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2016

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Evaluation Of Contrast Agents Used In Computed Tomography, Michael Joseph Bonvento Dec 2016

Evaluation Of Contrast Agents Used In Computed Tomography, Michael Joseph Bonvento

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Contrast agents have been routinely employed in radiographic applications for more than 80 years and in computed tomography (CT) for more than 50 years. These agents have high atomic number increasing the photoelectric interaction probability thereby reducing photon intensity projected through the contrast containing structure and improving available image contrast. A wide variety of contrast agents have been examined over the years, however, iodine and barium containing agents make up the vast majority of applications. Other agents are or may become available which may find utility due to reduced toxicity, better characteristics for imaging or dose reduction. This is particularly …

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Diffuse Correlation And Optical Spectroscopies For The Monitoring Of Spinal Cord Hemodynamics, Angela Sofia Kogler Dec 2016

Diffuse Correlation And Optical Spectroscopies For The Monitoring Of Spinal Cord Hemodynamics, Angela Sofia Kogler

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Spinal cord ischemia, caused by a prolonged loss of blood flow to the spinal cord, can occur as a result of direct trauma to the spinal cord or as a complication of major vascular, spine and spinal cord surgery, and surgeries for the stabilization of spinal cord trauma, often resulting in partial or complete paresis/paralysis. Current electrophysiological methods employed to detect spinal cord ischemia, namely somatosensory and motor evoked potentials, are indirect, temporally insensitive, nonspecific, and cumbersome. There is no technology currently available that can directly and immediately detect the onset of spinal cord ischemia, nor provide immediate feedback on …

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Carbon Nanotubes As Localized Microwave Hyperthermia Agents, Shawn Xie Dec 2016

Carbon Nanotubes As Localized Microwave Hyperthermia Agents, Shawn Xie

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in recent years have been cited to provide great potential for biomedical applications such as drug delivery, imaging and hyperthermia. In particular, it has been shown that they are able to interact with a broad array of electromagnetic radiation, including microwaves. The latter is of great interest for cancer imaging and therapy due to its non-ionizing nature and unique balance of spatial resolution and penetration depth, as well as ability to thermally ablate tumor tissue. Combined with microwaves, CNTs can serve as a platform with high selectivity of microwave absorption, enabling selective microwave thermal therapy, and effective …

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Neurocomputation, Dopaminergic Treatment, And Cognitive Control In Early-Stage Parkinson's Disease, Pete Manza Dec 2016

Neurocomputation, Dopaminergic Treatment, And Cognitive Control In Early-Stage Parkinson's Disease, Pete Manza

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder involving the basal ganglia that results in a host of motor and cognitive deficits. The hallmark motor symptoms of the disease, such as tremor and rigidity, are generally well-treated with medications that boost the neurotransmitter dopamine. However, whether dopamine-replacement therapy restores cognitive function is under intense debate. While some studies have shown cognitive benefits for individuals taking dopaminergic medications, others have reported null findings or even exacerbated cognitive impairment for individuals in the medicated state. Current theories generally attribute the variety of findings to task differences and the uneven pattern of PD neuropathology …

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Phd, Xiaofei Liang Dec 2016

Phd, Xiaofei Liang

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

As(III) compounds have high affinity for thiol groups and this affinity has been used in the prior development of FlAsH and related tags for cysteine peptides. We aimed to develop a series of arsenic-based receptors designed to bind to different arrangements of cysteines within native alpha-helical protein structures. Computer modeling was used to define the proper arrangement of arsenic functionality for binding to each targeted sequence. The computer program HostDesigner was then used to discover scaffold structures on which to display the arsenic functionality at the proper distance and relative orientation to bind the targeted sequence. Designed structures were then …

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Green Synthesis, Characterization, And Application Of Metal-Based Nanomaterials, Crystal Lewis Dec 2016

Green Synthesis, Characterization, And Application Of Metal-Based Nanomaterials, Crystal Lewis

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Metal-based nanomaterials have attracted significant research interest due to their unique size-dependent optical, magnetic, electronic, thermal, mechanical, and chemical properties as compared with their bulk counterparts. These advantageous and tailorable properties render these materials as ideal candidates for catalysis, photovoltaics, and even biomedical applications. However, nanomaterials are typically synthesized via chemical or physical processes, which are continuing to rise in cost, complexity, and toxicity. As a result, ‘milder’ and more environmentally benign nanoscale synthetic methodologies, particularly U-tube double diffusion, molten salt, and hydrothermal techniques, have been utilized to mitigate for these drawbacks. Moreover, these efficient and facile techniques coupled with …

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Mechanistic And Structural Insight Into Amyloid Formation By Islet Amyloid Polypeptide: Implications For Monitoring The Amylome, Amy Wong Dec 2016

Mechanistic And Structural Insight Into Amyloid Formation By Islet Amyloid Polypeptide: Implications For Monitoring The Amylome, Amy Wong

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Amyloid fibrils are insoluble peptide or protein aggregates that are fibrous, predominantly β-sheet, and highly ordered. Amyloid formation plays an important role in an array of human diseases including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s disease. The proteins that form amyloid vary greatly in native structure and function however, the resultant amyloid plaques formed when these proteins misfold share many structural features. The work herein describes the recent research on islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP, or amylin), a neuroendocrine hormone that is co-secreted with insulin and has been observed to form amyloid plaques in the pancreas, a process that has been shown to …

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Development And Application Of An Integrated Parallel Platform On Short–Read Sequences Assembly | Development And Application Of An Integrated Parallel Platform On Short–Read Sequences Assembly, Fei He Dec 2016

Development And Application Of An Integrated Parallel Platform On Short–Read Sequences Assembly | Development And Application Of An Integrated Parallel Platform On Short–Read Sequences Assembly, Fei He

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Rapid and automated next generation sequencing (NGS) methods have emerged recently and significantly accelerated the research in biological and medical fields. The high-throughput NGS usually generates billions of shorter reads, which poses great bioinformatics challenges on extracting meaningful information from these massive data, one of which is de novo assembly. At the same time, the fast development of massive parallel processing (MPP) systems presents a substantial opportunity for processing larger datasets. Therefore, using supercomputer innovations on NGS research promises a good strategy; however, this application is not straightforward and requires new algorithms and parallel design for efficient implementations. In this …

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Don’T Look Now: The Child In Horror Cinema And Media | Don’T Look Now: The Child In Horror Cinema And Media, Hans Staats Dec 2016

Don’T Look Now: The Child In Horror Cinema And Media | Don’T Look Now: The Child In Horror Cinema And Media, Hans Staats

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

This dissertation examines the definition of the monstrous child in horror cinema and media. Spanning from 1955 to 2009 and beyond, the question of what counts as a monstrous child illuminates a perennial cinematic preoccupation with monstrosity and the relation between the normal and the pathological. Films like The Night of the Hunter (Charles Laughton, 1955), The Bad Seed (Mervyn LeRoy, 1956), Village of the Damned (Wolf Rilla, 1960), The Innocents (Jack Clayton, 1961), Don’t Look Now (Nicolas Roeg, 1973), Profondo rosso/Deep Red (Dario Argento, 1975), Carrie (Brian De Palma, 1976), Halloween (John Carpenter, 1978), Child’s Play (Tom Holland, 1988), …

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Plant Community Composition, Species Coexistence, And Community Assembly In The Riparian Zones Of Small Streams In New York State, Emily Joyce Rollinson Dec 2016

Plant Community Composition, Species Coexistence, And Community Assembly In The Riparian Zones Of Small Streams In New York State, Emily Joyce Rollinson

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Many mechanisms may contribute to the diversity and composition of an ecological community. In riparian habitats, which are often described as both very diverse and very susceptible to biological invasions, flood disturbances may be a predominant structuring mechanism. In this dissertation I use several approaches to describe the mechanisms governing the diversity and composition of riparian plant communities along small streams. I performed a systematic literature review of the role of disturbances in facilitating plant invasions in general and in riparian plant communities in particular. General trends in the effects of disturbance on plant communities may be difficult to detect …

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Shrouded In The Womb Of A Savage, Cradled In The Arms Of An Ape: Gothic Scenes Of Racial Recapitulation In The Making Of The American Ãœbermensch | Shrouded In The Womb Of A Savage, Cradled In The Arms Of An Ape: Gothic Scenes Of Racial Recapitulation In The Making Of The American Übermensch, Ian Anthony Bacchus Dec 2016

Shrouded In The Womb Of A Savage, Cradled In The Arms Of An Ape: Gothic Scenes Of Racial Recapitulation In The Making Of The American Ãœbermensch | Shrouded In The Womb Of A Savage, Cradled In The Arms Of An Ape: Gothic Scenes Of Racial Recapitulation In The Making Of The American Übermensch, Ian Anthony Bacchus

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Slavery is often put forward as the crucial horror that haunts the nation, and is touted, as Leslie Fiedler noted, as “the proper subject for American Gothic†. This thesis does not dispute a historical location for the American Gothic, but it argues for a different starting place for the self-consciously Gothic impulse in the literature of the nation. It is not the original sin of slavery that underpins the American Gothic, but the original anxiety experienced by an infant nation as it first distances itself from its ancestral country, and then asserts its independence and superiority. It is an …

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Othering The Mother: Traumatic Effects Of Motherhood On The Formation Of Identity In Toni Morrison’S Beloved | Othering The Mother: Traumatic Effects Of Motherhood On The Formation Of Identity In Toni Morrison’S Beloved, Gabriella Elizabeth Greco Dec 2016

Othering The Mother: Traumatic Effects Of Motherhood On The Formation Of Identity In Toni Morrison’S Beloved | Othering The Mother: Traumatic Effects Of Motherhood On The Formation Of Identity In Toni Morrison’S Beloved, Gabriella Elizabeth Greco

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

As a text based heavily on tropes from both American Gothic literature and the slave narrative genre, Toni Morrison’s novel Beloved serves as a complex and delicate commentary on racial ambiguities and the psychologically haunting effects of African American trauma. These ambiguities simultaneously serve as reasons for and consequences of the various traumas that strain the interpersonal relationships between the female characters. Aside from the most blatant and gruesome trauma of the novel—the infanticide that Sethe commits as an act of mercy for her unnamed child—many of the recurring traumatic memories evoke the challenges of motherhood during slavery. | As …

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Digitizing The Novel, 1987-2010, Bradley Reina Dec 2016

Digitizing The Novel, 1987-2010, Bradley Reina

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

The novel is digital, it was digital, and it will be digital. Most authors have written on word processors and most publishers have made books with some form of desktop publishing software since the early 1990s. The first novels for digital display were written and published in the late 1980s. From a literary perspective, the question is whether such digital-born literature translates into palpable changes in the novel form, why, and how. Previous theories of the meeting of digital technology and literature have all too often presented a predetermined fate for this pairing—an essentialist vision of literature, technology, or both. …

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The Human To Come: Representations Of Human In Literary Modernity’S Testimonial "I" | The Human To Come: Representations Of Human In Literary Modernity’S Testimonial "I", Kerry Suzanne Spooner Dec 2016

The Human To Come: Representations Of Human In Literary Modernity’S Testimonial "I" | The Human To Come: Representations Of Human In Literary Modernity’S Testimonial "I", Kerry Suzanne Spooner

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

With the concern for human rights always present to this project, I explore in the initial chapters the precariousness of the first-person singular subjective “I†in both testimonial and fictional texts and its bearing on human rights. In practice, first-person narratives, whether as life-writing or fictional, are textual spaces in which writers’ concerns that deal with human conditions are frequently articulated. By examining the first-person narrative function in selected texts of Gertrude Stein, Virginia Woolf, James Baldwin, and Samuel Beckett, this dissertation shows how conceptual imaginings of the concept of the human and human embodiment are unsettled. These exemplar modernist …

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Neuronal Activation With Gain Modification Of The Trigeminal Blink Reflex, Patricia Ronessa Enmore Dec 2016

Neuronal Activation With Gain Modification Of The Trigeminal Blink Reflex, Patricia Ronessa Enmore

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

The trigeminal blink reflex is a simple circuit for investigating the neural bases of motor plasticity in mammals. Stimulating the supraorbital branch of the trigeminal nerve (SO) evokes two bursts of activity in the lid closing orbicularis oculi muscle, R1 and R2. One procedure for inducing blink plasticity is high frequency stimulation (HFS) of the SO. Presenting HFS before the R2 component (HFS-B) reduces blink amplitude for at least one hour in humans and rats. This reduction in blink amplitude is a decrease in gain because the blink evoking stimulus is the same before and after HFS-B treatment. To identify …

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The Role Of Pten Signaling In The Function And Development Of The Sexually Dimorphic Kisspeptin System, Ariel L. Negron Dec 2016

The Role Of Pten Signaling In The Function And Development Of The Sexually Dimorphic Kisspeptin System, Ariel L. Negron

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Hypothalamic kisspeptin-expressing neurons are a critical relay system that conveys information about hormonal and nutritional status to gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons. PI3K/mTOR signaling is linked to the regulation of hypothalamic kisspeptin expression and of gonadotropin release by nutritional status. Whether kisspeptin neuron-specific PI3K/mTOR signaling participates in the regulation of the kisspeptin system and gonadotropin release under normal and under metabolic challenges is unknown. Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is the principal negative regulator of the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway. In addition, PTEN expression and function is regulated by estrogen, the sex-steroid hormone principally responsible for the sexually dimorphic expression of hypothalamic kisspeptin …

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Hilltopics: Volume 13, Issue 4, Hilltopics Staff Dec 2016

Hilltopics: Volume 13, Issue 4, Hilltopics Staff

Hilltopics

No abstract provided.

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Annual Forage Cropping-Systems For Midwestern Ruminant Livestock Production, John Ernest Mcmillan Dec 2016

Annual Forage Cropping-Systems For Midwestern Ruminant Livestock Production, John Ernest Mcmillan

Open Access Dissertations

Annual forage cropping systems are a vital aspect of livestock forage production. One area where this production system can be enhanced is the integration of novel annual forages into conventional cropping systems. Two separate projects were conducted to investigate alternative forage options in annual forage production. In the first discussed research trial, two sets of crops were sown following soft red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain harvest, at two nitrogen application rates 56 and 112 kg ha-1 . The first set of crops were C4 summer annuals seeded within two weeks of wheat grain harvest and included, brown …

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Fsma: The Future Of Food Litigation, Robert Shawn Hogue Dec 2016

Fsma: The Future Of Food Litigation, Robert Shawn Hogue

University of Miami Inter-American Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Non-Invasive Lifestyle Modifications That Mitigate The Non-Modifiable Risks Of Breast Cancer In Potential High Risk Patients, Angelica Rosinski Dec 2016

Non-Invasive Lifestyle Modifications That Mitigate The Non-Modifiable Risks Of Breast Cancer In Potential High Risk Patients, Angelica Rosinski

Honors Capstones

Breast cancer is most common invasive cancer occurring in US women. The standard treatment for breast cancer includes surgery, systemic therapy (e.g., chemotherapy, biotherapy, targeted therapy) and radiotherapy. The Healthy People 2020 initiative promotes education and prevention instead of treatment. Therefore, non-invasive lifestyle modifications should be developed to decrease the risk of developing breast cancer among women at population risk and those who carry a genetic mutation conferring increased breast cancer risk. Diet, weight management, and exercise as methods to reduce breast cancer are examined within this literature review. These lifestyle adjustments should be introduced to individuals who are at …

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Comedy Of Politics: How Satire Affects The Attitudes Towards A Politician, Marcus Braymer Dec 2016

Comedy Of Politics: How Satire Affects The Attitudes Towards A Politician, Marcus Braymer

2016 Fall Honors Capstone Projects - Archive

Throughout history, satirists have mocked politicians. However, in recent years politicians have involved themselves in satire, making appearances on shows like Saturday Night Live and The Daily Show. These appearances and the increasing interest in satire has led to one question, does satire affect the public opinion of politicians? In order to answer this question an experiment was designed by creating three original videos. The videos showed a fictional politician’s support of an issue, a satirist making fun of this politician, and the politician making an appearance with the satirist to make fun of himself. Participants watched these videos and …

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Identification Of The Plateau Of Cadmium Extraction From Aqueous Solution By Invasive Macrophyte: Eichhornia Crassipes, Micalah Spenrath Dec 2016

Identification Of The Plateau Of Cadmium Extraction From Aqueous Solution By Invasive Macrophyte: Eichhornia Crassipes, Micalah Spenrath

2016 Fall Honors Capstone Projects - Archive

Cadmium is an extremely deleterious heavy metal characterized by high toxicity, environmental disruptiveness and difficult removal. Utilizing an aquatic macrophyte, Eichhornia crassipes, as a phytoremediant of cadmium has been shown to be experimentally viable and less environmentally degrading than conventional methods of heavy metal remediation. To further understand the time required to optimize cadmium uptake and minimize the rerelease of contaminants, E. crassipes was studied to identify the plateau of cadmium extraction. The experimental plants were housed in aquatic environments with cadmium concentrations of 5 ppm for 144 hours. Water samples were analyzed in atmosphere in a Shimadzu EDX- 7000 …

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The Role Of Wnt3a In Bone-Muscle Biochemical Crosstalk And Promoting Myoblast Differentiation Among Mouse Primary Muscle Cells, Sarah Daggs Dec 2016

The Role Of Wnt3a In Bone-Muscle Biochemical Crosstalk And Promoting Myoblast Differentiation Among Mouse Primary Muscle Cells, Sarah Daggs

2016 Fall Honors Capstone Projects - Archive

Bone and muscle crosstalk is a newly emerging field that focuses on the ability of bone cells and muscle cells to communicate with each other through mechanical and biochemical mechanisms. Until recently, the secretory function of both bone and muscle cells has largely been unexplored. My thesis focuses on continuing my faculty mentor’s current research on bone-muscle crosstalk by analyzing the effects of WNT3a, an important bone-secreted factor of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, on myogenesis. Myogenesis is the process of producing muscle cells from stem cells in the embryonic stages of development and the regeneration of muscle tissue after cell injury …

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Effect Of Manures On Food Waste Degradation In Biocell, Md Nur Basit Zaman Dec 2016

Effect Of Manures On Food Waste Degradation In Biocell, Md Nur Basit Zaman

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

Proper disposal of food waste is a challenge due to adverse effect on the environment through generation of excessive leachate and greenhouse gas (CH4). After food loss through the food supply chain, the food waste ends up mostly in landfills. A study by EPA showed food waste to be the second largest component found in landfill. However, food waste imposes major cost on landfill management, and demands a potential alternative disposal solution that can negate the adverse effects. Though anaerobic digester and composting are possible solutions for food waste disposal, the former is highly expensive while in later solution, a …

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Man Of Virtue, Man Of Vice: Maximilien Robespierre And Modern Manhood, Vanessa Marie Walker Dec 2016

Man Of Virtue, Man Of Vice: Maximilien Robespierre And Modern Manhood, Vanessa Marie Walker

History Theses - Archive

Since his death in 1794, Maximilien Robespierre’s legacy has been debated by scholars and non-scholars alike. Some have called him a blood-thirsty dictator who used his political power to execute innocent citizens who crossed him while others have called him the living embodiment of the French Revolution. This study will examine Robespierre using the lens of gender. The French Revolution was not just a time of great social and political upheaval; it was a time in which concepts of masculinity were transitioning from a focus on aristocratic honor and male beauty to bourgeois sensibilities. Through his belief in restraint in …

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An Investigation Of Chlorate And Perchlorate In Onsite-Generated Hypochlorite, Kaleisha Haynes Miller Dec 2016

An Investigation Of Chlorate And Perchlorate In Onsite-Generated Hypochlorite, Kaleisha Haynes Miller

2016 Fall Honors Capstone Projects - Archive

This investigation evaluated the occurrence and concentration of chlorate and perchlorate in two low-strength onsite-generated hypochlorite systems in the DFW Metroplex, and attempted to correlate their concentrations to operating conditions and input materials of the generation process. Chlorate and perchlorate are disinfectant byproducts found in drinking water treated with hypochlorite and are known to pose potential health problems. Hypochlorite samples were quenched to remove chlorine and then analyzed using ion chromatography to determine the byproduct concentration. Results showed a correlation between byproduct concentration and the density of the solution as well as with the chlorine concentration. Other factors, such as …

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Number 20, 2016, Palara Editors Dec 2016

Number 20, 2016, Palara Editors

PALARA: Publication of the Afro-Latin/American Research Association

Complete Issue

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Tracing The Dawn Of The Elapidae Through The Molecular Systematics And Historical Biogeography Of Old World Coralsnakes, Utpal Smart Dec 2016

Tracing The Dawn Of The Elapidae Through The Molecular Systematics And Historical Biogeography Of Old World Coralsnakes, Utpal Smart

Biology Dissertations - Archive

Much debated since the early 20th century, the evolutionary history and origin of the clinically important family Elapidae is of enormous interest. A persistent lack of higher-level phylogenetic resolution however, has impeded a clear understanding of the biogeography of this charismatic group of snakes. The traditional limiting factor in studies on higher-level elapid relationships has been the availability of samples from Old World coralsnakes (genera Sinomicrurus and Calliophis). Usually small, shy and fossorial, these animals are amongst the rarest Oriental snakes and their sampling in molecular studies has been sparse. Herein, primarily using molecular data, I work out the systematic …

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Phylogeography Of The American Green Treefrog Species Group, Paul Nathaniel Pasichnyk Dec 2016

Phylogeography Of The American Green Treefrog Species Group, Paul Nathaniel Pasichnyk

Biology Dissertations - Archive

The southeastern United States is an important temperate biodiversity hotspot, housing a multitude of endemic species and multiple large rivers fragmenting their ranges. To determine if the Riverine Barriers Hypothesis explains population divergence in this region, this study utilizes of a combination of phylogeographic methods and ecological niche modeling to investigate the role of rivers in genetic dispersal. Intra-and interspecific phylogenies for the hylid treefrogs Dryophytes cinereus, D. gratiosus and D. squirellus were estimated using nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequences to identify relationships and genetic variation within these species and test for population structure, especially with respect to potential riverine …

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Response Of Microbial Networks And Microbiomes To The Forest-To-Pasture Conversion In Amazon Soils, Md Abdul Wadad Khan Dec 2016

Response Of Microbial Networks And Microbiomes To The Forest-To-Pasture Conversion In Amazon Soils, Md Abdul Wadad Khan

Biology Dissertations - Archive

The Amazon rainforest is the largest tropical rainforest ecosystem in the world, and an extremely important region ecologically. Due to the growing human needs mainly for cattle ranching and cultivation, the rainforest has been in the process of clearing since 1970s losing an average of 25,000 km annually. This ecosystem conversion has a substantially adverse impact on biological diversities, in which the response of microbial diversity has not been studied until recently. Several studies showed that the conversion severely altered microbial diversities, with an increased alpha and decreased beta diversities. Given that microorganisms are closely associated with soil-associated functions, where …

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