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Zebrafish: Modeling For Herpes Simplex Virus Infections, Kevin Jones

Department of Biology Faculty Publications

Abstract For many years, zebrafish have been the prototypical model for studies in developmental biology. In recent years, zebrafish has emerged as a powerful model system to study infectious diseases, including viral infections. Experiments conducted with herpes simplex virus type-1 in adult zebrafish or in embryo models are encouraging as they establish proof of concept with viral-host tropism and possible screening of antiviral compounds. In addition, the presence of human homologs of viral entry receptors in zebrafish such as 3-O sulfated heparan sulfate, nectins, and tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 14-like receptor bring strong rationale for virologists to test …

Healthy You, Lehigh Valley Health Network

Healthy You

No abstract provided.

Interdisciplinary Approach To Dizziness: Roles Of Audiology And Physical Therapy, Faith W. Akin, Courtney D. Hall, Kristal M. Riska

ETSU Faculty Works

Dizziness is one of the most common reasons patients seek medical care, and because there are many causes of dizziness, management of these patients requires an interdisciplinary approach. Peripheral vestibular dysfunction is the most common cause of dizziness/vertigo diagnosed in specialty clinics. The purpose of this article is to present an interdisciplinary approach to the management of patients with vestibular dysfunction with a focus on the unique and overlapping contributions of audiology and physical therapy to vestibular assessment and rehabilitation.

Investigating Infection Control Behavior In Nurses: Impact Of Computer Charting, Elizabeth L. Beam, Shawn Gibbs

Posters and Presentations: College of Nursing

In a small mixed methods study, nursing behaviors related to infection control were evaluated as nurses participated in a video recorded patient care simulation. The scenario asked the nurse to care for a patient in both airborne and contact isolation precautions with small high definition cameras mounted in a real hospital room. The patient was simulated by a live actor with an artificial intravenous line. The simulation scenario asked the nurse to assess their patient and give them some pain medication. The simulation experience was followed by a Think Aloud session while participants watched their individual simulation performance. The session …

The Added Complications Of Climate Change: Understanding And Managing Biodiversity, Ecosystems, And Ecosystem Services Under Multiple Stressors., Amanda Staudt, Allison K. Leidner, Jennifer Howard, Kate A. Brauman, Jeffrey Dukes, Lara J. Hansen, Craig Paukert, John Sabo, Luis A. Solórzano

Department of Forestry & Natural Resources Faculty Publications

Ecosystems around the world are already threatened by land-use and land-cover change, extraction of natural resources, biological disturbances, and pollution. These environmental stressors have been the primary source of ecosystem degradation to date, and climate change is now exacerbating some of their effects. Ecosystems already under stress are likely to have more rapid and acute reactions to climate change; it is therefore useful to understand how multiple stresses will interact, especially as the magnitude of climate change increases. Understanding these interactions could be critically important in the design of climate adaptation strategies, especially because actions taken by other sectors (eg …

The Biology And Taxonomy Of Head And Body Lice: Implications For Louse-Borne Disease Prevention, Denise L. Bonilla, Lance A. Durden, Marina E. Eremeeva, Gregory A. Dasch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

Sucking lice (Phthiraptera: Anoplura) are obligate blood-feeding ectoparasites of placental mammals including humans. Worldwide, more than 550 species have been described and many are specific to a particular host species of mammal. Three taxa uniquely parasitize humans: the head louse, body louse, and crab (pubic) louse. The body louse, in particular, has epidemiological importance because it is a vector of the causative agents of three important human diseases: epidemic typhus, trench fever, and louse-borne relapsing fever. Since the advent of antibiotics and more effective body louse control measures in the 1940s, these diseases have markedly diminished in incidence. However, due …

Viral Agents Causing Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infections In Hospitalized Children At A Tertiary Care Center In Saudi Arabia, Elham E. Bukhari, Malak M. Elhazmi

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To determine the load and importance of respiratory viruses in hospitalized Saudi children with acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRIs). METHODS: A retrospective study was performed at the Departments of Pediatrics, Pathology/Microbiology, King Khalid University Hospital, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from January 2005 to December 2010. Nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from 643 children with ALRI. Viruses were detected by direct immunofluorescence, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus (ADV), type 1 to 3 parainfluenza viruses (PIV), and type A and B influenza virus (flu). RESULTS: Of the 643 children with ALRI, viruses were detected in 309 (48.1%) specimens. The viruses that …

Incidence And Risk Factors Of Bacteria Causing Infectious Keratitis, Yousef H. Aldebasi, Salah M. Aly, Muhammad I. Ahmad, Amjad A. Khan

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To study the incidence and risk factors of the bacteria causing infectious keratitis among patients in Qassim province of Saudi Arabia. METHODS: This is a cross sectional study conducted at the Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Qassim, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from December 2010 to May 2011. One hundred patients suspected of keratitis were subjected to clinical examinations. A total of 115 corneal swabs from these cases were collected under aseptic conditions for bacteriological examinations. RESULTS: Culture of the corneal swabs revealed Pseudomonas aeruginosa (25.2%), Staphylococcus aureus (15.7%), and unclassified bacteria (13.9%). However, 52 …

The Utility Of Platelet, Mean Platelet Volume, And Red Cell Distribution Width In The Diagnosis Of Active Crohn's Disease And Intestinal Tuberculosis, Sha Huang, Feng-Ming Yi, Rui Zhou, Min Chen, Yuan Lei, Jun-Zhang Zhao, Heng Zhang, Bing Xia

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic utility of platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), and red cell distribution width (RDW) in patients with active Crohn9s disease (CD) and intestinal tuberculosis (ITB). METHODS: This study was conducted in the Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. Sixty-eight patients with active CD, 35 with ITB, and 22 as control group were recruited. Blood routine test including white blood cell, red blood cell, PLT, MPV, RDW, and so forth was investigated. RESULTS: Patients with active CD and ITB have increased PLT and RDW (both p<0.001), and decreased MPV (p=0.002). The RDW performed preferably in predicting both active CD (odds ratio [OR]=2.390, p=0.007), and ITB (OR=2.338, p=0.017), and had better diagnostic value (area under the receiver operating characteristics curve [AUC] - 0.812; p<0.001) than CRP (AUC - 0.716; p=0.007) and ESR (AUC - 0.804; p<0.001) in ITB diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Among the laboratory markers, RDW not only possessed the favorable capability to predict active CD, but also showed outstanding predicting capability, and good diagnostic value in ITB.

Uptake Of Higher Intravenous Colistin Methanesulfonate Dosing In Hospitals In The Gulf Cooperation Council States. A Web-Based Survey Study, Ali S. Omrani, Wafa A. Alfahad, Ali M. Albarrak

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Maternal Anaemia And Duration Of Zidovudine In Antiretroviral Regimens For Preventing Mother-To-Child Transmission: A Randomized Trial In Three African Countries, Benn K.D. Sartorius, Matthew F. Chersich, Mary Mwaura, Nicolas Meda, Marleen Temmerman, Marie Louise Newell, Timothy M. M. Farley, Stanley Luchters, The Kesho Bora Study Group

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background: Although substantiated by little evidence, concerns about zidovudine-related anaemia in pregnancy have influenced antiretroviral (ARV) regimen choice for preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1, especially in settings where anaemia is common.

Methods: Eligible HIV-infected pregnant women in Burkina Faso, Kenya and South Africa were followed from 28 weeks of pregnancy until 12–24 months after delivery (n = 1070). Women with a CD4 count of 200-500cells/mm3 and gestational age 28–36 weeks were randomly assigned to zidovudine-containing triple-ARV prophylaxis continued during breastfeeding up to 6-months, or to zidovudine during pregnancy plus single-dose nevirapine (sd-NVP) at labour. Additionally, two cohorts were …

Defining The Field Of Public Health Law, Micah L. Berman

DePaul Journal of Health Care Law

No abstract provided.

Dental Hygienists' Knowledge Of Hiv, Attitudes Towards People With Hiv And Willingness To Conduct Rapid Hiv Testing, Anthony J. Santella, B Krishnamachari, Susan H. Davide, Marilyn Cortell, Winnie Furnari, B Watts, Sarah C. Hayden

Publications and Research

This study was aimed to determine the dental hygienists' knowledge of HIV, attitudes towards people living with HIV and willingness to conduct rapid HIV testing.

Oxidative Status And Apoptosis In Infants And Children With Febrile Seizure, Samir El Hassan, Mostafa El Ayouty, Mona Hafez, Maydaa Zaki, Mayada Husseini

Mansoura Medical Journal

Objective : To assess the oxidativestatus and apoptosis in infantsandchildren with febrile seizure.Methods:This study includes all childrenhaving a febrile seizure eithersimpleor complex. They were 40 patientsand tweenty children as control. Blood sample was taken fromthepatients to measure serum totalanti-oxidantcapacity, MDA, solubleFas-L.Data was analyzed usingSPSS16. Results: We found thatchildren with FS had significantlyhigher oxidative stress levels (higherMDA 33.41±10.36 nmol/ml and lowerTAC median=0.55 Mm/L) (p≤0.001)& higher evidence of apoptosis atdiagnosis (Median sFas-L 150 ng/L)(p=0.003) than control group.Conclusion: the present work providesevidence for the increase in oxidative stress (higher MDA, lowerTAC) and apoptosis (higher s Fas-L)when compared with control. Infectionor fever per se …

Substrate-Dependent Dynamics Of Udp-Galactopyranose Mutase: Implications For Drug Design, Leonardo Boechi, Cesar Augusto F. De Oliveira, Isabel Da Fonseca, Karina Kizjakina, Pablo Sobrado, John J. Tanner, J. Andrew Mccammon

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Trypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of Chagas disease, a neglected tropical disease that represents one of the major health challenges of the Latin American countries. Successful efforts were made during the last few decades to control the transmission of this disease, but there is still no treatment for the 10 million adults in the chronic phase of the disease. In T. cruzi, as well as in other pathogens, the flavoenzyme UDP-galactopyranose mutase (UGM) catalyzes the conversion of UDP-galactopyranose to UDP-galactofuranose, a precursor of the cell surface b-galactofuranose that is involved in the virulence of the pathogen. The fact that …

Immunoproteomic Analysis Of Proteins Expressed By Two Related Pathogens, Burkholderia Multivorans And Burkholderia Cenocepacia, During Human Infection., Minu Shinoy, Ruth Dennehy, Lorraine Coleman, Stephen Carberru, Kirsten Schaffer, Máire Callaghan, Sean Doyle, Siobhan Mcclean

Articles

Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen that causes chronic infections in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). It is a highly antibiotic resistant organism and Bcc infections are rarely cleared from patients, once they are colonized. The two most clinically relevant species within Bcc are Burkholderia cenocepacia and Burkholderia multivorans. The virulence of these pathogens has not been fully elucidated and the virulence proteins expressed during human infection have not been identified to date. Furthermore, given its antibiotic resistance, prevention of infection with a prophylactic vaccine may represent a better alternative than eradication of an existing infection. We …

Developing An International Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Reference Panel., Anthony Desoyza, Amanda J. Hall, Eshwar Mahenthiralingam, Pavel Drevinek, Wieslaw Kaca, Zuzanna Drulis-Kawa, Stoyanka Stoitsova, Tom Coenye, James Zlosnik, Jane Burns, Isabelle Sa Correia, Daniel Devos, Jean-Paul Pirnay, Timothy Kidd, David Reid, Jim Manos, Jens Klockether, Litz Wiehlmann, Burkhard Tuemmler, Siobhan Mcclean, Craig Winstanley

Articles

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major opportunistic pathogen in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and causes a wide range of infections among other susceptible populations. Its inherent resistance to many antimicrobials also makes it difficult to treat infections with this pathogen. Recent evidence has highlighted the diversity of this species, yet despite this, the majority of studies on virulence and pathogenesis focus on a small number of strains. There is a pressing need for a P. aeruginosa reference panel to harmonize and coordinate the collective efforts of the P. aeruginosa research community. We have collated a panel of 43 P. aeruginosa strains …

Salmonella Cholecystitis: Atypical Presentation Of A Typical Condition, Rehan Ali, Shakeel Ahmed, Maqbool Qadir, Huba Atiq, Muhammad Hamid

Department of Emergency Medicine

Salmonella cholecystitis is a rare but important complication of Salmonella typhi infection. We are reporting an 11 years old female child who presented with complaints of high-grade fever, jaundice and right sided abdominal pain (Charcot's triad). Her examination showed tender hepatomegaly. Initial blood results revealed high white cell counts with left shift, deranged liver function tests. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed distended gallbladder with minimal layer of sludge seen within its lumen along with streak of pericholecystic fluid. Blood culture grew Salmonella typhi. She was successfully treated with intravenous ceftriaxone.

New Hampshire Infectious Disease Surveillance Section: New Hampshire Std/Hiv Survaillance Program 5 Year Data Summary Report 2008-2012, Nh Division Of Public Health Services

Manchester Research Group

Report listing demographic data by disease.

Population Health Matters, Fall 2013, Download Full Text Pdf

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Healthcare-Associated Infections-Is Targeting Zero A Global Reality?, Mary Lou Manning Phd, Crnp, Cic, Faan, Denise Murphy Rn, Mph, Cic, Faan

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Single Dose Of Glycoprotein K (Gk)-Deleted Hsv-1 Live-Attenuated Virus Protects Mice Against Lethal Vaginal Challenge With Hsv-1 And Hsv-2 And Induces Lasting T Cell Memory Immune Responses, Arun V. Iyer, Bapi Pahar, Vladimir N. Chouljenko, Jason D. Walker, Brent Stanfield, Konstantin G. Kousoulas

Faculty Publications

Background: Herpes simplex virus type-1(HSV-1) and HSV-2 are important human pathogens that cause significant ocular and urogenital complications, respectively. We have previously shown that HSV-1 virions lacking glycoprotein K (gK) are unable to enter into neurons via synaptic axonal membranes and be transported in either retrograde or anterograde manner. Here, we tested the ability of HSV-1 (F) gK-null to protect against lethal challenge with either highly virulent ocular HSV-1 (McKrae strain), or genital HSV-2 (G strain). The gK-null virus vaccine efficiently protected mice against lethal vaginal infection with either HSV-1(McKrae) or HSV-2 (G). Results: Female mice were immunized via a …

A Genome-To-Genome Analysis Of Associations Between Human Genetic Variation, Hiv-1 Sequence Diversity, And Viral Control, Istvan Bartha, Jonathan M. Carlson, Chanson J. Brumme, Paul J. Mclaren, Zabrina L. Brumme, Mina John, David W. Haas, Javier Martinez-Picado, Judith Dalmau, Cecilio Lopez-Galindez, Concepcion Casado, Andri Rauch, Huldrych F. Gunthard, Enos Bernasconi, Pietro Vernazza, Thomas Klimkait, Sabine Yerly, Stephen J. O'Brien, Jennifer Listgarten, Nico Pfeifer, Christoph Lippert, Nicolo Fusi, Zoltan Kutalik, Todd M. Allen, Viktor Muller, P. Richard Harrigan, David Heckerman, Amalio Telenti, Jacques Fellay

Biology Faculty Articles

HIV-1 sequence diversity is affected by selection pressures arising from host genomic factors. Using paired human and viral data from 1071 individuals, we ran >3000 genome-wide scans, testing for associations between host DNA polymorphisms, HIV-1 sequence variation and plasma viral load (VL), while considering human and viral population structure. We observed significant human SNP associations to a total of 48 HIV-1 amino acid variants (p<2.4 × 10⁻¹²). All associated SNPs mapped to the HLA class I region. Clinical relevance of host and pathogen variation was assessed using VL results. We identified two critical advantages to the use of viral variation …

Unsolved Mysteries In Nlr Biology, Christopher R. Lupfer, Thirumala Devi Kanneganti

College of Natural and Applied Sciences

NOD-like receptors (NLRs) are a class of cytoplasmic pattern-recognition receptors. Although most NLRs play some role in immunity, their functions range from regulating antigen presentation (NLRC5, CIITA) to pathogen/damage sensing (NLRP1, NLRP3, NLRC1/2, NLRC4) to suppression or modulation of inflammation (NLRC3, NLRP6, NLRP12, NLRX1). However, NLRP2, NLRP5, and NLRP7 are also involved in non-immune pathways such as embryonic development. In this review, we highlight some of the least well-understood aspects of NLRs, including the mechanisms by which they sense pathogens or damage. NLRP3 recognizes a diverse range of stimuli and numerous publications have presented potential unifying models for NLRP3 activation, …

Empowering Students With Assessment Data, Jane M. Souza, Karen D.C. Bobak

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Students’ perspective on assessment may be limited to summative grades for semester performance. However, providing access to data tracking their progress formatively could empower them to be more proactive in preparing for success. Examples of empowering students through access to data will be shared from two campuses. One campus will demonstrate how requiring students to reflect on longitudinal reports of their performance on learning outcomes can assist in targeting their studies. The second campus will exhibit how assessment data can be linked to peer mentoring. Participants will strategize how to engage students actively in the use of assessment data.

Public Health Services & Systems Research: Building The Science Of Public Health Delivery, Glen P. Mays

Health Management and Policy Presentations

The extreme heterogeneity in how public health activities are organized, financed, and implemented across U.S. states and communities provides compelling opportunities for research on the comparative effectiveness and efficiency of public health delivery. This talk highlights some of the most compelling and policy-relevant opportunities for research on public health organization and financing issues, and examines some of the ongoing studies in the field.

Agenda And Attachments, 2013 October 23

Agendas and Minutes

No abstract provided.

Prospectus, October 23, 2013, Ted Sutterlund, Mackenzie Hryhorysak, Ben Boltinghouse, Ashton Gwin, Alex Wallner

Prospectus 2013

SEMINAR HIGHLIGHTS ART PROGRAM; Trick-or-treating trending for college students; Seminar coverage continued; Why you may have a fear of missing out; Public safety on domestic violence awareness; Discover the epidemic of overtreatment; The rise of chairs covered in chewing gum!!!; Myths and origins of Halloween; Parkland athletics help the community; Fall outings: From stargazing parties to wildlife-watching adventures, these four day trips have become cherished autumn traditions

The Daily Egyptian, October 22, 2013, Daily Egyptian Staff

October 2013

No abstract provided.

Development Of An Evidence-Based Resource Guide For Nurses On Medical Missions In Developing Countries, Natalie Ann Masco

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Session presented on: Thursday, July 25, 2013:

Background: In 2007, an estimated 1.6 million Americans were sent on international short-term medical missions by more than 40,000 sending entities (churches, agencies, schools, etc.) at a cost of three billion dollars (Tazelaar, 2011). Many arguments about the utility and effectiveness of short-term medical missions exist in the literature. While professionals who take part in the trips do so to help others, without proper preparation and education on medical conditions and cultural needs there is a risk for causing more harm than good. Without training, volunteers will be psychologically and culturally unprepared to …