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Rapid Surface Water Volume Estimations In Beaver Ponds, Daniel J. Karran, Cherie J. Westbrook, Joseph M. Wheaton, Carol A. Johnston, Angela Bedard-Haughn

Natural Resource Management Faculty Publications

Beaver ponds are surface water features that are transient through space and time. Such qualities complicate the inclusion of beaver ponds in local and regional water balances, and in hydrological models, as reliable estimates of surface water storage are difficult to acquire without time and labour intensive topographic surveys. A simpler approach to overcome this challenge is needed, given the abundance of the beaver ponds in North America, Eurasia and southern South America. We investigated whether simple morphometric characteristics derived from readily available aerial imagery or quickly measured field attributes of beaver ponds can be used to approximate surface water …

Prophylactic Bacteriophage Administration More Effective Than Post-Infection Administration In Reducing Salmonella Enterica Serovar Enteritidis Shedding In Quail, Mosab Ahmadi, M. Amir Karimi Torshizi, Shaban Rahimi, John J. Dennehy

Publications and Research

Infections caused by Salmonella bacteria, often through poultry products, are a serious public health issue. Because of drawbacks associated with antibiotic prophylaxis, alternative treatments are sought. Bacterial viruses (bacteriophages) may provide an effective alternative, but concerns remain with respect to bacteriophage stability and effectiveness. To this end, we assessed the stability of a novel bacteriophage isolated from poultry excreta, siphovirus PSE, and its effectiveness in reducing Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis colonization in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we sought to determine how the timing (prophylactic or therapeutic) and route (oral gavage or vent lip) of PSE administration impacted its effectiveness. …

Autophagic Turnover Of Inactive 26s Proteasomes In Yeast Is Directed By The Ubiquitin Receptor Cue5 And The Hsp42 Chaperone, Richard S. Marshall, Fionn Mcloughlin, Richard D. Vierstra

Biology Faculty Research

Highlights

• The yeast 26S proteasome is degraded by Atg8-mediated autophagy
• Nitrogen starvation and inactivation stimulate proteaphagy via distinct pathways
• Proteasome inhibition is accompanied by extensive ubiquitylation of the complex
• Proteaphagy engages the Cue5 autophagy receptor and the Hsp42 chaperone

Summary

The autophagic clearance of 26S proteasomes (proteaphagy) is an important homeostatic mechanism within the ubiquitin system that modulates proteolytic capacity and eliminates damaged particles. Here, we define two proteaphagy routes in yeast that respond to either nitrogen starvation or particle inactivation. Whereas the core autophagic machineries required for Atg8 lipidation and vesiculation are essential for both routes, the upstream Atg1 …

Factors Contributing To The Economic Self-Sufficiency Of At-Risk Foster Youth Who Have Aged Out Of Care, Alexzandra M. Hust

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Foster youth aging out of care encounter many struggles upon transitioning into adulthood, resulting in an increased risk of homelessness and adverse social, health, and financial outcomes. This study aimed to determine if various factors (environmental factors: education, mental health service, social support and personal factors: incarceration, substance abuse referral, and unplanned parenthood) were associated with indicators of economic self-sufficiency (full-time and part-time employment, housing stability, and use of financial, food, and housing assistance). Multiple logistic regressions were conducted to explore risk and predictive factors of each indicator of economic self-sufficiency with a sample of 265 19 year old foster …

Cohousing In The Flower City: A Carbon Capture Design, Samuel Elliot

Theses

Our climate is changing rapidly due to an excess of greenhouse gases in the Earth’s atmosphere. A major force behind the release of these gases is the means by which we generate our energy — the combustion of fossil fuels. One of the biggest drivers of this energy demand within the United States is our built environment and more pointedly our cold-climate, urban based, residential building stock. All signs indicate that unless steps are taken, this demand will continue to grow. Ed Mazria’s Architecture 2030 Challenge proposes an ambitious plan for achieving carbon neutrality in buildings by 2030. What if …

Popular Summer Program Develops Student Leaders, University Communications

News and Events (Discontinued Series)

No abstract provided.

Achieving Science With Cubesats: Thinking Inside The Box, Thomas H. Zurbuchen, Bhavya Lal

Small Satellite Conference

No abstract provided.

What's All The Fuss About Coding?, Tim Bell

2009 - 2019 ACER Research Conferences

The idea of teaching ‘coding’ to school students has become popular, and the term appears in the names of many initiatives, such as Hour of Code and Code Club. But what do we really mean by ‘coding’, and why would you want every child to learn it? Won’t it be outdated soon? This paper looks at these issues, and why topics such as computer science are being taught to all students. This includes an assessment of misunderstandings around the idea of compulsory programming for every student, and the challenges that accompany the introduction of such topics into schools.

Dominance Hierarchies In Horses: Comparing And Contrasting Different Methods For Assessing Hierarchies, Devyn Bailey

Ursidae: The Undergraduate Research Journal at the University of Northern Colorado

Understanding animal social structures is imperative when it comes to the care, housing and handling of large herd animals. Knowing how hierarchies are structured, along with environmental and physiological aspects that may affect them, will allow owners and breeders to house and care for their animals. The aim of my study was to better understand two methods used to assess dominance hierarchies in horses, Equus caballus, and to predict which method would be more useful for owners housing domestic horses. I designed an experiment where I compared a structured method, the paired feeding test, with behavioral observations from the …

Liberal Arts Education And The End Of The World As You Know It, Bruce Campbell

Headwaters

Bruce Campbell is Professor of Hispanic Studies and Latino/Latin American Studies. He delivered the convocation address as the 2010 winner of the Robert L. Spaeth Teacher of Distinction Award at Saint John’s University.

The Floral Charms Of Saint John’S: A Survey Of Botanical Communities, Stephen G. Saupe, Paul Melchior

Headwaters

Saint John’s is a “landscape paradise” in central Minnesota. Although no complete checklist of vegetation exists for the campus, various surveys reveal a diverse flora. This floral wealth is the result of several terrestrial biomes converging on campus — prairie, savanna, deciduous forest, and coniferous forest — as well as diverse aquatic habitats including both lakes and wetlands. A 56-acre restored prairie at the entrance of Saint John’s is dominated by big bluestem and little bluestem. A savanna has been restored to the north and east of the Gemini Lakes and is characterized by bur oaks scattered among prairie grasses …

Must Try Harder : An Evaluation Of The Uk Government’S Policy Directions In Stem Education, Pauline Hoyle

2009 - 2019 ACER Research Conferences

There is a common issue across Europe and the UK that vexes governments, employers and educationalists: the need for more young people to choose to study STEM subjects, become graduates in STEM subjects and then take up STEM careers. In addition, there is an urgent need for more STEM skills in the total workforce. For decades, the UK government has been committed to addressing this issue with a range of activities and strategies. Since the influential UK Government report conducted by Sir Gareth Roberts (2002), there have been policy and funding commitments by the various UK governments to improve outcomes …

Acer Research Conference Proceedings (2016), Australian Council For Educational Research (Acer)

2009 - 2019 ACER Research Conferences

The focus of ACER’s Research Conference 2016 will be on what we are learning from research about ways of improving levels of STEM learning. Australia faces significant challenges in promoting improved science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) learning in our schools. Research Conference 2016 will showcase research into what it will take to address these challenges, which include: the decline in Australian students’ mathematical and scientific ‘literacy’; the decline in STEM study in senior school; a shortage of highly qualified STEM subject teachers, and curriculum challenges. You will hear from researchers who work with teachers to engage students in studying …

Monitoring The Charge Distribution During Proton And Sodium Ion Conduction Along Chains Of Water Molecules And Protein Residues, Steve Scheiner

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Quantum calculations are used to determine the level of delocalization of the charge of a cation as it translates along a chain of water molecules or glycine residues. Charge dispersal is monitored via the molecular electrostatic potential and the dipole moment of the entire system. The positive charge is largely localized on the water molecule on which the proton is situated, but becomes more intense and extended as the proton moves along the chain. The positive charge is more delocalized in protonated polyglycine, where it extends over at least an entire residue. Displacement of the proton along the chain intensifies …

Oyster ( Crassostrea Virginica ) Recruitment Studies In The Great Bay Estuary, New Hampshire, Robert L. Eckert

PREP Reports & Publications

Oyster populations in New Hampshire’s Great Bay Estuary have experienced dramatic declines similar to populations along the east coast. These declines have caused ecosystem degradation in estuaries and prompted a focus on oyster reef restoration. Despite the large use of procured funds dedicated for oyster reef restoration, few quantifiable successes have occurred. Currently, there is no rigorous method for determining where a restored reef would have the highest probability for long-term success. However, consistent and substantial natural recruitment is a major factor to consider. In this research, I identify historic trends in oyster populations, quantify the success and failures of …

Modeling Pco2 Variability In The Gulf Of Mexico, Zuo Xue, Ruoying He, Katja Fennel, Wei Jun Cai, Steven Lohrenz, Wei Jen Huang, Hanqin Tian, Wei Ren, Zhengchen Zang

Faculty Publications

A three-dimensional coupled physical-biogeochemical model was used to simulate and examine temporal and spatial variability of sea surface pCO2 in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM). The model was driven by realistic atmospheric forcing, open boundary conditions from a dataassimilative global ocean circulation model, and observed freshwater and terrestrial nutrient and carbon input from major rivers. A 7-year model hindcast (2004-2010) was performed and validated against ship measurements. Model results revealed clear seasonality in surface pCO2 and were used to estimate carbon budgets in the Gulf. Based on the average of model simulations, the GoM was a net CO2 sink with …

Mitochondrial Akt Regulation Of Hypoxic Tumor Reprogramming., Young Chan Chae, Valentina Vaira, M. Cecilia Caino, Hsin-Yao Tang, Jae Ho Seo, Andrew V. Kossenkov, Luisa Ottobrini, Cristina Martelli, Giovanni Lucignani, Irene Bertolini, Marco Locatelli, Kelly G. Bryant, Jagadish C. Ghosh, Sofia Lisanti, Bonsu Ku, Silvano Bosari, Lucia R. Languino, David W. Speicher, Dario C. Altieri

Department of Cancer Biology Faculty Papers

Hypoxia is a universal driver of aggressive tumor behavior, but the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. Using a phosphoproteomics screen, we now show that active Akt accumulates in the mitochondria during hypoxia and phosphorylates pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1) on Thr346 to inactivate the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. In turn, this pathway switches tumor metabolism toward glycolysis, antagonizes apoptosis and autophagy, dampens oxidative stress, and maintains tumor cell proliferation in the face of severe hypoxia. Mitochondrial Akt-PDK1 signaling correlates with unfavorable prognostic markers and shorter survival in glioma patients and may provide an "actionable" therapeutic target in cancer.

“And It’S Just When I Think I’Ve Won The Staring Contest”: Viewing The World Through Science And Poetry With Madhur Anand, Alec Follett

The Goose

In this interview, poet and ecologist Madhur Anand discusses her collection of poetry, A New Index for Predicting Catastrophes, with Alec Follett. She considers the poetic potential of scientific language as well as other topics related to her poetry and her research including field guides, biodiversity, and socio-ecological relationships.

Mythcon 47 - Faces Of Mythology: Ancient, Medieval, And Modern, The Mythopoeic Society

Mythcon Programs

Inspired by the 60th anniversary of C.S. Lewis's Till We Have Faces and The Last Battle, this year's theme focuses on the mythology that has shaped and "given faces" to so many of our beloved characters, ranging from the myths of the Ancient Greeks to the legends of the Middle Ages and even to the modern mythology of the American Southwest. Similarly, this mythological influence is also evident in the works of many of our favorite mythopoeic authors, from J.R.R. Tolkien to J.K. Rowling, from Ursula K. Le Guin to Alan Garner, and many, many more.

Unh Research: Cold Weather Makes For Tastier Spinach, Lori Tyler Gula

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

The Impact Of Movement On Student Learning And Engagement, Nina Marie Bauernfeind

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Theses and Dissertations

The research question addressed in this project was, what impact does movement have on student learning and engagement? It focused on the teaching strategies used by one teacher in a low income school setting. Students were enrolled in a court ordered treatment program with minimal opportunities for movement throughout the day. Primary and secondary analyses of various mediums including surveys, formative assessments, warm¬up questions, as well as behavior logs were collected and analyzed. This data was used to investigate changes in engagement, long term comprehension, and behavior, among other things. The teacher’s findings were then compared to the literature. The …

Low-Cost Compact Diffuse Speckle Contrast Flowmeter Using Small Laser Diode And Bare Charge-Coupled-Device, Chong Huang, Myeongsu Seong, Joshua Paul Morgan, Siavash Mazdeyasna, Jae Gwan Kim, Jeffrey Todd Hastings, Guoqiang Yu

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

We report a low-cost compact diffuse speckle contrast flowmeter (DSCF) consisting of a small laser diode and a bare charge-coupled-device (CCD) chip, which can be used for contact measurements of blood flow variations in relatively deep tissues (up to ∼8  mm). Measurements of large flow variations by the contact DSCF probe are compared to a noncontact CCD-based diffuse speckle contrast spectroscopy and a standard contact diffuse correlation spectroscopy in tissue phantoms and a human forearm. Bland–Altman analysis shows no significant bias with good limits of agreement among these measurements: 96.5% ± 2.2% (94.4% to 100.0%) in phantom experiments and 92.8% …

Modeling PCo2 Variability In The Gulf Of Mexico, Zuo Xue, Ruoying He, Katja Fennel, Wei-Jun Cai, Steven Lohrenz, Wei-Jen Huang, Hanqin Tian, Wei Ren, Zhengchen Zang

Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications

A three-dimensional coupled physical–biogeochemical model was used to simulate and examine temporal and spatial variability of sea surface pCO₂ in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM). The model was driven by realistic atmospheric forcing, open boundary conditions from a data-assimilative global ocean circulation model, and observed freshwater and terrestrial nutrient and carbon input from major rivers. A 7-year model hindcast (2004–2010) was performed and validated against ship measurements. Model results revealed clear seasonality in surface pCO₂ and were used to estimate carbon budgets in the Gulf. Based on the average of model simulations, the GoM was a …

Inhibiting Androgen Receptor Nuclear Entry In Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer, Julie A. Pollock, Suzanne E. Wardell, Alexander A. Parent, David B. Stagg, Stephanie J. Ellison, Holly M. Alley, Christina A. Chao, Scott A. Lawrence, James P. Stice, Ivan Spasojevic, Jennifer G. Baker, Sung Hoon Kim, Donald P. Mcdonnell, John A. Katzenellenbogen, John D. Norris

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Clinical resistance to the second-generation antiandrogen enzalutamide in castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), despite persistent androgen receptor (AR) activity in tumors, highlights the unmet medical need for next generation antagonists. We have identified and characterized tetra-aryl cyclobutanes (CBs) as a new class of competitive AR antagonists that exhibit a unique mechanism of action. These CBs are structurally distinct from current antiandrogens (hydroxyflutamide, bicalutamide, and enzalutamide), and inhibit AR-mediated gene expression, cell proliferation, and tumor growth in several models of CRPC. Conformational profiling revealed that CBs stabilize an AR conformation resembling an unliganded receptor. Using a variety of techniques, it was …

Week Of August 8, 2016, New York Medical College

InTouch

• NYMC Welcomes SOM Class of 2020
• Andrew Mutnick, M.D. '01, Is Named SOM Associate Dean for Student Affairs
• SOM Office of Admissions Seeks MMI Interviewers
• SOM Offers High School Students Hands-On Look at Medicine

Modeling Zombie Outbreaks: A Problem-Based Approach To Improving Mathematics One Brain At A Time, Matthew Lewis, James A. Powell

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

A great deal of educational literature has focused on problem-based learning (PBL) in mathematics at the primary and secondary level, but arguably there is an even greater need for PBL in college math courses. We present a project centered around the Humans vs. Zombies moderated tag game played on the USU campus. We discuss the project in the context of an undergraduate differential equations course and discuss how the project is launched. We highlight examples of students mathematical models along with their verbal and written responses as well as discussing assessment and student learning. Results are discussed in the context …

High Efficiency Near Diffraction-Limited Mid-Infrared Flat Lenses Based On Metasurface Reflectarrays, Shuyan Zhang, Myoung Hwan Kim, Francesco Aieta, Alan She, Tobias Mansuripur, Ilan Gabay, Mohammadreza Khorasaninejad, David Rousso, Xiaojun Wang, Mariano Troccoli

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications

We report the first demonstration of a mid-IR reflection-based flat lens with high efficiency and near diffraction-limited focusing. Focusing efficiency as high as 80%, in good agreement with simulations (83%), has been achieved at 45° incidence angle at λ = 4.6 μm. The off-axis geometry considerably simplifies the optical arrangement compared to the common geometry of normal incidence in reflection mode which requires beam splitters. Simulations show that the effects of incidence angle are small compared to parabolic mirrors with the same NA. The use of single-step photolithography allows large scale fabrication. Such a device is important in the development …

The Techedsat/Phonesat Missions For Small Payload Quick Return, Marcus Murbach, Richard Alena, Ali Guarneros Luna

Small Satellite Conference

In 2014, Ames Research Center launched the Technical Educational Satellite 4 (TechEdSat 4) from an external launcher aboard the International Space Station. This experimental CubeSat deployed an exobrake, an exo-atmospheric drag chute that can be used for controlled de-orbit of a small payload canister from earth orbit. This capability is useful for returning biological samples from ISS and even planetary samples from beyond the earth. Such capability can support better biological and medical science experiments and is a long-term goal of NASA and industry.

The results of the TechEdSat 4 (TES4) mission will be presented along with the design of …

Medical School Watercooler Newsletter - August 7, 2016, Lindsey Lyle

Watercooler Newsletter

This is the August 7, 2016 edition of the Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine's newsletter - Watercooler.

Contents Include:

• USA Mourns Loss of Dr. Herbert H. Winkler
• USA Welcomes Dr. Elizabeth Park
• Dr. Brooks Cash Quoted in TIME Magazine
• South Alabama Pediatricians, Family Physicians, Hospital Administrators Announce Local Impact of Medicaid Cut

Are Insects Sentient?, Michael Tye

Animal Sentience

I comment on the methodology used by Klein & Barron for dealing with the question of insect sentience and I briefly make a proposal of my own. Once it is granted that insects are sentient, a further question arises: which insects are subject to which states of sentience? Do insects feel pain, for example? If so, which ones? On the further question, I note, Klein & Barron have nothing to say.