Digital Commons Network^™

Co-Factors In Fgf Signaling, Christopher Yanucil

All ETDs from UAB

The fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family consists of a group of proteins whose diverse biological functions are mediated by receptor tyrosine kinases, termed FGF receptors (FGFR) 1-4. While paracrine FGFs require heparin sulfate as a co-factor for FGFR bind-ing and signaling, it has been assumed that endocrine FGFs, such as FGF23, do not bind heparin but instead require klotho, a family of transmembrane proteins, as a co-receptor on specific target cells. FGF23 acts as bone-derived hormone that targets tubular epitheli-al cells in the kidney via FGFR1 and α-klotho to reduce renal phosphate uptake. In chron-ic kidney disease (CKD), the kidney …

Epigenetic Regulation In Cancer And Development, Theodore Busby

All ETDs from UAB

Feedback loops between cellular cues and changes in gene expression mediate the interactions between a multitude of regulatory events that promote development and cancer. Vesicular trafficking is an important process in carrying out signaling events by transporting receptors and ligands to and from the cell surface. GBF1 and BIG1 are large guanine-exchange factors (GEFs) that activate GTPase mediated shuttling of cargo through the Golgi apparatus. This dissertation demonstrates that GBF1 localizes to the cytoplasmic membrane in glioblastoma multiform cells to maintain cell shape and promote migration. Reports have shown that BIG1translocates to the nucleus is hepatocyte carcinoma cell lines in …

Denervation Supersensitivity Of Βeta-Adrenergic Receptors In A Prodromal Model Of Alzheimer's Disease, The Tgf344-Ad Rat, Anthoni Goodman

All ETDs from UAB

The central noradrenergic (NA) system is critical for maintenance of attention, behavioral flexibility, spatial navigation, and learning and memory, those cognitive functions lost first in early Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In fact, the locus coeruleus (LC), the major source of norepinephrine (NE) in brain, is the first site of pathological tau accumulation in human AD associated with axon loss throughout forebrain, including hippocampus. The dentate gyrus (DG) is heavily innervated by LC-NA axons, where released norepinephrine (NE) acts on β adrenergic receptors (ARs) at excitatory synapses from entorhinal cortex (EC) to facilitate long-term synaptic plasticity and memory formation. These synapses show …

A Preliminary Analysis On The Effects Of Acute Beetroot Juice Intake On Glycemic And Blood Pressure Control In Type 2 Diabetes, Braxton Linder

All ETDs from UAB

Cardiometabolic diseases are becoming increasingly prevalent in modern society due to low activity lifestyles and poor nutrition. Inorganic dietary nitrate (diNO3) has shown to potentially improve cardiometabolic health in a number of different populations but remains to be corroborated in humans with type 2 diabetes (T2D). This preliminary analysis aimed to determine the effects of consuming an acute, concentrated dose of diNO3 containing beetroot juice (BRJ) on hemodynamic and glycemic responses in humans with T2D while controlling for pharmacological influences. Three participants with a clinical diagnosis of T2D were recruited into this study. Pulsewave Velocity (PWV) was used to assess …

Protective Host Responses During Acute And Chronic Lung Exposure To Aspergillus Fumigatus, Joseph Mackel

All ETDs from UAB

Aspergillus fumigatus is an environmental airborne fungus that acts as both an opportunistic pathogen and an allergen. In immunocompromised hosts, A. fumigatus can germinate in the lung, cause tissue damage and pneumonia, and disseminate to other organs, causing a disease termed invasive aspergillosis (IA). In severe asthma, sensitization to fungi such as A. fumigatus is associated with more severe disease. Determination of host and fungal factors that drive immunoprotection versus immunopathogenesis in both of these settings will ultimately enable therapeutic modulation of immune responses to improve disease outcomes. In this body of work, we build on recent findings that implicate …

The Role Of The Β-Catenin Signaling Pathway In Modulating The Nucleolar Proteome Of Triple Negative Breast Cancer, Shannon E. Meier

All ETDs from UAB

Previously, abnormal nucleoli were noted as indicators of cancerous lesions andused as a pathologic readout of neoplasia. Nucleolar hypertrophy and increased nucleolar number have been correlated with increased breast cancer (BC) mortality rates. Although various functions of the nucleolus have been investigated, it remains widely understudied in the context of cancer. The nucleolus was initially thought to be solely the site of ribosome biogenesis. However, over half of the proteins found in the nucleolus are associated with other biological functions. It is evident that the nucleolus plays major roles in stress response, DNA repair, and critical cellular aspects that influence …

Advancing Single Cell And Crispr/Dcas9 Technologies For The Study Of Reward Learning And Addiction, Corey Grant Duke

All ETDs from UAB

Drug addiction is a chronic relapsing condition inflicting tremendous harm to individuals and society with ineffective treatment options available to most people. Drugs of abuse elevate dopamine levels in a brain region known as the nucleus accumbens (NAc), and activate gene programs considered essential for producing lasting synaptic and cell state changes which underlie the generation of addictive behavior. These gene expression changes remain poorly understood due to a complex heterogenous cellular architecture, and the rapidly fluctuating nature of the transcriptional processes themselves which make investigation difficult. Recent technical advances increase access to both profiling and manipulating these transcriptional changes …

Resilience, Resistance And Revival In 20th-Century Yoruba Art, Charles Mason, Andie Near

Kruizenga Art Museum Exhibition Catalogs

Kruizenga Art Museum, Hope College Catalog for exhibition: “Resilience, Resistance and Revival in 20th-Century Yoruba Art”. Exhibition dates: January 17—May 16, 2020. Charles Mason, author; Andie Near, photographer, designer; Lisa Barney, editor; Cecilia O’Brien ‘21, typographer.

Kruizenga Art Museum Online Collection - Exhibition Gallery

Therapeutic Interventions That Increase Engagement For Students With Autism, Rachel B. Berndt

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Students with autism require unique programming to increase engagement in the classroom setting. This literature review is a collection of research-based studies involving animal assisted interventions, music therapy, art therapy, speech-language therapy, occupational therapy, and cognitive behavioral therapy. The results of these studies suggest that when provided the therapeutic interventions listed above, students with autism increase engagement in the classroom due to the expansion of language and social communication skills and the decrease of maladaptive behaviors. Given purposeful and collaborative therapeutic interventions, students learn how to problem solve, collaborate, and communicate with adults and peers. Sensory processing challenges are addressed …

Community Teaching Experience: A Description Of The Development And Design Of A Unique Teaching Experience For Occupational Therapy Doctoral Students, Laura E. Landon, Christine Berg, Sara S. Ulfers

Journal of Occupational Therapy Education

Entry-level occupational therapy doctorate (OTD) students receive education and training to interpret and disseminate evidenced-based literature. However, these students are often missing the clinical experience to identify clinically relevant questions that impact occupational outcomes. Conversely, occupational therapy practitioners have the clinical experience to determine clinically appropriate questions but often encounter time, budget, and setting constraints on researching and learning up-to-date evidence-based practice assessment and intervention techniques. The purpose of this paper is to describe the development and design of an exploratory educational project in which OTD students utilized clinically relevant questions identified by local occupational therapy practitioners to disseminate evidence-based …

Creating And Sharing Digital Instructional Activities: A Practical Tutorial, Stephanie L. Mattson, Thomas S. Higbee, Juliana Aguilar, Beverly Nichols, Vincent E. Campbell, Lyndsay D. Nix, Kassidy S. Reinert, Sara Peck, Kylee Lewis

Special Education and Rehabilitation Counseling Faculty Publications

BCBAs may encounter situations, such as the current COVID-19 pandemic, that preclude them from providing traditional in-person ABA services to clients. When conditions prevent BCBAs and behavior technicians from working directly with clients, digital instructional activities designed by BCBAs and delivered via a computer or tablet may be a viable substitute. Google applications, including Google Slides, Google Forms, and Google Classroom, can be particularly useful for creating and sharing digital instructional activities. In the current paper, we provide task analyses for utilizing basic Google Slides functions, developing independent instructional activities, developing caregiver-supported instructional activities, and sharing activities with clients and …

Animal Science E-Newsletter, January 2020, University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Department Of Animal Sciences

Animal Science e-Newsletter

No abstract provided.

The Book Of Ezekiel And The Speculative Design, Ian Gonsher

Scholarly Research

In this essay, the origins of speculative literature are situated within the prophetic tradition of Jewish mysticism, particularly in the Book of Ezekiel. The Book of Ezekiel is also a text about design. We investigate how these ancient sources align with contemporary design discourses, particularly Speculative Design, and propose new strategies for the readings of historical progress.

Sequoya Review, University Of Tennessee At Chattanooga

Sequoya Review

No abstract provided.

Deconstruction Of The Construction: Derridean Study Of Selected Shakespeare’S Comedies, Seyyedeh Zahra Nozen, Pegah Sheikhalipour

Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Since it was first introduced by Jacques Derrida in the late 1960s, deconstruction, as a method of reading, has been applied to literary texts by critics to reveal the hidden messages of texts and provide opportunities to rethink textual and cultural norms and conventions. While the western tradition has always prioritized tragedy over comedy due to its elegance and graveness, this research tends to focus on comedy as an entity in itself. Tragedy, especially in the Shakespearean sense of the word, has been considered by critics as a “construction” which is well-wrought and perfect in nature. Comedy, on the other …

Texas Landfills: The Need For Administrative Reform Of The Texas Commission On Environmental Quality’S Permitting Process, William Todd Keller Jr.

St. Mary's Law Journal

Abstract forthcoming

Ethical Considerations For Prosecutors: How Recent Advancements Have Changed The Face Of Prosecution, Joshua L. Sandoval

St. Mary's Journal on Legal Malpractice & Ethics

The prosecutor acts as a minister of justice with sweeping discretion to charge an individual with a crime, plea a case in a manner supported by the strength of the evidence, proceed to trial on a case, and even dismiss a case. He must balance the interest of the victim, the community, and the constitutional rights of the accused in every decision he makes.

This article will explore the role of the American prosecutor and discuss various ethical issues encountered on a daily basis. After a brief introduction, the author will succinctly discuss the history of the prosecutor and will …

Behavioral Response Of Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne Incognita, To Tomato, Solanum Lycopersicon, Root Exudates, Hillary Kipchirchir Kirwa

All Master’s Theses

Root-Knot Nematodes (RKNs) are major economically important group of plant parasitic nematodes distributed worldwide. RKNs cause over $100 billion yield losses annually on major crops. The damage caused to crops is due to plant root invasion by motile second stage juveniles (J2s). The J2s induce redifferentiation of the plant root cells into specialized feeding cells essential for nematode development. The hyperplasia and hypertrophy of cells surrounding the feeding cells lead to formation of typical root galls affecting transport of photosynthates from source to sink, and uptake of water and nutrients. Upon hatching from the eggs in the soil, J2s must …

Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of The African Catfish (Clarias Gariepinus) Reared On Diets Containing Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia Illucens) Larvae Meal, Anderson Maina Njoroge

All Master’s Theses

Fish feed protein ingredients are the most expensive and often unavailable in subSaharan Africa especially in commercial aquaculture systems. The major fish feed protein ingredient in fish farming in Kenya is fishmeal (FM) that is often times expensive and adulterated leading to low productivity of fish farming. This problem has necessitated a need for exploring alternative less expensive and easily available protein sources such as black soldier fly larvae (BSFL). This study aimed at evaluating the growth rate, feed utilization, survivability and carcass characteristics of the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) reared on diets containing BSFL meal as a replacement for …

Varroa-Specific Hygienic Behaviour And Population Abundance Of Varroa Destructor In Colonies Of Apis Mellifera Scutellate In Karura Forest, Kenya, Sammy Kiprotich Cheruiyot

All Master’s Theses

The ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor is one of the parasiteglobally reported affecting honeybee healthand causing high colony losses.Of notable importance is the associationof the mite with viruses and their transmission to honeybees which causesgreatharm to bees. Kenyan beekeepers have reportedthat bee populationshave been ondecline in recent years and therefore the need for research to establish whether Varroa destructoris negativelyaffectinghoneybee survival and development.The objectives of thisstudy were to evaluate Varroa-specific hygienic behaviourof Apis mellifera scutellata,assess population abundanceof V. destructorand determine the effects of V. destructoron local honeybeeA.m.scutellata.The study was conducted at International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe)research apiaries located …

Deadly Drones? Why Faa Regulations Miss The Mark On Drone Safety, Steve Calandrillo, Jason Oh, Ari Webb

Articles

A rapidly growing commercial drone industry has prompted the introduction of numerous regulations governing American airspace. Congress has tasked the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) with “developing plans for the use of the navigable airspace to ensure the safety of aircraft and the efficient use” of American skies. While well-intended, the FAA has departed from Congressional will by imposing an excessive regulatory regime that threatens to stifle drone technology and innovation. In fact, many FAA regulations fail to address the very problem they seek to fix, namely the safety of our airspace. The unfortunate result is that myriad scientific and pragmatic …

The Trial Of Jesus, Jonathan K. Van Patten

South Dakota Law Review

No abstract provided.

Justice In A Brave New World?, Jean R. Sternlight

Connecticut Law Review

No abstract provided.

Lamb Wool Shedding Is A Good Predictor Of Ewe Wool Shedding, Napoleón Vargas Jurado, Larry Kuehn, Ronald M. Lewis

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Interest in reducing labour costs due to shearing has led to development of breed types that shed their wool naturally. Selection at young ages can facilitate response. Reliability of predictions of adult from lamb wool shedding (WS) is thus key in the design of breeding programmes to increase shedding. Our objectives were to estimate heritabilities and genetic relationships between WS measured once in lambs and repeatedly in ewes and to assess the accuracy of lamb WS EBV to predict ewe WS EBV based on a multi‐trait threshold or a repeatability model. Data were 4,971 lamb and 3,335 ewe WS records …

Effect Of Ammoniation And Harvest Method On Waste And Consumption Of Corn Residue Bales Fed To Cows In A Round Bale Feeder, Ashley C. Conway, Zachary E. Carlson, Fred H. Hilscher Jr, J. C. Macdonald, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Mary E. Drewnoski

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

To determine the effects of harvest method and ammoniation (3.7% of dry matter) on consumption and waste of baled corn residue, a 6 × 6 Latin square with a 3 × 2 factorial treatment structure was conducted. Six treatments consisted of either nonammoniated or ammoniated residue, harvested one of three ways: conventional rake and bale (CONV), New Holland Cornrower with two rows of stem chopped into the windrow with tailings (2ROW), or EZBale system (EZB) with a disengaged combine spreader and tailings dropped in a windrow. Open cows were grouped by body weight to produce a light block of two …

The Effects Of 2 Genetic Lines On Spatial Distribution And Use And Preference Of Perch And Nest Area In An Aviary System, Sheila E. Scheideler, Pamela E. Eusebio Balcazar, K. Hanford

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The objective of this trial was to evaluate spatial distribution, nest and perch usage, and preference of Lohmann Brown (BH) and Bovan White (WH) Leghorn hens raised in an aviary system. At 5 wk, 400 floor raised pullets, BH and WH strains, in equal numbers, were placed into 8 modified Big Dutchman Natura aviary units. Each aviary unit had 3 tiers with perches and an indoor litter area. At 25 wk, the number of birds was recorded by scan sampling every 4 h. The number of birds perching in each aviary unit was recorded every 4 h at 15, 25, …

Beef Cows With Atypical Estrous Cyclicity At Puberty Produced Calves With Deficits In Preweaning Muscling, Metabolic Indicators, And Myoblast Function But Not In Feedlot Performance, Rebecca M. Swanson, Rachel L. Gibbs, Caitlin Cadaret, Galen E. Erickson, Ty B. Schmidt, Andrea Cupp, Dustin T. Yates

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

In cattle, age at puberty and number of estrous cycles prior to first breeding contribute to lifetime reproductive success (Perry et al., 1991). In our university beef herd, we have identified a subset of cows that exhibited irregular pubertal cyclicity patterns between weaning and their first breeding season, which we postulate is associated with high androstenedione in follicular fluid (Cupp et al., 2019). Cows with high androstenedione are subfertile but wean calves that average 17 kg heavier than the herd average (Summers et al., 2014). We hypothesized that this additional weight at weaning in their offspring is due to superior …

Deficits In Growth, Muscle Mass, And Body Composition Following Placental Insufficiency-Induced Intrauterine Growth Restriction Persisted In Lambs At 60 D Of Age But Were Improved By Daily Clenbuterol Supplementation, Rachel L. Gibbs, Rebecca M. Swanson, Joslyn K. Beard, Ty B. Schmidt, Jessica Lynn Petersen, Dustin T. Yates

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Low birthweight in livestock results from stress-induced intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR; Yates et al., 2018). IUGR fetuses exhibit diminished muscle growth that persists in the neonatal stage, leading to asymmetric body composition and decreased weight gain (Cadaret et al., 2019). Ultimately, low birthweight diminishes yield and carcass merit at harvest (Greenwood et al., 2000), making effective postnatal treatment strategies to improve IUGR growth outcomes necessary. In this study, we examined the benefits of injecting the β2 agonist clenbuterol daily to target adrenergic adaptations that we previously observed in IUGR muscle (Posont et al., 2018; Yates et al., 2018). We hypothesized …

Beta-Adrenergic Agonists Increase Maximal Output Of Oxidative Phosphorylation In Bovine Satellite Cells, Renae L. Sieck, Leah K. Treffer, Martonio Ponte Viana, Oleh Khalimonchuk, Ty B. Schmidt, Dustin T. Yates, Jessica L. Petersen

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Beta-adrenergic agonists (βAA), Ractopamine HCl (RH) and Zilpaterol HCl (ZH), are FDAapproved supplements utilized in pigs and cattle to improve growth performance, carcass weight, and longissimus muscle area (Arp et al., 2014; Lean et al., 2014). Previous studies within our group have focused on understanding molecular changes in skeletal muscle due to βAA supplementation. This work has shown that βAA supplementation increases glucose oxidation in muscle from thermoneutral and heat-stressed lambs (Barnes et al., 2019) and in rat skeletal muscle stimulated with ZH (Cadaret et al., 2017). Skeletal muscle transcriptomics of lambs supplemented ZH revealed upregulation of genes associated with …

Heat Stress And Β-Adrenergic Agonists Alter The Adipose Transcriptome And Fatty Acid Mobilization In Ruminant Livestock, Rachel R. Reith, Renae L. Sieck, Pablo C. Grijalva, Erin M. Duffy, Rebecca M. Swanson, Anna M. Fuller, Kristin A. Beede, Joslyn K. Beard, Duarte E. Diaz, Ty B. Schmidt, Dustin T. Yates, Jessica L. Petersen

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Growth and feed efficiency of cattle are improved by supplementation with the beta-adrenergic agonists (βAA), ractopamine hydrochloride (RH; β₁AA) or zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH; β₂AA) (Elam et al., 2009). βAA supplementation alters adipose deposition by inhibiting fatty acid biosynthesis and promoting lipolysis of stored triacylglycerols into free fatty acids (FFAs) (Johnson et al., 2014). However, β₂ adrenoceptors (βAR) desensitize with chronic activation (Re et al., 1997); supplementation is thus limited to the last 20 to 40 d of feeding.

The annual economic impact of heat stress (HS) has been estimated to exceed $2.4 billion (St-Pierre et …