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2012

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Engineering Enhanced Piezoelectric Response In Ferroelectric Superlattices, John Sinsheimer Dec 2012

Engineering Enhanced Piezoelectric Response In Ferroelectric Superlattices, John Sinsheimer

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

The piezoelectric effect is a useful property of certain crystals where the application of pressure on a crystal produces a voltage, and conversely in the inverse piezoelectric effect, the size of the crystal changes with the application of voltage. Piezoelectricity is widely used in devices such as ultrasound machines and various sensors and actuators. This thesis presents the development of two artificially layered material systems with enhanced piezoresponse and techniques developed to accurately characterize functional properties. Large piezoelectric responses, such as those seen in PbZrxTi1-xO3 in the vicinity of the compositional morphotropic phase boundary, can …

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A Study Of The Extratropical Tropopause: Related To The Upper Tropospheric Relative Vorticity And The Distance From The Jet, Shu Meir Wang Dec 2012

A Study Of The Extratropical Tropopause: Related To The Upper Tropospheric Relative Vorticity And The Distance From The Jet, Shu Meir Wang

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

The extratropical tropopause is a familiar feature in meteorology; however, the understanding of the mechanisms for its existence, formation, maintenance and sharpness is still an active area of research. In order to examine the sharpness of the tropopause, Birner et al. (2002) proposed the concept of the TIL (Tropopause Inversion Layer), which is based upon the characteristics of the thermal profile. Bell and Geller (2008), believing that the resulting stability profile was more fundamental to dynamics and transport, defined the ESTL (Extratropical Stability Transition Layer) based on the stability characteristics. Wirth (2004) suggested that the cyclonic/anticyclonic asymmetry plays a large …

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An Ambient And Surfactant-Less Synthesis Of Segmented Palladium/Gold Multi-Functional Nanowires, Zhibo Tan Dec 2012

An Ambient And Surfactant-Less Synthesis Of Segmented Palladium/Gold Multi-Functional Nanowires, Zhibo Tan

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Segmented noble metal nanowires (NWs) represent an exciting, multifunctional one-dimensional structural architecture with a variety of potential applications. However, currently available methodologies for preparing these systems require either rigorous reaction conditions or expensive equipment. An example of such a conventional protocol is electrodeposition. These strict requirements have limited the potential for these systems to be produced on a large scale, since this protocol is costly and requires complex processes and caustic reaction media. Given the inherent limitations of such methodologies, we report for the first time an ambient, surfactantless template-based approach for the reliable production of Pd/Au segmented nanowires that …

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An Efficient Framework For High-Quality Low-Dose Ct Reconstruction And Reference-Based Image Restoration, Wei Xu Dec 2012

An Efficient Framework For High-Quality Low-Dose Ct Reconstruction And Reference-Based Image Restoration, Wei Xu

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

CT imaging procedures have been shown to considerably increase the medical radiation dose to patients, giving rise to cancer. As a result, low dose imaging modalities have gained much attention recently. However, this renders traditional CT reconstruction processes no longer sufficient. Iterative reconstruction algorithms using numerical optimization paradigms are better suited, but they suffer from (1) expensive computation, (2) problems with the selection of optimal parameters to simultaneously optimize speed and (3) poor reconstruction quality. To cope with these problems, we have made several contributions to low-dose CT. First, we have devised a GPU-accelerated ordered subset iterative CT reconstruction algorithm …

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Optimization Techniques For Memory Virtualization-Based Resource Management, Jui-Hao Chiang Dec 2012

Optimization Techniques For Memory Virtualization-Based Resource Management, Jui-Hao Chiang

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Memory virtualization abstracts the physical memory resources in a virtualized server in such a way that offers many resource management advantages, such as consolidation, sharing, compression and migration. The main goal of this dissertation project is to develop optimization techniques to resource management schemes based on memory virtualization. Although migration of virtual machine (VM) memory state is a standard feature of most modern hypervisors, migration of physical machine memory state is largely non-existent. We applied the standard VM migration technique to building the first known physical machine state migration system for Linux servers, which significantly increases the system management flexibility …

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Mercury, Polychlorinated Biphenyls, And Immune Response Indicators In The National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey (Nhanes), Carolyn Michele Gallagher Dec 2012

Mercury, Polychlorinated Biphenyls, And Immune Response Indicators In The National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey (Nhanes), Carolyn Michele Gallagher

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Autoimmune diseases are among the leading causes of death among young and middle-aged women, and prevalence is increasing; however, autoimmune etiology is poorly understood. The need to investigate relationships between environmental factors and human autoimmune responses has been prioritized by the World Health Organization and the National Institutes of Health (NIH), yet epidemiologic research is sparse. Mercury (Hg) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are ubiquitous and persistent environmental contaminants with early evidence of immunotoxic associations. Immunotoxic responses fall on a continuum, with the normal range of immune responses at the center, immunostimulation and autoimmunity at one end, and immunosuppression and infection …

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Synthesis Of A Potential Fret-Based Continuous Glucose Sensor Molecule, Steven Qizhi Gao Dec 2012

Synthesis Of A Potential Fret-Based Continuous Glucose Sensor Molecule, Steven Qizhi Gao

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

For decades, millions of people have been suffering from diabetes. Common methods to monitor blood glucose levels include the use of finger stick glucose meters and test strips. Finger prick to draw blood sample is required regularly and can be painful and annoying. Continuous blood glucose monitors (CGM) are commercially available however they still require calibration with a traditional blood glucose measurement and test results lag behind actual blood glucose values. The objective of this project is to develop an indicator molecule that can be potentially used for fluorescence-based continuous glucose sensors once inserted under skin. A scaffold structure was …

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Mapping O-Fucosylation And O-Glucosylation On Human Notch3 Epidermal Growth Factor-Like (Egf) Repeats Using Nano-Lc-Esi-Ms/Ms, Ga-Ram Hwang Dec 2012

Mapping O-Fucosylation And O-Glucosylation On Human Notch3 Epidermal Growth Factor-Like (Egf) Repeats Using Nano-Lc-Esi-Ms/Ms, Ga-Ram Hwang

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

The Notch protein is a transmembrane signaling protein responsible for regulating several important pathways among all metazoans including cell proliferation, differentiation, and death. Notch exists as one protein in Drosophila, but has four homologs in mice and humans (Notch1- 4). A defining component of the Notch protein is the presence of 29-36 tandem epidermal growth factor-like (EGF) repeats, small protein motifs defined by the presence of six cysteines forming three disulfide bonds. Defects in Notch have been linked to various diseases like Alagille syndrome and cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL). CADASIL is responsible for early …

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Regulation Of Dimerization And Activation Of The Thrombopoietin Receptor, Miki Itaya Dec 2012

Regulation Of Dimerization And Activation Of The Thrombopoietin Receptor, Miki Itaya

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

The thrombopoietin receptor (TpoR) is an indispensable receptor that regulates megakaryocytopoiesis and platelet formation in response to its ligand, thrombopoietin (Tpo). Mutations in TpoR result in an increased or decreased number of platelets, leading to various platelet disorders, such as essential thrombocythemia (ET) and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). Most of the clinically relevant mutations of TpoR are found in the transmembrane (TM) domain and juxtamembrane (JM) region of the receptor, suggesting that the TM-JM region may play a critical role in regulation of TpoR activity. However, the precise molecular mechanism by which this region affects the TpoR conformation and the resultant …

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Stereocontrolled Synthesis Of Bicyclo[4.2.0]Octadienes For Snf 4435 C And D Analogs, Bielschowskysin, And (+/-)-Kingianin A, Keunsoo Kim Dec 2012

Stereocontrolled Synthesis Of Bicyclo[4.2.0]Octadienes For Snf 4435 C And D Analogs, Bielschowskysin, And (+/-)-Kingianin A, Keunsoo Kim

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Despite a growing interest in biological activities of natural products that contain the bicyclo[4.2.0]octadiene ring system such as SNF 4435 C and SNF 4435 D, an asymmetric version of 8??, 6?? electrocyclization has remained unattained. While investigating (2E,4Z,6Z,8E)-tetraene substrates bearing amide- or oxazoline-based chiral auxiliaries, a rationally designed chiral 4,5-trans-diphenyl oxazoline auxiliary provided an impressive stereoselectivity (70 de%) in the 8?? ring closure. Confirmation of the major isomer from the diastereomeric bicyclooctadienes was determined based on X-ray structure analysis of a SNF analog bearing (S)-phenylglycinol moiety. This first example of chiral induction generated by the trans-4,5-diphenyl oxazoline auxiliary in 8?? …

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Quantitative Computational And Biophysical Investigation Of Multivalent Proteins, Vadim Patsalo Dec 2012

Quantitative Computational And Biophysical Investigation Of Multivalent Proteins, Vadim Patsalo

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

The valency of a biological molecule is the number of interactions that it is able to make with other molecules. Multivalency arises in proteins which oligomerize or contain tandem repeats, and commonly involves the binding of carbohydrates. Biological processes which rely on multivalency include surface interactions (e.g. virus-cell adhesion and cell-cell binding) or de-mixing phenomena. The energetics of multivalent interactions can be significantly enhanced relative to their monovalent counterparts, and numerous multivalent inhibitors of viral infection have been identified. In this dissertation, we present computational and biophysical investigations of several multivalent proteins related to human viral pathogens. The bivalent lectin …

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The Impact Of Diabatic Heating On Jet Variability And Shift, Xiaoming Xia Dec 2012

The Impact Of Diabatic Heating On Jet Variability And Shift, Xiaoming Xia

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

The IPCC-AR4 simulations project a robust poleward shift and slight strengthening of the mid-latitude jet and storm track in the Southern Hemisphere under global warming. In order to find out why the jet and storm track respond in this way, three important studies have been performed, as follows: 1) The quality of IPCC-AR4 climate simulations has been investigated by comparing model simulations with atmospheric reanalyses in terms of not only the mean flow but also storm track variations. Reanalyses data are separated into two time periods: before and after satellite, with the after-satellite NCEP reanalysis used as the reference. The …

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Human Disturbance And Birds Of The Northeast: What Makes Some Species Decline, While Others Are Just Fine?, Leone Marion Brown Dec 2012

Human Disturbance And Birds Of The Northeast: What Makes Some Species Decline, While Others Are Just Fine?, Leone Marion Brown

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Mounting evidence reveals the negative impacts of human activities on wildlife populations. However, studies investigating species' responses to human disturbance often rely on patterns of species' richness or abundance, and may not reflect underlying demographic processes. Is there evidence across geographic regions that humans are causing marked changes in species' survival, reproduction, and population growth? Do species' traits influence vulnerability? Can existing theories of ecology serve to predict or explain observable responses to human disturbance? I examined evidence of effects of human disturbance on populations of 24 breeding bird species across the northeastern United States. Based on reported literature and …

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Inhibition Of Mammalian T Cells By Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhimurium, Amy Laura Kullas Dec 2012

Inhibition Of Mammalian T Cells By Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhimurium, Amy Laura Kullas

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Bacterial pathogens must avoid clearance by the immune system to establish infection, yet many processes of bacterial immune subversion remain undefined. T cells are a key component of the mammalian immune system and are required for protective immunity against many bacterial pathogens. Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium avoid clearance by the host immune system by suppressing T cell responses, yet the mechanisms mediating this immunosuppression are still unknown. We show that S. Typhimurium inhibit T cell responses by producing L-asparaginase II, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of L-asparagine to aspartic acid and ammonia. L-asparaginase II is necessary and sufficient to suppress T …

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How Does Climate Influence Speciation: Theoretical And Empirical Perspectives, Xia Hua Dec 2012

How Does Climate Influence Speciation: Theoretical And Empirical Perspectives, Xia Hua

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Many people are now familiar with the idea that climate change can cause extinction. Here, I show how climate change may also lead to the origin of new species. I explore two major aspects of how climate influences speciation. First, variation in climatic conditions over space and time can be a direct driver of speciation, via two mechanisms. Climate may drive allopatric speciation when a geographic barrier that consists of suboptimal climatic conditions for a species divides the species range and climatic niche conservatism of the species limits its adaptation to the climatic conditions, preventing gene flow between the two …

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Rearranging Library Collections: A New App, Norman D. Stevens Dec 2012

Rearranging Library Collections: A New App, Norman D. Stevens

Published Works

No abstract provided.

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Exploring The Benefits Of A Parent Partner Mentoring Program In Child Welfare, Robin Leake, Laricia Longworth-Reed, Natalie Williams, Cathryn Potter Dec 2012

Exploring The Benefits Of A Parent Partner Mentoring Program In Child Welfare, Robin Leake, Laricia Longworth-Reed, Natalie Williams, Cathryn Potter

Journal of Family Strengths

Parent partner mentoring programs are an innovative strategy for child welfare agencies to engage families in case planning and service delivery. These programs recruit and train parents who have been involved in the system and have successfully resolved identified child abuse or neglect issues to work with families with current open cases in the child welfare system. Parent partner mentors can provide social and emotional support, advocacy, and practical advice for navigating this challenging system. Insofar as parent partners share similar experiences, and cultural and socioeconomic characteristics of families, they may be more successful in engaging families and building trusting …

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How Many Students Have Graduated From St. Norbert College?, Marybeth Earle Davich Ascher '71 Dec 2012

How Many Students Have Graduated From St. Norbert College?, Marybeth Earle Davich Ascher '71

Ask the Abbot

Abbot Pennings answers a question about graduating students, archived from the SNC website.

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Trust And The Demand For Personal Collateral In Sme - Bank Relationships, Andrea Moro, Mike R. Lucas, Devendra Kodwani Dec 2012

Trust And The Demand For Personal Collateral In Sme - Bank Relationships, Andrea Moro, Mike R. Lucas, Devendra Kodwani

The Journal of Entrepreneurial Finance

Previous research on relationship lending has paid very little attention to the role of trust. Trust might be ex-pected to reduce agency costs, perceived credit risk and thus the request for personal collateral. Trustworthiness is associated with three attributes of SME owner/managers’: ability, benevolence and integrity. We hypothe-sised that loan managers’ assessment of the trustworthiness of owner/managers is negatively associated with the personal collateral demanded by banks. Using the quantitative and qualitative data about 457 SMEs-bank rela-tionships in North East Italy, we tested this hypothesis. The results show that trust has a minor role in reducing the request of collateral.

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Call For Articles Dec 2012

Call For Articles

Sci-Tech News

No abstract provided.

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Innovative Resources For Teaching Professional Ethics, Susan R. Madsen, C. S. Wong Dec 2012

Innovative Resources For Teaching Professional Ethics, Susan R. Madsen, C. S. Wong

Marketing and Strategy Faculty Publications

With the fairly recent and highly publicized breaches of ethics among members of the business community, there is a need to re-examine specific strategies employed in all kinds of organizations. Many business faculty members are comfortable teaching ethics in the classroom, but are we (as scholars and educators) appropriately challenging our own ethical practices? To assist in raising awareness of ethical concerns within the AAOM, we believe it is important to focus discussions on challenging our own ethics, particularly as faculty members in our various roles. Although there are professional ethical codes, there have been few venues for dialogue. This …

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Structural And Message Based Private Friend Recommendation, Bharath K. Samanthula, Wei Jiang Dec 2012

Structural And Message Based Private Friend Recommendation, Bharath K. Samanthula, Wei Jiang

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

The emerging growth of online social networks have opened new doors for various business applications such as promoting a new product across its customers. Besides this, friend recommendation is an important tool for recommending potential candidates as friends to users in order to enhance the development of the entire network structure. Existing friend recommendation methods utilize social network structure and/or user profile information. However, these techniques can no longer be applicable if the privacy of users is taken into consideration. in this paper, we propose a two-phase private friend recommendation protocol for recommending friends to a given target user based …

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Query Plan Execution In A Heterogeneous Stream Management System For Situational Awareness, Indrakshi Ray, Sanjay K. Madria, Mark Linderman Dec 2012

Query Plan Execution In A Heterogeneous Stream Management System For Situational Awareness, Indrakshi Ray, Sanjay K. Madria, Mark Linderman

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Battlefield monitoring involves collecting streaming data from different sources, transmitting the data over a heterogeneous network, and processing queries in real-time in order to respond to events in a timely manner. Nodes in these networks differ with respect to their processing, storage and communication capabilities. Links in the network differ with respect to their communication bandwidth. the topology of the network itself is subject to change, as the nodes and links may become unavailable. Continuous queries executed in such environments must also meet some quality of service (QoS) requirements, such as, response time, throughput, and memory usage. We propose that …

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Exploring Compile Time Caching Of Explicit Queries In Programming Codes, Venkata Krishna Suhas Nerella, Sanjay Madria, Thomas Weigert Dec 2012

Exploring Compile Time Caching Of Explicit Queries In Programming Codes, Venkata Krishna Suhas Nerella, Sanjay Madria, Thomas Weigert

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Object oriented programming languages raised the level of abstraction by incorporating first class query constructs explicitly in the program codes. These query constructs allow programmers to express operations over collections as object queries and also provide optimal query execution utilizing query optimization strategies from domain of databases. However, when a query is repeated in the program, it is executed afresh. This paper presents an approach to reduce the run time execution of programs involving explicit queries by caching the results of repeated queries and incrementally maintaining the cached results. We propose determination of cache entries at compile time by performing …

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December 2012 Vol. 3 No. 12, Near Westside Initiative Dec 2012

December 2012 Vol. 3 No. 12, Near Westside Initiative

Newsletters from Near Westside Initiative

No abstract provided.

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Front Matter And Table Of Contents (V.79) Dec 2012

Front Matter And Table Of Contents (V.79)

Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature

No abstract provided.

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Paroles, Simone Schwarz-Bart Dec 2012

Paroles, Simone Schwarz-Bart

Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature

No abstract provided.

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André Schwarz-Bart Et La Ville De Metz : Mai 1928-Avril 1940, Jean Daltroff Dec 2012

André Schwarz-Bart Et La Ville De Metz : Mai 1928-Avril 1940, Jean Daltroff

Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature

No abstract provided.

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Le Projet Judéo-Noir D’André Schwarz-Bart : Saga Réversible, Francine Kaufmann Dec 2012

Le Projet Judéo-Noir D’André Schwarz-Bart : Saga Réversible, Francine Kaufmann

Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature

André Schwarz-Bart’s literary call was born from his will to immortalize in writing the memory of the culture of his Jewish ancestors which was eradicated from the map of Europe during the Shoa. A pioneer of the “memory work” with The Last of the Justs, a novel awarded the Goncourt in 1959, he invented the genre of the “identity saga” whose heroes gather within themselves the centuriesold experience of their people. A similar ambition guided him while he composed a cycle – that remained mostly unpublished – about Black slavery and the culture issued from it: A Woman Named Solitude.

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Le Marranisme Absolu Dans L’Oeuvre D’André Et De Simone Schwarz-Bart, Kathleen Gyssels Dec 2012

Le Marranisme Absolu Dans L’Oeuvre D’André Et De Simone Schwarz-Bart, Kathleen Gyssels

Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature

This article studies in what forms the magical-religious dimension is expressed in the fiction works of the Schwarz-Bart couple in order to assess the function given by the authors to the manifestations of the “divine” therein. The frontier between belief and miscreancy is particularly flexible in each of the novels – whether written jointly or separately – by André and / or Simone Schwarz-Bart. Indeed, co-signed or not, the identity quest cannot be dissociated from the religious one: a quest of the meaning of suffering, of a balm that remedies the agonies and compensates for the traumas endured by two …

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