Digital Commons Network^™

Misplaced Priorities: How County Health Departments Overlook The Leading Causes Of Death, Jeremy Whitaker

Annual Graduate Student Symposium

Problem: Most Iowans die from chronic diseases, or diseases developed over time, often influenced through behavioral choice. The top three, heart disease, cancer, and lower respiratory diseases account for over half of all death in Iowa and in the nation. However, most public health funding focuses on infectious disease and treatment, leaving little or nothing for primary prevention of chronic diseases.

Method: The 2014 Local Governmental Public Health Survey, annual reports, and Health Improvement projects were analyzed for primary prevention of chronic diseases at county health departments. This was compared to a review of federal and state funding for chronic …

Living Well In Early Childhood Childcare Settings: Evaluating The Impact Of A Community-Based Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Project, John Chauvin, Maura Drewry, Kjersti Kleine, Miguel Negrete

Furman Engaged!

Faculty Mentor: Dr. Meghan Slining

Time Course Of Changes In Neuromuscular Responses At 30% Versus 70% 1 Repetition Maximum During Dynamic Constant External Resistance Leg Extensions To Failure, Cory M. Smith, Terry J. Housh, Ethan C. Hill, Richard J. Schmidt, Glen O. Johnson

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 10(3): 365-378, 2017. The purpose of the current study was to examine the time course of changes in neuromuscular responses from the vastus medialis (VM) during low versus high intensity dynamic constant external resistance (DCER) leg extension muscle actions to failure. Thirteen men performed DCER leg extensions to failure at 30% and 70% 1-repetition maximum (1-RM) as well as 1-RM measurements pretest and posttest. Electromyogaphy and mechanomyographic signals were measured from the VM. There were no differences in neuromuscular responses pretest versus posttest 1-RM. There were time-dependent differences between the 30% and 70% 1-RM protocols. …

Effects Of Different Number Of Sets Of Resistance Training On Flexibility, Thalita B. Leite, Pablo B. Costa, Richard D. Leite, Jefferson S. Novaes, Steven J. Fleck, Roberto Simão

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 10(3): 354-364, 2017. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of six months of training with three different number of sets of resistance training on flexibility in young men. Forty-seven men (mean ± SD age = 24 ± 1yrs; body mass = 79.39 ± 9.12 kg; height = 174.5 ± 5.6 cm) were randomly divided into three training groups performing either one set (G1S), three sets (G3S), or five sets (G5S) of all exercises in a resistance training session or a control group (CG). All groups were assessed pre- and post-training for …

A Low Dose Caffeine And Carbohydrate Supplement Does Not Improve Athletic Performance During Volleyball Competition, David Pfeifer, Kelsey Arvin, Nicholas Haynes, Courtney Herschberger, Matthew S. Renfrow

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 10(3): 340-353, 2017. Dietary supplements are widely used to enhance sport performance and the combination of carbohydrate and caffeine (CHO+CAF) has yielded particularly high performance gains. Though the effects of a CHO+CAF supplement have been studied in a laboratory environment, little research exists on the effects of supplementation during competition. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a CHO+CAF supplement on athletic performance in competition. Eight female collegiate volleyball players completed three testing sessions under three different conditions separated by approximately one week each: CHO+CAF supplement, placebo (PBO), and control …

How Different Respiratory Rate Patterns Affect Cardiorespiratory Variables And Performance, Harutiun Minas Nalbandian, Zsolt Radak, Jun Taniguchi, Masaki Takeda

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 10(3): 322-329, 2017. This study aims to elucidate how respiratory rate (RR) patterns may affect respiratory gas exchange variables and performance during incremental intensity- exercise. 10 healthy young men (mean ± SD, age: 20.7 ± 0.5 years, height: 174.3 ± 5.7 cm, and body mass: 72.6 ± 10.4 kg) performed three incremental tests on a cycle ergometer at three different RR (60, 45 and 30 breaths per min) in each trial. During the tests, tidal volume (TV), minute ventilation (VE), fractional content of oxygen (FeO₂), fractional content of carbon dioxide (FeCO₂), …

The Determination Of Total Energy Expenditure During And Following Repeated High-Intensity Intermittent Sprint Work, Christopher Irvine, Matthew Laurent, Kaitlyn Kielsmeier, Stephanie Douglas, Matthew Kutz, Adam Fullenkamp

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 10(3): 312-321, 2017. The purpose of this study was to examine the variation in oxidative, glycolytic, and post-exercise O₂ kinetic contribution during two distinct high-intensity interval training (HIIT) protocols using a 1:1 work-to-rest ratio (30:30 sec) and a 2:1 work-to-rest ratio (30:15 sec). HIIT familiarized males (n =6) and females (n = 8) were recruited for this study. All subject underwent 3 testing session, an incremental maximal exertion treadmill test and 30:30 and 30:15 HIIT protocols in a counterbalanced order. Each HIIT protocol measured oxygen consumption (VO₂), carbon dioxide production …

Craniofacial Secular Change In Recent Mexican Migrants, Katherine Spradley, Kyra E. Stull, Joseph T. Hefner

Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints

Research by economists suggests that recent Mexican migrants are better educated and have higher socioeconomic status (SES) than previous migrants. Because factors associated with higher SES and improved education can lead to positive secular changes in overall body form, secular changes in the craniofacial complex were analyzed within a recent migrant group from Mexico. The Mexican group represents individuals in the act of migration, not yet influenced by the American environment, and thus can serve as a starting point for future studies of secular change in this population group. The excavation of a historic Hispanic cemetery in Tucson, Arizona, also …

How Well Does Snap Protect Families Against The Risk Of Food Insecurity And Poor Health During Economic Downturns?, Thomas Deleire, Bradley Hardy, Jay Bhattacharya

University of Kentucky Center for Poverty Research Discussion Paper Series

Our research project addressed the question of how well SNAP and the social safety net protects families against the risk of food insecurity and poor health during economic downturns. Previous research has documented the relationship between reductions in family incomes and food insufficiency and has examined the effects of resources that mitigate the effects of income volatility. The U.S. social safety net, including SNAP, exists to mitigate the deleterious effects of swings in family income, particularly among low- and moderate-income households. This work compares outcomes for lower income families and higher income families in response to economic downturns. To the …

Secular Changes In The Postcranial Skeleton Of American Whites, Richard L. Jantz, Lee Meadows Jantz, Joanne L. Devlin

Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints

Secular change in height has been extensively investigated, but size and shape of the postcranial skeleton much less so. The availability of large, documented collections of nineteenth- and twentieth-century skeletons makes it possible to examine changes in skeletal structure over the past 150 years. We examined secular changes in long bone lengths and proportions, their allometric relationship to stature, and cross- sectional properties of long bone shafts. Bone measurements and stature were organized into 10-year birth cohorts, ranging from 1840 to 1989. Variation among cohorts was tested by one-way ANOVA, and secular trend was examined visually by plotting mean measurements …

Patterns Of Dna Methylation Across The Leptin Core Promoter In Four Diverse Asian And North American Populations, M. J. Mosher, P. E. Melton, P. Stapleton, M. S. Schanfield, M. H. Crawford

Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints

DNA methylation is the most widely studied of epigenetic mechanisms, with environmental effects recorded through patterned attachments of methyl groups along the DNA that are capable of modifying gene expression without altering the DNA sequencing. The degree to which these patterns of DNA methylation are heritable, the expected range of normality across populations, and the phenotypic relevance of pattern variation remain unclear. Genes regulating metabolic pathways appear to be vulnerable to ongoing nutritional programming over the life course, as dietary nutrients are significant environmental determinants of DNA methylation, supplying both the methyl groups and energy to generate the methylation process. …

The Fortieth Anniversary Of The Founding Of The Laboratory Of Biological Anthropology, Michael H. Crawford

Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints

The anniversary of the founding of the LBA was celebrated during the spring of 2015 by a lecture series of former members of the laboratory, plus one research collaborator, all of whom contribute an article to this special issue of Human Biology.

Wmu Interior Design Students Place At Msu Design Charrette, College Of Education And Human Development

Family and Consumer Sciences News

Allyson Dykstra, Shannon Stockelman, and Ashley Walters recently participated in the Michigan State University (MSU) Interior Design Student Organization’s Interior Design Charrette.

Genetic Mapping Of A Bitter Saponin Gene In Quinoa, Ryan Rupper, P Jeff Maughan, Eric N. Jellen

Library/Life Sciences Undergraduate Poster Competition 2017

Chenopodium quinoa (quinoa) is a high protein grain crop originating in the Andes. Quinoa’s ability to grow in drought and high salt conditions and its protein profile make it a highly sought after crop for world food security. Varieties of quinoa may be bitter or sweet, depending on the whether the variety produces saponins or not. Saponins are soap-like molecules that are believed to protect the plant from birds, fungi and other micro-organisms. The anti-nutritional effects of saponins[1] on human means that they must be removed prior to human consumption. The process of desaponization is time consuming and requires specialized …

Executive Committee - Agenda 4/4/2017, Academic Senate

Academic Senate Agendas

No abstract provided.

Inaugural Address, University Of Dayton

News Releases

The text from the inaugural address given by Eric F. Spina, 19th president of the University of Dayton, during his installation ceremony April 4, 2017.

The Sustainability Of Career And Technical Education Teacher Preparation Programs In Florida, Lisa Martino

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

There is a historical trend of decline in available Career and Technical Education (CTE) Teacher Preparation programs and an increase in CTE course and program enrollments in Florida’s secondary school system. This contradiction in CTE teacher supply and demand raises an important question. What is going on? More specifically, what sustains the remaining programs in the face of this decline?

The purpose of this qualitative study is to explore sustainability factors from past and present CTE teacher preparation program educators and administrators to gain a better understanding of this issue. The participant selection for this study was identified from four …

Acute Kidney Injury And Chronic Kidney Disease, Jin Wei

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Ischemia and reperfusion are natural steps during kidney transplantation, and IRI is considered one of the most important nonspecific factors affecting allograft dysfunction. Transplanted organs experience several episodes of ischemia, in which cold ischemia occurs during allograft storage in preservation solutions.

Even though cold ischemia has been studied extensively, all of the studies have been carried out in vitro and ex vivo models. There is no in vivo model available to examine renal IRI induced solely by cold ischemia.

In the present study, we developed an in vivo mouse model to study renal IRI induced exclusively by cold ischemia through …

Piecewise Regression Analysis Of Secular Change In The Maximum Femoral Vertical Head Diameter Of American White Males And Females, Sandra Cridlin

Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints

Osteometric measurements of the femur are consistently used to estimate stature, sex, and race in constructing demographic profiles. The presence of positive or negative changes in the size of the maximum vertical diameter of the femoral head could potentially affect the validity of such profiles. Additionally, changes in femoral head size may be an indicator of the socioeconomic status, health, and nutrition of a population over periods of time. Two large data sets consisting of white male and white female femoral vertical head diameter measurements with birth years spanning 1841–1990 are used in this study. A combination of both LOESS …

An Examination Of The Differential Effects Of The Modern Epidemiological Transition On Cranial Morphology In The United States And Portugal, Katherine E. Weisensee, Richard L. Jantz

Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints

This research examines the pattern of secular change in the cranial morphology of two populations experiencing the epidemiological transition associated with decreased mortality rates in children, followed by declines in infant mortality and subsequent increases in adult longevity. The two samples examined in this study come from US and Portuguese individuals. The epidemiological transition oc- curred at different times in the United States and Portugal, with Portugal entering into the transition later than the United States. The results of the study show that the US and Portuguese samples experienced significant changes in cranial morphology during the approximately 150 years under …

Secular Change In The Femur Diaphyseal Biomechanical Properties Of American Whites, Daniel J. Wescott, Lauren Rockhold Zephro

Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints

Over the past two centuries there have been documented secular changes in stature, weight, body proportions, and skeletal maturation rates in the United States. These changes along with a more sedentary lifestyle are likely reflected in femur morphology. Here we examine secular changes in diaphyseal cross-sectional size, shape, area, robusticity, and rigidity at midshaft and subtrochanteric of the femur using 395 adult white females and males from the United States born between the 1850s and the 1970s. The effect of secular change was controlled for an age effect. We also examine the relationship between femur length (proxy for stature) and …

Jefferson Digital Commons Quarterly Report: January-March 2017, Daniel G. Kipnis, Msi, Kelsey Duinkerken, Msi, James Copeland, Libt

Jefferson Digital Commons Reports

Quarterly report includes highlights of assets added to the JDC along with feedback from researchers.

Ada News - 04/03/2017, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

Established in 1970 as the official newspaper of the American Dental Association, the ADA News serves practicing dentists and others allied to the dental profession in the U.S. and internationally. It is the No. 1 source of news and information about the many benefits and services the ADA delivers to members daily as well as timely information on scientific, social, political and economic developments affecting dentistry and health care.

Cseas Weekly Bulletin (April 3, 2017), Center For Southeast Asian Studies

CSEAS Bulletin

No abstract provided.

The New Hampshire, Vol. 106 [107], No. 41 (Apr. 3, 2017), The New Hampshire

The New Hampshire Print Edition

An independent student produced newspaper from the University of New Hampshire. This volume was printed as 106, but it is the 107th volume in the series.

Using Knowledge Of Shark Biology And Behavior To Inform Management And Conservation Efforts For The Globally Distributed And Fishery Exploited Shortfin Mako (Isurus Oxyrinchus), Mark Rubinas

HCNSO Student Capstones

The shortfin mako (Isurus oxyrinchus) is a regionally endothermic lamnid shark with a circumglobal distribution in temperate and tropical waters. This species has special adaptations for a highly migratory, apex predator lifestyle, including specialized anatomical structures, the retia mirabilia, that allows maintenance of a higher than ambient internal body temperature, a higher percentage of red muscle fibers located closer to its body core compared to ectothermic sharks, and specialized dermal denticles to help achieve the remarkable swimming speeds for efficient predation. However, many parts of the life history of the shortfin mako are still unknown, and difficult to …

Unh Faculty Senate Motion #Xxi-M9 To Amend Senate Bylaws Section 4, Faculty Senate

Faculty Senate Motions

No abstract provided.

2016-17 Faculty Senate Xxi - April 3, 2017 Minutes Summary, Faculty Senate

Faculty Senate Agendas & Minutes

No abstract provided.

Crow's Nest, April 3, 2017, Crow's Nest Staff

Crow's Nest

The April 3, 2017, issue of the Crow's Nest.

Faculty Senate Agenda, April 3, 2017, Utah State University

Faculty Senate & Faculty Senate Executive Committee

• Academic Freedom and Tenure Committee
• Professional Responsibilities and Procedures Committee
• EPC March Report