Digital Commons Network^™

The Game Debate: Video Games As Innovative Storytelling, Melissa Somerdin

The Oswald Review: An International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Criticism in the Discipline of English

No abstract provided.

The Oswald Review Of Undergraduate Research And Criticism In The Discipline Of English: Volume 18 Fall 2016

The Oswald Review: An International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Criticism in the Discipline of English

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Nuclear Factor-Erythroid-2-Related Factor 2 In Sensitivity To Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitors In Colon Cancer Cells, Sarah Ashley Clinton

Theses and Dissertations

Nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2), a member of the cap ‘n’ collar family of bZIP transcription factors, confers protection against oxidative and electrophilic stress. NRF2 is of great interest in cancer research, due to its role in response to chemotherapy. The class of drugs targeting thymidylate synthase (TYMS) has been useful in the treatment of colorectal cancer, among other cancers. It has long been known that inhibition of TYMS leads to depletion of thymidine levels and the onset of programmed cell death, deriving from the enzyme’s function as the sole de novo source of thymidine for DNA replication and repair. …

The Tribes Of Maycomb County: The Continuing Quest To Transcend Our Differences, Steven H. Hobbs

Articles

No abstract provided.

The Megaphone Of The Soul: Resistance Of Fraudulent Technological Idolization By Recognizing The Power Of Human Choice In Media Ecology, Richard L. Talbert

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Humans naturally communicate, but choose to use tools. They use them to make sense of things, even to their own detriment and the detriment of others. These tools often receive the attention, instead of the human interaction. Aristotle's notion of humans as social animals has been carried into media ecology scholarship by Arendt, Burke, Ellul, Mumford, Postman, and Ricoeur. Social media scholarship has often focused on the tool and how it affects humanity. However, a phenomenological approach is necessary, as humans communicate with or without these tools. This approach will follow multiple steps. The first is through an understanding of …

Effect Of The Ethylene Inhibitors Silver Nitrate, Silver Sulfate, And Cobalt Chloride On Micropropagation And Biochemical Parameters In The Cherryrootstocks Cab-6p And Gisela 6, Virginia Sarropoulou, Kortessa Dimassi-Theriou, Ioannis Therios

Turkish Journal of Biology

In the present study, the effects of three ethylene inhibitors, silver nitrate (AgNO3), silver sulfate (Ag2SO4), and cobalt chloride (CoCl2), on the morphogenic and biochemical responses in CAB-6P and Gisela 6 cherry rootstocks were investigated. In both rootstocks, AgNO3 and Ag2SO4 promoted shoot regeneration while CoCl2 had such an effect only in Gisela 6. The rooting percentage of CAB-6P and Gisela 6 explants was diminished with AgNO3, Ag2SO4, and CoCl2. AgNO3 increased root number (40 μM) and root length (50 μM) in the CAB-6P rootstock while it had an inhibitory effect in Gisela 6. Ag2SO4 and CoCl2 enhanced root length …

Evolutionary Ecotoxicology Of Salinity Tolerance In Daphnia Pulex: Interactive Effects Of Clonal Variation, Salinity Stress, And Predation, Xinwu Liu

Wayne State University Theses

Evolutionary ecotoxicology addresses effects of toxic chemicals in an ecological context and considers the potential evolutionary responses of organisms following exposure to toxins. Despite decades of research, the effects of salinity stress in freshwater systems, partly from road salt pollution, on a keystone species, Daphnia pulex, in its interaction with predators have received very limited attention. In this study, I quantified D. pulex clonal variation in response to salinity stress and the lethal and non-lethal effects of Chaoborus (a dominant planktivore in fishless ponds). Behavioral, morphological, and life history responses of two D. pulex clones, known to differ in salinity …

Analgesia Followed By Long-Term Hyperalgesia Generated By Disinhibition Of The Basolateral Amygdala, Derek Atchley

Wayne State University Theses

Stress produces bimodal effects on pain peception. During exposure to a stressor pain responses are inibited (i.e. stress-induced analgesia). However, following long-term exposure to a stressor increases in responsiveness to painful stimuli may develop (i.e. stress-induced hyperalgesia). Here I evaluated how a key component of the subcortical defense circuit and target of stress hormones contributes to the development of both stress-induced analgesia and hyperalgesia. Bicuculline methiodide, a GABAA antagonist, injected into the basolateral amygdala was used to mimic the neural effects of a stressor or threat exposure. Immediately following injection pain responsiveness was decreased as measured by vocalizations after discharge …

Development Of A Dreissena Bioassay To Assess The Toxicity Of Contaminants Across Two Life-History Stages, Caroline Joyce Addis

Wayne State University Theses

Dreissenid mussels (Dreissena polymorpha and D. bugensis) have rapidly become widespread and ubiquitous in North America since their introduction into the Great Lakes in the 1980s. The resulting environmental and economic impacts of their invasion have been extensive, negatively affecting biodiversity and costing millions of dollars in control efforts and damage to power generation and water treatment facilities. Although dreissenids are often associated with negative impacts, they may present a practical tool for toxicology studies. The typically sessile behavior of the benthic adults coupled with the planktonic nature of the veligers allow for a more complete evaluation of water quality …

Design And Synthesis Of Enzalutamide-Isothiocyanate Hybrid Drug As Anti-Prostate Cancer Agent, Siyu Ou

Wayne State University Theses

Isothiocyanate (ITC), such as sulforaphane (SFN), is an active metabolite of dietary glucosinolate from cruciferous vegetables. SFN-rich extracts have been recently tested in recurrent prostate cancer (PCa) patients and notably prolonged PSA doubling time without Grade 3 adverse events. One of the anti-PCa mechanisms of SFN is to inhibit HDAC6, which further triggering androgen receptor (AR) degradation. We have incorporated ITC to the chemical scaffold of enzalutamide (Enz) to create Enz-ITC hybrid molecules with an intention to intracellularly deliver ITC to AR-Hsp90-HDAC6 complex and therefore improving anti-PCa efficacy of both parental drugs. Two Enz-ITCs and one Enz-ITC N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) …

Enhancement Of Cancer Vaccine Efficacy Via Nanoparticle Or Molecular-Based Adjuvants, Myunggi An

Wayne State University Theses

Adjuvants are immunomodulators which enhance immune responses to vaccines. However, parenteral administration of unformulated adjuvants fails to reach lymph nodes (LNs), the anatomic organ where the primary functions of immune cells are orchestrated. The LN-targeting delivery plays the key roles in promoting immune activation and has the great potential to transform disease treatment. The main goal of this thesis is to develop efficient vaccine delivery systems to target therapeutics into draining lymph nodes (dLNs) for ensuring their immunostimulatory activity. We introduced therapeutic applications of activating TLR9 with synthetic CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) agonists in nanoparticle or molecular form to activate immune …

Histological Evidence Of The Effect Of Oil Palm Phenolics In Atherogenic Diet Induced Rat Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease, Kenechukwu Monplaisir Monplaisir

Wayne State University Theses

BACKGROUND: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with the clinical presentation of memory loss and cognitive impairment. Alzheimer's disease pathology is the accumulation of beta amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles.

METHOD: In this study atherogenic diet was used to induce AD in aged Brown Norway rats. The rats were assigned to the following four groups fed isocaloric diets; control group (C ),high cholesterol diet (H), high cholesterol + oil palm phenolics group (HP), high cholesterol + curcumin group (HC). The impact of oil palm phenolics (OPP) on neuronal health and its effect on amyloid deposition was evaluated using histology …

In Vitro Gastrointestinal Digestion Model To Monitor The Antioxidant Properties And Bioaccessbility Of Phenolic Extracts From Elderberry (Sambucus Nigra L.), Ninghui Zhou

Wayne State University Theses

This study performed an in vitro gastrointestinal digestion model to monitor the antioxidant properties of phenolic extracts derived from the elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.). The stability and antioxidant qualities of phenolic compounds from elderberry were assessed by an in vitro gastrointestinal digestion model involving pepsin digestion (to simulate gastric digestion) and pancreatin digestion (to simulate small i22ntestine conditions). Digested and undigested elderberry were subject to antioxidant assays including total phenolic content (TPC) assay, DPPH radical scavenging assay, and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay. Our result showed that digestion process significantly reduced DPPH radical scavenging activity but had no significant …

Functional Characterization Of The Novel Prdm Gene Apox In Tribolium Castaneum, Xin Wang

Wayne State University Theses

Previous work revealed that embryonic and post-embryonic knockdown (KD) of Tribolium Prdm gene Apoptix (Apox) leads to phenotypes, such as melanotic spots in external tissue of larval and pupal body. One part of my research is screening for Apox-specific phenotypes by RNA interference with a second Apox dsRNA. My results revealed that Apox is essential for the embryonic and post-embryonic survival and plays an important role in the regulation of embryonic and post-embryonic development in Tribolium, such as bristle formation. In addition, previous work showed that phenotypes of Apox KD Tribolium were significantly rescued by combinatorial knockdown of Apox and …

Regulators Of Ins-6, A Major Node Of The Insulin-Like Peptide Network For Developmental Plasticity, Lisa Li

Wayne State University Theses

In C. elegans, an insulin-like peptide (ILP) network coordinates various physiological

processes, including developmental plasticity, to enhance survival under different environments. During stressful conditions, such as high temperatures, low food and high population density, first-stage larval worms enter an alternative developmental arrest program called dauer. When ideal environmental conditions are restored, worms exit from the dauer stage to go through reproductive adulthood. Different subsets of ILPs regulate the entry into versus the exit from the dauer state. For example, the ILP ins-6 plays a minor role in inhibiting dauer entry from the ASI sensory neurons, but a more primary role …

In Vitro And In Vivo Measurments Of Serotonin For Ecological And Mental Health Via Fast Scan Cyclic Voltammetry, Matthew Nicholas Jackson

Wayne State University Theses

Fast Scan Cyclic Voltammetry has been proven to be a highly valuable technique in analysis and detection of neurotransmitters. With this technique, two novel applications are being explored to protect natural water sources as well as furthering the efficacy of antidepressants. Despite setbacks, promising data has been collected to further understand the mechanisms involved in the phototactic response observed in Daphnia Magna. Electrochemical modification of carbon fiber microelectrodes has proven to be inefficient as a means to effectively differentiate between serotonin and its metabolite. As such, this unsuccessful attempt has further narrowed down the list of candidates to electrochemically differentiate …

Impact Of Cefazolin Co-Administration With Vancomycin To Reduce Development Of Vancomycin Intermediate Staphylococcus Aureus, Nivedita Birbahadur Singh

Wayne State University Theses

IMPACT OF CEFAZOLIN CO-ADMINISTRATION WITH VANCOMYCIN TO REDUCE DEVELOPMENT OF VANCOMYCIN INTERMEDIATE STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

by

NIVEDITA B SINGH

August 2106

Advisor: Dr. Michael J. Rybak

Major: Pharmaceutical sciences

Degree: Masters of Science

Objective: Development of resistance in S. aureus has been a big concern in the treatment of infections caused by the organism. The line of therapy used today has a disadvantage of slowly developing cross-resistance for antibiotics such as DAP secondary to prior VAN exposure. Therefore, alternative therapy is needed to prevent the emergence of VAN resistance and cross-resistance to other antibiotics. The primary aim of this experiment is …

Targeted Delivery Of Nrf2 Sirna Using Modular Polymeric Micellar Nanodelivery System For Efficient Target Gene Knockdown In Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Shaimaa Mohamed Ibrahim Yousef

Wayne State University Theses

Tumor selective drug delivery as well as chemotherapy associated multi drug resistance (MDR) pose tremendous hurdles for effective cancer therapy. In this regard, designing multifunctional nanocarriers loaded with drug/gene payloads and engineered with tumor targeting ligands can serve as a modular platform for targeted drug/gene delivery. In this study we undertook the synthesis of a self-assembling block copolymer constructed using poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride, partial iso-octyl ester) (SMAPIE) and branched polyethylenimine (PEI) as building blocks and evaluated its micelle forming ability, siRNA complexation and siRNA delivery potentials. In addition, we engineered galactosamine decorated nanomicelles using modular “click” chemistry based approaches for evaluating …

Dendrimer-Coated Iron Oxide Theranostic Nanoparticles For Cancer Imaging And Therapy, Duy Khanh Luong

Wayne State University Theses

The bleak prognosis for patients diagnosed with metastatic cancer along with the low therapeutic efficacy and the recurrence of cancer in conventional chemotherapy are prompting clinical medicine to adopt a new strategy to detect cancer in early stage and to deliver the anticancer drugs specifically to tumor site to enhance therapeutic efficiency and minimize side effects. The aim of this study is to design a theranostic nanocarrier consisting of iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and Polyamidoamine dendrimers conjugated with folic acid (FA-PAMAM) for active targeted delivery of a highly potent but extremely lipophilic anticancer compound 3,4-difluorobenzylidene …

Relationships Of Dietary Protein And Phosphorus With Protein Energy Wasting In Hemodialysis Patients, Dina Angela Tallman

Wayne State University Theses

Both higher dietary phosphorus intake and a greater dietary phosphorus to protein ratio are associated with increased death risk in hemodialysis (HD) patients even after adjustments for serum phosphorus, type of phosphate binder used, and dietary protein, energy, and potassium intake. Furthermore, dietary phosphorus restriction to control serum phosphorus is often associated with a reduction in protein intake, which is associated with muscle wasting and poor survival. One highly prevalent complication of end stage renal disease is protein energy wasting (PEW), a state of decreased body protein and fat mass, which is strongly associated with increased morbidity and mortality in …

Anders Breivik And Elliot Rodger: Violence, Communication, And The Mediated Sphere., Walter Anthony Lucken Iv

Wayne State University Theses

The “mass shooting” has become a major hallmark of everyday news and discussions in mass media. Through the lens of two specific cases, this research situates the mass shooting within a few preexisting historical continuities and disciplines. The mass shooting is read as a communicative media event, and is considered from the perspective of mass media proliferation, political violence, discourse, semiotics, and turn of the century cultural antagonisms. The methods employed herein are textual analysis, rhetorical analysis, and post-Marxian models of historical causation.

The mass shooting is an outgrowth of global consolidation and proliferation of mass media. The mass shootings …

The Role Of Alarmins, Invariant Nkt Cells And Senescence In The Pathophysiology Of Sterile Intra-Amniotic Inflammation, Olesya Plazyo

Wayne State University Dissertations

Preterm birth is defined as the delivery of a live baby prior to the 37th week of gestation. It is the leading cause of neonatal mortality worldwide. Preterm neonates are at a higher risk for short- and long-term complications, and prematurity places significant burden on our society. Elucidation of the mechanisms that lead to spontaneous preterm labor will enable development of therapies to prevent this syndrome. We aimed to study pathological inflammation that is implicated in the pathophysiology of spontaneous preterm labor.

Pathological inflammation can be initiated by the activation of innate immunity either by microorganisms or alarmins, which are …

Characterization Of The Yeast Cysteine Desulfurase Complex Within The Mitochondrial Fe-S Cluster Biogenesis, Dulmini Pabasara Barupala

Wayne State University Dissertations

Disrupted iron homeostasis within the human body materializes as various disorders. Pathophysiology of many of them relates to iron induced oxidative damage to key cellular components caused by iron accumulation within the tissues. Pertaining to the growing occurrence, cost of patient care and devastating burden associated with these diseases, the call for understanding the role of iron homeostasis within these disorders becomes inevitable. Being an abundant iron containing cofactor, the role of Fe-S clusters in cellular iron homeostasis is indisputable in the case of Friedreich’s ataxia, a disease caused by a deficiency in the protein frataxin that is indispensable during …

Interstate Groundwater Law Revisited: Mississippi V. Tennessee, Noah D. Hall, Joseph Regalia

Law Faculty Research Publications

No abstract provided.

Mind The Gap, Charles H. Ii Brower

Law Faculty Research Publications

No abstract provided.

"Where We May Oftener Converse Together": Translation Of Written And Spoken Communication In Colonial Pennsylvania, Jenna E. Fleming

The Gettysburg Historical Journal

In this paper I examine the differences between colonists’ and Indians’ perceptions and use of language in early Pennsylvania. Through consideration of translation challenges in both spoken and written contexts, I conclude that while residents of the region created systems for coping with linguistic issues, basic disparities between native and colonial forms of communication persisted in complicating diplomatic relations. The title of the paper is taken from the August 26, 1758 entry in The Journal of Christian Frederick Post and is part of the Pennsylvanian government’s proposal for closer relations with Indians.

Effect Of Anthelminthic Treatment On Helminth Infection And Related Anaemia Among School-Age Children In Northwestern Ethiopia, Yonas Yimam, Abraham Degarege, Berhanu Erko

Journal Articles: Epidemiology

BACKGROUND: Information about improvements in the health status of population at-risk of helminth infection after anthelminthic treatment helps to evaluate the effectiveness of the large scale deworming program. The objectives of this study were to assess the impact of anthelminthic treatment on the prevalence and intensity of intestinal helminth infection, haemoglobin level and prevalence of anaemia among school-age children.

METHODS: A total of 403 children attending Tikur Wuha Elementary School in Jiga, northwestern Ethiopia were enrolled in this study between February and March 2011. Formol-ether concentration and Kato-Katz methods were used to examine stool for intestinal helminth infections at baseline …

Epidemiology Of Plasmodium And Helminth Coinfection And Possible Reasons For Heterogeneity, Abraham Degarege, Berhanu Erko

Journal Articles: Epidemiology

Understanding the impact of helminth infections on clinical malaria is useful for designing effective malaria control strategies. Plenty of epidemiological studies have been conducted to unravel the nature of interactions between Plasmodium and helminth infection. Careful broad summarization of the existing literature suggests that Schistosoma mansoni and hookworm infections may increase the risk of clinical malaria and associated morbidities, but Trichuris trichiura infection is not associated with the occurrence of clinical malaria and related outcomes. However, findings about effect of Ascaris lumbricoides and Schistosoma haematobium infection on clinical malaria are contradictory. Furthermore, the nature of relationship of helminth infection with …

Impact Of N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine On The Pathology Of Experimental Parkinson’S Disease In Vivo, Negin Nouraei

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder associated with disruptions in motor as well as non-motor functions, such as cognitive and olfactory impairments. Postmortem tissue from Parkinson’s patients shows evidence of oxidative stress in dopaminergic neurons and hallmark proteinaceous inclusions known as Lewy bodies in multiple brain regions spanning the medulla oblongata to the telencephalon. There are no therapies that decelerate the progression of this disease. Thus, the major goal of the present study was to test the therapeutic potential of two neuroprotective molecules, the antioxidant thiol N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) and the steroid neuromodulator dehyroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), in experimental models of …

Vico's Narrative Art: From The Forests To The Academies, Ariana Ragusa

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In this dissertation, I argue that Giambattista Vico (1668-1744), most famously considered a philosopher of history, is above all a philosopher of narration. I unfold Vico’s narrative response to and rejection of traditional philosophical discourse; through relating the story of himself and the story of mankind, Vico demonstrates that storytelling gives birth to the human self and world. Furthermore, I emphasize the ontological import of narrative, often overlooked, in his two major works, The Autobiography of Giambattista Vico and The New Science. Finally, I conclude by showing the relevance of Vico’s pedagogical call to cultivate the child’s narrative imagination in …