Digital Commons Network^™

Nsu Sharks Rx - Fall I, 2017, Nova Southeastern University

NSU Sharks Rx

No abstract provided.

Baden Community Open Space Plan, Rod Barnett

Books and Monographs

A team led by professor Rod Barnett has completed the Baden Community Open Space Plan. In summer 2016, Barnett and a team of research assistants collaborated with the on-the-ground team to engage residents to understand their needs. This data, combined with ecological data points, and public health assessments collected in the community, informed the proposed masterplan. In the voids created by voluntary buyout and demolition, the Baden neighborhood has an opportunity to redefine how infrastructure and greenspace can come together to create a space that serves residents. The team of partners has included the Green City Coalition, the City of …

Effects Of Carboxylated Nanodiamonds On Macrophages During And After Differentiation, Maisoun E. Bani Hani

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Nanodiamonds (ND) are a carbon-based nanomaterial that are increasingly being proposed for developing novel imaging techniques, as carriers of biomolecules and therapeutic drugs, as coatings for implants, and for other biomedical applications. The exceptional chemical, mechanical, and optical properties of ND make this material suitable in a wide range of fields. The application of ND in the biomedical field is attractive but requires more in-depth investigation into the safety of ND and its interactions with different cells and systems. The effects of ND on the immune system are not fully understood or investigated and there are several controverting reports regarding …

Obstetricians' And Gynecologists' Knowledge, Education, And Practices Regarding Chronic Hepatitis B In Pregnancy., Bolin Niu, Dina Halegoua-De Marzio, Jonathan M. Fenkel, Steven K. Herrine

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Faculty Papers

Background: In pregnant women with high viral loads, third-trimester initiation of antiviral agents can reduce the risk of vertical transmission. We aimed to assess obstetricians' and gynecologists' (OB-GYN) knowledge and clinical practice when treating pregnant women with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV).

Methods: All program directors (PDs) from 250 US OB-GYN residency programs were invited to anonymously complete an 18-item questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were calculated and analyzed.

Results: A total of 323 participants responded, including both PDs (n=51, response rate 21%) and residents (n=272, response rate 11%). Responding PDs (62% university-based vs. 32% community-based) came from various practice types. All …

Structural And Biochemical Studies Of The Dna Replication Initiation Mechanism Of The Second Chromosome Of Vibrio Cholerae, Natalia Orlova

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Transmission of genetic information through DNA replication is one of the key processes for any living organism. Despite the extensive effort put into studies of the mechanism of DNA replication, the understanding of the process on the molecular level is still incomplete. Specifically the molecular details of the very first events of DNA replication initiation are not sufficiently understood.

The majority of bacteria possess a single circular chromosome, and in order to initiate DNA replication these organisms utilize a conserved system, consisting of a specific DNA sequence - replication origin, called oriC, and replication initiator protein DnaA. However, bacteria …

Nutrients, Infectious And Inflammatory Diseases, Helieh S. Oz

Physiology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Education Initiative Improves Antibiotic Prescribing In Respiratory Tract Infections In Rural Primary Care, Erin Wilder Chiswell, Debra C. Hampton

Biennial Convention (CONV)

With the rise of antibiotic resistance, practicing antibiotic stewardship is of increasing importance, yet remains a significant practice challenge. This study examines a nurse practitioner-lead initiative that demonstrates improved guideline adherence and decreased antibiotic prescribing in respiratory tract infections is possible through evidence-based patient and provider educational interventions.

Exploring The Role Of Nurses As Antimicrobial Stewards, Junel Amarado Padigos, Anecita Gigi Lim, Stephen Robert Ritchie

Biennial Convention (CONV)

The role of nurses in antimicrobial stewardship (AMS), or safe antimicrobial management is not well defined. In this New Zealand research, potential nursing roles in AMS were identified. Educational foci and learning strategies were formulated to address learning needs of nurses to effectively embed AMS in clinical practice.

The Health Status Of Zimbabwe Born Immigrants To The Us, Clara M. Gona, Tendai Lupafya, Natsai L. Zhou, Philimon Gona

Biennial Convention (CONV)

We conducted a health needs assessment survey of the Zimbabwe born immigrants in the North East US. Despite high levels of healthcare utilization, participants had high obesity and hypertension rates, depression risk and low HIV risk perception.

Impacting Global Healthcare Through The Development Of The Beta Xi Global Service Initiative, Deborah A. Hassler

Biennial Convention (CONV)

The purpose is to highlight how the Beta Xi chapter has utilized the global ambassador role in the development of a Global Service Initiative Program.

Role Of Viruses Within Metaorganisms: Ciona Intestinalis As A Model System, Brittany A. Leigh

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Marine animals live and thrive in a literal sea of microorganisms, yet are often able to maintain specific associations that are largely dictated by the environment, host immunity and microbial interactions. Animal-associated microbiomes include bacteria and viruses that vastly outnumber host cells, especially in the gut environment, and are considered to be integral parts of healthy, functioning animals that act as a metaorganism. However, the processes underlying the initial establishment of these microbial communities are not very well understood. This dissertation focuses on the establishment of a well-known developmental animal model, Ciona intestinalis (sea squirt), to study the establishment and …

We Are...Marshall, September 27, 2017, Office Of Marshall University Communications

We Are ... Marshall: the Newsletter for Marshall University 1999-2023

No abstract provided.

A Case Of Rituximab-Induced Necrotizing Fasciitis And A Review Of The Literature., Abdullateef Abdulkareem, Ryan S D'Souza, Anthony Donato, Oluwaseun Shogbesan

Reading Hospital Internal Medicine Residency

Necrotizing fasciitis is a fulminant soft tissue infection characterized by rapid progression and high mortality. Rituximab is a generally well-tolerated immunosuppresive medication used for B-cell malignancies and some rheumatological disorders. We report a case of a 69-year-old male with chronic lymphocytic leukemia who suffered necrotizing fasciitis of his left lower extremity secondary to

Failure To Maintain: Missed Care And Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia, Dian Baker, Barbara Quinn

Biennial Convention (CONV)

Please join us to discover the #1 infectious disease related hidden patient harm in hospitals and determine its impact. This session will cover interprofessional solutions and partnerships to improve fundamental nursing care aimed at pneumonia prevention.

Use Of Soil Chemical Analysis To Detect Commercial Wildlife Game Baits, Aaron Haines, Angela Fetterolf, Meta Griffin, Tristan Conrad, Steven Kennedy

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Hunters and poachers often use commercially-available, nutrient-rich baits to attract wildlife game animals. We used atomic absorption spectroscopy and ion selective electrochemical analysis techniques to determine whether two common proprietary baits (Deer Cane and Acorn Rage) would leave detectable chemical signatures in soil (i.e., Na⁺, Cl^-, and Ca⁺²). Our goal was to evaluate low cost tests which could be replicated by wildlife conservation officers in the field. To complete the evaluation we randomly placed two commercial baits on 3 sites in The Millersville University Biological Preserve in Millersville, PA. We collected soils samples from …

Community Perceptions Of Grivet Monkey Crop Depredation In The Ethiopian Highlands: Implications For Primate Conservation, Aschalew Alelign, Meheretu Yonas

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Human–primate conflicts in Africa have been increasing due to increased human population growth and the resulting competition for forest resources. The Ethiopian Highlands in northern Ethiopia, home to the grivet monkey (Chlorocebus aethiops), once consisted of large forested areas. This region has been severely denuded and now exhibits only small forest patches remaining at sites with special cultural significance in the immediate vicinity of churches. These forest patches, surrounded by agricultural crops, provide refugia habitat for the grivet monkey. We randomly surveyed 50 villagers living near the Batiero Church Forest, a 45-ha forest patch located in northern Ethiopia, to determine …

Using Diplomacy Lab To Teach Interdisciplinary Students About Global Public Health, Daniel B. Oerther

Biennial Convention (CONV)

Diplomacy Lab is a public-private partnership of the United States Department of State with the dual objective of engaging citizens in diplomacy and course sourcing research challenges. US DoS needs citizen scientists - in the classroom working with professors - to tackle complex, over-the-horizon challenges.

Randomised Controlled Trial Of Lactobacillus Rhamnosus (Lgg) Versus Placebo In Children Presenting To The Emergency Department With Acute Gastroenteritis: The Pecarn Probiotic Study Protocol., David Schnadower, Phillip I Tarr, Casper T Charles, Marc H Gorelick, Michael J Dean, Karen J O'Connell, Prashant Mahajan, Thomas H Chun, Seema R Bhatt, Cindy G Roskind, Elizabeth C Powell, Alexander J Rogers, Cheryl Vance, Robert E Sapien, Feng Gao, Stephen B Freedman

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is a common and burdensome condition that affects millions of children worldwide each year. Currently available strategies are limited to symptomatic management, treatment and prevention of dehydration and infection control; no disease-modifying interventions exist. Probiotics, defined as live microorganisms beneficial to the host, have shown promise in improving AGE outcomes, but existing studies have sufficient limitations such that the use of probiotics cannot currently be recommended with confidence. Here we present the methods of a large, rigorous, randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled study to assess the effectiveness and side effect profile of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) (ATCC 53103) …

Refugee Policy Implications Of U.S. Immigration Medical Screenings: A New Era Of Inadmissibility On Health-Related Grounds., Mi-Kyung Hong, Reshma E Varghese, Charulata Jindal, Jimmy T Efird

Medicine Faculty Publications

Refugees frequently face extended delays in their efforts to enter the United States (U.S.) and those who are successful, in many cases, encounter overwhelming obstacles, inadequate resources, and a complex system of legal barriers. Travel restrictions based on equivocal health concerns and a drop in refugee admittance ceilings have complicated the situation. The authors retrieved and analyzed peer-reviewed journal articles, government agency press releases, media postings, epidemiologic factsheets, and relevant lay publications to critically assess U.S. policy regarding refugee resettlement based on health-related grounds. While refugees arguably exhibit an increased incidence of measles and tuberculosis compared with the U.S. population, …

Regulation Of Nursing Profession In Europe, Walter De Caro, Elisabetta Corvo, Julita Sansoni

Biennial Convention (CONV)

This study aimed to explore regulatory systems of the nursing profession in European Union, starting from italian situation, also with the aim to compare competencies, education requirements and regulation of basic nurse and specialist/advanced practice nurses in Europe.

Natural History Of Hpv Infection Across The Lifespan: Role Of Viral Latency., Patti E Gravitt, Rachel L Winer

Global Health Faculty Publications

Large-scale epidemiologic studies have been invaluable for elaboration of the causal relationship between persistent detection of genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and the development of invasive cervical cancer. However, these studies provide limited data to adequately inform models of the individual-level natural history of HPV infection over the course of a lifetime, and particularly ignore the biological distinction between HPV-negative tests and lack of infection (i.e., the possibility of latent, undetectable HPV infection). Using data from more recent epidemiological studies, this review proposes an alternative model of the natural history of genital HPV across the life span. We argue that …

Identification Of Potential Tissue-Specific Cancer Biomarkers And Development Of Cancer Versus Normal Genomic Classifiers, Akram Mohammed, Greyson Biegert, Jiri Adamec, Tomáš Helikar

Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications

Machine learning techniques for cancer prediction and biomarker discovery can hasten cancer detection and significantly improve prognosis. Recent “OMICS” studies which include a variety of cancer and normal tissue samples along with machine learning approaches have the potential to further accelerate such discovery. To demonstrate this potential, 2,175 gene expression samples from nine tissue types were obtained to identify gene sets whose expression is characteristic of each cancer class. Using random forests classification and ten-fold cross-validation, we developed nine single-tissue classifiers, two multi-tissue cancer-versus-normal classifiers, and one multi-tissue normal classifier. Given a sample of a specified tissue type, the single-tissue …

The Parasite Extinction Assessment & Red List: An Open-Source, Online Biodiversity Database For Neglected Symbionts, Colin J. Carlson, Oliver C. Muellerklein, Anna J. Phillips, Kevin R. Burgio, Giovanni Castaldo, Carrie A. Cizauskas, Graeme S. Cumming, Tad Dallas, Jorge Doña, Nyeema Harris, Roger Jovani, Zhongqi Miao, Heather Proctor, Hyun Seok Yoon, Wayne M. Getz

Faculty Publications

Parasite conservation is a rapidly growing field at the intersection of ecology, epidemiology, parasitology, and public health. The overwhelming diversity of parasitic life on earth, and recent work showing that parasites and other symbionts face severe extinction risk, necessitates infrastructure for parasite conservation assessments. Here, we describe the release of the Parasite Extinction Assessment & Red List (PEARL) version 1.0, an open-access database of conservation assessments and distributional data for almost 500 macroparasitic invertebrates. The current approach to vulnerability assessment is based on range shifts and loss from climate change, and will be expanded as additional data (e.g., host-parasite associations …

Comparison Of Adaptive Randomized Trial Designs For Time-To-Event Outcomes That Expand Versus Restrict Enrollment Criteria, To Test Non-Inferiority, Josh Betz, Jon Arni Steingrimsson, Tianchen Qian, Michael Rosenblum

Johns Hopkins University, Dept. of Biostatistics Working Papers

Adaptive enrichment designs involve preplanned rules for modifying patient enrollment criteria based on data accrued in an ongoing trial. These designs may be useful when it is suspected that a subpopulation, e.g., defined by a biomarker or risk score measured at baseline, may benefit more from treatment than the complementary subpopulation. We compare two types of such designs, for the case of two subpopulations that partition the overall population. The first type starts by enrolling the subpopulation where it is suspected the new treatment is most likely to work, and then may expand inclusion criteria if there is early evidence …

T-Cell Responses Targeting Hiv Nef Uniquely Correlate With Infected Cell Frequencies After Long-Term Antiretroviral Therapy., Allison S Thomas, Kimberley L Jones, Rajesh T Gandhi, Deborah K Mcmahon, Joshua C Cyktor, Dora Chan, Szu-Han Huang, Ronald Truong, Alberto Bosque, Amanda B Macedo, Colin Kovacs, Erika Benko, Joseph J Eron, Ronald J Bosch, Christina M Lalama, Samuel Simmens, Bruce D Walker, John W Mellors, R Brad Jones

Microbiology, Immunology, and Tropical Medicine Faculty Publications

HIV-specific CD8+ T-cell responses limit viral replication in untreated infection. After the initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART), these responses decay and the infected cell population that remains is commonly considered to be invisible to T-cells. We hypothesized that HIV antigen recognition may persist in ART-treated individuals due to low-level or episodic protein expression. We posited that if persistent recognition were occurring it would be preferentially directed against the early HIV gene products Nef, Tat, and Rev as compared to late gene products, such as Gag, Pol, and Env, which have higher barriers to expression. Using a primary cell model of …

We Are...Marshall, September 20, 2017, Office Of Marshall University Communications

We Are ... Marshall: the Newsletter for Marshall University 1999-2023

No abstract provided.

The Global Burden Of Scabies: A Cross-Sectional Analysis From The Global Burden Of Disease Study 2015., Chante Karimkhani, Danny V Colombara, Aaron M Drucker, Scott A Norton, Roderick Hay, Daniel Engelman, Andrew Steer, Margot Whitfeld, Mohsen Naghavi, Robert P Dellavalle

Dermatology Faculty Publications

Background

Numerous population-based studies have documented high prevalence of scabies in overcrowded settings, particularly among children and in tropical regions. We provide an estimate of the global burden of scabies using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2015.

Methods

We identified scabies epidemiological data sources from an extensive literature search and hospital insurance data and analysed data sources with a Bayesian meta-regression modelling tool, DisMod-MR 2·1, to yield prevalence estimates. We combined prevalence estimates with a disability weight, measuring disfigurement, itch, and pain caused by scabies, to produce years lived with disability (YLDs). With an assumed zero …

In Vivo Efficacy Of A Cocktail Of Human Monoclonal Antibodies (Cl184) Against Diverse North American Bat Rabies Virus Variants, Richard Franka, William C. Carson, James A. Ellison, Steven T. Taylor, Todd G. Smith, Natalia A. Kuzmina, Ivan V. Kuzmin, Wilfred Marissen, Charles E. Rupprecht

ETSU Faculty Works

Following rabies virus (RABV) exposure, a combination of thorough wound washing, multiple-dose vaccine administration and the local infiltration of rabies immune globulin (RIG) are essential components of modern post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP). Although modern cell-culture-based rabies vaccines are increasingly used in many countries, RIG is much less available. The prohibitive cost of polyclonal serum RIG products has prompted a search for alternatives and design of anti-RABV monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) that can be manufactured on a large scale with a consistent potency and lower production costs. Robust in vitro neutralization activity has been demonstrated for the CL184 MAb cocktail, a 1:1 protein …

Phytochemical Screening And Determination Of Antibacterial, Anti-Tumorigenic And Dna Protection Ability Of Root Extracts Of Saussurea Lappa, Sughra Arif Minhas, Fida Muhammad Khan, Fakhar-I- Abbas, Abu Ul Hassan Faiz

Journal of Bioresource Management

Saussurea lappa is a traditionally well-known plant for its medicinal uses in different indigenous systems of medicine. It is widely used in the treatment of asthma, ulcer, stomach problems and inflammatory diseases. In current study the phytochemical screening of S. lappa showed the presence of sesquiterpenes, anthraquinones, lignans, alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides and steroids. Antimicrobial potential of subject plant was also investigated against three bacterial strains and maximum antibacterial activity was observed by CEE against S. aureus, CAE against P. aeruginosa, while CME, CEE, EAE and PEE showed almost same significant activity against E. coli. The CME (1000 …

Characterization Of Different Molecular Markers For Identification Of Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhi In Pakistani Population, Faizan Muttiullah, Fida Muhammad Khan, Fakhar-I- Abbas, Sabiha Shamim

Journal of Bioresource Management

Typhoid is caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi that is usually diagnosed by using serologic and immuno-chromatographic techniques in developing counties including Pakistan, which is thought to be an unreliable diagnostic method. For accurate diagnosis we used molecular techniques to amplify 204 bp StyR-36 and 498 bp flagellin gene for the identification of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi. This study was done on 58 individuals diagnosed positive of typhoid via serologic tests and 50 healthy individuals as a control group. Success rate of amplification for flagellin gene was 77.58% while that for StyR-36 gene was 68.97% showing that flagellin gene primer …