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Cancer And Common Mental Disorders In The Community: Results Of The Israel-World Mental Health Survey, Ora Nakash, Anat Shemesh, Maayan Nagar, Itzhak Levav

School for Social Work: Faculty Publications

Background and Objectives: To study common mental disorders (CMD) and other mental health-related variables among community residents with active cancer, cancer survivors and cancer-free respondents. Methods: Data were extracted from the Israeli component of the 28-country World Mental Health Survey. The sample included 165 respondents who reported ever having cancer and 2,282 cancer-free respondents, all aged 39 years and older. The WHO/Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) was used to determine the prevalence rate of CMD. Emotional distress (ED) was ascertained with the GHQ-12. Also, respondents were asked about sleep disturbances and mental health service utilization. Results: Respondents with active cancer …

Continual Passage Of Staphylococcus Epidermidis In Subinhibitory Levels Of The Biocide Triclosan Results In A Marked Increase In The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration, Antibiotic Resistance, And Ethidium Bromide Resistance, William T. Moore

Master's Theses or Doctor of Nursing Practice

Triclosan is a multi-purpose biocide that is used in many personal care products, including antibacterial hand soaps and toothpastes. The wide usage of triclosan fosters its dispersal into the enviro11l11ent, which might contribute to the ability of microorganisms to become resistant to triclosan in addition to certain other biocides and clinical antibiotics. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether long-term exposure of two strains of Staphylococcal epide]'midis to subinhibitory concentrations of triclosan would select for resistant mutants, and whether their ability to form polysaccharide biofilms lends to this resistance. This study also aimed to determine whether a mutation …

Health Parameters Across The Lifespan Among The Ache Of Paraguay, John D. Wagner

Anthropology ETDs

This work provides an integrative approach for assessing population health among a group of indigenous South American forager-farmers, the northern Aché of eastern Paraguay. The Aché were full-time hunting and gathering nomads up until the time of first peaceful contact in the early 1970s when they experienced a devastating virgin-soil population epidemic that killed approximately 40% of the population, where all age and sex groups were affected more or less equally with the exception of a higher survival rate among reproductive-aged women. The Aché are now settled on several reservations and have fully recovered their population numbers. The Aché have …

Impression Management And Psychological Reactions Of Living Kidney Donors, Lee Hildebrand

Dissertations (1934 -)

This report describes the findings of a mixed-methods study that examined the psychological reactions and use of impression management by individuals who had donated a kidney. It focused on the use of impression management and concealing information during the pre-donation psychological evaluation that is conducted to help determine the donor’s appropriateness for a donation, and the psychological reactions of living kidney donors post donation. A search of the literature found no study that has empirically investigated the prevalence of impression management and concealing information by living kidney donors during their pre-donation psychosocial evaluations. The mixed methods design utilized both a …

Unintentional, Paediatric Domestic Injury In A Semi Rural Area Of Karachi., Emaduddin Siddiqui, Kiran Ejaz, Uzma Siddiqui

Department of Emergency Medicine

OBJECTIVE:

To identify the characteristics of unintentional domestic injury in children living in a semi-rural area of Karachi.

METHODS:

This retrospective descriptive study was carried out at a private hospital located at the northern outskirts of Karachi, Pakistan, from January 2005 to January 2007. We enrolled 271 out-patient children of either gender with a positive injury history. A questionnaire inquiring socio-demographic characteristics, timing of injury, monthly variation, injury pattern and factors was filled out. Descriptive analysis and Chi-square test were applied to find out the statistically significant differences.

RESULTS:

Among the 271 patients, the male-to-female ratio was 1.2:1. Fall from …

Community Acquired Klebsiella Pneumoniae, K1 Serotype. Invasive Liver Abscess With Bacteremia And Endophthalmitis, Mushira A. Enani, Noura A. El-Khizzi

Saudi Medical Journal

A community-acquired syndrome of cryptogenic invasive Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) liver abscess (CIKPLA) has been emerging worldwide over the past 3 decades, particularly in Taiwan and Korea. It is caused by highly virulent hypermucoviscous, rmpA positive K. pneumoniae serotype K1. This condition occurs in predominantly diabetic persons with no underlying hepatobiliary disease. Metastatic infections of the brain, meninges, lungs, pleura, bones, soft tissues, and eyes are unique features of this syndrome. We report a laboratory-confirmed regulator of mucoid phenotype (rmp)A-positive, K1 serotype K. pneumoniae from Saudi Arabia in 2 diabetic native Saudis presenting with community acquired, invasive liver abscess complicated …

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns Of Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas Aeruginosa And Acinetobacter Baumannii Against Carbapenems, Colistin, And Tigecycline, Ali M. Somily, Muhammad M. Absar, Muhammad Z. Arshad, Zahid A. Shakoor, Amal J. Fatani, Yunus M. Siddiqui, Thomas S. Murray

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To examine susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) and Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii ) against carbapenems along with colistin and tigecycline as alternative therapeutic options. METHODS: A total of 117 strains of multidrug-resistant (MDR) non-fermenting Gram negative bacteria isolated from non-duplicate samples were collected consecutively. We included one sample from each patient (84 isolates of A. baumannii and 33 isolates of P. aeruginosa isolated from patients seen at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from June to December 2010). Isolates were identified by the MicroScan WalkAway 96 Plus system. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by E-test …

2012/2013 University Of The Pacific Arthur A. Dugoni School Of Dentistry Catalog, University Of The Pacific

Catalogue, Bulletin, Catalog

No abstract provided.

Herding Immunity: Can U.S. Public Health Fight Off Disease Using Canada's Voluntary Vaccination System?, Tara Sheoran

Cardozo Journal of International and Comparative Law

The note advocates for the adoption of uniform federal vaccination laws in the United States, allowing only medical exemptions, to effectively protect public health. It references the Jacobson v. Massachusetts case, which upheld states' authority to mandate vaccinations, and contrasts the U.S. system with Canada's voluntary approach. The author argues that cultural differences in the U.S. make a voluntary system infeasible and emphasizes the need to balance individual rights with collective safety to prevent disease resurgence and maintain herd immunity.

Aku-Nama : Summer 2012, Volume 5, Issue 1, Aga Khan University Alumni Association

The Aga Khan University Newsletter and Magazine for Alumni (AKU-NAMA)

No abstract provided.

Wing Shape As An Indicator Of Larval Rearing Conditions For Aedes Albopictus And Aedes Aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae), C R. Stephens, Steven A. Juliano

Faculty Publications – Biological Sciences

Estimating a mosquito's vector competence, or likelihood of transmitting disease, if it takes an infectious bloodmeal, is an important aspect of predicting when and where outbreaks of infectious diseases will occur. Vector competence can be affected by rearing temperature and inter- and intraspecific competition experienced by the individual mosquito during its larval development. This research investigates whether a new morphological indicator of larval rearing conditions, wing shape, can be used to distinguish reliably temperature and competitive conditions experienced during larval stages. Aedes albopictus (Skuse) and Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae) larvae were reared in low intraspecific, high intraspecific, or high …

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia In A Child With Fanconi’S Anemia, Naureen Mushtaq, Rabia Wali, Zehra Fadoo, Ali Faisal Saleem

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

No abstract provided.

The Nutritional Status Of Patients With Clostridium Difficile Associeated Disease And Dietetic Practices Concerning The Management Of These Patients, Yvonne Hickey

Masters

Background: Clostridium difficile is a leading cause of noscomial infection and is responsible for increased morbidity and mortality (Hookman & Barkin, 2009). There are limited data available on the nutritional status and dietetic management of these patients. Aims: 1. To carry out an observational study to assess the prevalence of the risk of malnutrition in patients with Clostridium difficile associated disease (CDAD) and compare it to a group of patients in the same hospital. 2. To investigate dietitians’ beliefs and recommendations of probiotics in CDAD and determine the probiotic products and strains being used in this patient group. To assess …

A Cup Is A Corpse: A Thesis Project Implementing An Experimental Approach To Visual Communication And Advocating The Concept Of Slow Design, Yu Fen Kung

Theses

Based on the dissection of the phenomenon of coffee culture and the introspection of the negative environmental impact from the overwhelming usage of paper coffee cups, this thesis explores a design approach to advocate the paper coffee cup issue in an educational and experimental way. A Cup Is A Corpse is a thesis that defines the possibilities between environmental topic and design resolution. It is an advertising campaign targeted on local coffee shops, providing fundamental knowledge of the paper coffee cup matter to regular consumers. A slow design approach is applied to the final design application for the reason of …

Rocky Mountain Refuge: Constructing "Colorado" In Science Fiction, Carl Abbott

Urban Studies and Planning Faculty Publications and Presentations

Colorado has long functioned in American culture as the epitome of the American West, identified both as a safe refuge and as a place for starting over. This essay examines the ways in which writers of speculative fiction have drawn on Colorado's historically constructed identity as the setting for stories of refuge and retreat. The discussion examines parallels in the use of the Colorado setting by sf writers Robert A. Heinlein, Philip K. Dick, Walter M. Miller, Jr., Leigh Brackett, and Ursula K. LeGuin, by political novelist Ayn Rand, and by mainstream thriller writers Stephen King and Justin Cronin. The …

2011-2012 Department Of Internal Medicine Scholarly Activity Report, Quillen College Of Medicine, East Tennessee State University

Quillen College of Medicine Scholarly Activity Reports

No abstract provided.

2011-2012 Department Of Biomedical Sciences Scholarly Activity Report, Quillen College Of Medicine, East Tennessee State University

Quillen College of Medicine Scholarly Activity Reports

No abstract provided.

2011-2012 Department Of Family Medicine Scholarly Activity Report, Quillen College Of Medicine, East Tennessee State University

Quillen College of Medicine Scholarly Activity Reports

No abstract provided.

An Actor-Based Model Of Social Network Influence On Adolescent Body Size, Screen Time, And Playing Sports, David A. Shoham, Liping Tong, Peter J. Lamberson, Amy H. Auchincloss, Jun Zhang, Lara Dugas, Jay S. Kaufman, Richard S. Cooper, Amy Luke

Faculty Publications

Recent studies suggest that obesity may be "contagious" between individuals in social networks. Social contagion (influence), however, may not be identifiable using traditional statistical approaches because they cannot distinguish contagion from homophily (the propensity for individuals to select friends who are similar to themselves) or from shared environmental influences. In this paper, we apply the stochastic actor-based model (SABM) framework developed by Snijders and colleagues to data on adolescent body mass index (BMI), screen time, and playing active sports. Our primary hypothesis was that social influences on adolescent body size and related behaviors are independent of friend selection. Employing the …

Prevalence Of Streptococci And Increased Polymicrobial Diversity Associated With Cystic Fibrosis Patient Stability, L. M. Filkins, T. H. Hampton, A. H. Gifford, M. J. Gross, D. A. Hogan, M. L. Sogin, H. G. Morrison, B. J. Paster, G. A. O'Toole

Dartmouth Scholarship

Diverse microbial communities chronically colonize the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients. Pyrosequencing of amplicons for hypervariable regions in the 16S rRNA gene generated taxonomic profiles of bacterial communities for sputum genomic DNA samples from 22 patients during a state of clinical stability (outpatients) and 13 patients during acute exacerbation (inpatients). We employed quantitative PCR (qPCR) to confirm the detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus by the pyrosequencing data and human oral microbe identification microarray (HOMIM) analysis to determine the species of the streptococci identified by pyrosequencing. We show that outpatient sputum samples have significantly higher bacterial diversity than inpatients, but …

Il-4 Engagement Of The Type 1 Il-4 Receptor Complex Enhances Mouse Eosinophil Migration To Eotaxin-1 In Vitro, Nicola M. Heller, William M. Gwinn, Raymond P. Donnelly, Stephanie L. Constant, Achsah D. Keegan

Microbiology, Immunology, and Tropical Medicine Faculty Publications

Background

Previous work from our laboratory demonstrated that IL-4Rα expression on a myeloid cell type was responsible for enhancement of Th2-driven eosinophilic inflammation in a mouse model of allergic lung inflammation. Subsequently, we have shown that IL-4 signaling through type I IL-4 receptors on monocytes/macrophages strongly induced activation of the IRS-2 pathway and a subset of genes characteristic of alternatively activated macrophages. The direct effect(s) of IL-4 and IL-13 on mouse eosinophils are not clear. The goal of this study was determine the effect of IL-4 and IL-13 on mouse eosinophil function.

Methods

Standard Transwell chemotaxis assay was used to …

The Alestle - Vol. 64 No. 38 - 06/27/2012, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville

The Alestle

Vol. 64 No. 38

Caehnorhabditis Elegans: A Low-Cost In Vivo Animal Model For Efficacy Studies Of Novel Antibiotics, Rylee Ann Gregory

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

Since the 1940s, antibiotics have greatly reduced the adverse effects of infectious diseases caused by microbes. However, due to excessive, and often incorrect, use of known antibiotics, many organisms have adapted antibiotic resistance. Currently, over 70% of known infectious bacteria are resistant to at least one antibiotic. In the U.S. , 90,000 deaths occur each year due to infection by bacteria resistant to antibiotics. This number has increased by nearly 75,000 in the last 20 years. It is necessary, therefore, to continue developing new antibiotics in an effort to keep up with increasing antibiotic resistance. Traditional in vitro and whole …

Dr. Ching-Hua Wang Named New Hns Dean, Sarah Gardner, Dave Albee

Press Releases

Dr. Wang succeeds Dr. Martha Nelson, who recently was named the University’s Associate Vice President for Academic Affairs, a position previously held by Dr. Sherry Volk. Dr. Volk retired in December 2011 after 43 years of service to Dominican

Determinan Asupan Makanan Usia Lanjut, Yuli Amran, Riastuti Kusumawardani, Nita Supriyatiningsih

Kesmas

Berdasarkan data Kementerian Sosial, jumlah usia lanjut (usila) di Indonesia tahun 2004 tercatat 16.522.311 jiwa dan 3.092.910 jiwa atau sekitar 20% adalah usila terlantar. Nutrisi yang kurang pada usila berdampak pada kesehatan sehingga relatif mudah terjangkit penyakit infeksi dan gangguan zat gizi. Selain itu, asupan makanan berhubungan dengan depresi, jumlah gigi, gangguan gigi, penggunaan obat, penyakit, dukungan sosial seperti kunjungan keluarga atau orang terdekat, dan rasa makanan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui berbagai faktor yang berhubungan dengan asupan makanan pada usila. Penelitian menggunakan desain studi cross sectional dilakukan terhadap 58 orang usila di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Budi Mulia 01 …

Genome Plasticity And Systems Evolution In Streptomyces, Zhan Zhou, Jianying Gu, Yong-Quan Li, Yufeng Wang

Publications and Research

Background Streptomycetes are filamentous soil-dwelling bacteria. They are best known as the producers of a great variety of natural products such as antibiotics, antifungals, antiparasitics, and anticancer agents and the decomposers of organic substances for carbon recycling. They are also model organisms for the studies of gene regulatory networks, morphological differentiation, and stress response. The availability of sets of genomes from closely related Streptomyces strains makes it possible to assess the mechanisms underlying genome plasticity and systems adaptation. Results We present the results of a comprehensive analysis of the genomes of five Streptomyces species with distinct phenotypes. These streptomycetes have …

Awareness And Interest In Intrauterine Contraceptive Device Use Among Hiv-Positive Women In Cape Town, South Africa, Catherine S. Todd, Heidi E. Jones, Tracy C. Garber, Hoviyeh Afnan-Holmes, Helen Woolgar, Linda-Gail Bekker, Landon Myer

Publications and Research

Objective. To assess awareness of and interest in intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) use among HIV-positive women in Cape Town, South Africa. Design. Cross-sectional survey. Methods. HIV-positive women aged 18 through 45 years presenting for care at a primary health care clinic in Cape Town, South Africa participated in this study. Consented participants completed a staff-administered questionnaire in a private setting. Descriptive statistics were generated. Comparisons between demographic and reproductive health-related variables and IUCD awareness and interest were performed with multiple logistic regression. Analyses for IUCD interest excluded women with prior surgical sterilization. Results. Of 277 HIV-positive women, 37% were aware …

Food Deserts And Their Association With Obesity And Diabetes In Ohio, Alexis Holmes, Detra Thompson

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Objective- The purpose of this study was to explore the association of food access, and availability, on prevalence of diabetes and obesity in Ohio census tracts designated as food deserts.

Methods- County and census tract-level data were combined from the USDA Food Environment Atlas and USDA Food Desert Locator respectively. Statistical analysis was conducted using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Non-normally distributed variables were assessed using the Mann-Whitney nonparametric U-test and Spearman’s correlation coefficient. Significance was considered at the p

Results- The mean rate of obesity and diabetes in Ohio in food deserts are 29.5% and 10.7%, when …

Human Papillomavirus Among Gay And Bisexual Men: The Need For Education And Vaccination 2012, Anne Fernandez, Elsa Larson

Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender Queer Center

In the United States, rates of anal cancer among MSM are higher than rates of cervical cancer among women. This presentation has a Ms Power point and PDF.

Visualizing Spatiotemporal Dynamics Of Apoptosis After G1 Arrest By Human T Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Tax And Insights Into Gene Expression Changes Using Microarray-Based Gene Expression Analysis., Mariluz Araínga, Hironobu Murakami, Yoko Aida

Journal Articles: Pharmacology & Experimental Neuroscience

BACKGROUND: Human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) Tax is a potent activator of viral and cellular gene expression that interacts with a number of cellular proteins. Many reports show that Tax is capable of regulating cell cycle progression and apoptosis both positively and negatively. However, it still remains to understand why the Tax oncoprotein induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, or whether Tax-induced apoptosis is dependent upon its ability to induce G1 arrest. The present study used time-lapse imaging to explore the spatiotemporal patterns of cell cycle dynamics in Tax-expressing HeLa cells containing the fluorescent ubiquitination-based cell cycle …