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2017

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Treading Water: An Ethnography Of The Plight And Capabilities Of Afghan Refugees In Indonesia, Jennifer Kay Moberg Jan 2017

Treading Water: An Ethnography Of The Plight And Capabilities Of Afghan Refugees In Indonesia, Jennifer Kay Moberg

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

ACCORDING TO THE 2016 UNHCR STATISTICS, THERE ARE OVER 14,000 REFUGEES TRAPPED IN INDEFINITE TRANSIT IN INDONESIA, WITH FAINT HOPE OF EVER BEING RESETTLED TO ANY THIRD COUNTRY. THE WEST JAVA TOWN OF CISARUA ALONE HOSTS NEARLY 5,000 REFUGEES FROM THE ETHNIC HAZARA MINORITY GROUP FROM AFGHANISTAN. IN THEIR INTRACTABLE LIMBO, A GROUP OF THESE HAZARAS HAVE SET UP A NUMBER OF REFUGEE RUN LEARNING CENTRES AND COMMUNITY INITIATIVES, CREATING FOR THEMSELVES MEANING AND PURPOSE DURING THEIR UNBOUNDED TRANSIT. THIS TOWN AND POPULATION REPRESENT A UNIQUE CASE STUDY IN REFUGEE RESILIENCE, TRANSFORMATION, AND EMPOWERMENT IN LIGHT OF A DEEPENING GLOBAL …

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Sisters, Boyfriends, And The Big City: Trans Entertainers And Sex Workers In Globalized Thailand, Leo Bernardo Escalante Villar Jan 2017

Sisters, Boyfriends, And The Big City: Trans Entertainers And Sex Workers In Globalized Thailand, Leo Bernardo Escalante Villar

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

As transgender issues penetrate mainstream human rights dialogue, most of the current understanding and research on this marginalized group revolve around the perspective of HIV/AIDS prevention and awareness. To add to the growing academic discourse on transgender women in the world of work, this research looks into the lives of transgender women sex workers and entertainers in the major cities of Bangkok and Pattaya in Thailand. The research uses a qualitative approach consisting of content analysis of relevant Thai policies and semi-structured interviews with 8 transgender women, a transgender-focused local NGO, and the management team of a prominent transgender cabaret …

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The Challenges And Livelihood Strategies Of Pakistan's Urban Women Refugees In Bangkok,Thailand, Margaret Mbeyu Nguma Jan 2017

The Challenges And Livelihood Strategies Of Pakistan's Urban Women Refugees In Bangkok,Thailand, Margaret Mbeyu Nguma

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Despite the fact that Thailand is a non-signatory of the 1951Refugee Convention relating to the Status of Refugee and its 1967 protocol, it has become a home to many and still provides basic protection for many refugees and those who seek asylum. In principle with lack of some legal framework that recognizes and provides documents for asylum seekers and refugees, these subjects are treated as illegal migrants under the Thai Law article 12 of Immigration act. The focus of the study is to understand and examine the challenges and the livelihood strategies faced by Pakistan urban women refugees on access …

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Singaporean Malays' Perspectives Of Income Inequality And Its Impact On Their Opportunities In Singapore’S Education System, Ngak Leng Tan Jan 2017

Singaporean Malays' Perspectives Of Income Inequality And Its Impact On Their Opportunities In Singapore’S Education System, Ngak Leng Tan

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Studies on the profile of income inequality revealed that Singaporean Malays continuously occupied the lowest income strata and fared relatively poorer in their academic performance compared to other races. In a highly competitive meritocratic education system that rewards relative merit, yet neglects how unequal backgrounds provided unfair starting points for some, such low-income Malay households may appear to be systemically disadvantaged by income inequality and their access to better education. Under these circumstances, income inequality is further perpetuated. Through the use of focus group discussions and in-depth interviews, my proposed research will seek to understand how Singaporean Malays perceive such …

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Development And Dynamics Of The Informal Workers In Thailand: A Case Study Of Informal Workers Network, Tanachot Assawarotjanamitre Jan 2017

Development And Dynamics Of The Informal Workers In Thailand: A Case Study Of Informal Workers Network, Tanachot Assawarotjanamitre

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This thesis aims to analyze the informal worker movement that is associated with a labor NGO named HomeNet Thailand, which helped mobilize informal workers and strengthen their skills and knowledge. The core analysis of thesis follows Resource Mobilization Theory and Political Process Theory to analyze the informal workers' developments, conditions, and limitations. This thesis explores the Informal workers' situation during Yingluck Shinawatra's civilian government (2011-2014) and Prayut Chan-o-cha's miliatry government (2014-Present). The thesis consists of 5 parts. Firstly, an introduction elaborates the research methodology of Archival Research and Interview methods. Secondly, a literature review and theoretical framework show the limitations …

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Knowledge Politics In National Nuclear Energy Planning In Thailand (2007-2017) With A Case Study Of Ubon Ratchathani Province, Tipakson Manpati Jan 2017

Knowledge Politics In National Nuclear Energy Planning In Thailand (2007-2017) With A Case Study Of Ubon Ratchathani Province, Tipakson Manpati

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Thailand has long aspired to nuclear power for electricity generation, and there are plans for nuclear power projects in the most recent Power Development Plans (2015-2036) - PDP 2015. The reason for incorporating nuclear power relates to anticipation of growing energy demand. Nuclear power is seen as an attractive option for diversifying energy sources, as to date Thailand has largely depended on domestic natural gas reserves and imported fuel resources. On the one hand, nuclear power has been promoted as a 'low carbon' emission option to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. On the other hand, nuclear technology carries significant potential …

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Microcredit And Women's Empowerment In Dry Zone Area, Myanmar, Zon Phyu Linn Jan 2017

Microcredit And Women's Empowerment In Dry Zone Area, Myanmar, Zon Phyu Linn

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Microcredit (microloans) has proved to be an important liberating force in societies where women have to struggle against repressive social and economic conditions. As a tradition in Myanmar society, women often take the back seat and are not active in decision-making despite working hard in all aspects of the economic sphere. The improvement in women's economic empowerment has the potential to lead to positive changes in both social and psychological dimensions. An important institution for promoting microcredits in Myanmar is Pact INGO, which is implementing a savings-led economic empowerment program for women, under the WORTH model. Since its launch, Pact …

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Strategic Fit For Outsourcing Of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing: A Scenario Study In Thailand, Sompong Apithamsoonthorn Jan 2017

Strategic Fit For Outsourcing Of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing: A Scenario Study In Thailand, Sompong Apithamsoonthorn

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Outsourcing is recognized as one of the critical factors for efficient execution of pharmaceutical supply chain management, many pharmaceutical companies engage in international outsourcing of services (IOS) to survive in global highly competitive business. Since the key success factors for both domestic & international alliances are partnership characteristics and strategic fit management, but there is no empirical research on this issue in Thai pharmaceutical partnership offshore outsourcing. Therefore, this survey of Thai and foreign companies, both contract providers (CPs) and contract manufacturers (CMs), seeks to indicate significant relationships among both outsourcing strategic fit type and partnership type, including outsourcing performance …

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Effects Of Food On Growth And Gonadal Development Of Seahorse Hippocampus Sp., Thatpon Kamnurdnin Jan 2017

Effects Of Food On Growth And Gonadal Development Of Seahorse Hippocampus Sp., Thatpon Kamnurdnin

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Hippocampus sp. has received attention as a source of aquarium and ornamental trade. Seahorses have been threatened from non-target fisheries, habitat loss and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). In response to concern about a decrease of population in the wild, an aquaculture of this species may provide the seahorse numbers for the commercial demands. However, one of the critical problems in aquaculture is the proper dietary for growth and their development. Therefore, this study was conducted on different types of preys on survival rates, growth rates and gonadal development in Hippocampus sp. during the day of birth until the 31day after …

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Comparision Of Fly Ash And Metakaolin Based Geopolymer Properties For Heavy Metal Adsorption, Sujitra Onutai Jan 2017

Comparision Of Fly Ash And Metakaolin Based Geopolymer Properties For Heavy Metal Adsorption, Sujitra Onutai

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This work aims to evaluate the effectiveness of fly ash and metakaolin based geopolymer powder and fly ash and metakaolin based geopolymer composite fiber as an adsorbent for removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution. The fly ash and metakaolin used as raw materials in this research was from Thailand. Fly ash based geopolymer (FAG) was synthesized by mix with an alkali solution. After that, the geopolymerization process was occurred and then cured geopolymer samples at 60oC for 24 h and left at 25 oC for 6 days. The fly ash based geopolymer was ground, washed and sieved through …

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Measurement Of Eye Lens Dose In Interventional Radiologist From Tace Procedures Using Osld, Mananchaya Vimolnoch Jan 2017

Measurement Of Eye Lens Dose In Interventional Radiologist From Tace Procedures Using Osld, Mananchaya Vimolnoch

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

For routine clinical service at Section of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital (KCMH), TACE procedure has been one of the high exposure procedures, which result in increasing eye lens dose in interventional radiologists. Thus, radiation dose should be evaluated in interventional radiology staff who may receive high eye lens dose. Currently, there is insufficient information to comply with the ICRP dose limit on the occupation exposure to the eye lens. One of the factors affecting the eye lens dose is the variation in tube directions in the interventional radiology (IR) laboratories. A preliminary study about tube …

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Monitor Unit (Mu) Validation Using Various Types Of Dosimeters For Commissioning Small Field In Eclipse™ Treatment Planning System, Sammuel Mamesa Jan 2017

Monitor Unit (Mu) Validation Using Various Types Of Dosimeters For Commissioning Small Field In Eclipse™ Treatment Planning System, Sammuel Mamesa

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The objective of this study was to investigate the differences of calculated MU between commissioning using corrected FOF from single detector and commissioning using average uncorrected FOF from three detectors. Measurements were carried out on 6 MV flattened photon beams from 1x1 cm2 to 10x10 cm2. Four detectors were utilized to measure depth doses and beam profiles: IBA CC01, IBA PFD, IBA EFD and Sun Nuclear EDGE. For FOF determination, Sun Nuclear EDGE was not used. The determination of FOF was classified into corrected FOF according to IAEA/AAPM TRS 483 and uncorrected FOF from three detectors. Commissioning was undertaken in …

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The Determination Of Optimal Protocol For Digital Chest Tomosynthesis, Sarawut Tongkum Jan 2017

The Determination Of Optimal Protocol For Digital Chest Tomosynthesis, Sarawut Tongkum

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Recently, digital chest tomosynthesis (DTS) is introduced as alternative technique in digital chest radiography for evaluating pulmonary disease and enhancing the internal structures in different slices. However, the radiation dose is higher compared to general chest radiography. The present study was to determine the optimal protocol for DTS in order to reduce the radiation dose to patients while maintaining the image quality. The multipurpose chest phantom N1 "LUNGMAN'' was scanned by digital radiographic systems model Definium 8000.Such phantom was inserted with simulated nodules with size diameter of 3, 5, 8, 10, 12 mm, and the data were acquired using chest …

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Ct Number And Electron Density Relationship For Photon Dose Calculation In Head And Neck, Chest, Spine And Pelvic Regions, Siriporn Wong Jan 2017

Ct Number And Electron Density Relationship For Photon Dose Calculation In Head And Neck, Chest, Spine And Pelvic Regions, Siriporn Wong

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

CT images supply the HU information that relates to electron density (ρe). The ρe is important for tissue inhomogeneity correction for accurate dose calculation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dosimetric effect on CT images on different kVp setting using single HU-ρe curve. Anthropomorphic phantom was scanned using Siemens-SOMATOM Definition AS with 120 kVp setting and used as a reference image set. The procedures were repeated with DECT option (80/140 kVp), 80 and 140 kVp. The 120 kVp HU-ρe relationship curve from Gammex 467 tissue characterization phantom was created and applied into Eclipse treatment planning system. The …

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Radiation Dose And Image Quality In Chest Region Using Single- And Dual-Energy Ct: Phantom Study, Taninchai Jutawiriya Jan 2017

Radiation Dose And Image Quality In Chest Region Using Single- And Dual-Energy Ct: Phantom Study, Taninchai Jutawiriya

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Chest CT examinations are routinely performed by using single energy protocol (SE). As CT had been evolved by using dual energy protocol (DE), the patients with underlying lung nodules or pulmonary nodules will be followed up by CT examination several times. The purpose of this study is to study the radiation dose and image quality between single-energy CT (SECT) and dual-energy CT (DECT) protocols in chest phantom at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital. The Lungman Kyoto Kagaku phantom inserted by five simulated lesions of various diameters was scanned by dual-source CT system (Somatom Force, Siemens Healthineers). The acquisition protocols consist of …

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Involvement Of Notch Signaling In Interleukin-4-Stimulated Human Macrophages, Naunpun Sangphech Jan 2017

Involvement Of Notch Signaling In Interleukin-4-Stimulated Human Macrophages, Naunpun Sangphech

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Macrophages respond to various stimuli, resulting in distinct effector phenotypes that range from LPS-stimulated proinflammatory to IL-4-activated pro-healing phenotype. The regulatory mechanism of this polarization is not fully understood. Notch signaling pathway is a conserved signaling pathway involved in polarization of macrophages, especially proinflammatory macrophages. However, the role of Notch signaling in IL-4 stimulated macrophages (M(IL-4)) is not well defined. PPARgamma is a signature nuclear receptor in M(IL-4) that function mainly in regulating lipid metabolism. There are many reports that revealed the interaction of Notch signaling and PPARgamma in various cells but not in macrophages. In this study, the interaction …

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Ctl-Mediated Immune Evasion In Hiv Viraemic Controllers And Non-Controllers, Prathanporn Kaewpreedee Jan 2017

Ctl-Mediated Immune Evasion In Hiv Viraemic Controllers And Non-Controllers, Prathanporn Kaewpreedee

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Objective: To compare T cell response and to identify the mechanism of escape in HIV-infected volunteers. Methods: HIV-infected volunteers (CD4>450 cells/µL) were enrolled from the anonymous clinic. Volunteers were classified into two groups based on HIV plasma viral load; viraemic controllers (VC) (VL<2000 cp/mL) and non-controllers (NC) (VL>2000 cp/mL). EDTA-whole blood was collected and determined the response against Gag p24 by IFNγ ELISpot assay. Population sequencing within the Gag p24 region was performed to identify escape mutations. Results: Demographic data [age, gender, sexual preference and the presence of protective alleles (HLA-B27, -B57 and –B58)] between VC (n=23) and NC (n=41) were no statistical …

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Development Of Gold Nanoparticle-Based Lateral Flow Immunoassay For Detection Of Pathogenic Leptospiral Antigen, Prayoon Lae-Ngee Jan 2017

Development Of Gold Nanoparticle-Based Lateral Flow Immunoassay For Detection Of Pathogenic Leptospiral Antigen, Prayoon Lae-Ngee

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Leptospirosis, caused by pathogenic Leptospira spp., is a global re-emerging zoonosis and endemic disease in tropical and sub-tropical countries including Thailand. Point-of-care testing (POCT) for rapid diagnosis of leptospirosis is needed for prompt and appropriate treatment particularly in resource-poor settings. Lateral flow immunoassay (LFA)-based POCT devices are rapid, user friendly, cheap, have one-step analysis, and need no sophisticated equipment. LipL32 is a common target for diagnostic tests of leptospirosis because it is the major outer membrane protein (OMP) that is specific and highly conserved among pathogenic Leptospira. This study aimed to develop the gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-based LFA for detection of …

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Characterization Of Antimicrobial-Resistant Nontyphoidal Salmonella Isolated From Humans And Food Animals In Thailand 172252256, Sirirat Luk-In Jan 2017

Characterization Of Antimicrobial-Resistant Nontyphoidal Salmonella Isolated From Humans And Food Animals In Thailand 172252256, Sirirat Luk-In

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The emergence and increase of resistance to antimicrobial agents, especially to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESCs) and fluoroquinolones in nontyphoidal Salmonella have recently become a serious therapeutic problem. The objectives of this study were to characterize antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, the clonality, and plasmid profiles among nontyphoidal Salmonella isolates from human and food animals in Thailand. A total of 897 nontyphoidal Salmonella isolates, 617 isolates from human and 280 isolates from food animal in Thailand during 2005 to 2007 and 2012 to 2016 were included in this study. The significantly higher resistance rates were found in S. Choleraesuis compared with other serotypes to …

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Characterization Of T Cell Secreted Cytokines And Cytotoxic Mediators Profiling In Knee Osteoarthritis Patients, Thitiya Sae-Jung Jan 2017

Characterization Of T Cell Secreted Cytokines And Cytotoxic Mediators Profiling In Knee Osteoarthritis Patients, Thitiya Sae-Jung

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic disease associated with morphological joint changes that results in the breakdown of joint cartilage and underlying bone with erosive inflammation. Factors of OA are intrinsic factor and extrinsic factor. The pathogenesis of OA relates with immune responses and immune cells, T cells, B cells, and macrophages etc., T cells both CD4+ and CD8+ T cell are immune cells that have been suggested to play a role in OA. However, we found many finding in CD8+ T cells such as a high proportion of CD8+ T cell was observed in tissue of knee joint. In addition, …

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Antimicrobial Effect Of High Dose Ascorbate In Mouse Model With Bacterial Infection, Chulamartd Wirapakorn Jan 2017

Antimicrobial Effect Of High Dose Ascorbate In Mouse Model With Bacterial Infection, Chulamartd Wirapakorn

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Ascorbate or Vitamin C is a vitamin that is important to the body. It contributes to the immunity, involves the collagen formation, acts as an antioxidant and has the ability to destroy cancer cells and bacteria. These abilities depend on the concentration of ascorbate. Bactericidal properties of ascorbate were interesting, especially in the high concentrations. Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Escherichia coli are a common etiologies of nosocomial infection in Thailand and worldwide. These bacteria have developed mechanisms of antibiotics resistance and cause more violence in the disease. Hence, the time-killing assay was used to explore the bactericidal …

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Immune Response In Pythiosis Patients Treated With Pythium Insidiosum Antigen (Pia), Navaporn Worasilchai Jan 2017

Immune Response In Pythiosis Patients Treated With Pythium Insidiosum Antigen (Pia), Navaporn Worasilchai

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Immunotherapy using Pythium insidiosum antigen (PIA) is one of the combination treatment for P. insidiosum infected patients along with amputation and certain antifungal agents. The protocol of first prime (day0) after diagnosis and six booster doses (at 0.5, 1, 1.5, 3, 6, 12 months; mo.) along a year period were performed based on previous study. The switching of T-helper2 (Th2) to Th1 after immunotherapy along with the clinical improvement in equine and rabbit models were revealed whereas studies in human are very limited. To investigate the immune response in PIA treated pythiosis patients, cytokine profile (CMI response), P. insidiosum specific …

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The Antiviral Activity Of Phenolic Lipids Group Against Dengue Virus, Parichat Kanyaboon Jan 2017

The Antiviral Activity Of Phenolic Lipids Group Against Dengue Virus, Parichat Kanyaboon

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Dengue virus causes a global burden that specific chemotherapy has not been established in a clinical setting. A previous report suggested that anacardic acid saturated (C15:0), a member of phenolic lipids, inhibited hepatitis C virus infection. Here, we explored structure activity relationship of phenolic lipids homologues with anti-DENV properties in the cell-based system. Our results indicated that Cardol triene (C15:3) expressed DENV1-4 inhibition, but not to Zika virus (SV0010/15) with the EC50s of 5.35 ± 1.16 µM, 7.13 ± 0.72 µM, 8.98 ± 1.77 µM, and 8.21 ± 0.34 µM, respectively. Also, the compound showed good CC50s to Vero cells …

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Induction Of Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist (Il-1ra) By Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus (Prrsv), Teerawut Nedumpun Jan 2017

Induction Of Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist (Il-1ra) By Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus (Prrsv), Teerawut Nedumpun

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus (PRRSV) is one of the major pathogens affecting pig production industry worldwide. Impaired innate and adaptive immune responses are evidenced through the course of PRRSV infection. Several evidences indicate that PRRSV suppresses host immune responses via several immune evasion strategies. Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) is known as an early inhibitory cytokine that suppresses innate immune functions and T lymphocyte responses. The aims of this study were to explore the induction of IL-1Ra by PRRSV and the negative immunomodulatory effects of PRRSV-induced IL-1Ra on porcine immune responses. In this study, the previous monocytes-derived dendritic cells …

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Combination Effect Of Cepharanthine And 5-Fluorouracilon Human Colon Cancer In A Mouse Xenograft Model, Chanaporn Kongsaden Jan 2017

Combination Effect Of Cepharanthine And 5-Fluorouracilon Human Colon Cancer In A Mouse Xenograft Model, Chanaporn Kongsaden

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Cepharanthine (CEP), an alkaloid isolated from the root of Stephania cepharantha Hayata, was reported to possess anticancer activity in various cancers, including colon cancer. Recently, it has been shown to enhance anti-cancer activity of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) against human colon cancer in vitro. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of CEP alone and CEP in combination with 5-FU in a colon cancer xenograft model. HT-29 tumors were established in the right flank of nude mice. Then, HT-29 tumor bearing mice were treated with either 5-FU or CEP alone or 5-FU combined with CEP by intraperitoneal injection every other day …

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Cadaveric Evaluation Of The Location Of Arteries And Their Anastomotic Territories On The Face: The Feasibility Determination Of Risky Severe Complications Regarding To The Filler Injections Sites, Benrita Jitaree Jan 2017

Cadaveric Evaluation Of The Location Of Arteries And Their Anastomotic Territories On The Face: The Feasibility Determination Of Risky Severe Complications Regarding To The Filler Injections Sites, Benrita Jitaree

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The facial aging features are most concerns; therefore, the filler injection procedures are selected to provide the youthful face. However, the several complications following arterial devastating have been reported continually. Therefore, this study objectively evaluated the arterial location relative to filler injection sites. Furthermore, the arterial anastomoses and arterial supply of each injection site were also studied to verify the filler embolic pathways. This dissection was performed on 62 hemi-faces Thai embalmed cadavers to investigate nearest artery and its location of all injection sites. While, the 20 hemi-faces Thai embalmed cadavers were employed with Sihler's staining procedure to examine the …

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Molecular Epidemiology And Genome Analysis Of Hepatitis E Virus In Swine And Blood Donors, Duangnapa Intharasongkroh Jan 2017

Molecular Epidemiology And Genome Analysis Of Hepatitis E Virus In Swine And Blood Donors, Duangnapa Intharasongkroh

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection affects approximately 20 million individuals and results in more than 50,000 deaths each year. The highest prevalence is in Asia where contaminated food and water are often the sources of infection. There was the difference among the genotype of human Hepatitis E virus which genotype 1 to 4 can infect human. HEV genotypes 1 and 2 are found only in humans and are responsible for viral hepatitis outbreaks, while genotypes 3 and 4 are zoonotic. The HEV infection in Thailand caused by HEV genotype 3f and usually found among adult males. However, the route of …

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Vitamin D Receptors Distribution And Mapk Activation In Cigarette Smoke Induced Emphysema Rats, Fatist Okrit Jan 2017

Vitamin D Receptors Distribution And Mapk Activation In Cigarette Smoke Induced Emphysema Rats, Fatist Okrit

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Rat model was used in this study in order to investigate subcellular vitamin D receptors (VDR) distribution and mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) alteration in the lungs of emphysema development after cigarette smoke exposure for 7 days (acute) and 14 days (subacute). Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups per each time point; 1) control (air exposed), 2) no-filter (smoke exposed without cigarette filter) and 3) filter (smoke exposed with cigarette filter) (n=5 per group). Each rat was daily and constantly exposed to 6 cigarettes smoke for 7 or 14 days. After 24 hours of the last …

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Molecular Epidemiology Of Human Enterovirus In Various Clinical Specimens With Suspected Enterovirus Infection, Jira Chansaenroj Jan 2017

Molecular Epidemiology Of Human Enterovirus In Various Clinical Specimens With Suspected Enterovirus Infection, Jira Chansaenroj

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Many infectious diseases have been well recognized caused by several genotypes of human enterovirus species which significantly in public health. Publications worldwide have reported on the emerging and re-emerging of enteroviruses. Until now, epidemiological surveillance data, clinical complication and evolutionary history regarding these viruses in actual on the Asia continent are still limited. To address these concerns, this study aimed to establish comprehensive population-based surveillances, and provided evidence for the evolution in many diseases such as acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis, herpangina, hand foot mouth disease, acute gastroenteritis, poliovirus and meningitis caused by enteroviruses. Employing reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and sequencing approaches …

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Generation And Characterization Of Hla-Universal, Ipsc-Derived Platelets, Phatchara Norbnop Jan 2017

Generation And Characterization Of Hla-Universal, Ipsc-Derived Platelets, Phatchara Norbnop

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Platelet demand has been increased around the world resulting from many factors including the rise of aging population, hematological malignancy incidence, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. In addition, inadequacy of donors or matched donors, time consuming, cost, the risk of transfusion-transmitted infections and transfusion-associated reactions, and platelet transfusion refractoriness are limits of this approach. To solve these problems, here we propose to generate platelets in vitro which do not induce alloimmunity to HLA class I, a major cause of immune factors in platelet transfusion refractoriness. In this study, we have knocked out β2-microglobulin gene (β2m) in iPSCs using paired CRISPR/Cas9 …

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