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2017

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Effects Of St. Lucie Estuarine Discharge Water And Thermal Stress On The Coral Montastraea Cavernosa, Alycia Shatters Jan 2017

Effects Of St. Lucie Estuarine Discharge Water And Thermal Stress On The Coral Montastraea Cavernosa, Alycia Shatters

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2010 - 2019

Coral reef declines, particularly in coastal zones, have been linked to thermal stress and anthropogenic impacts on water quality. St. Lucie Reef near Stuart, Florida receives increased estuarine efflux as a result of watershed changes and management policies that have substantially altered historic, natural flows. This research used ambient and elevated temperatures (25°C and 30°C, respectively), and offshore versus St. Lucie Estuarine discharge water to investigate the individual and interactive effects of thermal and water quality stress on Montastraea cavernosa, a dominant scleractinian coral species at St. Lucie Reef. These goals were accomplished using ex-situ, factorial, experimental design that was …

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Ethnicity, Gender And Pain Interference’S Influence On Depression Among Older Adults With Osteoarthritis, Jacinto J. Garrido Jan 2017

Ethnicity, Gender And Pain Interference’S Influence On Depression Among Older Adults With Osteoarthritis, Jacinto J. Garrido

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2010 - 2019

The leading cause of disability among older adults is osteoarthritis (OA) (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2017). Chronic pain associated with arthritis interferes with daily living among older adults and has been related to depression (Zanocchi et al., 2008). Research suggests that ethnicity and psychosocial factors may influence health outcomes of older adults with arthritis who are experiencing chronic pain and depression (Im, Guevara, & Chee, 2007; Wilson et al., 2014). The influence of ethnicity on depression among older adults with OA experiencing chronic pain is the phenomenon of interest for this study. Chronic pain that interferes with …

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African-American Leaders In The Field Of Science: A Template For Overcoming Obstacles, Waweise J. Schmidt Jan 2017

African-American Leaders In The Field Of Science: A Template For Overcoming Obstacles, Waweise J. Schmidt

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2010 - 2019

The purpose of this phenomenological multi-case study and three-person interview, was to discover what select prominent African-American scientists perceived were obstacles to overcome to be successful leaders in their professional lives, and the opportunities that aided in their professional growth. Through the addition of the threeperson interview, the researcher discovered commonalities between the perceived obstacles and opportunities of current science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) professionals and the perceptions of selected historically prominent scientists. This study examined documents of the period and relics of prominent African- Americans who were in STEM fields and lived from 1860 to 1968. A description …

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A Survey Of Gopherus Polyphemus Intestinal Parasites In South Florida, Jessica Huffman Jan 2017

A Survey Of Gopherus Polyphemus Intestinal Parasites In South Florida, Jessica Huffman

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2010 - 2019

Gopherus polyphemus populations are diminishing throughout their range due to urbanization, fragmentation, and poor management of habitats. Increased population densities, poor habitat quality, and lack of fire may influence disease transmission. Parasite roles within wild tortoise populations are largely unknown, despite evidence these pathogens may pose health risks. This study provides a baseline of gopher tortoise endoparasites across South Florida and reports on how varying environmental and tortoise characteristics may affect endoparasite species prevalence, approximate loads, and overall distributions. Tortoise fecal samples were taken from five differing SF habitats. Seven species of intestinal parasites were discovered from 123 tortoises. Identified …

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An Analysis Of Discourse Present In Sex Education Literature From Palm Beach County Middle Schools: Are Kids Really Learning?, Avila Elizabeth De Jan 2017

An Analysis Of Discourse Present In Sex Education Literature From Palm Beach County Middle Schools: Are Kids Really Learning?, Avila Elizabeth De

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2010 - 2019

Issues of sexual assault have become pervasive across all social strata in American society. Citizens need to start having conversations regarding these issues. To combat the issue of sexual assault, children need to be educated regarding the multifaceted aspects of sex through sex education in order to understand consent and resources they have available to them. Utilizing grounded theory methodology, this thesis analyzes sex education literature provided to Palm Beach County Middle School students. Using Burke’s theory of terministic screens and Foucauldian theories of power and control; an understanding of the ideological underpinnings of this literature and discourse were acquired. …

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Administrative Discretion In Public Policy Implementation: The Case Of No Child Left Behind (Nclb), Gilvert Angervil Jan 2017

Administrative Discretion In Public Policy Implementation: The Case Of No Child Left Behind (Nclb), Gilvert Angervil

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2010 - 2019

This dissertation analyzes administrative discretion in public policy implementation in application of a new framework of integrative approach to administrative discretion developed from deficiencies of the citizen participation, representative bureaucracy, and private-interest groups democracy frameworks. The new framework holds that public agencies use discretion to integrate in decision making views of elected authorities, private-interest groups, public-interest groups, and other groups that seek to influence implementation. The No Child Left Behind (NCLB) policy is used as the case study, and the U.S. Department of Education (DOE) is the implementation setting. The dissertation answers the following question: How integrative of group views …

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Behavioral And Electrophysiological Evidence For Hippocampal Involvement In Object Motion Processing In C57bl/6j Mice, Herborg Nanna Asgeirsdottir Jan 2017

Behavioral And Electrophysiological Evidence For Hippocampal Involvement In Object Motion Processing In C57bl/6j Mice, Herborg Nanna Asgeirsdottir

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2010 - 2019

Considerable research has been carried out to establish a rodent model for the study of human memory, yet functional similarities between the species remain up for debate. The hippocampus, a region deep within the medial temporal lobe of the mammalian CNS, is critical for long-term episodic memory. Projections from the medial entorhinal cortex convey spatial/contextual information, while projections from the lateral entorhinal cortex convey item/object information to the hippocampus. The functional significance of these parallel projections to the rodent hippocampus has been suggested to support spatial processing, while the same projections to the human hippocampus support spatial and non-spatial memory. …

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An Assessment Of Fecal Pollution In The St. Lucie Estuary And Indian River Lagoon, Carlie S. Perricone Jan 2017

An Assessment Of Fecal Pollution In The St. Lucie Estuary And Indian River Lagoon, Carlie S. Perricone

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2010 - 2019

Contamination of recreational waters with fecal waste, indicated by the presence of enterococci, can have consequences for human and ecosystem health. The difficulty in determining the extent and origin of fecal pollution in dynamic estuarine systems is compounded by contributions from sources including septic tanks and agricultural runoff. This study investigated fecal pollution at five sites with variable hydrological conditions in the St. Lucie Estuary and Indian River Lagoon. The distribution and occurrence of enterococci was assessed using traditional cultivation. A human-associated microbial source tracking assay was validated and applied in these estuaries using qPCR. Results demonstrated a correlation between …

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Autobiography Of An Exile: Analyzing The Reproduction Of Subjugation Found In Sean O’Casey’S Dublin Trilogy, Jason Benkly Jan 2017

Autobiography Of An Exile: Analyzing The Reproduction Of Subjugation Found In Sean O’Casey’S Dublin Trilogy, Jason Benkly

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2010 - 2019

Sean O’Casey’s Dublin Trilogy travels through the Irish revolutionary period and explores how this environment created a revolutionary Dublin where armed militants struggled to overthrow the authority and privileges of their British oppressors. Seeking to remove the colonial authority that had oppressed the Dublin population for so long, these revolutionaries fought, killed, and died in their quest for an independent Ireland. In this struggle, groups of armed men can be seen employing tactics that would only lead to the continued oppression of other sections of the Irish population. By connecting the Dublin Trilogy to his autobiographies, in which he highlights …

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Autophagy Gene Atg-18 Regulates C. Elegans Lifespan Cell Nonautonomously By Neuropeptide Signaling, Justin Minnerly Jan 2017

Autophagy Gene Atg-18 Regulates C. Elegans Lifespan Cell Nonautonomously By Neuropeptide Signaling, Justin Minnerly

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2010 - 2019

In the round worm C. elegans, it has recently been shown that autophagy, a highly conserved lysosomal degradation pathway that is present in all eukaryotic cells, is required for maintaining healthspan and for increasing the adult lifespan of worms fed under dietary restriction conditions or with reduced IGF signaling. It is currently unknown how extracellular signals regulate autophagy activity within different tissues during these processes and whether autophagy functions cell-autonomously or nonautonomously. We have data that for the first time shows autophagy activity in the neurons and intestinal cells plays a major role in regulating adult lifespan and the longevity …

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Examining Affectual Interaction Within The Therapeutic Relationship Across Three Psychotherapeutic Theoretical Approaches, Andrew Z. Baker Jan 2017

Examining Affectual Interaction Within The Therapeutic Relationship Across Three Psychotherapeutic Theoretical Approaches, Andrew Z. Baker

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2010 - 2019

The present study investigates the affectual interaction of three highly competent therapists using different theoretical approaches with a shared male client and female client in a professionally recorded video series. The interactions of clients and therapists in a total sample of six psychotherapy sessions were coded using the twenty code version of Gottman, Woodin, and Coan’s (1998) Specific Affect Coding System. Coded data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis tests which found no significant differences between the mean ranks of therapists’ codes between therapists. Significant effects among some affective behaviors were noted in therapists’ codes when compared by client. Coded data were …

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Factors That Predict Marijuana Use And Grade Point Average Among Undergraduate College Students, Marlena B. Coco Jan 2017

Factors That Predict Marijuana Use And Grade Point Average Among Undergraduate College Students, Marlena B. Coco

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2010 - 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze factors that predict marijuana use and grade point average among undergraduate college students using the Core Institute national database. The Core Alcohol and Drug Survey was used to collect data on students’ attitudes, beliefs, and experiences related to substance use in college. The sample used in this study was delimited to include only full-time undergraduate students (N =111,664) and data were collected from 2011 to 2015. Six research questions provided the foundation of the study, which was operationalized by Astin’s (1993) input environment outcome model (IEO). Descriptive analysis was conducted to describe …

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Exploring The Moderating Effect Of A Caring Work Environment On The Relationship Between Workplace Mistreatment And Nurses’ Ability To Provide Patient Care, Christine M. Moffa Jan 2017

Exploring The Moderating Effect Of A Caring Work Environment On The Relationship Between Workplace Mistreatment And Nurses’ Ability To Provide Patient Care, Christine M. Moffa

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2010 - 2019

Workplace mistreatment (bullying, horizontal violence, and incivility) has been shown to impact nurses’ work satisfaction, job turnover, and physical and mental health. However, there are limited studies that examine its effect on patient outcomes. A correlational descriptive study of 79 acute care nurses was used to test a social justice model for examining the relationship between workplace mistreatment, quantified as threats to dimensions of nurses’ well-being (health, personal security, reasoning, respect, attachment, and self-determination), and nurses’ ability to provide quality patient care. In addition, this study considered the moderating effect of caring work environment among co-workers on nurses’ ability to …

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Loneliness And Emotion Recognition: A Dynamical Description, Michele Stoehr Jan 2017

Loneliness And Emotion Recognition: A Dynamical Description, Michele Stoehr

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2010 - 2019

Loneliness – the feeling that manifests when one perceives one’s social needs are not being met by the quantity or especially the quality of one’s social relationships – is a common but typically short-lived and fairly harmless experience. However, recent research continues to uncover a variety of alarming health effects associated with longterm loneliness. The present study examines the psychological mechanisms underlying how persons scoring high in trait loneliness perceive their social environments. Evaluations of transient facial expression morphs are analyzed in R using dynamical systems methods. We hypothesize that, consistent with Cacioppo and Hawkley’s sociocognitive model, subjects scoring high …

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Marsh Ecosystem Services, Benefits, And Perceptions Of Value: Case Studies In Massachusetts, Virginia, And Georgia, Vince Edwards Jan 2017

Marsh Ecosystem Services, Benefits, And Perceptions Of Value: Case Studies In Massachusetts, Virginia, And Georgia, Vince Edwards

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2010 - 2019

Human reliance on the goods and services provided by ecosystems and the global decline in the health of many of these ecosystems, necessitates ecosystem valuation for the purposes of decision-making and conservation policy. The literature suggests that conventionally employed economic valuation methods have been unsuccessful in capturing the full scope of the benefits ecosystems provide, particularly those benefits that are considered cultural. This research explores public perceptions of salt marsh value through the use of focus groups in marsh-adjacent communities in Massachusetts, Virginia, and Georgia. Results suggest that in case study communities, outdoor experiences in salt marshes inspire serenity in …

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Maternal Influence On Early Infant Emotional Regulation: A Study Of 3-Month Infant Behavior, Cortisol And Frontal Eeg, Aliza T. Sloan Jan 2017

Maternal Influence On Early Infant Emotional Regulation: A Study Of 3-Month Infant Behavior, Cortisol And Frontal Eeg, Aliza T. Sloan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2010 - 2019

Prenatal maternal stress and mood, and early postnatal mother-infant interactions set the stage for the child’s psychobiological, neurological and social development. While a large body of research connecting maternal depression to infant EEG asymmetry exists, the current study sought to add to the sparse literature on maternal anxiety and infant EEG. Mother-infant dyads were assessed prenatally during the third trimester, soon after birth, at 6 weeks and 3 months postnatal. Association between maternal depression and later development of right mid-frontal alpha asymmetry was confirmed, while trends suggested maternal anxiety may be associated with lateral frontal alpha asymmetry. Greater maternal sensitivity …

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Mapping Past And Future Wars In Voice Of The People: Experiencing Narrative In The 3d/Vr Environment, Ivan Kalytovskyy Jan 2017

Mapping Past And Future Wars In Voice Of The People: Experiencing Narrative In The 3d/Vr Environment, Ivan Kalytovskyy

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2010 - 2019

We have an opportunity not only to interact with 3D content but also to immerse ourselves in it via Virtual Reality (VR). This work is deeply inspired by my experience as a Ukrainian witnessing the recent turmoil in my homeland. I wanted people around the globe to experience the horrors that are unfolding. The Voice of the People, explores narrative storytelling through VR. Ultimately, the viewer will be able to put on a VR headset and become deeply immersed in the story. With this technology, the user intimately experiences the war and devastation created by Russian occupation first hand. The …

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Mastery In The Therapeutic Relationship: Comparing The Emotional Behavior Of A Master Therapist With Professional Therapists And Its Impact On Their Clients, Patricia M. Diaz Jan 2017

Mastery In The Therapeutic Relationship: Comparing The Emotional Behavior Of A Master Therapist With Professional Therapists And Its Impact On Their Clients, Patricia M. Diaz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2010 - 2019

A quasi-experimental, between groups design was used to evaluate differences in emotional behavior, as measured by the Specific Affect Coding System (SPAFF), between professional therapists and their clients and a master therapist and his client. This coding system also was used to determine how emotional behavior shown by a master therapist changes over the course of six psychotherapy sessions. The research team recorded counseling sessions at a university counseling center in the southeastern United States and coded this video data using SPAFF in real time. Data were analyzed quantitatively to determine whether significant differences in SPAFF codes exist between the …

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Meteorological Conditions Affecting The Dispersion Of Landfill Odor Complaints, Mateja Vidovic Jan 2017

Meteorological Conditions Affecting The Dispersion Of Landfill Odor Complaints, Mateja Vidovic

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2010 - 2019

One of the factors recognized as affecting the dispersion of landfill odors off-site are complex meteorological conditions. A major issue is lack of consistent means to identify the odors and their intensity. The aim of this research was to investigate the influence of meteorological parameters (temperature, humidity, pressure, wind direction, wind speed, precipitation accumulation and weather conditions) on the frequency of odor complaints from nearby neighborhoods. Methods involved collection of ten years of data on odor complaints and weather conditions to determine if there were commonalities. Sophisticated statistical analyses employed did not reveal any relationships between odor complaints and weather …

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Millennial Nurse Manager Perspectives On Their Leadership Roles In The Hospital Setting: A Phenomenological Inquiry, Heather P. Saifman Jan 2017

Millennial Nurse Manager Perspectives On Their Leadership Roles In The Hospital Setting: A Phenomenological Inquiry, Heather P. Saifman

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2010 - 2019

The American Association of Colleges of Nursing (2016) contends meeting the challenge to transform care will require the successful leadership development, preparation, and role support of the next generation of nurse leaders. Despite the urgency to transform care, meeting the challenge to lead this charge cannot be accomplished without the successful recruitment and retention of Millennial nurses to leadership positions. Identifying the leadership role expectations and support variables that are important to these young managers and creating the milieus that support these views serve to address many pressing succession planning needs. This study explored the experience of being a Millennial …

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Modeling Long-Term Changes, 1958-2011, In The Reproduction And Territory Dynamics Of Bald Eagles Of Florida Bay, Southern Coastal Everglades, Jason W. Bosley Jan 2017

Modeling Long-Term Changes, 1958-2011, In The Reproduction And Territory Dynamics Of Bald Eagles Of Florida Bay, Southern Coastal Everglades, Jason W. Bosley

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2010 - 2019

As top-level piscivores, Bald Eagles are a compelling subject for the study of territory dynamics and are highly representative of the distinctive suite of avian species that occupy Florida Bay. Despite successful recovery of Bald Eagles (Haliaeetus leuocephalus) throughout the species range, the population breeding within Florida Bay has not mirrored this trend. Beginning in the late 1980s, Florida Bay has suffered in its capacity to support species diversity and abundance as a result of extreme changes in hydrology related to altered flows of incoming freshwater. In fact, Bald Eagle territory use in Florida Bay has declined by as much …

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Hackathons As Co-Optation Ritual: Socializing Workers And Institutionalizing Innovation In The “New” Economy, Sharon Zukin, Max Papadantonakis Jan 2017

Hackathons As Co-Optation Ritual: Socializing Workers And Institutionalizing Innovation In The “New” Economy, Sharon Zukin, Max Papadantonakis

Publications and Research

Hackathons, time-bounded competitive events where participants write computer code and build apps, have become a popular means of socializing tech students and workers to produce “innovation” despite little promise of material reward. Although they offer participants opportunities for learning new skills and face-to-face networking, and set up interaction rituals that create an emotional “high,” potential advantage is even greater for the events’ corporate sponsors, who use them to outsource work, crowdsource innovation, and enhance their reputation. Ethnographic observations and informal interviews carried out at seven public hackathons held in New York City during the course of a single school year …

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Fattitude The Movie: Theory And Praxis Of Creating A Documentary That Examines Fat Representation And Fat Social Justice, Lindsey Averill Jan 2017

Fattitude The Movie: Theory And Praxis Of Creating A Documentary That Examines Fat Representation And Fat Social Justice, Lindsey Averill

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2010 - 2019

This dissertation explores the making of and research for the film, Fattitude, a social justice based documentary that looks to awaken viewers to the reality of weight bias in media representation. This dissertation reviews the filmmaking process and then engages with the nature of stereotypes about fat bodies. Deeply tied to feminist and fat studies theory, the work here seeks to categorize and shape the understanding of weight bias in the media by linking fat tropes to clearly understood images of oppression, for example the monstrous, the fool, they hypersexual and the asexual. The work also seeks to present theory …

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Flexural Behavior Of Concrete Using Basalt Frp Rebar, Dylan Trotsek Jan 2017

Flexural Behavior Of Concrete Using Basalt Frp Rebar, Dylan Trotsek

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2010 - 2019

The objective of this research is to determine if the deflection equations currently adopted in ACI 440.1r-15 and previously ACI 440.1r-06 accurately reflect the flexural behavior of an overreinforced Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer (BFRP) concrete beam. This was accomplished with experimental, analytical and numerical models. The experiment consisted of two beams doublyreinforced with BFRP rebar. A three-point flexural test on beams with a 30 in. clear span was performed and the deflections were recorded with a dial gauge and LVDT system. This data was compared to the equations from ACI 440.1r-06, ACI 440.1r-15, Branson’s equation and a numerical model created …

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For Pets’ Sake: Is There A Need For Dog Safety Community Education?, Jaclyn Nicole Falcone Jan 2017

For Pets’ Sake: Is There A Need For Dog Safety Community Education?, Jaclyn Nicole Falcone

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2010 - 2019

The history of the human-canine relationship and the human-canine bond is longstanding and has grown and developed throughout the years. Today, dogs are considered part of the family and are beneficial in impacting people across the United States. Introducing the community to dog safety education may strengthen the awareness and confidence of dog lovers across the state of Florida and hopefully reduce the number of preventable dog emergencies. This research suggested the reasons for dog ownership and the importance of protecting our beloved canines by presenting a literature review covering the evolution of the human-canine relationship, human-canine bond, positive effects …

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Guenon Hybridization And Its Effects On Parasite Infection In Gombe National Park, Tanzania, Raymond C Jr Blair Jan 2017

Guenon Hybridization And Its Effects On Parasite Infection In Gombe National Park, Tanzania, Raymond C Jr Blair

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2010 - 2019

Fecal samples were obtained from guenons in Gombe National Park utilizing noninvasive, opportunistic sampling techniques. Samples were then examined for the presence of gastrointestinal parasites using chlorazol black stain, Lugol’s iodine staining, as well as concentration via fecal flotation with Sheather’s sugar solution. Results were analyzed using SPSS (IBM corp), and compared to other forested regions in Africa to determine whether hybridization influences parasite prevalence of these guenons living in Gombe; and if these guenons differ from similar guenons in other regions of Africa. The null hypothesis was unable to be rejected in all cases; hybridization could not be stated …

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Landscaping Practices, Environmental Ethics, And Sustainability In South Florida, Iiro Maki Jan 2017

Landscaping Practices, Environmental Ethics, And Sustainability In South Florida, Iiro Maki

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2010 - 2019

The research conducted for this thesis explores the link between environmental ethics and household landscaping practices. The central issue of any concept of sustainability is the incommensurability of various elements that define approaches, which is why it is treated here as a politicoethical process of subjective valuation. The ethics of sustainability were delineated according to major currents in environmental ethics, as well as briefly illustrated in the context of a broad discussion of climate change and resource availability, with some examples of strategies at different institutional levels. An online survey of 87 participants provided responses about local landscaping practices, environmental …

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Behavioral Expressions Of Jealousy Across The First Two Years Of Life: Associations With Eeg Asymmetry, Cortisol Reactivity And Attachment Security, Melannie Platt Jan 2017

Behavioral Expressions Of Jealousy Across The First Two Years Of Life: Associations With Eeg Asymmetry, Cortisol Reactivity And Attachment Security, Melannie Platt

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2010 - 2019

Jealousy is understood as a system of physiological, behavioral, and emotional responses, yet few studies have examined these aspects of jealousy simultaneously in infants. Further, jealousy paradigms have not been examined as a potential stressor in infancy and thus typical cortisol reactivity and regulation patterns in response to jealousy paradigms have not been observed. In addition, the contribution of attachment security to infant expressions of jealousy has been vastly understudied. The present study seeks to fill the current gaps in the infant jealousy literature by investigating quantitative and qualitative changes in infant jealousy across the first two years of life. …

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Cellular Computation In Primary Visual Cortex, Daniel E. Wilson Jan 2017

Cellular Computation In Primary Visual Cortex, Daniel E. Wilson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2010 - 2019

Individual neurons in the primary visual cortex respond selectively to different features of visual stimuli, such as spatial orientation or direction of motion. A longstanding goal in systems neuroscience has been to understand the transformations single cells perform as they integrate synaptic inputs to generate spiking output. Recent technological developments have facilitated these lines of investigation by enabling direct measurement of the functional properties of single synaptic inputs to neurons in the neocortex. It remains an outstanding question as to whether the tuning of single neocortical neurons can be predicted by their excitatory synaptic inputs. Here, I show that excitatory …

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Cellular Basis Of Sponge-Sponge Associations, Megan Conkling Jan 2017

Cellular Basis Of Sponge-Sponge Associations, Megan Conkling

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2010 - 2019

Marine sponges interact and coexist with many different organisms. A two-sponge association between Amphimedon erina and Geodia gibberosa commonly occurs in the Florida Keys. Previous studies have only focused on the ecological influence of the association; they did not examine the cellular basis of the association. This association between A. erina and G. gibberosa was used in the development of an in vitro model to further the understanding of the cellular basis of natural sponge-sponge associations. In this study, sponge cells were cultured individually and in co-cultures and their responses related to apoptosis, cell death, and proliferation were monitored using …

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