Digital Commons Network^™

Victim Participation In Japan, Erik Herber

Washington International Law Journal

In 2008, a victim participation system was introduced in Japan, which enabled crime victims to participate in criminal proceedings. One of the goals of the system was to correct the wrong done to victims due to their lack of previous involvement, thus giving crime victims what they “naturally desire.” Employing Malcolm Feeley’s analytical framework to make sense of planned legal change, this Article shows that the new system emerged against the background of a combination of international trends: victim activism and public perceptions of crime getting out of hand. It finds that for reasons that are not well understood, only …

Assessing The Direct And Indirect Impact Of Citizen Participation In Serious Criminal Trials In Japan, Matthew J. Wilson

Washington International Law Journal

In Japan, the idea of citizen involvement in the judicial process has gained greater acceptance over the past decade. On May 21, 2009, Japan implemented its saiban’in seido or “lay judge system” as part of monumental legal reforms designed to encourage civic engagement, enhance transparency, and provide greater access to the justice system. About eight years before this historic day, a special governmental committee known as the Justice System Reform Council (“JSRC”) set forth wide-sweeping recommendations for revamping Japan’s judicial system. The underlying goals targeted three pillars of fundamental reform, namely: (i) a justice system that is “easier to use, …

The Financial Crisis As A Religious Crisis, Robert H. Nelson

Journal of International Business and Law

Among the important factors in the financial crisis of 2008 and 2009 was a large ethical breakdown in the financial sector that preceded it. The sources of good ethical behavior are multiple but religion ranks high among them. In thinking about the role of religion, most people think first of Judaism, Christianity and other traditional religions. The concept of religion should be extended, however, to include "secular religions" which were among the most powerful religious influences of the twentieth century. This paper argues that many people on Wall Street once believed in an American "civil religion" that was grounded in …

East Asian Court Reform On Trial: Comments On The Contributions, Malcolm M. Feeley

Washington International Law Journal

I am honored to have my book, Court Reform on Trial: Why Simple Solutions Fail, serve as the organizing framework for this symposium. The enterprise has proven valuable as it provided a reason to assemble a set of articles that focus on important changes in Asian courts in recent decades. Further, it appears that the reforms in three of the countries are loosely related to each other. While Japan had a head start on judicial reforms, both Korea and Taiwan embarked on the same path as soon as they had shed authoritarian rule. China has pursued a more ambitious …

Advance Toward "People's Court" In South Korea, Yong Chul Park

Washington International Law Journal

Since 2008, criminal jury trials have been implemented in South Korea with the Citizen Participation in Criminal Trials Act. Under the Act, defendants have the option to choose a jury trial over a bench trial, although jury verdicts, as well as sentencing opinions rendered by a jury, are not binding on the court pursuant to Article 46(2) of the Act. While Korea’s adoption of a criminal jury trial was an ambitious move toward judicial reform, it has faced serious obstacles and has had limited influence over the Korean judicial system. In this Article, I use the five stages of planned …

Introduction Of Videotaping Of Interrogations And The Lessons Of The Imaichi Case: A Case Of Conventional Criminal Justice Policy-Making In Japan, Setsuo Miyazawa, Mari Hirayama

Washington International Law Journal

Malcolm M. Feeley examined cases of criminal justice reform in the United States, where reforms can be conceived and initiated in a very open structure, but implementation of the introduced reforms can be handed over to highly fragmented implementers. The story of mandatory videotaping of interrogations and accompanying changes in Japan demonstrates the reform process at the other end of the scale, where the members of the criminal justice establishment can exert a strong influence even at the conception and initiation stages, and have even stronger control at the implementation and routinization stages. We believe that Feeley’s theoretical framework can …

Delaying The Start Of Iron Until 28 Days After Antimalarial Treatment Is Associated With Lower Incidence Of Subsequent Illness In Children With Malaria And Iron Deficiency., Ericka Jaramillo, Ezekiel Mupere, Robert Opoka, James Hodges, Troy Lund, Michael Georgieff, Chandy John, Sarah Cusick

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

We evaluated the incidence of all-cause and malaria-specific clinic visits during follow-up of a recent trial of iron therapy. In the main trial, Ugandan children 6–59 months with smearconfirmed malaria and iron deficiency [zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP > = 80 μmol/mol heme)] were treated for malaria and randomized to start a 27-day course of oral iron concurrently with (immediate group) or 28 days after (delayed group) antimalarial treatment. All children were followed for the same 56-day period starting at the time of antimalarial treatment (Day 0) and underwent passive and active surveillance for malaria and other morbidity for the entire follow-up period. …

Deconstructing The Ivorian Vestimentary Traditions: New Fashion, Contemporary Beauty And New Identity In Marguerite Abouet And Clément Oubrerie’S Aya De Yopougon, Richard Oko Ajah, Letitia Egege

Wagadu: A Journal of Transnational Women's & Gender Studies

This paper adopts an eclectic framework of semiotic, postmodern and postcolonial theories to interpret the representations of dressing as an aesthetic activity in Aya de Yopougon 1-3 and to investigate how Yopougon dwellers use their fashion sense to establish both a group identity and a form of everyday resistance. Characters’ bodies are remade, through dressing, to contain emotive qualities and to play symbolic functions with their everyday choice of dress. Their sartorial obsession is supported by psychic inferiority and pop culture; all characters engage in “disciplinary practices” for the clothing culture of their bodies that are ornamented surfaces for display.

Criminal Court Reform In Taiwan: A Case Of Fragmented Reform In A Not-Fragmented Court System, Kai-Ping Su

Washington International Law Journal

This Article examines the character of Taiwan’s criminal court system and proposed court reforms. Taiwan’s criminal court is a not-fragmented system, distinct from the fragmented American criminal court. In fact, with hierarchical control in prosecutorial rulings and central administration of judicial decision-making, Taiwan’s criminal court system can be deemed a relatively centralized and bureaucratic organization. Given this context, when Taiwan’s criminal justice system disappoints the people, judges take the blame for the failures of the system. To resolve the serious problem of public distrust in judges and the court system, Taiwan’s government and the judicial authority make “responding to expectations …

Jurisdiction Over Jihid: Islamic Law And The Duty To Fight, Adnan A. Zulfiqar

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Utah V. Strieff: Lemonade Stands And Dragnet Policing, Guy Padula

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Between Description And Prescription: Law, Wittgenstein, And Constitutional Faith, Gregory Brazeal

West Virginia Law Review

The occasions on which ajudge or legal scholar has peered into the depths of the Constitution and found, to her surprise, that the Constitutionrequiresthe opposite ofher ideologicalpreferences, are extremely rare. Yetjudges andscholarscontinuetopresenttheirconclusionsastheproduct ofideologicallyneutralreasoning,while often criticizingthe ideologicalbiasin thereasoningoftheiropponents.A Wittgensteinianperspectiveonthenatureof legaldiscoursecanshed lighton thispuzzlinglypersistentstateofaffairs. Legal discourse, includingconstitutionalargument, is partly defined by the blending ofdescriptive reasoningabout what the law is with prescriptivereasoningabout what the law ought to be. To reach a legal conclusion based on a blend of descriptiveandprescriptivereasoning,andtophrasethis conclusion aspurely descriptive, as legal actors habitually do, is not to violate the rules of legal discourse, but to abide by them. Taking this conception …

Getting Steamy With Property Law: Are Geothermal Resources A Mineral Right In West Virginia?, Joshua A. Lanham

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Ebolamania And Equal Protection Of Health Care Workers Under Rational Basis With Bite Review, Jennifer Jolly-Ryan

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Adaptive Mating Memory: Attractiveness And Contextual Effect On The Remembering And Misremembering Of Potential Mates’ Faces, Peter Kay Chai Tay

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

Research on adaptive memory demonstrates that words and objects are remembered better if they are evaluated in relation to their survival or reproductive fitness value. Using the error management theory as a framework to elucidate memory biases emerging from adaptive costs and benefits, the present research examined if memory is enhanced for faces of potential mates (i.e., opposite sex individuals) in an ancestral context when the facial attractiveness and the observer’s short-term mating motive were also considered (i.e., Adaptive mating memory). In two studies, participant read scenarios depicting survival threats, mating, or modern environment, and were told to rate a …

Trends In Spinal Surgery For Pott's Disease (2000-2016): An Overview And Bibliometric Study., Christian Fisahn, Fernando Alonso, Ghazwan A Hasan, R Shane Tubbs, Joseph R Dettori, Thomas A Schildhauer, Tarush Rustagi

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Study Design: Systematic review.

Objectives: (1) What are the surgical indications? Have they changed over time since the year 2000? (2) What is the current surgical approaches of choice? Have they changed over time since the year 2000? Do they vary by geographical region? (3) What are the most common outcome measures following surgery?

Methods: Electronic databases and reference lists of key articles were searched from database inception from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2016 to identify studies specifically evaluating surgical indications, current surgical approaches, and outcome measures for spinal tuberculosis.

Results: Six randomized controlled trials were identified from …

Effects Of Edible Coating On The Sensory And Physiochemical Properties Of Roasted Coffee Beans Stored At Ambient Temperature, Tuan Quoc Le

Manipal Journal of Science and Technology

Roasted coffee beans during industrialized processing are difficult to retain volatile compounds and flavour. Several methods, especially edible coating have been studied and used widely in the world, while applications for Vietnamese coffee beans are still limited. In this study, the effects of edible coating with xanthan gum at different concentrations, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% (w/v) on sensory and physiochemical properties of two major types of coffee, Robusta and Arabica were investigated. The results presented the positive effects on the sensory and physiochemical properties of both two types of coffee during 30-day-storage at ambient temperature. The hardness, pH value, moisture …

Impact Assessment Of Sewage Sludge To Ecological Environment, Thanh Tran

Manipal Journal of Science and Technology

Sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plants in Vietnam is facing a difficulty due to the significant increase of the volume of discharge to landfill and its impacts on environment. There have been many articles about the odour impact on people living around Binh Hung wastewater treatment plant; however, there is no clear research on the impact, when sewage sludge is discharged directly into the environment. This study was implemented with the change of sludge concentration and environmental conditions to assess the impact of mud through analytical ability to germinate and grow height of cucumber. Results showed that the ratio of …

Effect Of Stress Concentration Factor On Threaded Hole Under Different Loading Conditions Using Transfer Functions, Sharnappa Joladarashi

Manipal Journal of Science and Technology

Bolted joint is most widely used in assembling parts and joining various sections. In simulations, which include large models like jet engines, gas turbines, aviation structures, etc., where bolted joints are used in large numbers, modelling the threads for bolts and holes is computational expensive. To reduce the associated complexities of modelling actual threads, alternative models of representation are used. A bolted joint is influenced by different combinations of forces depending on the model and its function. Stress concentration factor of threaded hole for various load cases using static structural analysis in ANSYS is studied. Simplified modelling techniques are simulated …

Eigen-Based Offline Handwritten Digit Recognition Using Multi-Layer Perceptron, Muralikrishna S N

Manipal Journal of Science and Technology

Offline handwritten digit recognition is one of the important tasks in pattern recognition, which is being addressed for several decades. The application of digit recognition lies majorly in areas like postal mail sorting, bank check processing, form data entry, etc. In recent years, research in this area focusses on improving the accuracy and speed of the recognition systems. Many algorithms have been proposed that achieve high recognition rates. In this paper, we propose a highly accurate and fast method using an artificial neural network. Also, we bring out a comparative study of Kirsch directional feature versus the Eigen-based method using …

Vol. 40 No. 3 (2017): Pacific Studies Front Matter, The Jonathan Nāpela Center For Hawaiian And Pacific Islands Studies

Pacific Studies

Front Matter for the Vol. 40, No 3-Dec 2017 edition of the Pacific Studies Journal.

Degree And Neighborhood Conditions For Hamiltonicity Of Claw-Free Graphs, Zhi-Hong Chen

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

For a graph H , let σ t ( H ) = min { Σ i = 1 t d H ( v i ) | { v 1 , v 2 , … , v t } is an independent set in H } and let U t ( H ) = min { | ⋃ i = 1 t N H ( v i ) | | { v 1 , v 2 , ⋯ , v t } is an independent set in H } . We show that for a given number ϵ and given integers …

Evaluation Of Opportunities And Challenges Of Using Inrix Data For Real-Time Performance Monitoring And Historical Trend Assessment, Anuj Sharma, Vesal Ahsani, Sandeep Rawat

Nebraska Department of Transportation: Research Reports

In recent years there has been a growing desire for the use of probe vehicle technology for congestion detection and general infrastructure performance assessment. Unlike costly traditional data collection by loop detectors, wide-area detection using probe-sourced traffic data is significantly different in terms of measurement technique, pricing, coverage, etc. This affects how the new technology is applied and used to solve current traffic problems such as traffic incident management and roadway performance assessment. This report summarizes the experiences and lessons learned while using probe data for traffic operations and safety management in the state of Nebraska and makes recommendations for …

Ancient Amazonian Populations Left Lasting Impacts On Forest Structure, Michael W. Palace, C. N. H. Mcmichael, Bobby H. Braswell, S. C. Hagen, M. B. Bush, E. Neves, E. Tamanaha, Christina Herrick, Stephen E. Frolking

All Materials

Amazonia contains a vast expanse of contiguous tropical forest and is influential in global carbon and hydrological cycles. Whether ancient Amazonia was highly disturbed or modestly impacted, and how ancient disturbances have shaped current forest ecosystem processes, is still under debate. Amazonian Dark Earths (ADEs), which are anthropic soil types with enriched nutrient levels, are one of the primary lines of evidence for ancient human presence and landscape modifications in settings that mostly lack stone structures and which are today covered by vegetation. We assessed the potential of using moderate spatial resolution optical satellite imagery to predict ADEs across the …

Family History Of Kelsie Mart, Kelsie Mart

Your Family in History: HIST 550/700

The purpose of this research paper was to use information given to me by relatives, as well as information that was found on familysearch, to get a family history written with information regarding my family and their history. Using the familysearch source, I was able to find important dates, census reports from many years ago, different documents and family stories, marriage and death records, and much more valuable information that helped to create this PDF. This paper has information over my family that was not known to me before and using the sources and hearing the stories I did, I …

Why Michigan V. Epa Requires That The Meaning Of The Cost/Rationality Nexus Be Clarified, Daniele Bertolini, Carolina Arlota

Fordham Environmental Law Review

This article examines the recent decision in Michigan v. EPA, in which the U.S. Supreme Court held that the EPA acted unreasonably in not considering costs at the listing phase of the regulation of power plants’ emissions under a specific provision of the Clear Air Act (CAA). In Michigan, the Court interpreted the applicable statutory provision based on the principles of rational administrative decision-making, thereby establishing a connection between cost consideration by administrative agencies and the principles of reasonable exercise of administrative discretion. We contend that Michigan failed to properly appreciate the logical and axiological connection between cost …

Blueprint For Survival: A New Paradigm For International Environmental Emergencies, Claire Wright

Fordham Environmental Law Review

No abstract provided.

Communique, December 2017, Tennessee Health Facilities Commission

2017

This periodical is the monthly publication of the Health Services and Development Agency.

The Antitrusting Of Patentability, Saurabh Vishnubhakat

Seton Hall Law Review

No abstract provided.

Technically Bankrupt, Brook E. Gotberg

Seton Hall Law Review

No abstract provided.