Digital Commons Network^™

Inflammatory Reactions To Red Tattoo Inks: Three Cases Highlighting An Emerging Problem, Ricardo Ruiz-Villaverde, Pablo Fernandez-Crehuet, Paula Hernandez-Centeno, Jose L., Carlos Cuenca-Barrales

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

In recent years, tattoos have become more commonplace. However, this can result in various inflammatory processes, the management of which can be challenging in daily clinical practice. Tattoo-related inflammatory reactions can comprise different patterns, including acute and immediate reactions, foreign body granulomas, sarcoid granulomas, isomorphic lesions, allergic contact dermatitis and photosensitivity. We report three cases who were referred to the Dermatology Outpatient Clinic of the Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain, in 2017 with various skin reactions in the red-ink areas of their tattoos. Screening was performed for infectious diseases like atypical mycobacterial infections and systemic processes such as sarcoidosis. …

The Continual Threat Of Influenza Virus Infections At The Human–Animal Interface: What Is New From A One Health Perspective?, E. S. Bailey, J. Y. Choi, J. K. Fieldhouse, L. K. Borkenhagen, J. Zemke, D. Zhang, G. C. Gray

Public Health

No abstract provided.

Environmental Factors That Affect Kenneled Shelter Dogs In Connecticut, Laura Burban

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Kaposi's Strikes Back: How A Once-Common Cause Of Aids-Related Morbidity In Hiv Re-Emerged, Wajih Askar, Thomas J. Dilworth, Charles Brummitt

Aurora Internal Medicine Residents

Introduction: The incidence of Kaposi Sarcoma (KS) in AIDS population has decreased significantly in the era of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Clinicians are not fully familiar with its pulmonary presentations which might lead to delay of diagnosis and treatment. Case Description: A 59-year-old Caucasian male, HIV-positive for >20 years, was diagnosed with right leg KS by biopsy 15 years ago. His course was complicated with ART refusal/interruption, consenting to ART only from 2006-12, during which HIV was suppressed and KS regressed and stabilized. He was lost to care from 2013-18. He was admitted in April 2018 with respiratory distress that required …

A Theory Of Environmental Justice, Karly Edwards

Culture, Society, and Praxis

This paper is a reflection and interpretation of a poem written by Steven Blevins. The author gives an insight to a different aspect of sustainability, incorporating themes of equity and economic justice - two apparently distant narratives.

Parameter Sensitivity For In Vitro Anthrax Studies, Yareley Gonzalez, Maria Macias-Bedolla, Megan O. Powell

Spora: A Journal of Biomathematics

Studies done on interactions between spores and macrophages done in vitro show inconsistent results based on experimental protocol and inhibit meaningful extrapolation to in vivo. In this study, we perform a sensitivity analysis of a model representing in vitro studies of interactions between anthrax spores and macrophages to help address the effects of these inconsistencies. We perform both local and global analyses using Latin hypercube sampling and partial rank correlation coefficients. Our analysis indicates the amount of intracellular bacteria over time is most sensitive to the killing of intracellular bacteria by the macrophages and replication of the bacteria inside …

Characterization Of The Protective Role Of Th17 Cells In An Fc Receptor-Targeted Vaccine Strategy Against Fracisella Tularensis Infection, Kyle Devenney

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

Using a murine model, we have previously showed that targeting an inactivated form of F.tularensis (iFt) bacteria to Fcg receptors by utilizing an IgG2a, anti-LPS monoclonal antibody (mAb) provides 100% protection against a lethal dose with the live vaccine strain (LVS). The binding of anti-LPS monoclonal antibodies and iFt create an immune complex (mAb-iFt) allowing the Fc-region of the antibody to target Fc receptors expressed on antigen presenting cells, leading to a more robust and effective processing and presentation of the bacterial antigens. Although the resulting protective response generated relies on both humoral and cell-mediated immunity, in our study we …

Cross-Sectional Hiv Incidence Estimation Accounting For Heterogeneity Across Communities, Yuejia Xu, Oliver B. Laeyendecker, Rui Wang

Harvard University Biostatistics Working Paper Series

No abstract provided.

Managing The Risks And Rewards Of Death In Eusocial Insects, Qian Sun, Kenneth F. Haynes, Xuguo Zhou

Faculty Publications

Eusocial insects frequently face death of colony members as a consequence of living in large groups where the success of the colony is not dependent on the fate of the individual. Whereas death of conspecifics commonly triggers aversion in many group-living species due to risk of pathogens, eusocial insects perform cooperative corpse management. The causes and social context of the death, as well as feeding and nesting ecology of the species, influence the way that corpses are treated. The corpse itself releases cues that dictate the colony's response. As a result, social insects exhibit behavioural responses that promote disease resistance, …

Interfering With Dna Decondensation As A Strategy Against Mycobacteria, Enzo M. Scutigliani, Edwin R. Scholl, Anita E. Grootemaat, Sadhana Khanal, Jakub A. Kochan, Przemek M. Krawczyk, Eric A. Reits, Atefeh Garzan, Huy X. Ngo, Keith D. Green, Sylvie Garneau-Tsodikova, Jan M. Ruijter, Henk A. Van Veen, Nicole N. Van Der Wel

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Tuberculosis is once again a major global threat, leading to more than 1 million deaths each year. Treatment options for tuberculosis patients are limited, expensive and characterized by severe side effects, especially in the case of multidrug-resistant forms. Uncovering novel vulnerabilities of the pathogen is crucial to generate new therapeutic strategies. Using high resolution microscopy techniques, we discovered one such vulnerability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We demonstrate that the DNA of M. tuberculosis can condense under stressful conditions such as starvation and antibiotic treatment. The DNA condensation is reversible and specific for viable bacteria. Based on these observations, we hypothesized …

The Conquest Of Pus -- A History Of Bitumen, Creosote And Carbolic Acid, Charles T. Ambrose

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

In the Western world from antiquity on, open wounds were treated topically with petroleum-derived substances, such as bitumen, asphalt, pitch, and tar. The immediate aim was to stifle bleeding and ease pain but a potential benefit was preventing local corruption with pus formation. In the early 19th century, creosote was recovered from bitumen and found to reduce suppuration. Carbolic acid was later isolated from creosote and recognized as an underlying active agent. In the 1860s, carbolic acid was first employed by Jules Lemaire to treat local skin infections and later by Joseph Lister to prevent the suppuration in compound fractures. …

Grandparent Caregivers’ Perceptions And Lived Experiences: Their Health And Wellbeing, Access To Health And State Of Health Services In Zimbabwe, Magen M. Mutepfa Dr

GrandFamilies: The Contemporary Journal of Research, Practice and Policy

The study explored the perceptions and lived experiences of self-rated health, access to health, and state of health services for grandparent caregivers in Zimbabwe. In–depth interviews using semi-structured interview guides were carried out to elicit perceptions of lived experiences from grandparent caregivers (N=31; Mean age= 65.7; SD= 10.7). The data was thematically analysed and the software Nvivo 10 was used to help categorize emergent themes. The study found that grandparent caregivers experienced multiple chronic and complex self-rated health conditions (e.g., High blood pressure (HBP), arthritis, diabetes, hypertension, back pain, and heart problems), which influenced their health and Quality of Life …

Career Corner: Quidel Looking For Biochemists Life Scientists, Ohio University College Of Arts & Sciences

All Forum Articles

No abstract provided.

The Human Cib1-Ever1-Ever2 Complex Governs Keratinocyte-Intrinsic Immunity To Β-Papillomaviruses., Sarah Jill De Jong, Amandine Créquer, Irina Matos, David Hum, Vignesh Gunasekharan, Lazaro Lorenzo, Fabienne Jabot-Hanin, Elias Imahorn, Andres A. Arias, Hassan Vahidnezhad, Leila Youssefian, Janet G. Markle, Etienne Patin, Aurelia D'Amico, Claire Q.F. Wang, Florian Full, Armin Ensser, Tina M. Leisner, Leslie V. Parise, Matthieu Bouaziz, Nataly Portilla Maya, Xavier Rueda Cadena, Bayaki Saka, Amir Hossein Saeidian, Nessa Aghazadeh, Sirous Zeinali, Peter Itin, James G. Krueger, Lou Laimins, Laurent Abel, Elaine Fuchs, Jouni Uitto, Jose Luis Franco, Bettina Burger, Gérard Orth, Emmanuelle Jouanguy, Jean-Laurent Casanova

Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Faculty Papers

Patients with epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) and biallelic null mutations of TMC6 (encoding EVER1) or TMC8 (EVER2) are selectively prone to disseminated skin lesions due to keratinocyte-tropic human β-papillomaviruses (β-HPVs), which lack E5 and E8. We describe EV patients homozygous for null mutations of the CIB1 gene encoding calcium- and integrin-binding protein-1 (CIB1). CIB1 is strongly expressed in the skin and cultured keratinocytes of controls but not in those of patients. CIB1 forms a complex with EVER1 and EVER2, and CIB1 proteins are not expressed in EVER1- or EVER2-deficient cells. The known functions of EVER1 and EVER2 in human keratinocytes are …

An Investigation Into Tetrodotoxin (Ttx) Levels Associated With The Red Dorsal Spots In Eastern Newt (Notophthalmus Viridescens) Efts And Adults, Mackenzie M. Spicer, James P. Strange, Trevor L. Chapman, Edmund D. Brodie Jr., Edmund D. Brodie Jr., Brian G. Gall

Biology Faculty Publications

We investigated the concentration of tetrodotoxin (TTX) in sections of skin containing and lacking red dorsal spots in both Eastern newt (Notophthalmus viridescens) efts and adults. Several other species, such as Pleurodeles waltl and Echinotriton andersoni, have granular glands concentrated in brightly pigmented regions on the dorsum, and thus we hypothesized that the red dorsal spots of Eastern newts may also possess higher levels of TTX than the surrounding skin. We found no difference between the concentrations of TTX in the red spots as compared to neighboring skin lacking these spots in either efts or adults. However, …

A Systematic Review Of The Efficacy And Safety Of Fecal Microbiota Transplant For Clostridium Difficile Infection In Immunocompromised Patients, Oluwaseun Shogbesan, Dilli Ram Poudel, Samjeris Victor, Asad Jehangir, Opeyemi Fadahunsi, Gbenga Shogbesan, Anthony A. Donato

Reading Hospital Internal Medicine Residency

Background: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been shown to be effective in recurrent

Methods: We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE for English language articles published on FMT for treatment of CD infection in immunocompromised patients (including patients on immunosuppressant medications, patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), inherited or primary immunodeficiency syndromes, cancer undergoing chemotherapy, or organ transplant, including-bone marrow transplant) of all ages. We excluded inflammatory bowel disease patients that were not on immunosuppressant medications. Resolution and adverse event rates (including secondary infection, rehospitalization, and death) were calculated.

Results: Forty-four studies were included, none of which were randomized designs. A total …

Progress Notes, Lehigh Valley Health Network

Progress Notes

No abstract provided.

Liability Rules For Health Information, Jorge L. Contreras, Francisca Nordfalk

Utah Law Faculty Scholarship

The recent trend toward propertization of health data could pose significant challenges to biomedical research and public health. Property rule systems can result in sizable up-front costs in the acquisition of consent from individual data subjects, as well as the ongoing risk that data subjects will retract consent or object to unanticipated data uses, thus compromising existing data resources and analyses. We argue that property-based approaches to health data should be rejected in favor of liability rule frameworks for the protection of individual privacy interests. We demonstrate that liability rule frameworks for data governance are not only desirable from a …

Dynamics Of Zika Virus Model With Nonlinear Incidence And Optimal Control Strategies, Samson Olaniyi

Applied Mathematics & Information Sciences

We formulate and analyze Zika virus transmission model with three nonlinear forces of infection from infected mosquito, asymptomatic and symptomatic humans. The sensitivity indexes of the associated parameters of the model with respect to the basic reproduction number are calculated to identify intervention strategies for prevention and control of Zika virus. Multiple time-dependent optimal controls are considered. The analysis based on the use of optimal control theory made popular by Pontryagin’s maximum principle is carried out, and the resulting optimality system is quantitatively simulated to investigate the impact of the controls on the dynamics of Zika virus. In addition, the …

Development And Implementation Of A Mobile Device-Based Pediatric Electronic Decision Support Tool As Part Of A National Practice Standardization Project, Russell J Mcculloh, Sarah D Fouquet, Joshua Herigon, Eric A Biondi, Brandan Kennedy, Ellen Kerns, Adrienne Deporre, Jessica L Markham, Y Raymond Chan, Krista Nelson, Jason G Newland

2010-2019 OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: Implementing evidence-based practices requires a multi-faceted approach. Electronic clinical decision support (ECDS) tools may encourage evidence-based practice adoption. However, data regarding the role of mobile ECDS tools in pediatrics is scant. Our objective is to describe the development, distribution, and usage patterns of a smartphone-based ECDS tool within a national practice standardization project.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We developed a smartphone-based ECDS tool for use in the American Academy of Pediatrics, Value in Inpatient Pediatrics Network project entitled "Reducing Excessive Variation in the Infant Sepsis Evaluation (REVISE)." The mobile application (app), PedsGuide, was developed using evidence-based recommendations created by an …

Macrophages But Not Astrocytes Harbor Hiv Dna In The Brains Of Hiv-1-Infected Aviremic Individuals On Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy, Allen Ko, Guobin Kang, Julian B. Hattler, Hadiza I. Galadima, Junfeng Zhang, Qingsheng Li, Woong-Ki Kim

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

The question of whether the human brain is an anatomical site of persistent HIV-1 infection during suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART) is critical, but remains unanswered. The presence of virus in the brains of HIV patients whose viral load is effectively suppressed would demonstrate not only the potential for CNS to act as an anatomical HIV reservoir, but also the urgent need to understand the factors contributing to persistent HIV behind the blood-brain barrier. Here, we investigated for the first time the presence of cells harboring HIV DNA and RNA in the brains from subjects with undetectable plasma viral load and …

Control Of Biofilm Formation In Healthcare: Recent Advances Exploiting Quorum-Sensing Interference Strategies And Multidrug Efflux Pump Inhibitors, Bindu Subhadra, Dong Ho Kim, Kyungho Woo, Surya Surendran, Chul Hee Choi

Faculty Publications - Biological Sciences

Biofilm formation in healthcare is an issue of considerable concern, as it results in increased morbidity and mortality, imposing a significant financial burden on the healthcare system. Biofilms are highly resistant to conventional antimicrobial therapies and lead to persistent infections. Hence, there is a high demand for novel strategies other than conventional antibiotic therapies to control biofilm-based infections. There are two approaches which have been employed so far to control biofilm formation in healthcare settings: one is the development of biofilm inhibitors based on the understanding of the molecular mechanism of biofilm formation, and the other is to modify the …

Avian Advice, September 2018, Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food, And Life Sciences (University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville). Center Of Excellence For Poultry Science, University Of Arkansas (System). Cooperative Extension Service

Avian Advice

No abstract provided.

Disruptive Philanthropy: Chan-Zuckerberg, The Limited Liability Company, And The Millionaire Next Door, Dana Brakman Reiser

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Wildlife Trafficking And Poaching: Contemporary Context And Dynamics For Security Cooperation And Military Assistance, Christopher Jasparro

CIWAG Case Studies

Wildlife Trafficking and Poaching: Contemporary Context and Dynamics for Security Cooperation and Military Assistance, by Dr. Christopher Jasparro, examines the impact wildlife crime has played on exacerbating the delicate security situation in Africa, and the effectiveness of the security cooperation and assistance programs that have formed as a result. Wildlife crime has become a significant international security issue as poaching is used to fund terrorism, drug trades, and other illicit activities that destabilize local African governments and endanger vulnerable species. Wildlife crime is complex and varied with no individual solution. To combat this growing issue, plans and programs carefully …

New Mouse Model Of Pulmonary Hypertension Induced By Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis, Dai Kimura, Jordy Saravia, Sridhar Jaligama, Isabella Mcnamara, Luan D. Vu, Ryan D. Sullivan, Salvatore Mancarella, Dahui You, Stephania A. Cormier

Faculty Publications

© 2018 American Physiological Society. All rights reserved. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) has been observed in up to 75% of infants with moderate to severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in infants with congenital heart disease. The purpose of the present study was to establish a mouse model of PH secondary to RSV bronchiolitis that mimics the disease etiology as it occurs in infants. Neonatal mice were infected with RSV at 5 days of age and then reinfected 4 wk later. Serum-free medium was administered to age-matched mice as a control. Echocardiography and …

Pharmacy Newsletter : September 2018, Pharmacy Department

Department of Pharmacy Archives

Content:

• Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis
• New Update: Direct Oral Anti-Coagulants (DOACs)
• Case Study: Use of Cholestyramine for Management Of Digoxin Toxicity
• Updates : Use of Doxycycline in Children
• Serotonin Syndrome – Myths & Misconceptions

Fatal Case Of Cerebral Aspergilloma Complicated By Ventriculitis And Bacteremia Due To Salmonella Species In A Sickle Cell Disease Patient, Fawzia E. Alotaibi

Saudi Medical Journal

To describe a fatal case of invasive Aspergillus flavus sinusitis in a 43-year old female with sickle cell disease (SCD) complicated by intracerebral aspergilloma and invasive Salmonella infection. Cerebral aspergilloma carries a very high mortality rate. The patient developed post-craniotomy intracerebral hemorrhage at the site of biopsy, Salmonella species sepsis and ventriculitis. She presented with a 2-month history of headache, dizziness, personality and behavioral changes, and vomiting. Initial clinical evaluation raised the suspicion of brain tumor. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed a left frontal, thick-walled ring-enhancing lesion with extensive surrounding edema suggestive of a neoplastic lesion, or a contiguous inflammatory …

Strategies Involving The Food-Derived Agent Curcumin To Eliminate Brain Cancer, Sumit Mukherjee

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most deadly forms of cancer with a mean 5-year survival rate of ≤5%. We have used the non-invasive strategy of long-term intranasal (IN) delivery of a glioblastoma-directed adduct of curcumin (CC), CC-CD68Ab, into the brain of murine GBM cell line GL261-implanted mice to study the therapeutic effect of CC on GBM remission. The treatment caused GBM tumor remission in 50% of GL261-implanted GBM mice. A similar rescue rate (60%) was also achieved through long-term intraperitoneal (i.p) infusion of a highly bioavailable phosphotidylcholine (PC)-encapsulated formulation of CC, Curcumin Phytosome Meriva (CCP), into the GL261-implanted GBM …

The Relationship Between Parenting And Child Trauma: An Intergenerational Investigation, Miriam A. Dreyer

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This study examined the intergenerational transmission of trauma by investigating the relationship between parental trauma and child trauma exposure by considering parenting variables including emotion regulation, aggression, monitoring, and punitiveness as potential mechanisms of transmission. Though ample research exists which suggests that experiences of trauma are passed down from one generation to the next, this intergenerational transmission is not inevitable, and the mechanisms of transmission need to be better understood. Parenting is a crucial construct to examine given that it shapes interactions between two generations and represents a forum for intervention.

The study was a secondary analysis of a selection …