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2017

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Articles 22651 - 22680 of 30195

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Comparison Of Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy With Oral Hygiene Instruction Alone For Chronic Periodontitis, M. Asad, A.W.A. Aziz, R.P.C. Raman, W.H. Himratul-Aznita, T.B.T. Ali, K. Chinna, R.D. Vaithilingam Jan 2017

Comparison Of Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy With Oral Hygiene Instruction Alone For Chronic Periodontitis, M. Asad, A.W.A. Aziz, R.P.C. Raman, W.H. Himratul-Aznita, T.B.T. Ali, K. Chinna, R.D. Vaithilingam

Research Publications (2016 to 2020)

We evaluated changes in clinical variables and microbiological profiles of periodontopathogens among 56 patients with moderate to severe CP who were randomly assigned to oral hygiene instruction (OHI; n = 28) or nonsurgical periodontal treatment (NSPT; n = 28). Periodontal variables were assessed and subgingival plaque samples were obtained from deep pockets (>5 mm) at baseline and 3 months after treatment. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to quantify Actinobacillus actinomycetemcornitans, Tannerella forsythia, Porphyrotnonas gingivalis, and Prevotella intermedia. All clinical variables significantly improved in both groups. Improvements in gingival bleeding index (GBI), probing pocket depth (PPD), and periodontal attachment …

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Concentration And Time Dependent Cytotoxic Effect Of Methanolic Crude Extracts Of Pseuduvaria Macrophylla On The Human Cancer Cell Line, A. Aziz, A.B. Zulkiflee, F.Z.M. Yusof Jan 2017

Concentration And Time Dependent Cytotoxic Effect Of Methanolic Crude Extracts Of Pseuduvaria Macrophylla On The Human Cancer Cell Line, A. Aziz, A.B. Zulkiflee, F.Z.M. Yusof

Research Publications (2016 to 2020)

The previous study demonstrated promising anti-cancer potential in methanolic crude extracts using single concentration, especially on breast cancer cells under 24 hours treatment. The present study investigates the effective concentration of bark and leaf methanolic extract on MCF-7 breast cancer cell line under 48 and 72 hours of treatment. The method employed was MTT assay to determine the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of both extracts at different concentration under 48 & 72 hours of treatment. The IC50 was obtained by plotting the concentration (μg/mL) versus the percentage of inhibition of each extract. The MCF7 cell line had decreased response …

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Correlation Between Numbers Of Cells In Human Dental Pulp And Age: Implications For Age Estimation, Mohammad Zakir Hossain, S. Daud, Phrabhakaran Nambiar, Fathilah Abdul Razak, N. Ab-Murat, R. Saub, Marina Mohd Bakri Jan 2017

Correlation Between Numbers Of Cells In Human Dental Pulp And Age: Implications For Age Estimation, Mohammad Zakir Hossain, S. Daud, Phrabhakaran Nambiar, Fathilah Abdul Razak, N. Ab-Murat, R. Saub, Marina Mohd Bakri

Research Publications (2016 to 2020)

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate correlations between dental pulp cell count of odontoblasts, subodontoblasts and fibroblasts and age, within different age groups. Formulation of regression equations using the dental pulp cell count for predicting age was attempted. Design: Eighty-one extracted teeth were grouped into two age groups (6-25 years, 26-80 years). The teeth were demineralized and histological sections were prepared for cell count. Regression equations were generated from regression analysis of cell count and tested for age estimation. Results: The number of dental pulp cells were found to increase until around the third decade of life …

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Development Of Frequency Based Taste Receptors Using Bioinspired Glucose Nanobiosensor, A. Termehyousefi, K. Tateno, S. Bagheri, H. Tanaka Jan 2017

Development Of Frequency Based Taste Receptors Using Bioinspired Glucose Nanobiosensor, A. Termehyousefi, K. Tateno, S. Bagheri, H. Tanaka

Research Publications (2016 to 2020)

A method to fabricate a bioinspired nanobiosensor using electronic-based artificial taste receptors for glucose diagnosis is presented. Fabricated bioinspired glucose nanobiosensor designated based on an artificial taste bud including an amperometric glucose biosensor and taste bud-inspired circuits. In fact, the design of the taste bud-inspired circuits was inspired by the signal-processing mechanism of taste nerves which involves two layers. The first, known as a type II cell, detects the glucose by glucose oxidase and transduces the current signal obtained for the pulse pattern is conducted to the second layer, called type III cell, to induce synchronisation of the neural spiking …

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Differential Analysis Of Genetic, Epigenetic, And Cytogenetic Abnormalities In Aml, M. Islam, Z. Mohamed, Y. Assenov Jan 2017

Differential Analysis Of Genetic, Epigenetic, And Cytogenetic Abnormalities In Aml, M. Islam, Z. Mohamed, Y. Assenov

Research Publications (2016 to 2020)

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a haematological malignancy characterized by the excessive proliferation of immature myeloid cells coupled with impaired differentiation. Many AML cases have been reported without any known cytogenetic abnormalities and carry no mutation in known AML-associated driver genes. In this study, 200 AML cases were selected from a publicly available cohort and differentially analyzed for genetic, epigenetic, and cytogenetic abnormalities. Three genes (FLT3, DNMT3A, and NPMc) are found to be predominantly mutated. We identified several aberrations to be associated with genome-wide methylation changes. These include Del (5q), T (15; 17), and NPMc mutations. Four aberrations—Del (5q), T …

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Distinct Biological Potential Of Streptococcus Gordonii And Streptococcus Sanguinis Revealed By Comparative Genome Analysis, W. Zheng, M.F. Tan, L.A. Old, I.C. Paterson, N.S. Jakubovics, S.W. Choo Jan 2017

Distinct Biological Potential Of Streptococcus Gordonii And Streptococcus Sanguinis Revealed By Comparative Genome Analysis, W. Zheng, M.F. Tan, L.A. Old, I.C. Paterson, N.S. Jakubovics, S.W. Choo

Research Publications (2016 to 2020)

Streptococcus gordonii and Streptococcus sanguinis are pioneer colonizers of dental plaque and important agents of bacterial infective endocarditis (IE). To gain a greater understanding of these two closely related species, we performed comparative analyses on 14 new S. gordonii and 5 S. sanguinis strains using various bioinformatics approaches. We revealed S. gordonii and S. sanguinis harbor open pan-genomes and share generally high sequence homology and number of core genes including virulence genes. However, we observed subtle differences in genomic islands and prophages between the species. Comparative pathogenomics analysis identified S. sanguinis strains have genes encoding IgA proteases, mitogenic factor deoxyribonucleases, …

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Distinct Biological Potential Of Streptococcus Gordonii And Streptococcus Sanguinis Revealed By Comparative Genome Analysis, W. Zheng, M.F. Tan, L.A. Old, I.C. Paterson, N.S. Jakubovics, S.W. Choo Jan 2017

Distinct Biological Potential Of Streptococcus Gordonii And Streptococcus Sanguinis Revealed By Comparative Genome Analysis, W. Zheng, M.F. Tan, L.A. Old, I.C. Paterson, N.S. Jakubovics, S.W. Choo

Research Publications (2016 to 2020)

Streptococcus gordonii and Streptococcus sanguinis are pioneer colonizers of dental plaque and important agents of bacterial infective endocarditis (IE). To gain a greater understanding of these two closely related species, we performed comparative analyses on 14 new S. gordonii and 5 S. sanguinis strains using various bioinformatics approaches. We revealed S. gordonii and S. sanguinis harbor open pan-genomes and share generally high sequence homology and number of core genes including virulence genes. However, we observed subtle differences in genomic islands and prophages between the species. Comparative pathogenomics analysis identified S. sanguinis strains have genes encoding IgA proteases, mitogenic factor deoxyribonucleases, …

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Dystrophin Gene Expression And Intracellular Calcium Changes In The Giant Freshwater Prawn, Macrobrachium Rosenbergii , In Response To White Spot Symptom Disease Infection, A.F. Noor, T.C.C. Soo, F.M. Ghani, Z.H. Goh, L.T. Khoo, S. Bhassu Jan 2017

Dystrophin Gene Expression And Intracellular Calcium Changes In The Giant Freshwater Prawn, Macrobrachium Rosenbergii , In Response To White Spot Symptom Disease Infection, A.F. Noor, T.C.C. Soo, F.M. Ghani, Z.H. Goh, L.T. Khoo, S. Bhassu

Research Publications (2016 to 2020)

Background Dystrophin, an essential protein functional in the maintenance of muscle structural integrity is known to be responsible for muscle deterioration during white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection among prawn species. Previous studies have shown the upregulation of dystrophin protein in Macrobrachium rosenbergii (the giant freshwater prawn) upon white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection. The literature has also suggested the important role of calcium ion alterations in causing such muscle diseases. Thus, the interest of this study lies within the linkage between dystrophin functioning, intracellular calcium and white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection condition. Methods In this study, the dystrophin …

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Effect Of Ferrule Height And Post Length On Mechanical Stress And Displacement Of Endodontically Treated Maxillary Central Incisor: A Finite Element Analysis, M.I. Ishak, A.A. Shafi, M.R.A. Kadir, E. Sulaiman Jan 2017

Effect Of Ferrule Height And Post Length On Mechanical Stress And Displacement Of Endodontically Treated Maxillary Central Incisor: A Finite Element Analysis, M.I. Ishak, A.A. Shafi, M.R.A. Kadir, E. Sulaiman

Research Publications (2016 to 2020)

xThe successful of endodontic treatment for patients suffering with root canal problems is mainly dependent on several factors such as design, material and length of the post and ferrule. The survival of maxillary central incisor after root canal treatment is mainly associated with the behavior of the dental post implant embedded in the teeth that acts as a replacement of the pulp. There are few consensuses found on the effect of ferrule height and post length with regard to the mechanical assessments of endodontically treated maxillary central incisors through numerical analysis. Through this study, dental posts with different lengths-11, 13.5 …

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Effect Of Nonsurgical Periodontal Treatment On Clinical Periodontal Variables And Salivary Resistin Levels In Obese Asians, Z. Akram, N.A. Baharuddin, R.D. Vaithilingam, Z.H.A. Rahim, K. Chinna, V.G. Krishna, R. Saub, S.H. Safii Jan 2017

Effect Of Nonsurgical Periodontal Treatment On Clinical Periodontal Variables And Salivary Resistin Levels In Obese Asians, Z. Akram, N.A. Baharuddin, R.D. Vaithilingam, Z.H.A. Rahim, K. Chinna, V.G. Krishna, R. Saub, S.H. Safii

Research Publications (2016 to 2020)

This study investigated changes in periodontal outcomes after nonsurgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) and evaluated associations of change in salivary resistin level with periodontal outcomes in obese Malaysians with chronic periodontitis. Sixty-two obese adults with chronic periodontitis were randomly divided into a test group (n = 31), which received NSPT, and a control group (n = 31), which received no treatment. Plaque score (PS), gingival bleeding index (GBI), probing pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment loss (CAL) were measured at baseline and at 6 and 12 weeks after NSPT. Salivary resistin levels were evaluated by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. PS …

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Electrical Energy Per Order Determination For The Removal Pollutant From Industrial Wastewater Using Uv/Fe 2+ /H 2 O 2 Process: Optimization By Response Surface Methodology, P. Asaithambi, E. Alemayehu, B. Sajjadi, Abdul Aziz Abdul Raman Jan 2017

Electrical Energy Per Order Determination For The Removal Pollutant From Industrial Wastewater Using Uv/Fe 2+ /H 2 O 2 Process: Optimization By Response Surface Methodology, P. Asaithambi, E. Alemayehu, B. Sajjadi, Abdul Aziz Abdul Raman

Research Publications (2016 to 2020)

Comparison of UV, H2O2, Fe2+, UV/H2O2, UV/Fe2+, Fe2+/H2O2 and UV/Fe2+/H2O2 processes for the removal of percentage color, COD and electrical energy per order from the effluent distillery industry. The results showed that, UV/Fe2+/H2O2 process yield higher percentage color and COD removal with low electrical energy per order than UV, UV/H2O2, UV/Fe2+ process. To obtain the UV/Fe2+/H2O2 process performance by operating various parameters on the percentage color and COD removal using response surface methodology. A Regression quadratic model describing the percentage color and COD removal efficiency of UV/Fe2+/H2O2 process were developed and validate by analysis of variance. Experimental results showed that, …

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Engine-Compatible Biodiesel From Leucaena Leucocephala Seed Oil, M.I. Hakimi, - Khalilullah, F. Goembira, Zul Ilham Jan 2017

Engine-Compatible Biodiesel From Leucaena Leucocephala Seed Oil, M.I. Hakimi, - Khalilullah, F. Goembira, Zul Ilham

Research Publications (2016 to 2020)

Leucaena leucocephala (petai belalang) seed oil has been studied previously as a feedstock for biodiesel but no study describes its fuel properties for use in diesel engine. In this study, hexane was used to extract oil from the seeds of Leucaena leucocephala in a Soxhlet apparatus. Chemical properties of the oil were then analysed which demonstrated a relatively high FFA content of 6.0wt%, requiring the two-step method for biodiesel production through an acid-catalyzed esterification followed by alkali-catalyzed transesterification. Physico-chemical properties of the processed biodiesel such as triglyceride, diglyceride, monoglyceride, free glycerol, methanol content, ester content, carbon residue, acid value, oxidation …

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Enhancement Of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Chondrogenesis With Short-Term Low Intensity Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields, D. Parate, A. Franco-Obregón, J. Fröhlich, C. Beyer, A.A. Abbas, Tunku Kamarul, J.H.P. Hui, Z. Yang Jan 2017

Enhancement Of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Chondrogenesis With Short-Term Low Intensity Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields, D. Parate, A. Franco-Obregón, J. Fröhlich, C. Beyer, A.A. Abbas, Tunku Kamarul, J.H.P. Hui, Z. Yang

Research Publications (2016 to 2020)

Pulse electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) have been shown to recruit calcium-signaling cascades common to chondrogenesis. Here we document the effects of specified PEMF parameters over mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) chondrogenic differentiation. MSCs undergoing chondrogenesis are preferentially responsive to an electromagnetic efficacy window defined by field amplitude, duration and frequency of exposure. Contrary to conventional practice of administering prolonged and repetitive exposures to PEMFs, optimal chondrogenic outcome is achieved in response to brief (10 minutes), low intensity (2 mT) exposure to 6 ms bursts of magnetic pulses, at 15 Hz, administered only once at the onset of chondrogenic induction. By contrast, repeated …

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Enhancement Of Power Output By Using Alginate Immobilized Algae In Biophotovoltaic Devices, Fong Lee Ng, Siew Moi Phang, Vengadesh Periasamy, Kamran Yunus, Adrian C. Fisher Jan 2017

Enhancement Of Power Output By Using Alginate Immobilized Algae In Biophotovoltaic Devices, Fong Lee Ng, Siew Moi Phang, Vengadesh Periasamy, Kamran Yunus, Adrian C. Fisher

Research Publications (2016 to 2020)

We report for the first time a photosynthetically active algae immobilized in alginate gel within a fuel cell design for generation of bioelectricity. The algal-alginate biofilm was utilized within a biophotovoltaics (BPV) device developed for direct bioelectricity generation from photosynthesis. A peak power output of 0.289 mWm-2 with an increase of 18% in power output compared to conventional suspension culture BPV device was observed. The increase in maximum power density was correlated to the maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRm). The semi-dry type of photosynthetically active biofilm proposed in this work may offer significantly improved performances in terms of fuel …

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Exome Sequencing Identifies Potentially Druggable Mutations In Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Y.P. Chow, L.P. Tan, S.J. Chai, N. Abdul Aziz, S.W. Choo, P.V.H. Lim, R. Pathmanathan, N.K. Mohd Kornain, C.L. Lum, K.C. Pua, Y.Y. Yap, T.Y. Tan, S.H. Teo, A.S.B. Khoo, V. Patel Jan 2017

Exome Sequencing Identifies Potentially Druggable Mutations In Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Y.P. Chow, L.P. Tan, S.J. Chai, N. Abdul Aziz, S.W. Choo, P.V.H. Lim, R. Pathmanathan, N.K. Mohd Kornain, C.L. Lum, K.C. Pua, Y.Y. Yap, T.Y. Tan, S.H. Teo, A.S.B. Khoo, V. Patel

Research Publications (2016 to 2020)

In this study, we first performed whole exome sequencing of DNA from 10 untreated and clinically annotated fresh frozen nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) biopsies and matched bloods to identify somatically mutated genes that may be amenable to targeted therapeutic strategies. We identified a total of 323 mutations which were either non-synonymous (n = 238) or synonymous (n = 85). Furthermore, our analysis revealed genes in key cancer pathways (DNA repair, cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, immune response, lipid signaling) were mutated, of which those in the lipid-signaling pathway were the most enriched. We next extended our analysis on a prioritized sub-set of …

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First Evidence For Temporary And Permanent Adhesive Systems In The Stalked Barnacle Cyprid, Octolasmis Angulata, F.C. Yap, W.L. Wong, A.G. Maule, G.P. Brennan, V.C. Chong, S.L.H. Lim Jan 2017

First Evidence For Temporary And Permanent Adhesive Systems In The Stalked Barnacle Cyprid, Octolasmis Angulata, F.C. Yap, W.L. Wong, A.G. Maule, G.P. Brennan, V.C. Chong, S.L.H. Lim

Research Publications (2016 to 2020)

Although there have been extensive studies on the larval adhesion of acorn barnacles over the past few decades, little is known about stalked barnacles. For the first time, we describe the larval adhesive systems in the stalked barnacle, Octolasmis angulata and the findings differ from previous reports of the temporary (antennulary) and cement glands in thoracican barnacles. We have found that the temporary adhesives of cyprid are produced by the clustered temporary adhesive glands located within the mantle, instead of the specialised hypodermal glands in the second antennular segment as reported in the acorn barnacles. The temporary adhesive secretory vesicles …

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Floricoccus Tropicus Gen. Nov., Sp. Nov. And Floricoccus Penangensis Sp. Nov. Isolated From Fresh Flowers Of Durian Tree And Hibiscus, L.O. Chuah, K.P. Yap, S.S. Ahamed Kamal, Kwai Lin Thong, R. Ahmad, M.T. Liong, G. Rusul Jan 2017

Floricoccus Tropicus Gen. Nov., Sp. Nov. And Floricoccus Penangensis Sp. Nov. Isolated From Fresh Flowers Of Durian Tree And Hibiscus, L.O. Chuah, K.P. Yap, S.S. Ahamed Kamal, Kwai Lin Thong, R. Ahmad, M.T. Liong, G. Rusul

Research Publications (2016 to 2020)

Three strains of Gram-staining-positive, coccus-shaped, lactic acid bacteria, designated as HibF3T, HibF2 and HibF5 were isolated from fresh flowers of hibiscus, and a fourth, DF1T, was isolated from fresh flowers of durian tree, in Penang, Malaysia. Taxonomic characterisation was performed by polyphasic analysis. Sequence similarities of the 16S rRNA gene and the housekeeping rpoA and pheS genes of these strains with their closely-related lactococcal and streptococcal relatives were 92–94, 78 and 81 %, respectively. The results of phylogenetic analysis indicated that strains DF1T, HibF2, HibF5 and HibF3T were clustered together but were clearly separated from species of the genera Streptococcus …

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Genome Wide Profiling In Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Identifies A Four Genetic Marker Signature Of Prognostic Significance, V.K. Vincent-Chong, I. Salahshourifar, K.M. Woo, A. Anwar, R. Razali, R. Gudimella, Z.A.A. Rahman, S.M. Ismail, T.G. Kallarakkal, A. Ramanathan, W.M.W. Mustafa, M.T. Abraham, K.K. Tay, R.B. Zain Jan 2017

Genome Wide Profiling In Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Identifies A Four Genetic Marker Signature Of Prognostic Significance, V.K. Vincent-Chong, I. Salahshourifar, K.M. Woo, A. Anwar, R. Razali, R. Gudimella, Z.A.A. Rahman, S.M. Ismail, T.G. Kallarakkal, A. Ramanathan, W.M.W. Mustafa, M.T. Abraham, K.K. Tay, R.B. Zain

Research Publications (2016 to 2020)

Background Cancers of the oral cavity are primarily oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs). Many of the OSCCs present at late stages with an exceptionally poor prognosis. A probable limitation in management of patients with OSCC lies in the insufficient knowledge pertaining to the linkage between copy number alterations in OSCC and oral tumourigenesis thereby resulting in an inability to deliver targeted therapy. Objectives The current study aimed to identify copy number alterations (CNAs) in OSCC using array comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) and to correlate the CNAs with clinico-pathologic parameters and clinical outcomes. Materials and methods Using array CGH, genome-wide …

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Genomic Selection In Commercial Perennial Crops: Applicability And Improvement In Oil Palm (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.), Q.B. Kwong, A.L. Ong, C.K. Teh, F.T. Chew, M. Tammi, S. Mayes, H. Kulaveerasingam, H.S. Yeoh, J.A. Harikrishna, D.R. Appleton Jan 2017

Genomic Selection In Commercial Perennial Crops: Applicability And Improvement In Oil Palm (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.), Q.B. Kwong, A.L. Ong, C.K. Teh, F.T. Chew, M. Tammi, S. Mayes, H. Kulaveerasingam, H.S. Yeoh, J.A. Harikrishna, D.R. Appleton

Research Publications (2016 to 2020)

Genomic selection (GS) uses genome-wide markers to select individuals with the desired overall combination of breeding traits. A total of 1,218 individuals from a commercial population of Ulu Remis x AVROS (UR x AVROS) were genotyped using the OP200K array. The traits of interest included: Shell-to-fruit ratio (S/F, %), mesocarp-to-fruit ratio (M/F, %), kernel-to-fruit ratio (K/F, %), fruit per bunch (F/B, %), oil per bunch (O/B, %) and oil per palm (O/P, kg/palm/year). Genomic heritabilities of these traits were estimated to be in the range of 0.40 to 0.80. GS methods assessed were RR-BLUP, Bayes A (BA), CÏ € (BC), …

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Geographical Distribution Of Brucella Melitensis Inferred From Rpob Gene Variation, K.K. Tan, Y.C. Tan, L.Y. Chang, K.W. Lee, S.S. Nor'e, W.Y. Yee, C.C. Hoh, Sazaly Abubakar Jan 2017

Geographical Distribution Of Brucella Melitensis Inferred From Rpob Gene Variation, K.K. Tan, Y.C. Tan, L.Y. Chang, K.W. Lee, S.S. Nor'e, W.Y. Yee, C.C. Hoh, Sazaly Abubakar

Research Publications (2016 to 2020)

Introduction: Currently available tests have limitations for the identification of Brucella species and strains, and their genetic lineage. The genome sequence of the rpoB gene encoding the β-subunit of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase was investigated for its use in genotyping Brucella melitensis. Methodology: Complete rpoB gene sequences of globally distributed Brucella melitensis strains were analyzed. Single nucleotides polymorphisms (SNPs) of the rpoB gene sequences were identified and used to type Brucella melitensis strains. Results: Six DNA polymorphisms were identified, of which two (nucleotides 3201 and 558) were novel. Analysis of the geographical distribution of the strains revealed a spatial clustering pattern …

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Host-Adaptation Of Burkholderia Pseudomallei Alters Metabolism And Virulence: A Global Proteome Analysis, V. Mariappan, K.M. Vellasamy, J. Vadivelu Jan 2017

Host-Adaptation Of Burkholderia Pseudomallei Alters Metabolism And Virulence: A Global Proteome Analysis, V. Mariappan, K.M. Vellasamy, J. Vadivelu

Research Publications (2016 to 2020)

Little is known about the evolution, adaptation and pathogenesis of Burkholderia pseudomallei within host during acute melioidosis infection. Melioidosis is a potential life threatening disease contracted through inhalation, ingestion, inoculation or direct entry of the organism into the blood stream via wounds or skin abrasions from contaminated soil and water. Environmental B. pseudomallei strain (Bp MARAN ), isolated during a melioidosis outbreak in Pahang, Malaysia was injected intra-peritoneally into a mouse and passaged strain was recovered from spleen (Bpmouse-adapted). A gel-based comparative proteomics profiling approach was used, to map and identify differentially expressed proteins (fold-change ≥ 2; p-value ≤ 0.05) …

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Issues On Halal Meat In Malaysian And Indonesian Markets, M.A. Ramli, A. Salahudin, M.I.A. Razak, M.A.H. Idris, M.I.S. Zulkepli Jan 2017

Issues On Halal Meat In Malaysian And Indonesian Markets, M.A. Ramli, A. Salahudin, M.I.A. Razak, M.A.H. Idris, M.I.S. Zulkepli

Research Publications (2016 to 2020)

In recent years, interest in meat issues and research has increased. Many consumers are concerned about the meat they eat because it's a main source of protein in a daily consumption. However in issues pertaining with meat, halal and safety are a vital focus for Muslim consumer, especially in Southeast Asia region. Some of the related issues in halal and safety meat are criminal and terrorist activities, including meat fraudulent such as adulterant substances (adulteration), substitution, livestock stolen, grey market product, smuggling, misrepresentation or mislabelling etc. In parallel with meat fraudulent activities, perpetrator tends to use a harmful and unsafety …

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Local Application Of Osteoprotegerin-Chitosan Gel In Critical-Sized Defects In A Rabbit Model, S.N. Jayash, Najihah Mohd Hashim, Misni Misran, Nor Adinar Baharuddin Jan 2017

Local Application Of Osteoprotegerin-Chitosan Gel In Critical-Sized Defects In A Rabbit Model, S.N. Jayash, Najihah Mohd Hashim, Misni Misran, Nor Adinar Baharuddin

Research Publications (2016 to 2020)

Background. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is used for the systemic treatment of bone diseases although it has many side effects. The aim of this study was to investigate a newly formulated OPG-chitosan gel fort local application to repair bone defects. Recent studies have reported that immunodetection of osteopontin (OPN) and osteocalcin (OC) can be used to characterise osteogenesis and new bone formation. Method The osteogenic potential of the OPG-chitosan gel was evaluated rabbits. Critical-sized defects were created in the calvarial bone, which were either left unfilled (control; group I), or filled with chitosan gel (group II) or OPG-chitosan gel (group III), with …

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Methanol Leaf Extract Of Actinodaphne Sesquipedalis (Lauraceae) Enhances Gastric Defense Against Ethanol-Induced Ulcer In Rats, H. Omar, N. Nordin, P. Hassandarvish, M. Hajrezaie, A.H.S. Azizan, M. Fadaeinasab, N.A. Majid, Mahmood Ameen Abdulla, N.M. Hashim, Hapipah Mohd Ali Jan 2017

Methanol Leaf Extract Of Actinodaphne Sesquipedalis (Lauraceae) Enhances Gastric Defense Against Ethanol-Induced Ulcer In Rats, H. Omar, N. Nordin, P. Hassandarvish, M. Hajrezaie, A.H.S. Azizan, M. Fadaeinasab, N.A. Majid, Mahmood Ameen Abdulla, N.M. Hashim, Hapipah Mohd Ali

Research Publications (2016 to 2020)

Actinodaphne sesquipedalis Hook. F. Var. Glabra (Kochummen), also known as “Medang payung” by the Malay people, belongs to the Lauraceae family. In this study, methanol leaf extract of A. sesquipedalis was investigated for their acute toxicity and gastroprotective effects to reduce ulcers in rat stomachs induced by ethanol. The rats were assigned to one of five groups: normal group (group 1), ulcer group (group 2), control positive drug group (group 3) and two experimental groups treated with 150 mg/kg (group 4) and 300 mg/kg (group 5) of leaf extract. The rats were sacrificed an hour after pretreatment with extracts, and …

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Micrornas Regulating Cluster Of Differentiation 46 (Cd46) In Cardioembolic And Non-Cardioembolic Stroke, J.R. Tan, K.S. Tan, F.L. Yong, A. Armugam, C.W. Wang, K. Jeyaseelan, P.T.H. Wong Jan 2017

Micrornas Regulating Cluster Of Differentiation 46 (Cd46) In Cardioembolic And Non-Cardioembolic Stroke, J.R. Tan, K.S. Tan, F.L. Yong, A. Armugam, C.W. Wang, K. Jeyaseelan, P.T.H. Wong

Research Publications (2016 to 2020)

Ischemic stroke is a major cause of mortality and morbidity globally. Among the ischemic stroke subtypes, cardioembolic stroke is with poor functional outcome (Modified Rankin score ≥ 2). Early diagnosis of cardioembolic stroke will prove beneficial. This study examined the microRNAs targeting cluster of differentiation 46 (CD46), a potential biomarker for cardioembolic stroke. CD46 mRNA level was shown to be differentially expressed (p < 0.001) between cardioembolic stroke (median = 1.32) and non-cardioembolic stroke subtypes (large artery stroke median = 5.05; small vessel stroke median = 6.45). Bioinformatic search showed that miR-19a, -20a, -185 and -374b were found to target CD46 mRNA and further verified by luciferase reporter assay. The levels of miRNAs targeting CD46 were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) in non-cardioembolic stroke patients (large artery stroke median: miR-19a = 0.63, miR-20a = 0.42, miR-185 = 0.32, miR-374b = 0.27; small artery stroke median: miR-19a = 0.07, miR-20a = 0.06, miR-185 = 0.07, miR-374b = 0.05) as compared to cardioembolic stroke patients (median: miR-19a = 2.69, miR-20a = 1.36, miR-185 = 1.05, miR-374b = 1.23). ROC curve showed that the miRNAs could distinguish cardioembolic stroke from non-cardioembolic stroke with better AUC value as compared to CD46. Endogenous expression of CD46 in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) were found to be regulated by miR-19a and miR-20a. Thus implicating that miR-19a and -20a may play a role in pathogenesis of cardioembolic stroke, possibly via the endothelial cells.

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Mimosine Toxicity In Leucaena Biomass: A Hurdle Impeding Maximum Use For Bioproducts And Bioenergy, N. Ramli, A.A. Jamaludin, Zul Ilham Jan 2017

Mimosine Toxicity In Leucaena Biomass: A Hurdle Impeding Maximum Use For Bioproducts And Bioenergy, N. Ramli, A.A. Jamaludin, Zul Ilham

Research Publications (2016 to 2020)

Leucaena biomass could serve as a new commodity for bio energy production. It is well established as a feedstock for animal husbandry, due to its nutrient content and lower cost. However, the existence of mimosine caused loss of hair among ruminants. This paper provides a short review of current uses of Leucaena, from agriculture to bio energy. In the next section, the techniques to remove Leucaena toxicity caused by the toxic non-protein amino acid mimosine will be discussed. A common mimosine inactivation technique adopted for animal rations is dosage-dependent on the Leucaena portion and inclusion of iodine, iron, copper or …

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Monitoring Butterflies Using Counts Of Puddling Males: A Case Study Of The Rajah Brooke's Birdwing (Trogonoptera Brookiana Albescens), C.K. Phon, L.G. Kirton, Y. Norma-Rashid Jan 2017

Monitoring Butterflies Using Counts Of Puddling Males: A Case Study Of The Rajah Brooke's Birdwing (Trogonoptera Brookiana Albescens), C.K. Phon, L.G. Kirton, Y. Norma-Rashid

Research Publications (2016 to 2020)

The Rajah Brooke's Birdwing, Trogonoptera brookiana, is a large, iconic butterfly that is facing heavy commercial exploitation and habitat loss. Males of some subspecies exhibit puddling behavior. A method of conservation monitoring was developed for subspecies albescens in Ulu Geroh, Peninsular Malaysia, where the males consistently puddle in single-species aggregations at stable geothermal springs, reaching well over 300 individuals when the population is at its highest. Digital photography was used to conduct counts of numbers of males puddling. The numbers of birdwings puddling were significantly correlated with counts of birdwings in flight, but were much higher. The numbers puddling during …

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Next Generation Sequencing Reveals The Antibiotic Resistant Variants In The Genome Of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, B. Ramanathan, H.M. Jindal, C.F. Le, R. Gudimella, A. Anwar, R. Razali, J. Poole-Johnson, R. Manikam, S.D. Sekaran Jan 2017

Next Generation Sequencing Reveals The Antibiotic Resistant Variants In The Genome Of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, B. Ramanathan, H.M. Jindal, C.F. Le, R. Gudimella, A. Anwar, R. Razali, J. Poole-Johnson, R. Manikam, S.D. Sekaran

Research Publications (2016 to 2020)

Rapid progress in next generation sequencing and allied computational tools have aided in identification of single nucleotide variants in genomes of several organisms. In the present study, we have investigated single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in ten multi-antibiotic resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates. All the draft genomes were submitted to Rapid Annotations using Subsystems Technology (RAST) web server and the predicted protein sequences were used for comparison. Non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (nsSNP) found in the clinical isolates compared to the reference genome (PAO1), and the comparison of nsSNPs between antibiotic resistant and susceptible clinical isolates revealed insights into the genome variation. …

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Nmda Receptor Antagonism With Novel Indolyl, 2-(1,1-Dimethyl-1,3-Dihydro-Benzo[E]Indol-2-Ylidene)-Malonaldehyde, Reduces Seizures Duration In A Rat Model Of Epilepsy, H.A. Rothan, E. Amini, F.L. Faraj, M. Golpich, T.C. Teoh, K. Gholami, R. Yusof Jan 2017

Nmda Receptor Antagonism With Novel Indolyl, 2-(1,1-Dimethyl-1,3-Dihydro-Benzo[E]Indol-2-Ylidene)-Malonaldehyde, Reduces Seizures Duration In A Rat Model Of Epilepsy, H.A. Rothan, E. Amini, F.L. Faraj, M. Golpich, T.C. Teoh, K. Gholami, R. Yusof

Research Publications (2016 to 2020)

N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDAR) play a central role in epileptogensis and NMDAR antagonists have been shown to have antiepileptic effects in animals and humans. Despite significant progress in the development of antiepileptic therapies over the previous 3 decades, a need still exists for novel therapies. We screened an in-house library of small molecules targeting the NMDA receptor. A novel indolyl compound, 2-(1,1-Dimethyl-1,3-dihydro-benzo[e]indol-2-ylidene)-malonaldehyde, (DDBM) showed the best binding with the NMDA receptor and computational docking data showed that DDBM antagonised the binding sites of the NMDA receptor at lower docking energies compared to other molecules. Using a rat electroconvulsive shock (ECS) model …

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Periodontal Application Of Manuka Honey: Antimicrobial And Demineralising Effects In Vitro, S.H. Safii, G.R. Tompkins, W.J. Duncan Jan 2017

Periodontal Application Of Manuka Honey: Antimicrobial And Demineralising Effects In Vitro, S.H. Safii, G.R. Tompkins, W.J. Duncan

Research Publications (2016 to 2020)

Background. Topical application of manuka honey is effective in the treatment of burns and soft-tissue infections. The aim of this study was to assess the antibacterial activity of manuka honey against plaque-associated bacteria in vitro in order to evaluate the potential application as an adjunct to periodontal treatment. Materials and Methods. The minimum bacteriostatic and bactericidal concentrations (MIC and MBC) of manuka honey were compared to those of white clover honey against a variety of plaque-associated bacteria, at the natural and neutral pH. Dissolved calcium was measured following incubation of honeys with hydroxyapatite (HA) beads to assess their potential to …

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