilizing Zoom software during COVID-19. The duration was once a week for four weeks, and concepts reviewed included shopping for healthy food on a budget, introducing non-perishable …

Expanding The Evolutionary Explanations For Sex Differences In The Human Skeleton, Holly M. Dunsworth

Sociology and Anthropology Faculty Publications

While the anatomy and physiology of human reproduction differ between the sexes, the effects of hormones on skeletal growth do not. Human bone growth depends on estrogen. Greater estrogen produced by ovaries causes bones in female bodies to fuse before males' resulting in sex differences in adult height and mass. Female pelves expand more than males' due to estrogen and relaxin produced and employed by the tissues of the pelvic region and potentially also due to greater internal space occupied by female gonads and genitals. Evolutionary explanations for skeletal sex differences (aka sexual dimorphism) that focus too narrowly on big …

Seasonal Changes In Eastern Hemlock (Tsuga Canadensis) Foliar Chemistry, Ian G. Kinahan, Chad M. Rigsby, Suzanne K. Savage, Nick L. Houseman, Andrew S. Marsella, Anita Oppong, Brenton L. Deboef, Colin M. Orians, Evan L. Preisser

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carriére; hemlock) is an eastern North American conifer threatened by the invasive hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae Annand). Changes in foliar terpenes and phenolics were evaluated in new (current year growth) and mature (1-year old growth) hemlock needles during the growing season and into plant dormancy. From April through September, foliar concentrations of non-volatile soluble phenolics, condensed tannins, lignin, mono- and sesquiterpenes α-pinene, camphene, isobornyl acetate, and diterpene resin were quantified. After September, additional analyses of metabolites that continued to differ significantly in new versus mature foliage were carried out. Total soluble phenolic …

The Double Burden Of Malnutrition: A Systematic Review Of Operational Definitions, Jennie N. Davis, Brietta M. Oaks, Reina Engle-Stone

Nutrition Faculty Publications

Background

Despite increasing research on the double burden of malnutrition (DBM; i.e., coexisting over- and undernutrition), there is no global consensus on DBM definitions. Objectives

To identify published operational DBM definitions, measure their frequency of use, and discuss implications for future assessment. Methods

Following a structured search of peer-reviewed articles with terms describing “overnutrition” [e.g., overweight/obesity (OW/OB)] and “undernutrition” (e.g., stunting, micronutrient deficiency), we screened 1920 abstracts, reviewed 500 full texts, and extracted 623 operational definitions from 239 eligible articles. Results

We organized three identified DBM dimensions (level of assessment, target population, and forms of malnutrition) into a framework for …

Resource Nationalism And Zambia’S Oscillating Mining Taxation Regime, Edna Kabala, Rosemary Mapoma, John Lungu

Zambia Social Science Journal

The parcelling and privatisation of the large state-owned mining conglomerate Zambia Consolidated Copper Mines (ZCCM) involved the signing of Development Agreements (DAs) between the Zambian government and the new private investors. These DAs were concessionary to the new investors, offering low taxation rates, tax exemptions and deductions. But in 2008, under political pressure from the opposition, then President Mwanawasa abrogated the DAs with a new Mines and Minerals Act, removing exemptions and deductions and increasing taxation rates. This action set in motion a decade long period of contestation over mining taxation in Zambia, with the introduction and retraction of numerous …

A Recommended “Minimum Data Set” Framework For Sd-Oct Retinal Image Acquisition And Analysis From The Atlas Of Retinal Imaging In Alzheimer’S Study (Arias), Jessica Alber, Edmund Arthur, Stuart Sinoff, Delia Cabrera Debuc, Emily Y. Chew, Lori Douquette, Wendy V. Hatch, Chris Hudson, Amir Kashani, Cecelia S. Lee, Stephen Montaquila, Sima Mozdbar, Leonardo Provetti Cunha, Faryan Tayyari, Gregory Van Stavern, Peter J. Snyder

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Introduction: We propose a minimum data set framework for the acquisition and analysis of retinal images for the development of retinal Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers. Our goal is to describe methodology that will increase concordance across laboratories, so that the broader research community is able to cross‐validate findings in parallel, accumulate large databases with normative data across the cognitive aging spectrum, and progress the application of this technology from the discovery stage to the validation stage in the search for sensitive and specific retinal biomarkers in AD.

Methods: The proposed minimum data set framework is based on the Atlas of …