Digital Commons Network^™

Trail-R1 Is A Negative Regulator Of Pro-Inflammatory Responses And Modulates Long-Term Sequelae Resulting From Chlamydia Trachomatis Infections In Humans, Mufadhal Al-Kuhlani, James Rothchild, Sukumar Pal, Luis M. De La Maza, Sander Ouberg, Servaas A. Morré, Deborah Dean, David M. Ojcius

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

The immune system eliminates Chlamydia trachomatis infection through inflammation. However, uncontrolled inflammation can enhance pathology. In mice, TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor (TRAIL-R), known for its effects on apoptosis, also regulates inflammation. In humans, the four homologues of TRAIL-R had never been investigated for effects on inflammation. Here, we examined whether TRAIL-R regulates inflammation during chlamydial infection. We examined TRAIL-R1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in an Ecuadorian cohort with and without C. trachomatis infections. There was a highly significant association for the TRAIL+626 homozygous mutant GG for infection vs no infection in this population. To confirm the results observed in the …

Electronic Health Record Documentation: Is It An Accurate Indicator Of Quality Of Care For Mechanically Ventilated Patients?, Joetta Powell

Applied Research Projects

Background: Ventilator associated pneumonia is one of the leading hospital acquired infections associated with increased mortality and lengths of stay in mechanically ventilated patients.

Hypothesis: It is hypothesized that the introduction of chlorhexidine gluconate will show reduction in the incidences of ventilator associated pneumonia and a greater reduction with tooth brushing vs oral swabbing. It is also hypothesized that the electronic health record will provide more evidence of quality of care than an external EHR sources.

Methods: The non-randomized, non-sampled population included 98 patient records that met the inclusion criteria. The external tool, Automated Vent Bundle tool provided information as …

Clinic Connection: Spring 2014, Centracare Clinic

Clinic Connection

• President’s Message: "Population health is a way of delivering care"
• BRCA1, BRCA2 and Beyond
• Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy can help heal wounds
• Dual Laser remodels collagen, reduces healing time
• Introducing our new CentraCare Clinic Specialist
• Medicare changes coverage for routine pre-operative screening services

The Association Between Influenza Treatment And Hospitalization-Associated Outcomes Among Korean Children With Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza, Jacqueline K. Lim, Tae Hee Kim, Paul E. Kilgore, Allison E. Aiello, Byung Min Choi, Kwang Chul Lee, Kee Hwan Yoo, Young-Hwan Song, Yun-Kyung Kim

Department of Pharmacy Practice

There are limited data evaluating the relationship between influenza treatment and hospitalization duration. Our purpose assessed the association between different treatments and hospital stay among Korean pediatric influenza patients. Total 770 children ≤ 15 yr-of-age hospitalized with community-acquired laboratory-confirmed influenza at three large urban tertiary care hospitals were identified through a retrospective medical chart review. Demographic, clinical, and cost data were extracted and a multivariable linear regression model was used to assess the associations between influenza treatment types and hospital stay. Overall, there were 81% of the patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza who received antibiotic monotherapy whereas only 4% of …

Progress Notes, Lehigh Valley Health Network

Progress Notes

No abstract provided.

Intravenous Immunoglobulin In The Treatment Of Severe Clostridium Difficile Colitis, Nihar Shah Md

Gastroenterology

Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) has been utilized in patients with recurrent and refractory Clostridium difficile colitis. It is increasingly being used in patients with initial clinical presentation of severe colitis. Herein, we report a case of severe C. Difficile colitis successfully treated with IVIG with a review of the medical literature to identify the optimal timing and clinical characteristics for this treatment strategy.

Venue-Based Recruitment Of Women At Elevated Risk For Hiv: An Hiv Prevention Trials Network Study, Danielle F. Haley, Carol E. Golin, Wafaa M. El-Sadr, James P. Hughes, Jing Wang, Irene Kuo, +13 Additional Authors

Epidemiology Faculty Publications

Background: The challenge of identifying and recruiting U.S. women at elevated risk for HIV acquisition impedes prevention studies and services. HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 064 was a U.S. multisite, longitudinal cohort study designed to estimate HIV incidence among women living in communities with prevalent HIV and poverty. Venue-based sampling (VBS) methodologies and participant and venue characteristics are described.

Methods: Eligible women were recruited from 10 U.S. communities with prevalent HIV and poverty using VBS. Participant eligibility criteria included age 18–44 years, residing in a designated census tract/zip code, and self-report of at least one high-risk personal and/or male sexual …

A Framework For Synthesizing Agent-Based Heterogeneous Population Model For Epidemic Simulation, Madih Sahar

Open Access Theses

Social interactions play an important role in spread of a disease. In this thesis we propose a probabilistic approach to synthesize an agent-based heterogeneous population interaction model to study the spatio-temporal dynamics of an air-born epidemic, such as influenza, in a metropolitan area. The proposed methodology is generic in nature and can generate a baseline population for the cities for which detailed population summary tables are not available. The joint probabilities of population demographics are estimated using the International Public Use Microsimulation Data (IPUMS) sample data set. Based on the population density and the socio-economic status, the population is divided …

Volume 38, Issue 1 (Spring 2014)

Transcript

No abstract provided.

Newsletter Spring 2014

Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Bacterial Profiles Of Saliva In Relation To Diet, Lifestyle Factors, And Socioeconomic Status, Daniel Belstrøm, Palle Holmstrup, Claus H. Nielsen, Nicolai Kirkby, Svante Twetman, Berit L. Heitmann, Vanja Klepac-Ceraj, Bruce J. Paster, Nils-Erik Fiehn

Faculty Research and Scholarship

Background and objective: The bacterial profile of saliva is composed of bacteria from different oral surfaces. The objective of this study was to determine whether different diet intake, lifestyle, or socioeconomic status is associated with characteristic bacterial saliva profiles.

Design: Stimulated saliva samples from 292 participants with low levels of dental caries and periodontitis, enrolled in the Danish Health Examination Survey (DANHES), were analyzed for the presence of approximately 300 bacterial species by means of the Human Oral Microbe Identification Microarray (HOMIM). Using presence and levels (mean HOMIM-value) of bacterial probes as endpoints, the influence of diet intake, …

Biodefense And Constitutional Constraints, Laura K. Donohue

University of Miami National Security & Armed Conflict Law Review

No abstract provided.

Borrelia Chilensis, A New Member Of The Borrelia Burgdorferi Sensu Lato Complex That Extends The Range Of This Genospecies In The Southern Hemisphere, Larisa Ivanova, Alexandra Tomova, Daniel Gonzalez-Acuna, Roberto Murua, Claudia X. Moreno, Claudio Hernandez, Javier Cabello, Carlos Cabello, Thomas J. Daniels, Henry P. Godfrey, Felipe C. Cabello

NYMC Faculty Publications

Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.), transmitted by Ixodes spp. ticks, is the causative agent of Lyme disease. Although Ixodes spp. ticks are distributed in both Northern and Southern Hemispheres, evidence for the presence of B. burgdorferi s.l. in South America apart from Uruguay is lacking. We now report the presence of culturable spirochetes with flat-wave morphology and borrelial DNA in endemic Ixodes stilesi ticks collected in Chile from environmental vegetation and long-tailed rice rats (Oligoryzomys longicaudatus). Cultured spirochetes and borrelial DNA in ticks were characterized by multilocus sequence typing and by sequencing five other loci (16S and 23S ribosomal genes, …

Vol. 39, No. 1: Spring 2014, School Of Medicine & Health Sciences

North Dakota Medicine Archive

No abstract provided.

Special Awards And Scholarships: Virginia Junior Academy Of Science

Virginia Journal of Science

Special Awards and Scholarships for the Virginia Junior Academy of Science, 2014

Wsu Research News, Spring/Summer 2014, Office Of Research And Sponsored Programs, Wright State University

WSU Research News

A seventeen page newsletter of the WSU Research News. The WSU Research News was published monthly beginning in June of 1968 and issued by the Office of Research Development. This newsletter was created to provide information to the WSU faculty about the availability of outside funds for research and educational programs, new developments that may affect availability of funds, and general information on research and educational activities at Wright State University.

Rethinking China’S Model: Contending Perspectives On Chinese Economic Reform And State Governance, Zhiguo Ye

Journal of International and Global Studies

Book review on:

• Wang Mengkui ed. Thirty Years of China's Reform. London and New York: Routledge. 2012.
• Joseph Tse-Hei Lee, Lida V Nedilsky, Siu Keung Cheung (eds.) China's Rise to Power: Conceptions of State Governance. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. 2012.

Geographic Variation In Alkaloid-Based Microbial Defenses Of The Strawberry Poison Frog, Oophaga Pumilio, Annemarie Mina

Senior Honors Projects

Frogs of the family Dendrobatidae use alkaloids as a chemical defense against predators. Alkaloids are not manufactured by frogs, but instead sequestered from a diet of arthropods. Alkaloid defenses in dendrobatids differ with geographic location, mainly because arthropod availability varies with location. It has been postulated that alkaloids also function as a defense against microbes and different frog alkaloids might be more/less effective against microbes. We assessed this hypothesis by testing the effectiveness of alkaloids in the dendrobatid frog Oophaga pumilio from five geographic locations in Costa Rica and Panama against different microbes. Alkaloids were tested against the bacteria Escherichia …

Dipl 6279 Na Global Impact Of Infectious Disease, Yanzhong Huang Phd

Diplomacy Syllabi

Infectious disease has affected world history more extensively than most of us can imagine. This course will examine infectious disease as both a mirror reflecting macro historical process and a causative agent of change in governance for health. It will be divided into three parts. Part I examines the historical impact of infectious disease. Part II examines how human responses to infectious diseases transformed global governance for health. Part III features student presentations with regard to infectious disease and global health governance. By taking this course, students are expected to not only obtain an in-depth understanding of the impact of …

Moving Beyond The Welfare Standard Of Psychological Well-Being For Nonhuman Primates: The Case Of Chimpanzees, John P. Gluck

Experimentation Collection

Since 1985, the US Animal Welfare Act and Public Health Service policy have required that researchers using nonhuman primates in biomedical and behavioral research develop a plan ‘‘for a physical environment adequate to promote the psychological well-being of primates.’’ In pursuing this charge, housing attributes such as social companionship, opportunities to express species-typical behavior, suitable space for expanded locomotor activity, and nonstressful relationships with laboratory personnel are dimensions that have dominated the discussion. Regulators were careful not to direct a specific set of prescriptions (i.e., engineering standards) for the attainment of these goals, but to leave the design of the …

Miasmatic Theory, Emily Garvanovic

ESSAI

No abstract provided.

Estimating Environmental Conditions Affecting Protozoal Pathogen Removal In Wetland Systems Using A Multi-Scale, Model-Based Approach, Miles Eric Daniels

SNS Master's Theses

Cryptosporidium parvum, Giardia lamblia, and Toxoplasma gondii are waterborne protozoal pathogens distributed worldwide and empirical evidence suggests that wetlands reduce the concentrations of these pathogens under certain environmental conditions. The goal of this study was to evaluate how protozoal removal in surface water is affected by the water temperature, turbidity, salinity, and vegetation cover of wetlands in the Monterey Bay region of California. To examine how protozoal removal was affected by these environmental factors, we conducted observational experiments at three primary spatial scales: settling columns, re-circulating wetland mesocosm tanks, and an experimental research wetland (Molera Wetland). Simultaneously, we developed a …

A Humorous Lesson, Becky Reichel

ESSAI

No abstract provided.

Gettysburg: Our College's Magazine Spring 2014, Communications & Marketing

Gettysburg: Our College’s Magazine

Table of Contents:

Agriculture the Aperture, Global the View (Rebecca Croog, '14)

"What Is Your Passion?" Professor Hakim Mohandas Amani Williams

What Makes A Great... Zoo? Anne Elefterakis ’99

First Academic All-Americans: Men's Soccer (Andrew Bellis ’14 and Devin Geiman ’14)

Public Information Public History (David Fort ’00), Macy Collins '14

Sports Illustrated: 5 Questions for SI's Publisher (Brendan Ripp ’99)

Leap of the Century (Howard Bostock ’18), Corey Jewart

Students Research the Origins of Autism, Samantha Gagliano ’14

Lured by the Lore of the West, Kasey Varner ’14

Immersed in Environmental Policy

East Meets West

Gifts …

Marshall University Joan C. Edwards School Of Medicine, Professional Enhancement Newsletter, Spring 2014, Darshana Shah Ph.D

Professional Enhancement News (PEN)

Spring 2014, Volume 6, Number 1

Identification Of Brucella Suis From Feral Swine In Selected States In The Usa, Kerri Pedersen, Christine R. Quance, Suelee Robbe-Austerman, Antionette J. Piaggio, Sarah N. Bevins, Samuel M. Goldstein, Wesson D. Gaston, Thomas J. Deliberto

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Serologic tests currently available for brucellosis diagnosis detect antibodies to Brucella but do not distinguish between species of Brucella. Although Brucella suis is known to circulate within various feral swine (Sus scrofa) populations, our objective was to determine the primary species of Brucella circulating in feral swine populations in areas of the US with high brucellosis prevalence. We cultured lymph nodes from 183 feral swine. We identified 22 isolates from 21 animals, and all isolates were genotyped as B. suis. Most isolates were B. suis biovar 1, with the exception of two genetically distinct isolates from one feral swine in …

Teacher Internship Report - Anderson Union High School, Kathryn L. Teixeira

Agricultural Education: Graduate Internship Reports

This internship/project report includes validation documents required in meeting the quality criteria for secondary-level programs of instruction in agriculture. The documents are concurrently used for the Agriculture Incentive Grant review process at Anderson Union High School conducted by representatives of the California Department of Education. The internship included the practical application of occupational skills related to the horticulture industry and modification to the Greenhouse facilities at Anderson Union High School by improving ergonomics of greenhouse tables, replacing the existing siding of storage facilities and installing concrete walkways within the greenhouse. Students in the Agricultural Department were integral in all parts …

Circulation, Vol. 19, No. 1, Center For Coastal Physical Oceanography, Old Dominion University, John M. Klinck, Eileen E. Hofmann

CCPO Circulation

Spring 2014 issue of Circulation, featuring the article "Theoretical Models of Marine Infectious Diseases and the Effects of Climate Variability" by John Klinck and Eileen Hofmann

Compensating The Victims Of Failure To Vaccinate: What Are The Options, Dorit Rubinstein Reiss

Cornell Journal of Law and Public Policy

No abstract provided.

Medicine + Health, Spring 2014, George Washington University, School Of Medicine And Health Sciences, Office Of Communications And Marketing

Medicine + Health Magazine

No abstract provided.