Digital Commons Network^™

Chronic Muscle Weakness And Mitochondrial Dysfunction In The Absence Of Sustained Atrophy In A Preclinical Sepsis Model, Allison M. Owen, Samir P. Patel, Jeffrey D. Smith, Beverly K. Balasuriya, Stephanie F. Mori, Gregory S. Hawk, Arnold J. Stromberg, Naohide Kuriyama, Masao Kaneki, Alexander G. Rabchevsky, Timothy A. Butterfield, Karyn A. Esser, Charlotte A. Peterson, Marlene E. Starr, Hiroshi Saito

Physiology Faculty Publications

Chronic critical illness is a global clinical issue affecting millions of sepsis survivors annually. Survivors report chronic skeletal muscle weakness and development of new functional limitations that persist for years. To delineate mechanisms of sepsis-induced chronic weakness, we first surpassed a critical barrier by establishing a murine model of sepsis with ICU-like interventions that allows for the study of survivors. We show that sepsis survivors have profound weakness for at least 1 month, even after recovery of muscle mass. Abnormal mitochondrial ultrastructure, impaired respiration and electron transport chain activities, and persistent protein oxidative damage were evident in the muscle of …

Lindenwood Digest, December 3, 2019, Lindenwood University

Lindenwood Digest

The Lindenwood Digest has been a digital employee newsletter since 2009.

Tarawangsa As A Traditional Communication Media In The Information Dissemination Based On Local Wisdom, Suwandi Sumartias, Andi Alimuddin, Priyo Subekti, Iriana Bakti, Aat Ruchiat Nugraha, Susie Perbawasari, Rosnandar Romli

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

One of the local wisdom that characterizes the Rancakalong Sumedang community, is the art of Tarawangsa, which is in the form of music that accompanies the Ngalaksa Traditional Ceremony and Farm Tradition Culture. The interaction which occurs when the Ngalaksa Traditional Ceremony takes place is one of the communication spaces for residents in exchanging information, strengthening friendship and ritual communication infrastructure in honor of Dewi Pohaci as the Padi goddess. As a traditional communication media, Tarawangsa art is one of the local wisdom of the community in spreading information about cultural noble values, and spiritual appreciation of food, in this …

Agenda, December 3, 2019, Programs Committee

Programs Committee (PC)

No abstract provided.

Why Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients In The United States Use Or Do Not Use Emergency Medical Services Transport? Findings Of An Inpatient Survey, Sudha Xirasagar, Meng-Han Tsai, Khosrow Heidari, James W. Hardin, Yuqi Wu, Robert Wronski, Dana Hurley, Edward C. Jauch, Souvik Sen

HHS Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background

Patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) who use emergency medical services (EMS) receive quicker reperfusion treatment which, in turn, mitigates post-stroke disability. However, nationally only 59% use EMS. We examined why AIS patients use or do not use EMS.

Methods

During 2016–2018, a convenience sample of AIS patients admitted to a primary stroke center in South Carolina were surveyed during hospitalization if they were medically fit, available for survey when contacted, and consented to participate. The survey was programed into EpiInfo with skip patterns to minimize survey burden and self-administered on a touchscreen computer. Survey questions covered symptom characteristics, …

Langerhans Cells Orchestrate The Protective Antiviral Innate Immune Response In The Lymph Node., Eric B. Wong, Brian Montoya, Colby Stotesbury, Maria Ferez, Ren-Huan Xu, Luis J. Sigal

Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty Papers

During disseminating viral infections, a swift innate immune response (IIR) in the draining lymph node (dLN) that restricts systemic viral spread is critical for optimal resistance to disease. However, it is unclear how this IIR is orchestrated. We show that after footpad infection of mice with ectromelia virus, dendritic cells (DCs) highly expressing major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC class II^hi DCs), including CD207⁺ epidermal Langerhans cells (LCs), CD103⁺CD207⁺ double-positive dermal DCs (DP-DCs), and CD103⁻CD207⁻ double-negative dermal DCs (DN-DCs) migrate to the dLN from the skin carrying virus. MHC class II^{hi …}

Methods And Application For Tracking Seedling Fate On The Utah Test And Training Range, Jesse Randal Morris

Theses and Dissertations

Remote sensing of the environment has become an effective and useful research approach applied across a wide range of scientific and professional disciplines. Generally remote sensing is used to evaluate patterns and processes at broad spatio-temporal scales, such as classifying landscape vegetation patterns or for creating digital surface models, however, there are increasing opportunities to expand the use of remotely sensed information to a wider range of applications at variable spatial and temporal scales. In the field of plant seedling and germination research methods are needed to improve plant establishment and restoration monitoring, particularly in areas that have historically low …

It’S Not The Robot’S Fault! Russian And American Perspectives On Responsibility For Robot Harms, Bryant Walker Smith, Andrey Neznamov

Duke Journal of Comparative & International Law

As automated vehicles, personal robots, and other cyberphysical systems enter our world, law must confront important questions about civil liability for harms caused by these systems. Two legal scholars—one from Russia and one from the United States—come together to tackle these questions with an integrated approach that draws on the law of both countries.

Call It What It Is: Genocide Through Male Rape And Sexual Violence In The Former Yugoslavia And Rwanda, Claire Bradford Di Caro

Duke Journal of Comparative & International Law

Genocide and its various iterations have repeatedly been contextualized in narratives assuming that victims are female. Part of this is due to the irrefutable data that shows the overwhelming number of victims are female. The United Nations 1948 treaty known as the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide provided for a definition for genocide that purposefully included other forms of genocide, particularly genocidal rape and sexual violence. Yet the two most comprehensive genocidal tribunals, the International Criminal Tribunal for Yugoslavia (ICTY) and the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR), refrained from charging criminals with genocide …

Why Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients In The United States Use Or Do Not Use Emergency Medical Services Transport? Findings Of An Inpatient Survey, Sudha Xirasagar, Meng-Han Tsai, Khosrow Heidari, James W. Hardin, Yuqi Wu, Robert Wronski, Dana Hurley, Edward C. Jauch, Souvik Sen

Faculty Publications

Background: Patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) who use emergency medical services (EMS) receive quicker reperfusion treatment which, in turn, mitigates post-stroke disability. However, nationally only 59% use EMS. We examined why AIS patients use or do not use EMS.

Methods: During 2016–2018, a convenience sample of AIS patients admitted to a primary stroke center in South Carolina were surveyed during hospitalization if they were medically fit, available for survey when contacted, and consented to participate. The survey was programed into EpiInfo with skip patterns to minimize survey burden and self-administered on a touchscreen computer. Survey questions covered symptom characteristics, …

7-Epi-Clusianone, A Multi-Targeting Natural Product With Potential Chemotherapeutic, Immune-Modulating, And Anti-Angiogenic Properties, Wesley F. Taylor, Maria Yanez, Sara E. Moghadam, Mahdi Moridi Farimani, Sara Soroury, Samad N. Ebrahimi, Marzieh Tabefam, Ehsan Jabbarzadeh

Faculty Publications

Targeted therapies have changed the treatment of cancer, giving new hope to many patients in recent years. The shortcomings of targeted therapies including acquired resistance, limited susceptible patients, high cost, and high toxicities, have led to the necessity of combining these therapies with other targeted or chemotherapeutic treatments. Natural products are uniquely capable of synergizing with targeted and non-targeted anticancer regimens due to their ability to affect multiple cellular pathways simultaneously. Compounds which provide an additive effect to the often combined immune therapies and cytotoxic chemotherapies, are exceedingly rare. These compounds would however provide a strengthening bridge between the two …

Study On Antibacterial Of Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite Doped Magnesium Composite As A Material For Bone Graft Applications, Andromeda Dwi Laksono, Teodoro A. Amatosa, Jr., Hilda Pebrianti Octaviana Sitorus, Wentika Putri Kusuma Asih, Sulistijono Sulistijono

Makara Journal of Technology

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is one of the constituent minerals of bone and teeth, that has been widely used for synthesizing bone graft. Due to the limitation on properties of the hydroxyapatite, it is doping with Magnesium (HAp-Mg). The addition of Chitosan (Chi) was expected to improve the antibacterial properties of HAp-Mg. The present research aims to study the influence of Chitosan with 0, 5, 15, and 25 wt% addition on biocompatibility properties of Chi/HAp-Mg composite. HAp-Mg was synthesized using the sol-gel method; meanwhile, Chi/HAp-Mg composite was manufactured by mixing Chitosan in acetic acid, and HAp-Mg was added into the mixture. The …

Evaluation Of Primal-Dual Splitting Algorithm For Mri Reconstruction Using Spatio-Temporal Structure Tensor And L1-2 Norm, Mia Rizkinia, Masahiro Okuda

Makara Journal of Technology

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an essential medical imaging technique which is widely used for medical research and diagnosis. Dynamic MRI provides the observed object visualization through time and results in a spatiotemporal signal. The image sequences often contain redundant information in both spatial and temporal domains. To utilize this characteristic, we propose a spatio-temporal reconstruction approach based on compressive sensing theory. We apply spatio-temporal structure tensor using nuclear norm, in addition to the wavelet sparsity regularization. The spatio-temporal structure tensor is a matrix that consists of gradient components of the MRI data w.r.t the spatial and temporal domains. For …

Influence Of Nh4f In Dextran Based Biopolymer Electrolytes: Conductivity And Electrical Analysis, Muhamad Hafiz Hamsan, Mohd Fakhrul Zamani Kadir, Shujahadeen Bakar Aziz, Muhammad Amirul Solihin Azha, Saifful Kamaluddin Muzakir

Makara Journal of Technology

Dextran polymer host was doped with different concentrations of ammonium fluoride (NH4F) via casting technique. In this present work, dextran-NH4F film has been employed to investigate the ionic conductivity using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy from 50 to 5 MHz. The highest room temperature conductivity is achieved at (2.33 ± 0.76) × 10-3 S cm-1 with 40 wt.% NH4F. The electrolyte is found to obey Arrhenius rule at high temperature with activation energy of 0.21 eV. Dielectric analysis has been performed to obtain better understanding on the conductivity pattern. The dielectric parameters e.g. ɛreal, ɛimag, Mreal, and Mimag have been tested as …

Acute Toxicitystudy Of Choline Based Ionic Liquids Towards Danio Rerio Fish And The Aggregation Behavior Of Their Binary Mixtures, Mansoor Ul Hassan Shah, Nasruddin Nasruddin, Suzana Bt Yusup, Muhammad Moniruzzaman

Makara Journal of Technology

Marine oil spills are effectively controlled by chemical dispersants. However, the toxicity associated with it reduce its employment in marine environment. To overcome this limitation, the acute toxicity of choline based ionic liquids was evaluated as a potential low toxic variant for oil spill remediation. Further, the aggregation behavior of the individual as well as their binary mixtures was also evaluated by employing tensiometry technique. The half-lethal concentration, LC50on zebrafish (Danio rerio) of three choline based ionic liquids showed that the studied ionic liquids (ILs) fall in the range of “practically nontoxic” ( 100-1000 mg L-1).Various micellar properties showed that …

Alzheimer's And Amyloid Beta: Amyloidogenicity And Tauopathy Via Dyshomeostatic Interactions Of Amyloid Beta, Jordan Tillinghast

Senior Honors Theses

This paper reviews functions of Amyloid-β (Aβ) in healthy individuals compared to the consequences of aberrant Aβ in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). As extraneuronal Aβ accumulation and plaque formation are characteristics of AD, it is reasonable to infer a pivotal role for Aβ in AD pathogenesis. Establishing progress of the disease as well as the mechanism of neurodegeneration from AD have proven difficult (Selkoe, 1994). This thesis provides evidence suggesting the pathogenesis of AD is due to dysfunctional neuronal processes involving Aβ’s synaptic malfunction, abnormal interaction with tau, and disruption of neuronal homeostasis. Significant evidence demonstrates that AD symptoms are partially …

The Impact Of A Competitive Healthcare Environment On Cost And Quality, Maureen E. Buckley

Dissertations

A descriptive longitudinal (1988-1993) case study design, with the Resource Dependence Theory as the conceptual framework, was used to investigate the effect of a competitive health care market on the cost and quality of hospital care. The secluded geographic area in which the three study hospitals were located served to minimize the influence of additional competitors. The Resource Dependence theory emphasizes the adaptation of an organization to changes in the environment or competitive market.

White (Non-Hispanic) Nurse Practitioner Student Perceptions Of Hispanic Patients, Rose Iris Gonzalez

Dissertations

As the United States continues to become increasingly more diverse, the health care industry must adjust and develop improved strategies for the effective provision of health care services to all. The Hispanic population is the fastest growing minority group in the United States. This population (ethnic group) faces many challenges to receiving adequate health care including: stereotyping by health professionals; language and cultural barriers; limited access to health care; and a lack of trust in the current health care system. Hispanic patients are frequently met by predominantly White (non-Hispanic) health care practitioners, who bring their own set of biases and …

Developing A Scale To Measure Responses Of Clients With Actual Or Potential Myocardial Infarctions, Karen Rae Robinson

Dissertations

An assumption in Modeling and Role-Modeling theory is that meeting instinctive needs promotes growth and development across the life span (Erickson, Tomlin, & Swain, 1988). The need for object attachments is one type of need. Loss of an attachment results in the grief process with denial and shock as the first stage. For the coronary client, an acute episode of chest pain may threaten the loss of an attachment object (one's heart function). Determining a coronary client's level of denial is important data and is needed before the nurse can develop individualized interventions to facilitate the client's adaptation. The purpose …

Implementing Screening To Assess Readiness To Change In Overweight And Obese Patients At A Patient-Centered Medical Home, Jarrod Edward Gant

Dissertations

Obesity is at epidemic levels within the United States (U.S.), but the Southern U.S. has some of the most obese states. Mississippi (MS) is the most obese state in the country (Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, 2018). Factors such as diet, sedentary lifestyle, cultural influences, and socioeconomic status contribute to the state's citizens being overweight and obese. Contributing to the state's obesity is the fact that MS has more people living in poverty than any other state (Center for American Progress [CAP], 2018). Lacking the ability to afford healthy foods and the ability to afford quality healthcare adds to the state's …

A Multi-Scale Approach To Study Biochemical And Biophysical Aspects Of Resveratrol On Diesel Exhaust Particle-Human Primary Lung Cell Interaction, Wei Zhang, Qifei Li, Mingjie Tang, Han Zhang, Xiaoping Sun, Sige Zou, Judy L. Jensen, Theodore G. Liou, Anhong Zhou

Biological Engineering Faculty Publications

Diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) are major air pollutants that lead to numerous human disorders, especially pulmonary diseases, partly through the induction of oxidative stress. Resveratrol is a polyphenol that ameliorates the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and delays aging-related processes. Herein we studied the cytoprotective effect of resveratrol on DEP-exposed human lung cells in a factorial experimental design. This work investigates biophysical features including cellular compositions and biomechanical properties, which were measured at the single-cell level using confocal Raman microspectroscopy (RM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and partial least square …

Developmental Hypomyelination In Wolfram Syndrome: New Insights From Neuroimaging And Gene Expression Analyses, Amjad Samara, Rachel Rahn, Olga Neyman, Ki Yun Park, Ahmad Samara, Bess Marshall, Joseph Dougherty, Tamara Hershey

Open Access Publications

Wolfram syndrome is a rare multisystem disorder caused by mutations in WFS1 or CISD2 genes leading to brain structural abnormalities and neurological symptoms. These abnormalities appear in early stages of the disease. The pathogenesis of Wolfram syndrome involves abnormalities in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondrial dynamics, which are common features in several other neurodegenerative disorders. Mutations in WFS1 are responsible for the majority of Wolfram syndrome cases. WFS1 encodes for an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein, wolframin. It is proposed that wolframin deficiency triggers the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway resulting in an increased ER stress-mediated neuronal loss. Recent neuroimaging …

Kim Hayes And Nancy Hayes, Appellants V. Intermountain Geoenvironmental Services, Inc. : Brief Of Appellant, Utah Supreme Court

Utah Supreme Court Briefs (2000–2020)

APPEAL FROM THE UTAH COURT OF APPEALS

ANNA NELSON MORGAN, MINNOCK, RICE & MINER,L.C. Attorneys for Appellee Cameron B. Diehl ( 13197) UTAH LEAGUE OF CITIES AND TOWNS Attorney for Amicus Curiae Gary R. Crane (5054) Steven L. Garside (4323) J. Mason Kjar (14227) LAYTON CITY ATTORNEY Attorney for Amicus Curiae Paul D. Dodd WEST JORDAN CITY Attorney for Amicus Curiae

DAMIAN C. SMITH TECHLA W VENTURES, PLLC 3290 W. MAYFLOWER WAYLEHI, UTAH 84043 Attorneys for Appellants

Off-Label, On Brand: How Psychiatric Drugs Reached Unsuspecting Youths, Charles J. May, Danielle Hyams, Larisa Karr

Capstones

This capstone project takes a deep dive into the world of off-label medicine, specifically focusing on psychiatric drugs for children. Off-label medicine is common practice, but not many people understand the potential dangers of this practice if doctors are not forthcoming and honest with their patients about potential side effects. Throughout this report, we detail the experiences of youths who took antipsychotics and antidepressants for off-label purposes, and the life-changing side effects the experienced as a result.

https://medium.com/@charlie.may/off-label-on-brand-how-psychiatric-drugs-reached-unsuspecting-youths-cdcb22315789

Visual Storytelling And Vulnerable Healthcare Consumers: Normalising Practices And Social Support Through Instagram, Lauren Gurrieri, Jenna M. Drenten

School of Business: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore how vulnerable healthcare consumers foster social support through visual storytelling in social media in navigating healthcare consumption experiences. Design/methodology/approach: This study employs a dual qualitative approach of visual and textual analysis of 180 Instagram posts from female breast cancer patients and survivors who use the platform to narrate their healthcare consumption experiences. Findings: Our research demonstrates how visual storytelling on social media normalises hidden aspects of healthcare consumption experiences through healthcare disclosures (procedural, corporeal, recovery), normalising practices (providing learning resources, cohering the illness experience, problematising mainstream recovery narratives) and enabling digital …

Methodology Of Topology Optimization, Naziha Khandoker

Honors Theses

The need for lighter products is becoming increasingly essential as it cuts material cost and significant amount of weight, which is a key factor in the automotive and aerospace industries. Topology optimization allows us to achieve that by applying the concept to different structures with the goal of optimal distribution of material within finite volume design domain. Its algorithms selectively remove and relocate elements to achieve the optimum performance. This project performs a study on the effect of each design parameter over mechanical performance using Finite Element Analysis and applies it to set of wing attachment brackets. The optimized brackets …

Characteristics And Incidence Of Inpatient Ophthalmology Consultations To Screen For Papilledema, Peter J. Belin, Giovanni H. Greaves, Jules Winokur, Matthew Gorski

Journal of Academic Ophthalmology

Characteristics and Incidence of Inpatient Ophthalmology Consultations to Screen for Papilledema

A Fuzzy‐Based Risk Assessment Framework For Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Under‐Ice Missions, Ty Loh, Mp Brito, N Bose, J Xu, K Tenekedjiev

Plymouth Business School

The use of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) for various scientific, commercial, and military applications has become more common with maturing technology and improved accessibility. One relatively new development lies in the use of AUVs for under-ice marine science research in the Antarctic. The extreme environment, ice cover, and inaccessibility as compared to open-water missions can result in a higher risk of loss. Therefore, having an effective assessment of risks before undertaking any Antarctic under-ice missions is crucial to ensure an AUV's survival. Existing risk assessment approaches predominantly focused on the use of historical fault log data of an AUV and …

Are Physical Measures Related To Patient-Centered Outcomes In Ards Survivors?, Kitty S. Chan Phd, Lisa Aronson Friedman Scm, Victor D. Dinglas Mph, Catherine L. Hough Md, Msc, Carl Shanholtz Md, E. Wesley Ely Md, Mph, Peter E. Morris Md, Pedro A. Mendez-Tellez Md, James C. Jackson Psyd, Ramona O. Hopkins Phd, Dale M. Needham Fcpa, Md, Phd

Faculty Publications

Objective: To inform selection of physical measures for studies of ARDS survivors within 12 months of ARDS Methods: Secondary analysis of data from 6-month survivors participating in a U.S. multicenter prospective study (ARDSNet Long-Term Outcome Study [ALTOS], N=134) or a multi-site prospective study in Baltimore, MD (Improving Care of Acute Lung Injury Patients [ICAP], N=99). Physical measures, assessed at 6-month follow-up, were categorized according to the World HealthOrganization’s International Classification of Disability and Health: body functions and structures, activity, and participation. Patient-centered outcomes were evaluated at 6 and 12- months: survival, hospitalization, alive at home status, and health-related quality of …

How The States Can Fix Sell: Forced Medication Of Mentally Ill Criminal Defendants In State Courts, Nick Katz

Duke Law Journal

In Sell v. United States , the Supreme Court announced a constitutional standard permitting involuntary medication of mentally ill criminal defendants to render them competent to stand trial. Lower federal courts have struggled to apply the Court’s balancing test, reading the same Sell language to impose different requirements.

While much ink has been spilled debating whether the Sell standard is sufficiently rights-protective, less attention has been devoted to the state court implementations of Sell . But because many more criminal prosecutions take place in state court than in federal court, it stands to reason that significantly more Sell requests should …