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Articles 2041 - 2070 of 28876
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Global Risk Of Invasion By Bactrocera Zonata: Implications On Horticultural Crop Production Under Changing Climatic Conditions, Kumbirai M. Zingore, George Sithole, Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman, Samira A. Mohamed, Sunday Ekesi, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Mohammed E.E. Mahmoud
Global Risk Of Invasion By Bactrocera Zonata: Implications On Horticultural Crop Production Under Changing Climatic Conditions, Kumbirai M. Zingore, George Sithole, Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman, Samira A. Mohamed, Sunday Ekesi, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Mohammed E.E. Mahmoud
All Peer-Reviewed Publications
The peach fruit fly Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is an important invasive species causing substantial losses to the horticulture industry worldwide. Despite the severe economic impact caused by this pest in its native and invaded range, information on its potential range expansion under changing climate remains largely unknown. In this study, we employed maximum entropy (MaxEnt) modeling approach to predict the global potential climatic suitability of B. zonata under current climate and four Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) for the year 2050. Outputs from MaxEnt were merged with Spatial Production Allocation Model. A natural dispersal model using Gaussian dispersal kernel …
Making It To The Phd: Gender And Student Performance In Sub-Saharan Africa, Monica Fisher, Violet Nyabaro, Ruth Mendum, Moses Osiru
Making It To The Phd: Gender And Student Performance In Sub-Saharan Africa, Monica Fisher, Violet Nyabaro, Ruth Mendum, Moses Osiru
All Peer-Reviewed Publications
Women's underrepresentation in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) impedes progress in solving Africa's complex development problems. As in other regions, women's participation in STEM drops progressively moving up the education and career ladder, with women currently constituting 30% of Africa's STEM researchers. This study elucidates gender-based differences in PhD performance using new survey data from 227 alumni of STEM PhD programs in 17 African countries. We find that, compared to their male counterparts, sampled women had about one less paper accepted for publication during their doctoral studies and took about half a year longer to finish their PhD training. …
Distribution Of Candidatus Liberibacter Species In Eastern Africa, And The First Report Of Candidatus Liberibacter Asiaticus In Kenya, Inusa J. Ajene, Fathiya M. Khamis, Barbara Van Asch, Gerhard Pietersen, Nurhussen Seid, Ivan Rwomushana, Fidelis L.O. Ombura, George Momanyi, Pole Finyange, Brenda A. Rasowo, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Samira Mohammed, Sunday Ekesi
Distribution Of Candidatus Liberibacter Species In Eastern Africa, And The First Report Of Candidatus Liberibacter Asiaticus In Kenya, Inusa J. Ajene, Fathiya M. Khamis, Barbara Van Asch, Gerhard Pietersen, Nurhussen Seid, Ivan Rwomushana, Fidelis L.O. Ombura, George Momanyi, Pole Finyange, Brenda A. Rasowo, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Samira Mohammed, Sunday Ekesi
All Peer-Reviewed Publications
Huanglongbing (HLB) is a serious disease of Citrus sp. worldwide. In Africa and the Mascarene Islands, a similar disease is known as African citrus greening (ACG) and is associated with the bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter africanus (Laf). In recent years, Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Las) associated with the severe HLB has been reported in Ethiopia. Thus, we aimed to identify the Liberibacter species affecting citrus, the associated vectors in Eastern Africa and their ecological distribution. We assessed the presence of generic Liberibacter in symptomatic leaf samples by quantitative PCR. Subsequently, we sequenced the 50 S ribosomal protein L10 (rplJ) gene region in …
Differentially Expressed Genes And Their Clinical Significance In Ischaemic Stroke: An In-Silico Study, Muni Rubens
Differentially Expressed Genes And Their Clinical Significance In Ischaemic Stroke: An In-Silico Study, Muni Rubens
All Publications
No abstract provided.
Application Of Machine Learning Models: Stock Price Forecasting Of The Philippines' Top Six Conglomerates, Anthony Rey Llanos
Application Of Machine Learning Models: Stock Price Forecasting Of The Philippines' Top Six Conglomerates, Anthony Rey Llanos
Theses
The advent of digital age dramatically changed the way all aspects of commerce is conducted. From the largest multi-national conglomerates to the least small-and-medium enterprises and to the unassuming business-savvy individuals have adapted to take advantage of the benefits afforded by the resulting digital technology. Investing in, and profiting from, shares of stocks of companies listed in an organized stock exchange is one such instance. Gone are the days wherein stock investors and brokers are inseparable from their telephones to handle trades. Online platforms, powered by machine learning algorithms, have made investing in stocks not only accessible and convenient but …
Prototypes As Identity Markers: The Double-Edged Role Of Prototypes In Multidisciplinary Innovation Teams, Clio Dosi, Elisa Mattarelli, Matteo Vignoli
Prototypes As Identity Markers: The Double-Edged Role Of Prototypes In Multidisciplinary Innovation Teams, Clio Dosi, Elisa Mattarelli, Matteo Vignoli
Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity
Prototypes play a powerful role in facilitating the work of multidisciplinary innovation teams, but if not properly managed, they may inhibit innovation processes. This paper inquires into the tensions that exist around the use of prototypes in multidisciplinary teams. We studied the relationship between work identities (related to teams and subgroups within teams) and prototypes with a field study of a multidisciplinary team in an emergency department, in charge of redesigning the layout of the unit. Results show that different values of subgroup identities are reflected in the solutions devised by the team. These values become salient through the prototype; …
Impact Of Tier 2 Intervention Program On Student Achievement And Self-Efficacy, Barbara L. Georges
Impact Of Tier 2 Intervention Program On Student Achievement And Self-Efficacy, Barbara L. Georges
Dissertations
To address the challenges of drop-out rate and achievement gap, high schools have begun to implement intervention programs. Schools bear responsibility in addressing factors such as poor academic performance, lack of course credit, and low motivation to encourage post-secondary success. Intervention programs show promise in mitigating these factors despite variation due to lack of state or federal requirements. The most common frameworks used to address the skill gaps and deficiencies that prevent graduation are Response to Intervention (RtI) or Multi-Tiered Systems of Support (MTSS). The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of academic interventions on student achievement …
The Implementation Of A Two-Way Dual Language Program And The Impact On Teaching And Learning, Annetta Spychalski
The Implementation Of A Two-Way Dual Language Program And The Impact On Teaching And Learning, Annetta Spychalski
Dissertations
Dual language programs satisfy the requirement of mandated bilingual programs for English Language Learners in the state of Illinois. This qualitative program evaluation focused on a school district that entered into an adaptive change process with respect to creating a two-way dual language immersion program that would increase student language acquisition in English and Spanish as well as increase cultural competency and professional development for teachers. The program evaluation provided the opportunity to diagnose the system through an examination of the challenges and the quality of the current state of the district leading to the identification of the 4c’s; context, …
Changes In Performance And Bio-Mathematical Model Performance Predictions During 45 Days Of Sleep Restriction In A Simulated Space Mission, Erin E. Flynn-Evans, Crystal Kirkley, Millennia Young, Nicholas Bathurst, Kevin Gregory, Verena Vogelpohl, Albert End, Steven Hillenius, Yvonne Pecena, Jessica J. Marquez
Changes In Performance And Bio-Mathematical Model Performance Predictions During 45 Days Of Sleep Restriction In A Simulated Space Mission, Erin E. Flynn-Evans, Crystal Kirkley, Millennia Young, Nicholas Bathurst, Kevin Gregory, Verena Vogelpohl, Albert End, Steven Hillenius, Yvonne Pecena, Jessica J. Marquez
Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity
Lunar habitation and exploration of space beyond low-Earth orbit will require small crews to live in isolation and confinement while maintaining a high level of performance with limited support from mission control. Astronauts only achieve approximately 6 h of sleep per night, but few studies have linked sleep deficiency in space to performance impairment. We studied crewmembers over 45 days during a simulated space mission that included 5 h of sleep opportunity on weekdays and 8 h of sleep on weekends to characterize changes in performance on the psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) and subjective fatigue ratings. We further evaluated how …
Development Of A Statistical Model To Predict Materials’ Unit Prices For Future Maintenance And Rehabilitation In Highway Life Cycle Cost Analysis, Changmo Kim, Ghazan Khan, Brent Nguyen, Emily L. Hoang
Development Of A Statistical Model To Predict Materials’ Unit Prices For Future Maintenance And Rehabilitation In Highway Life Cycle Cost Analysis, Changmo Kim, Ghazan Khan, Brent Nguyen, Emily L. Hoang
Mineta Transportation Institute
The main objectives of this study are to investigate the trends in primary pavement materials’ unit price over time and to develop statistical models and guidelines for using predictive unit prices of pavement materials instead of uniform unit prices in life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) for future maintenance and rehabilitation (M&R) projects. Various socio-economic data were collected for the past 20 years (1997–2018) in California, including oil price, population, government expenditure in transportation, vehicle registration, and other key variables, in order to identify factors affecting pavement materials’ unit price. Additionally, the unit price records of the popular pavement materials were …
Synthesis, Characterization, And Kinetics Studies Of New Cobalt Complexes For The Production Of H2 In Acidic Media, Michael John Celestine
Synthesis, Characterization, And Kinetics Studies Of New Cobalt Complexes For The Production Of H2 In Acidic Media, Michael John Celestine
Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations
The kinetics and mechanism of the oxidation of [Co(dmgBF2)2(OH2)2] (where dmgBF2 = difluoroboryldimethylglyoximato) by sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), sodium bromate (NaBrO3), and bromine (Br2) was investigated by stopped-flow spectrophotometry at 450 nm over a wide temperature range. The pKa1 value for [Co(dmgBF2)2(OH2)2] was calculated as 5.27 ± 0.14 at I = 0.60 (NaCl). From the variation in pH studies, the activation parameters were derived from the proposed mechanisms for NaOCl, ΔH1*, ΔH2*, ΔS1*, and …
A Fast And Exact Motif Enumeration Algorithm For Dynamic Networks, Abbas Al-Thaedan
A Fast And Exact Motif Enumeration Algorithm For Dynamic Networks, Abbas Al-Thaedan
Theses and Dissertations
From social to biological networks, prior research in complex networks have demonstrated the importance of the frequency and distribution of different types of motifs to important network functions and properties. A network motif (or graphlet) is defined as a small connected sub-pattern which is over-represented in a network. Network motifs have been widely applied in a wide range of applications, namely biological, social, and technical networks. The counting of the network motif involves expensive enumeration of graph sub-patterns along with the detection of graph isomorphism. In general, network motif detection algorithms are computationally expensive and often designed to operate over …
Development Of Nirs Based Noninvasive Cerebrovascular Regulation Assessment, Stephanie Marie Miller
Development Of Nirs Based Noninvasive Cerebrovascular Regulation Assessment, Stephanie Marie Miller
Theses and Dissertations
Alterations to cerebral blood flow (CBF) have been implicated in diverse neurological conditions, including mild traumatic brain injury, microgravity induced intracranial pressure (ICP) and intraocular pressure (IOP) increases, and mild cognitive impairment. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-measured regional cerebral tissue oxygen saturation (rSO2) provides an estimate of oxygenation of the interrogated cerebral volume that is useful in identifying trends and changes in oxygen supply to cerebral tissue and has been used to monitor cerebrovascular function during surgery and ventilation. In this study, CO2-inhalation-based hypercapnic breathing challenges were used as a tool to simulate CBF dysregulation, and NIRS was used to monitor …
Efficient Edge Analytics: Addressing Cyber-Physical Masint With Machine Learning On Audio At The Edge, David Elliott
Efficient Edge Analytics: Addressing Cyber-Physical Masint With Machine Learning On Audio At The Edge, David Elliott
Theses and Dissertations
With the growth of the Internet of Things and the rise of Big Data, data processing and machine learning applications are being moved to cheap and low size, weight, and power (SWaP) devices at the edge, often in the form of mobile phones, embedded systems, or microcontrollers. The field of Cyber-Physical Measurements and Signature Intelligence (MASINT) makes use of these devices to analyze and exploit data in ways not otherwise possible, which results in increased data quality, increased security, and decreased bandwidth. However, methods to train and deploy models at the edge are limited, and models with sufficient accuracy are …
The Role Of Traditional Knowledge In Coastal Adaptation Priorities: The Pamunkey Indian Reservation, Nicole S. Hutton, Thomas R. Allen
The Role Of Traditional Knowledge In Coastal Adaptation Priorities: The Pamunkey Indian Reservation, Nicole S. Hutton, Thomas R. Allen
Political Science & Geography Faculty Publications
Coastal reservations are increasingly vulnerable to hazards exacerbated by climate change. Resources for restoration projects are limited. Storm surge, storms, tidal flooding, and erosion endanger artifacts and limit livelihoods of tribes in coastal Virginia. GIS offers a platform to increase communication between scientists, planners, and indigenous groups. The Pamunkey Indian Tribe engaged in a participatory mapping exercise to assess the role of traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) in coastal management decision-making and its capacity to address flooding. Priorities and strategies were spatially referenced using maps of potential sea level rise for 2040, 2060, and 2080, input into a resilience matrix to …
Survival Analysis: An Exact Method For Rare Events, Kristina Reutzel
Survival Analysis: An Exact Method For Rare Events, Kristina Reutzel
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
Conventional asymptotic methods for survival analysis work well when sample sizes are at least moderately sufficient. When dealing with small sample sizes or rare events, the results from these methods have the potential to be inaccurate or misleading. To handle such data, an exact method is proposed and compared against two other methods: 1) the Cox proportional hazards model and 2) stratified logistic regression for discrete survival analysis data.
Hazard Analysis Of A Segment Of Highway Sr-12 Through Bryce Canyon National Park, Southern Utah, Tomsen Reed
Hazard Analysis Of A Segment Of Highway Sr-12 Through Bryce Canyon National Park, Southern Utah, Tomsen Reed
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
Over 2.6 million people travel along highway SR-12, a National Scenic Byway, through Bryce Canyon in southern Utah each year. This highway is a major thoroughfare for tourists traveling to Bryce Canyon National Park, Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument, and other scenic attractions. SR-12 is susceptible to rockfall and landslide hazards where it descends from the Paunsaugunt Plateau into Tropic Canyon, and these hazards have potential consequences of economic loss due to travel delays for tourists and commodities, and possible loss of life. Rockfall could have devastating effects at this location because of the traffic volume, sharp turns, low visibility, and …
Teacher Retention In A Rural East Texas School District, Gary J. Miller
Teacher Retention In A Rural East Texas School District, Gary J. Miller
Education Faculty Publications and Presentations
This qualitative study investigated what factors kept teachers committed to teaching in one rural east Texas school district despite the perceived educational inequalities of rural districts compared to suburban and urban districts. When it comes to teacher retention, rural school leaders cite school environment and community lifestyle compatibility as the primary reasons for staying. Despite the considerable number of rural school districts throughout the United States, research continues to largely ignore the unique relationships found in rural locales. Rural school districts offer many advantages over their suburban and urban counterparts; it is a matter of identifying what is important to …
Refinements Of The Concept Of Privacy In Distributed Computing, Entisar Seedi Alshammry
Refinements Of The Concept Of Privacy In Distributed Computing, Entisar Seedi Alshammry
Theses and Dissertations
In light of the tremendous development of technology in the modern world in which we live, privacy concerns are increasing, especially after the massive spread of distributed computing systems and the technologies that depend on it, whether in personal devices or public services. Hence, this research proposes refinements on the concept of privacy for enhancing the development of privacy-related strategies in distributed computing systems to address the elements of privacy. In particular, the study introduces the new concept of Privacy Appetite to describe and model the nature of the relationship between the intended disclosure of private information and gained value …
A Machine Learning Approach To Forecasting Sep Events With Solar Activities, Jesse Scott Torres
A Machine Learning Approach To Forecasting Sep Events With Solar Activities, Jesse Scott Torres
Theses and Dissertations
Solar energetic particles (SEPs) are fast-moving events which can cause severe damage to astronauts and their equipment, and can disrupt communications on Earth. There are no clear patterns in solar activities which indicate whether an SEP is about to occur, making physics-based methods inaccurate for SEP forecasting. Therefore, in order to provide an advance warning so that astronauts are able to get to safety, we apply neural networks to the problems of forecasting SEP occurrence and intensity. Our algorithm for predicting SEP occurrence uses a combination of observed CME properties and derived features and achieves a TSS of 0.846 and …
Real-Time Action Classification Using Intermediate Skeletal Pose Estimation, Kleanthis Zisis Tegos
Real-Time Action Classification Using Intermediate Skeletal Pose Estimation, Kleanthis Zisis Tegos
Theses and Dissertations
The topic of Human Action Classification has attracted significant interest these past years, which can be attributed to the advancements in deep learning methodologies. Its applications range from robotics to surveillance and automated video categorization, as well as in the healthcare industry. The literature, however, has primarily focused on offline action classification, without significant attention being given to the constraints of an online real-time classifier. Using an intermediate skeletal representation of humans, while convoluted, provides a scalable means of tackling the action classification problem. This project discusses the existing literature, and adapts two of the state-of-the-art approaches for real-time analysis. …
Framework For Reasoning With Speech Processing, Ahmed Laarfi
Framework For Reasoning With Speech Processing, Ahmed Laarfi
Theses and Dissertations
It is known that programming languages are textual. We try here to take the advantages of Speech Recognition (SR) and employ them in creating a verbal Language, which takes its instruction from the voice. Because this work is a novel approach in the programming world, we could not find any resources. This dissertation aims to make essential developments in Speech Recognition (SR)and Artificial Intelligence by constructing a new compiler that receives commands verbally and executes them. That means entering data into the Computer by voice commands. This method of input means that we link several major computer topics with several …
Modern Standard Arabic Speech Recognition: Using Formants Measurements To Extract Vowels From Arabic Words’ Consonant-Vowel-Consonant-Vowel Structure, Mohamed Ali Alshaari
Modern Standard Arabic Speech Recognition: Using Formants Measurements To Extract Vowels From Arabic Words’ Consonant-Vowel-Consonant-Vowel Structure, Mohamed Ali Alshaari
Theses and Dissertations
Arabic texts suffer from missing diacritics (short vowels) which become obstacles for new learners. Speech Recognition is the translation of words spoken to text through intelligent computer programs. As of today, it has been integrated into many computer systems. Arabic Speech Recognition has made progress over the years, but it is still not as good as English speech recognition due to the problem of short vowels not being recognized. This is mainly because the Arabic language is unlike the English language in the nature because it is a Semitic language. This is reflected in different characteristics such as grammar, morphology, …
Optimization Framework For Reconstructing Biomedical Images By Efficient Sample-Based Parameterization, Paul Richard Arbic Ii
Optimization Framework For Reconstructing Biomedical Images By Efficient Sample-Based Parameterization, Paul Richard Arbic Ii
Theses and Dissertations
An efficient computational approach for optimal reconstruction of binary-type images suitable for models in various biomedical applications is developed and validated. The methodology includes derivative-free optimization supported by a set of sample solutions with customized geometry generated synthetically. The entire framework has an easy to follow design due to a nominal number of tuning parameters which makes the approach simple for practical implementation in various settings, adjusting it to new models, and enhancing the performance. High efficiency in computational time is achieved through applying the coordinate descent method to work with individual controls in the predefined custom order. This technique …
Assessing The Recalibration Interval For Nearshore Sediment Assemblages After Hurricane Irma: Implications For Developing Long-Term Records Of Overwash Deposits, Stephen Mitchell
Assessing The Recalibration Interval For Nearshore Sediment Assemblages After Hurricane Irma: Implications For Developing Long-Term Records Of Overwash Deposits, Stephen Mitchell
Master's Theses
Surface distributions are commonly collected to assist with overwash interpretation; however, many of these are first established immediately after a major overwash event as part of a post-event field survey. This study documents the impacts of Hurricane Irma, a Category 5 storm, on nearshore sediments off the coast of Anegada (British Virgin Islands) using distributions of Homotrema rubra, an encrusting foraminifer with a defined provenance in coral reef ecosystems. Over four sampling intervals spanning 2 years, from six months pre-Hurricane Irma to 18 months post-Hurricane Irma, surface sediment was collected from three shore-perpendicular transects on both the northern and …
Sediment Provenance Of Tsunami Deposits: Implications For Assessing The Relative Intensity Of Paleotsunamis From The Sendai Coastline Of Japan, Tiffany Otai
Master's Theses
The 2011 Tohoku tsunami impacted the northeastern coast of Japan and caused unexpected damages due to the underestimation of this type of hazard. Of particular importance is the fact that geologic evidence for a predecessor event, the Jogan tsunami (CE 869), could have forecasted the severity of the 2011 Tohoku event. While the timing of tsunamis is important for effective hazard mitigation, outside of the 2011 Tohoku event, the intensity of past tsunamis remains unclear. To understand paleotsunami intensity, it is important to document characteristics of modern analogues like the 2011 event. This study utilizes surface distributions of foraminifera from …
Changes In R 3.6–4.0, Tomas Kalibera, Sebastian Meyer, Kurt Hornik
Changes In R 3.6–4.0, Tomas Kalibera, Sebastian Meyer, Kurt Hornik
The R Journal
We give a selection of the most important changes in R 4.0.0 and in the R 3.6 release series. Some statistics on source code commits and bug tracking activities are also provided.
Openland: Software For Quantitative Analysis And Visualization Of Land Use And Cover Change, Reginal Exavier, Peter Zeilhofer
Openland: Software For Quantitative Analysis And Visualization Of Land Use And Cover Change, Reginal Exavier, Peter Zeilhofer
The R Journal
There is an increasing availability of spatially explicit, freely available land use and cover (LUC) time series worldwide. Because of the enormous amount of data this represents, the continuous updates and improvements in spatial and temporal resolution and category differentiation, as well as increasingly dynamic and complex changes made, manual data extraction and analysis is highly time consuming, and making software tools available to automatize LUC data assessment is becoming imperative. This paper presents a software developed in R, which combines LUC raster time series data and their transitions, calculates state-of-the-art LUC change indicators, and creates spatio-temporal visualizations, all in …
Analyzing Basket Trials Under Multisource Exchangeability Assumptions, Michael J. Kane, Nan Chen, Alexander M. Kaizer, Xun Jiang, H Amy Xia, Brian P. Hobbs
Analyzing Basket Trials Under Multisource Exchangeability Assumptions, Michael J. Kane, Nan Chen, Alexander M. Kaizer, Xun Jiang, H Amy Xia, Brian P. Hobbs
The R Journal
Basket designs are prospective clinical trials that are devised with the hypothesis that the presence of selected molecular features determine a patient’s subsequent response to a particular “targeted” treatment strategy. Basket trials are designed to enroll multiple clinical subpopulations to which it is assumed that the therapy in question offers beneficial efficacy in the presence of the targeted molecular profile. The treatment, however, may not offer acceptable efficacy to all subpopulations enrolled. Moreover, for rare disease settings, such as oncology wherein these trials have become popular, marginal measures of statistical evidence are difficult to interpret for sparsely enrolled subpopulations. Consequently, …
Motbfs: An R Package For Learning Hybrid Bayesian Networks Using Mixtures Of Truncated Basis Functions, Inmaculada Pérez-Bernabé, Ana D. Maldonado, Antonio Salmerón, Thomas D. Nielsen
Motbfs: An R Package For Learning Hybrid Bayesian Networks Using Mixtures Of Truncated Basis Functions, Inmaculada Pérez-Bernabé, Ana D. Maldonado, Antonio Salmerón, Thomas D. Nielsen
The R Journal
This paper introduces MoTBFs, an R package for manipulating mixtures of truncated basis functions. This class of functions allows the representation of joint probability distributions involving discrete and continuous variables simultaneously, and includes mixtures of truncated exponentials and mixtures of polynomials as special cases. The package implements functions for learning the parameters of univariate, multivariate, and conditional distributions, and provides support for parameter learning in Bayesian networks with both discrete and continuous variables. Probabilistic inference using forward sampling is also implemented. Part of the functionality of the MoTBFs package relies on the bnlearn package, which includes functions for learning the …