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Seroprevalence, Transmission, And Associated Factors Of Specific Antibodies Against Cytomegalovirus Among Pregnant Women And Their Infants In A Regional Study, Mahmood Erfanianahmadpoor, Roya Nasiri, Rosita Vakili, Tahereh Hassannia

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To assess specific anti-cytomegalovirus (CMV) antibodies, clinical status, and demographic data in pregnant women and their infants in northeast Iran. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 225 systematic randomly selected-pregnant women and their newborns attending public hospitals in Mashhad, Iran between December 2007 and January 2008. Two specialists performed clinical assessment and obtained the demographic data. The sera from mothers and the umbilical cord of infants were then collected at the time of delivery and anti-CMV antibodies, IgG, and IgM, were measured. RESULTS: Although, all mothers and their neonates were positive for anti-CMV IgG (100%), only 6 were …

Assessment Of Trace Elements In Sera Of Patients Undergoing Renal Dialysis, Rana M. Hasanato

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To assess the serum levels of copper, zinc, iron, and lead in patients on maintenance dialysis. METHODS: This cross-sectional study performed at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia between September 2011 and October 2012 included 42 patients with end stage renal disease on hemodialysis (HD), 18 patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD), and 18 normal controls. Serum copper, zinc, and lead levels were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and serum iron was determined by spectrophotometric determination. RESULTS: The median serum copper level in HD patients (20.5 nmol/L; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 17.52-22.39; interquartile range [IQR]: 16.40-24.20) was higher (p=0.001) …

The Diagnostic Utility Of Mean Platelet Volume And Red Cell Distribution Width In Active Crohn's Disease And Intestinal Tuberculosis, Alpaslan Tanoglu, Ergenekon Karagoz, Sha Huang, Rui Zhou, Bing Xia, Fengming Yi

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Consequences Associated With The Recent Range Expansion Of Nonnative Feral Swine, Sarah N. Bevins, Kerri Pedersen, Mark W. Lutman, Thomas Gidlewski, Thomas J. Deliberto

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Feral swine (Sus scrofa) have been repeatedly introduced to locations around the world. Aided by both an adaptable biology and deliberate introductions by people, the range of invasive feral swine in the United States has expanded from 17 to 38 states over the past 30 years. The swine’s generalist diet combined with high population densities can complicate efforts to conserve threatened and endangered species, and losses from crop damage and livestock predation in the United States alone are estimated to be more than $1 billion. In addition, feral swine can be a reservoir for multiple pathogens, some of …

Forecasting The Spread Of Raccoon Rabies Using A Purpose-Specific Group Decision-Making Process., Aaron M. Anderson, Stephanie A. Shwiff, Richard B. Chipman, Todd C. Atwood, Tyler Cozzens, Frank Fillo, Robert Hale, Brody Hatch, Joanne Maki, Olin E. Rhodes Jr., Erin E. Rees, Charles E. Rupprecht, Rowland Tinline, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Dennis Slate

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and USDA Wildlife Services (WS) have been involved in an oral rabies vaccination (ORV) program for raccoons (Procyon lotor) that has slowed the westward spread of raccoon rabies. The objective of this study was to forecast the spread of the disease if an ORV zone was not maintained. A group decision-making process was designed to address the forecasting problem and was implemented using a group of 15 experts and 4 support personnel at a meeting at the USDA National Wildlife Research Center. Ten expansion regions were constructed that described the spread of …

Bio-Inspired Mechanism For Aircraft Assessment Under Upset Conditions, Israel A. Moguel

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

Based on the artificial immune systems paradigm and a hierarchical multi-self strategy, a set of algorithms for aircraft sub-systems failure detection, identification, evaluation and flight envelope estimation has been developed and implemented. Data from a six degrees-of-freedom flight simulator were used to define a large set of 2-dimensional self/non-self projections as well as for the generation of antibodies and identifiers designated for health assessment of an aircraft under upset conditions. The methodology presented in this paper classifies and quantifies the type and severity of a broad number of aircraft actuators, sensors, engine and structural component failures. In addition, the impact …

An Antiquated Perspective: Lifetime Ban For Msm Blood Donations No Longer Global Norm, Christopher Mcadam, Logan Parker

DePaul Journal of Health Care Law

No abstract provided.

Climate Change And Mutation Leptospirochetes, Siriwan Prapong

Asian Medical Journal and Alternative Medicine

No abstract provided.

The Return Of Pertussis: Problem And How To Control, Niramon Thamwiriyasati

Asian Medical Journal and Alternative Medicine

Whooping cough or pertussis is an infectious disease affecting the upper respiratory tract caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis. Whooping cough is highly transmissible, in which transmission of disease occurs via respiratory dropletsexpelled by infected individuals. It is a relatively mild disease in adults but has a significant mortality rate in infants. Theprevalence of pertussis was significantly increased around the world including Thailand since 2009. In recent years, not onlyhas a resurgence of new cases been observed in countries that practice vaccination but the disease has assumed differentcharacteristics. The rate of atypical pertussis presentations in vaccinated patients, the decline …

One Health, Thanawat Supanitayanon

Asian Medical Journal and Alternative Medicine

Though "One Health" has long been acknowledged in the medical fields, it is still a contemporary term being usedin the development on new medical concepts that integrate the collaborative efforts of multidisciplinary fields of medicine,veterinary medicine and ecosystem. The core concept is that health of all lives existing on earth should be regarded asholistic or as one whole health. It is inseparable and no dividing line should exist in between.

One Health has long been developed since early 1800s up until now. In the past decades, outbreaks of epidemicsand pandemics of new infectious diseases, re-emerging diseases, antimicrobial resistant organisms, and …

School Of Biological Sciences News, 2014, School Of Biological Sciences

School of Biological Sciences News

Alumni newsletter of Illinois State University's School of Biological Sciences.

Accessing Justice Amid Threats Of Contagion, Janet E. Mosher

Osgoode Hall Law Journal

Plans to prepare for a global pandemic have proliferated in recent years, and “legal preparedness” has emerged as a critical component of such plans. Commonly, the threat of disease is analogized to terrorism and recast as an issue of national security. In this framing, laws authorizing surveillance, containment, and forced treatment are understood as necessary. Law’s promise of protection against abuses in the exercise of such powers through procedural rights of review offers meagre comfort for critics concerned that individual liberties will readily yield to national security and public health in the context of an actual pandemic. An alternative framing …

The Research Express, Georgia Southern University

Research & Economic Development

• Research Symposium Success!
• The National Institute of Health Announces Major Change in Policy on Resubmission of Unsuccessful Grant Applications
• The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) – Ten Steps to a Winning R01 Application
• 2014 NOSORH Grant Writing Institute: Beyond the Basics – Online Course – Registration open now through July 3rd.

Utility Of Serology In The Diagnosis Of Amoebic Hepatitis And Hydatid Disease Among Patients With Benign Hepatic Cysts., Hosam El-Nemr, Khaled Farid, Saher Taman, Elham Farag Almeniar, Amira Taman

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: Parasites as hydatiddisease and amoebic liver abscesscan cause cystic lesions in the liverand their diagnosis depends on detectionof IgG antibodies in the serumin combination with imaging techniques.Aim of the work: To evaluate bothsensitivity and specificity of ELISAtest as a serological method for detectionof IgG antibodies in patientswithhydatid disease and amoebicliverabscess among patients withcysticlesions of the liver.Methodology: A case-controlstudy was conducted on 48 patientswith cystic lesions in the liver suspi cious to be hydatid cyst or amoebicliver abscess, during the period fromOctober 2012 to December 2013.Patients involved in the study wereadmitted to Mansoura UniversityHospital at the Tropical Medicine Departmentand were …

Long-Term Health Effects Of Malaria Exposure Around Birth: Evidence From Colonial Taiwan, Simon Chang, Belton Fleisher, Seonghoon Kim, Shi-Yung Liu

Research Collection School Of Economics

In the early 20th century, the Japanese colonial government initiated an island-wide malaria eradication campaign in Taiwan, resulting in not only a rapid decline in malaria across time but also elimination of disparity across regions. Exploiting variations in malaria deaths caused by the campaign, we estimate causal effects of malaria exposure around birth on the health of elderly born in the colonial period. To mitigate potential biases caused by measurement errors and omitted confounders, we employ climatic factors to instrument for malaria deaths. Our findings suggest that people who were exposed to a high malaria risk around birth tend to …

The Vibrio Cholerae Type Vi Secretion System Employs Diverse Effector Modules For Intraspecific Competition, Daniel Unterweger, Sarah T. Miyata, Verena Bachmann, Teresa M. Brooks, Travis Mullins, Benjamin Kostiuk, Daniele Provenzano, Stefan U. Pukatzki

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences (Formerly Dept. of Biology)

Vibrio cholerae is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that consists of over 200 serogroups with differing pathogenic potential. Only strains that express the virulence factors cholera toxin (CT) and toxin-coregulated pilus (TCP) are capable of pandemic spread of cholera diarrhoea. Regardless, all V. cholerae strains sequenced to date harbour genes for the type VI secretion system (T6SS) that translocates effectors into neighbouring eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Here we report that the effectors encoded within these conserved gene clusters differ widely among V. cholerae strains, and that immunity proteins encoded immediately downstream from the effector genes protect their host from neighbouring bacteria …

The Ethnobotany Of Pistacia Eurycarpa Yalt. In Iraqi-Kurdistan: Its Uses, Chemical Composition, And Anti-Biotic Activity Of Its Resin, Peter W. Schafran

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Pistacia eurycarpa Yalt. is a wild relative of pistachio (P. vera L.} that grows in the Zagros Mountains. For the Kurds who inhabit these mountains the tree has practical and cultural applications. All parts of this tree have a use, for structural materials, food, and medicine. While weII known in this region, the ethnobotany of P. eurycarpa is unknown in the outside world. I spent May and June of 2011 - 2013 in Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq, collecting information on this tree. In this time period I was able to witness the harvest of unripe fruits. Information about the tree …

Identification Of Genes Required By Bacillus Thuringiensis For Survival In Soil By Transposon-Directed Insertion Site Sequencing, Ah Bishop, Pa Rachwal, A Vaid

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Transposon-directed insertion site sequencing was used to identify genes required by Bacillus thuringiensis to survive in non-axenic plant/soil microcosms. A total of 516 genetic loci fulfilled the criteria as conferring survival characteristics. Of these, 127 (24.6 %) were associated with uptake and transport systems; 227 loci (44.0 %) coded for enzymatic properties; 49 (9.5 %) were gene regulation or sensory loci; 40 (7.8 %) were structural proteins found in the cell envelope or had enzymatic activities related to it and 24 (4.7 %) were involved in the production of antibiotics or resistance to them. Eighty-three (16.1 %) encoded hypothetical proteins …

Characteristics Of Transgender Individuals Entering Substance Abuse Treatment, Annesa Flentje, Nicholas C. Heck, James L. Sorensen

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

Little is known about the needs or characteristics of transgender individuals in substance abuse treatment settings. Transgender (n = 199) and non-transgender (cisgender, n = 13,440) individuals were compared on psychosocial factors related to treatment, health risk behaviors, medical and mental health status and utilization, and substance use behaviors within a database that documented individuals entering substance abuse treatment in San Francisco, CA from 2007 to 2009 using logistic and linear regression analyses (run separately by identified gender). Transgender men (assigned birth sex of female) differed from cisgender men across many psychosocial factors, including having more recent employment, less …

Distribution Of Ticks (Ixodida) Of Canis Lupus Familiaris L. (Carnivora: Canidae) From Seven Towns In Chiriquí Province, Panamá, Michelle Ferrell

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

In Panama, there are cases of ticks that can act as vectors or reservoirs for rickettsioses. This study hopes to verify the effects of urbanization in correlation with elevation on the distribution of populations of different species of ticks on domesticated dogs in the Chiriquí Province of Panama. Seven towns, three in the lowlands (La Concepcion, David and Dolega) and four in the highlands (Boquete, Cerro Punta, Potrerillos Arriba, and Volcan) were chosen according to an urbanizational and elevational gradient. A total of 280 dogs (n=40 for each town) were examined for all life stages of ticks (Acari: Ixodida) with …

Smoking Behaviors Among Pregnant Women: A Romanian Case Study, Katherine Lemasters

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Smoking behavior during pregnancy is one of few preventable factors associated with poor health outcomes for both women and children. The post-communist countries in Central and Eastern Europe face many challenges in this realm, as tobacco control efforts have not adequately addressed this behavioral health issue that has arisen since 1989. To better inform these efforts in Romania, this study categorizes the determinants of pregnant women’s prior smoking, current smoking, and current smoke exposure by using both quantitative and qualitative analysis. We find that those living with other smokers, exposed to smoke on a daily basis, and experiencing stress during …

What Kind Of Economy In The Era Of Commons?, Luigino Bruni

Claritas: Journal of Dialogue and Culture

The author discusses the Economy of Communion (EoC) as the main legacy of Chiara Lubich’s charism to both the economy and the field of economics. He argues that the EoC is particularly relevant to the present economic situation, which he defines as “the era of commons,” commons being shared goods that are crucial for the peace and well-being of people. He goes on to show how the Economy of Communion can offer important guidance in the domains of poverty, relational goods, and reciprocity.

Uab's Saag To Be Recognized Nationally For Efforts To Combat Hiv/Aids, Jim Bakken

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Hiv May Impact Driving Abilities Of Middle-Age And Older Adults, Tyler Greer

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

Overwintering And Early Season Amplification Of Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus In The Southeastern United States, Andrea Bingham

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) is a highly pathogenic arbovirus that causes severe disease, with a mortality rate of approximately 30-35% in humans and 80-90% in horses. Studies dating back to the 1930's have identified many of the epidemiological and ecological aspects of the virus. However, there are several aspects of EEEV's transmission cycle that remain unclear. In the northeastern states, transmission is seasonal, peaking in the late summer months, while in Florida there is year-round transmission of EEEV. Recent phylogenetic studies have also suggested that Florida may serve as a reservoir for EEEV; the virus may periodically be introduced …

Pathogenic Mechanisms And Signaling Pathways In Plasmodium Falciparum, Jennifer L. Sedillo

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Plasmodium falciparum is a human intracellular parasite that is the causative agent of a deadly form of malaria. This species alone is responsible for 200 million cases of malaria annually resulting in over 1 million deaths worldwide. The excessive mortality due to P. falciparum infection is due to its ability to cause severe pathogenesis through hyperparasitemia and cytoadherence defined as the ability of infected red blood cells to adhere to host vasculature. Cytoadherence is mediated through the export of parasite proteins to the surface of the infected red blood cell (RBC). Exported proteins have been identified but the pathway for …

Reciprocity In Microbiome And Immune System Interactions And Its Implications In Disease And Health., Enayat Nikoopour, Bhagirath Singh

Microbiology & Immunology Publications

Adaptation of the whole microbial normal flora residing in a host to its natural habitat over an evolutionary period has resulted in peaceful coexistence with mutual benefits for both microbiota and host in steady state. This symbiotic relationship between host and microbiota has a significant impact on shaping the immune response in the host to achieve an immune tolerance to microbiota but retaining the ability to respond to invading pathogens. Perturbation of this balance by manipulation of microbial communities in the host can lead to immune dysregulation and susceptibility to diseases. By studying the host in the absence of microbiota …

The Tiger Vol. 108 Issue 8 2014-03-28, Clemson University

Tiger Newspapers

No abstract provided.

Obesity And Dining Out: An Exploration Of Dietary Trends In Urban Malaysia, Sylvia S. Lim

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Economic growth has spurred rapid urbanization in Malaysia and triggered changes in diet, lifestyle, and disease trends. National studies show that a third of Malaysia's population is overweight/obese while household expenditures on dining out grow. In metropolitan Kuala Lumpur (KL), residents navigate concepts of nutrition, body weight, and health as they dine out. Using the biocultural framework, this study examined links between body weight, diet, income, street food consumption, and nutritional knowledge through the perspectives of consumers and vendors. Altogether, 77 participants were recruited for this three-phase research. In the first phase, a survey was administered to 60 participants recruited …

Synthesis And Evaluation Of 3-Aryl-4(1h)-Quinolones As Orally Active Antimalarials: Overcoming Challenges In Solubility, Metabolism, And Bioavailability, Andrii Monastyrskyi

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Infectious diseases are the second leading cause of deaths in the world with malaria being responsible for approximately the same amount of deaths as cancer in 2012. Despite the success in malaria prevention and control measures decreasing the disease mortality rate by 45% since 2000, the development of single-dose therapeutics with radical cure potential is required to completely eradicate this deadly disease. Targeting multiple stages of the malaria parasite is becoming a primary requirement for new candidates in antimalarial drug discovery and development. Recently, 4(1H)-pyridone, 4(1H)-quinolone, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridone, and phenoxyethoxy-4(1H)-quinolone chemotypes have been shown to be antimalarials with blood stage activity, …