Digital Commons Network^™

Barriers To Inclusive Deliberation And Democratic Governance Of Genetic Technologies At The Science-Policy Interface, Cynthia Taylor, Bryan Dewsbury

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Advances in 21st century genetic technologies offer new directions for addressing public health and environmental challenges, yet raise important social and ethical questions. Though the need for inclusive deliberation is widely recognized, institutionalized risk definitions, regulation standards, and imaginations of publics pose obstacles to democratic participation and engagement. This paper traces how the problematic precedents set by the 1975 Asilomar Conference emerge in contemporary discussions on CRISPR, and draws from a recent controversy surrounding field trial releases of genetically modified mosquitoes to explicate the ways in which these precedents undermine efforts to engage publics in decisions at the science-policy interface.

Practical Pearl: Lyme Disease - June 2019, Donna Fisher Md

Pediatrics Practical Pearls: Referral Guidelines for Common Problems

No abstract provided.

Toxicity Of Kadsura Coccinea (Lem.) A. C. Sm. Essential Oil To The Bed Bug, Cimex Lectularius L. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae), Junaid U. Rehman, Mei Wang, Yupei Yang, Yongbei Liu, Bin Li, Yan Qin, Wei Wang, Amar G. Chittiboyina, Ikhlas A. Khan

Faculty and Student Publications

Copyright © 2019 American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. We sought to define trends in and predictors of carbapenem consumption across community, teaching, and university-affiliated hospitals in the United States and Canada. We conducted a retrospective multicenter survey of carbapenem and broad-spectrum noncarbapenem beta-lactam consumption between January 2011 and December 2013. Consumption was tabulated as defined daily doses (DDD) or as days of therapy (DOT) per 1,000 patient days (PD). Multivariate mixed-effects models were explored, and final model goodness of fit was assessed by regressions of observed versus predicted values and residual distributions. A total of 20 acute-care hospitals …

Particle Dynamics Model For Hurricane Evacuation And Fuel Shortage: Model Based Policy Analysis, Sirish Namilae, Dahai Liu

Center for Advanced Transportation Mobility

News reports indicate that evacuation orders were issued to about seven million people from Florida, Georgia and South Carolina for Hurricane Irma. There is evidence for over 430,000 cars evacuating out of New Orleans highways during Hurricane Katrina in 2004. Mass evacuations lead to traffic jams because of high volume, increased road incidents, and due to fuel shortages. Fuel shortages have been witnessed during many recent hurricanes including Katrina, Rita, Harvey and Irma. A microscale model of the evacuation process incorporating individual cars and gas stations can be useful in evaluating the effect of gas shortages and traffic incidents in …

The Effect Of Intracellular Zinc Levels In Escherichia Coli On Metallo-Β-Lactamase Activity, Jill Thompson

Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Theses and Dissertations

Antibiotic resistance is a consequence of evolution via natural selection and poses a serious threat to the world's population. Escherichia coli, and other bacterial species, have acquired genes encoding Metallo-β-Lactamases (MBLs). MBLs are zinc-dependent enzymes that degrade most β-lactam antibiotics, and have emerged as important antibacterial resistance determinants in multidrug resistant pathogens. There are several different families of MBLs, and the major clinically relevant ones are Verona Integrated-encoded Metallo-β-Lactamases (VIMs), Imipenemases (IMPs), and New Delhi Metallo-β-Lactamases (NDMs). These enzymes confer high level resistance to penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems, and are not inhibited by FDA-approved β-lactamase inhibitors. Variants of NDM have …

Prevention And Mitigation Of Congenital Toxoplasmosis: Economic Costs And Benefits In Diverse Settings, Branko Bobić, Isabelle Villena, Eileen Stillwaggon

Economics Faculty Publications

Congenital toxoplasmosis (CT), the result of a primary infection of pregnant women with Toxoplasma gondii which was transmitted to the fetus, may result in mild to deep injuries occurring in the newborn or later in its development or in adolescence. The visual and cognitive impairment that can result imposes substantial economic costs on the individual and society. Numerous observational studies favor the conclusion that, with preventive measures currently available, it is possible to reduce the incidence of infections in pregnant women, the incidence of fetal infection by preventing transplacental transmission, and the gravity of injury in infected newborns. Treatment of …

Radiology Posters - 2019, Hamed Jalaeian, Bertrand Janne D'Othee Md, Pouya Aghajafari Md, Daniel Hynes Md, Amy Oliveira Md, Seth Andrews Do, Christina Duffin Md, Daniel Kowal Md

Research and Education Posters

Radiology Posters - 2019

Essays In The Application Of Machine Learning In Development Economics, Dweepobotee Brahma

Dissertations

This dissertation comprises four essays which apply Machine Learning (ML) techniques to examine India’s progress towards meeting several child-health targets under United Nation’s “Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 2030”. The application of novel ML techniques unmasks certain detailed empirical aspects of the road to meeting specific indicators of SDG - child mortality, malnutrition, immunization coverage and health-expenses.

The first essay employs multiple parametric and non-parametric Machine Learning (ML) techniques (LASSO, Classification Random Forest, Boosted Logistic Regression, Boosted Classification Trees) to build predictive models for the incidences of neonatal and infant mortality. A large national level household survey dataset is used. All …

An Infection Control Journey In Hospital Based Practice Conversion, Cathleen Strzalka, Mph, Cph, Cic, Kelly Zabriskie, Cic

Division of Infectious Diseases and Environmental Medicine Posters

Objective

• Effectively bring physician based practices (PBPs) under hospital licensure
• Ensure safe delivery of care
• Produce successful regulatory surveys

Physician Based Practices And Instrument Sterilization - How Do You Do It?, Kelly Zabriskie, Cic, Cathleen Strzalka, Mph, Cph, Cic

Division of Infectious Diseases and Environmental Medicine Posters

Objective

To develop a process that allows the PBP to operate efficiently and effectively but still be compliant with proper instrument reprocessing rules and regulations.

Hand Hygiene Observations… Not So Secret Anymore, Mary Ehly, Bsn, Rn, Cic, Courtney Mitchell, Mph, Cic, Charlotte Sacksteder, Ba, Kelly Zabriskie, Bs, Cic

Division of Infectious Diseases and Environmental Medicine Posters

Objective

To create a hand hygiene surveillance program to reduce bias, be more reliable, yield a greater number of observations, and provide real time feedback

Knowledge, Attitudes, And Perceptions Of Nurse Practitioners About Antibiotic Stewardship, Robert M. Hamilton

Theses and Dissertations

Background: Antibiotic stewardship (ABS) is a set of strategies to optimize the use of antibiotics with the goal of reducing antibiotic resistance, improving patient outcomes and decreasing unnecessary costs. ABS affects all venues of patient care, including outpatient, inpatient, and long-term care. While many strategies for ABS exist and best practice continues to evolve, successful ABS programs utilize a multidisciplinary approach. Nurse practitioners (NPs) play an essential role in health care education and represent a valuable potential resource for ABS efforts. The purpose of this study is to describe the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of NPs towards ABS.Methods: A convenience …

Dividing Bail Reform, Shima Baughman

Utah Law Faculty Scholarship

There are few issues in criminal law with greater momentum than bail reform. In the last three years, states have passed hundreds of new pretrial release laws, and there are now over 200 bills pending throughout the states. These efforts are rooted in important concerns: Bail reform lies at the heart of broader recent debates about equitable treatment in the criminal justice system. Done right, bail keeps dangerous individuals off the streets; done wrong, it keeps those with less economic means in jail longer. Some jurisdictions are eliminating money bail. Others are adopting risk assessments to determine who to release. …

On The Use Of Multimedia In Twitter Health Communication: Analysis Of Tweets Regarding The Zika Virus, Jungwon Yoon, Loni Hagen, James Andrews, Ryan Scharf, Thomas Keller, Eunkyung Chung

School of Information Faculty Publications

Introduction: This study investigated influences of multimedia tweets on retweetablity during public health crises, in order to provide evidence for facilitating effective use of Twitter for health communication.

Method: Using the Twitter stream API, a total of 359,043 Zika-related tweets were collected for analysis.

Analysis: The sampled tweets were quantitatively analysed using descriptive statistics and chi-squared tests. For content analysis, subsets of the dataset were manually coded.

Results: 1) text tweets were sent out more frequently than multimedia tweets, but multimedia tweets had higher retweetability, 2) tweets by government, mainstream news media, and online news media …

Inspire : Vol 2, Issue 6, Department Of Medicine

INSPIRE – Department of Medicine Archives

Content

• Message From The Chair
• Larkana HIV outbreak!
• Scientific Manuscript Writing Workshop hosted by Global Health Delivery-Dubai, Harvard Medical School
• Featured Faculty Profile Dr Nosheen Nasir; “ Support and encourage your colleagues; their success is your success. Life is not a competition.”
• What Are Academics Around the World Reading This Month?
• Publications

Promoting Adherence To Influenza Vaccination Recommendations In Pediatric Practice., Lloyd N. Werk, Maria Carmen Diaz, Adriana Cadilla, James P. Franciosi, Jobayer Hossain

Jefferson Health - Northeast Papers (formerly Aria Health Papers)

OBJECTIVES: In the United States, nonadherence to seasonal influenza vaccination guidelines for children and adolescents is common and results in unnecessary morbidity and mortality. We conducted a quality improvement project to improve vaccination rates and test effects of 2 interventions on vaccination guidelines adherence.

METHODS: We conducted a cluster randomized control trial with 11 primary care practices (PRACTICE) that provided care for 11 293 individual children and adolescents in a children's health care system from September 2015 through April 2016. Practice sites (with their clinicians) were randomly assigned to 4 arms (no intervention [Control], computerized clinical decision support system [CCDSS], …

Analysis Of Candida Auris Fungemia At A Single Facility In Kenya, Rodney Adam, Gunturu Revathi, Nancy Okinda, Melanie Fontaine, Jasmit Shah, Elizabeth Kagotho, Mariana Castanheira, Michael A. Pfaller, Daniel Maina

Pathology, East Africa

Objectives: Candida auris emerged as a human pathogen in 2009 and has subsequently been identified around the world as a cause of invasive candidiasis. We did an analysis from a single institution in order to analyze risk factors and outcomes for C. auris candidemia.

Methods: Patients with candidemia were identified by the electronic medical record and reviewed for risk factors and outcome. Candida isolates were identified by Vitek2 as Candida haemulonii, but species determinations for 21 of the isolates using published molecular and proteomic methods identified all as C. auris.

Findings: From September 2010 to December 2016, C. auris accounted …

Containing The Jeremiad: Understanding Paradigms Of Anxiety In Global Climate Change Experience, Brian Glaser

The Journal of the Assembly for Expanded Perspectives on Learning

This essay uses Bion’s concept of “containing” to read the psychological dynamics of jeremiads about global climate change, arguing that their structure reveals a strategy of communication that may be useful for more broadly raising awareness about this challenging state of the planet. More specifically, I argue that contemporary global climate change jeremiads have a structure that first elicits alarm and then moves to discuss solutions, and that this structure may be beneficial to those who are awakening to the reality of global climate change by rendering anxiety bearable and therefore open to purposive and creative response.

Planning Methods For A Sustainable Future, Anthony Jay Herrington

City and Regional Planning

Today, climate change, pollution, poor health, and economic crisis pose a threat to Earth and its inhabitants. If these global threats are left unmitigated, serious economic, environmental, and social consequences will occur. Earth’s future currently rests in the hands of urban planners and policy makers. It is their responsibility to develop and implement methods that ensure a sustainable future. Sustainability is defined as meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. The current effort to achieve global sustainability needs to be improved as conditions continue to decline. Urban planners and …

Contrasting Latitudinal Gradients Of Body Size In Helminth Parasites And Their Hosts, Tad Dallas, Alyssa Lois M. Gehman, A. Alonso Aguirre, Sarah A. Budischak, John M. Drake, Maxwell J. Farrell, Ria Ghai, Shan Huang, Ignacio Morales-Castilla

Faculty Publications

© 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd Aim: We examined body size scaling relationships for two developmental life stages of parasitic helminths (egg and adult) separately in relationship to latitude (i.e. Bergmann's rule), temperature and temperature seasonality. Given that helminth eggs experience environmental conditions more directly, whereas adults live inside infected host individuals, we predict stronger environmentally driven gradients of body size for eggs than for adults. Location: Global. Time period: Present day. Major taxa studied: Parasitic helminths. Methods: We compiled egg size and adult body size data (both minimum and maximum) for 265 parasitic helminth species from the literature, …

Automatically Extracting Meaning From Legal Texts: Opportunities And Challenges, Kevin D. Ashley

Georgia State University Law Review

This paper surveys three basic legal-text analytic techniques—ML, network diagrams, and question answering (QA)—and illustrates how some currently available commercial applications employ or combine them. It then examines how well the text analytic techniques can answer legal questions given some inherent limitations in the technology. In more detail, ML refers to computer programs that use statistical means to induce or learn models from data with which they can classify a document or predict an outcome for a new case. Predictive coding techniques employed in e-discovery have already introduced ML from text into law firms. Network diagrams graph the relations between …

The Current State Of Animal Models And Genomic Approaches Towards Identifying And Validating Molecular Determinants Of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection And Tuberculosis Disease, Allison N Bucsan, Smriti Mehra, Shabaana A Khader, Deepak Kaushal

2010-2019 OA Pubs

Animal models are important in understanding both the pathogenesis of and immunity to tuberculosis (TB). Unfortunately, we are beginning to understand that no animal model perfectly recapitulates the human TB syndrome, which encompasses numerous different stages. Furthermore, Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is a very heterogeneous event at both the levels of pathogenesis and immunity. This review seeks to establish the current understanding of TB pathogenesis and immunity, as validated in the animal models of TB in active use today. We especially focus on the use of modern genomic approaches in these models to determine the mechanism and the role of specific …

Replacement Or Reduction Of Gene-Edited Animals In Biomedical Research: A Comparative Ethics And Policy Analysis, Matthias Eggel, Rebecca L. Walker

North Carolina Law Review

No abstract provided.

Governing Extinction In The Era Of Gene Editing, Jonas J. Monast

North Carolina Law Review

No abstract provided.

Commencement Program 2019, Loma Linda University

Commencement Programs

CONTENTS

1 | Message from the President

3 | 2019 Events of Commencement

5 | The Academic Procession

7 | Significance of Academic Regalia

9 | The Good Samaritan

10 | University History Highlights

12 | Loma Linda University Song - "Healing Love"

13 | Criteria for Institutional Awards—Loma Linda University and Loma Linda University Health

15 | Loma Linda University Health and Loma Linda University Honorees

34 | The Programs, The School Honorees, and The Speakers

• School of Medicine, 35
• School of Pharmacy, 66
• School of Dentistry, 79
• School of Allied Health Professions - Allied Health Studies, Cardiopulmonary Sciences, …

Criminal Justice Involvement And Young Adult Health: The Role Of Adolescent Health Risks And Stress, William M. Clemens, Monica A. Longmore, Peggy C. Giordano, Wendy D. Manning

Sociology Faculty Publications

Background: Although some studies have found that incarceration is associated with young adults' poor health, confounding factors including adolescent health risks, and mediating influences such as stress have not been examined in the same study. We assessed whether variation in criminal justice system experience (none, arrest only, incarceration) influenced young adults' self-reported depressive symptoms and poor physical health after accounting for prospective risks to health including adolescent health risks. We then assessed whether stress mediated associations between criminal justice involvement and the two health indicators.

Methods: Data are from Toledo Adolescent Relationships Study (TARS) (n =990), which included young adults, …

Acute Myocardial Infarction Triggered By Influenza: Role Of Vaccine In Its Prevention, Nischit Baral, Suman Sharma, Subash Ghimire, Sanjay Poudel, Savyata Hamal, Nisha Baral, Niranjan Nayak

Manipal Journal of Medical Sciences

Influenza is a major cause of hospitalization in all age groups. Cardiovascular complications due to influenza are important causes of morbidity and mortality in the US, especially in the elderly population (aged more than 65 years). Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) is the most serious among the cardiovascular causes of mortality following the attack of influenza, mainly in patients with various co-morbidities like pre-existing coronary artery disease (CAD), diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN) and heart failure (HF). We have reviewed the association between influenza virus infection and AMI and extrapolated the beneficial effects of influenza vaccine in preventing AMI and its …

Prevalence Of Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis: A Comparative Policy Analysis, Ansuman Swain

Manipal Journal of Medical Sciences

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant health issue in the Southeast Asian region with Multidrug resistant TB, increasingly becoming a public health problem in India and Bangladesh. Recognizing the threat, the countries developed the National Strategic Plan for Tuberculosis control (NSP 2012-17) and the National Strategic Plan for TB control (NSP 2011-15) respectively. This analyses the national policies of both the nations using the Health Policy Triangle framework by Kent and Bues. The framework consists of the Content, the Policy process, the Contextual factors and the involved Actors and stakeholders. It is followed by a comparison of the two national policies …

Somatic Genome Editing In Sickle Cell Disease: Rewriting A More Just Future, Vence L. Bonham, Lisa E. Smilan

North Carolina Law Review

No abstract provided.

Analysis Of An Eco-Epidemiological Model Under Optimal Control Measures For Infected Prey, Alfred Hugo, Emanuel Simanjilo

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

This paper examines the analysis of an eco-epidemiological model with optimal control strategies for infected prey. A model is proposed and analyzed qualitatively using the stability theory of the differential equations. A local and global study of the model is performed around the disease-free equilibrium and the endemic equilibrium to analyze the global stability using the Lyapunov function. The time-dependent control is introduced into the system to determine the best strategy for controlling the disease. The results obtained suggested the separation of the infected population plays a vital role in disease elimination.