Digital Commons Network^™

Bovine Tuberculosis In The Middle East And North Africa: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis On Prevalence And Mycobacterium Bovis Clonal Complexes, Tsegaye Shamebo, Aboma Zewude, Temesgen Mohammed, Nabeeha Abdelgaleel Hassan, Mohammed Saleh Albreiki, Yassir Mohammed Eltahir, Atef Oreiby, Robert Barigye, Markos Tibbo, Ali Artaman, Gobena Ameni

All Works

Introduction – Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is endemic in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region causing major threat to dairy production and milk consumers. This paper presents a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of bTB prevalence and Mycobacterium bovis clonal complexes in the MENA region based on studies published between 2000 and 2025. Methods – A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and relevant regional databases. Thirty-eight studies met the criteria and included in the meta-analysis. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to estimate pooled prevalence. Additional analyses were done on sensitivity, meta-regression, and publication …

Vector-Borne Viral Diseases In Horses, Sunutcha Suntrarachun

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Vector-borne viral diseases are major threats to equine health worldwide. These infections are transmitted by arthropod vectors such as mosquitoes, biting midges, and horseflies, resulting in clinical manifestations ranging from mild febrile illness to severe neurological, respiratory, circulatory, or hematologic disorders with high mortality rates. Major equine vector-borne viral diseases include African horse sickness (AHS), equine infectious anemia (EIA), equine encephalomyelitis (Eastern: EEE, Western: WEE, and Venezuelan: VEE), West Nile virus (WNV), and Japanese encephalitis (JE). Each disease is caused by a distinct viral pathogen and transmitted by specific vectors that influence their epidemiology and geographic distribution. Transmission occurs through …

Infection By Entamoeba Histolytica Among Children Attending Maysan Pediatric And Maternity Hospital In Amarah City, Ali Idan Al-Musaedi, Ahmed Hussain Rahim

Hilla University College Journal For Medical Science

Background: Most parasites impose some level of damage to their hosts. Factors such as the number of parasites, the site of infection, the size and mobility of the parasite, along with the host's physiological condition and whether it serves as an intermediate or final host, affect the severity of infections in both humans and animals.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica infection in children under the influence of some risk factors.

Materials and Methods: A total of 1213 stool samples were collected from children attending Maysan Pediatric and Maternity Hospital in Amarah City, Maysan Governorate, southern Iraq. Microscopy …

Antibiotic Resistance And Sensitivity Patterns In Pneumonia Pathogens: A Comprehensive Study Of Bacterial Isolates And Their Implications For Treatment In Diyala Province, Anfal Abd_Ulmunem Rasheed, Anfal Shakir Motib, Rafid Abdul-Mahdi Hasani

Hilla University College Journal For Medical Science

Background: Pneumonia is an inflammatory process affecting the airways and lung parenchyma, characterized by alveolar inflammation that leads to infiltration and consolidation of the lungs and disruption of gas exchange, which may result in respiratory distress.

Objectives: This study aims to identify the bacterial species that cause pneumonia and to determine their antibiotic resistance patterns.

Methods: This cross-sectional observational study assessed antibiotic resistance among patients with pneumonia in Diyala Province. Patients were identified from hospital and laboratory records over a four-month period (December 1st, 2024 - March 29th, 2025), yielding 100 patients, comprising 55 males and 45 females.

Results: The …

Molecular Detection Of Virulence Genes And Antibiotic Resistance In Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli: Focus On Babylon Province, Iraq, Lara Hashem Abdzaid, Tiba Habeeb Saifi, Jwan Ahmed Ali, Layth Jasim Mohammed, Isaac Karimi

Hilla University College Journal For Medical Science

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) affect individuals of all ages, with uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) being their primary causative agent. The accumulation rate of antimicrobial resistance poses a major public health challenge, underscoring the need for genetic monitoring of resistant strains.

Objectives: This study aimed to find virulence genes and antibiotic resistance in UPEC.

Materials and Methods: 110 patients, including 65 females and 45 males, aged 15 to 40 years, were screened for UPEC at Al-Hilla city between January and March 2025. Urine samples were collected to identify E. coli and to analyze associated virulence factors.

Results: Biochemical tests confirmed …

Quality Improvement Project: Implementation Of The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Modified For Teens, Hedy Gerber, Leah Buchko, Jennifer Van Winkle

All Faculty and Staff Scholarship

Background: Adolescent depression is a prevalent and significant public health concern, strongly linked to increased suicidality, poor health outcomes, impaired psychosocial functioning, and substantial societal costs. Although measurement‑based care using validated screening instruments is recommended by clinical practice guidelines, routine use of standardized depression screening tools remains limited in mental health settings.

Objective: The purpose of this quality improvement project was to assess the impact of implementing the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 modified for teens (PHQ-9M) in depression screening rates among adolescents aged 11-17 years at an outpatient mental health clinic in Southern Colorado.

Methods: A quantitative, quasi‑experimental pre- and post-intervention …

Air Pollution And Public Health: Global Evidence And Implications, Mohammed Obaid Al-Mansoori

Al-Bahir

Globally, the issue of air pollution keep being one of most serious challenges that affecting environment and human health, coming from emissions of industries, transport, agriculture and also from the fuel people use in homes, in addition to natural events that make the situation worse. This review try to bring together the available evidences about the sources, types, and the health impacts of the main air pollutants, including the gaseous ones like SO₂, O₃, NO₂, and CO, and the particulate matter (PM₁₀, PM₂.₅). Exposure for short or long time to these pollutants is linked with many harmful outcomes, such as …

Social Media And Health Information Sharing In Nigeria: Trends In Weight Loss And Cosmetic Procedures, Victoria Ochanya Agbo

Student Theses and Dissertations

This study examines the role of social media in facilitating (mis)information on weight loss and cosmetic surgeries in Nigeria. Utilizing the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM), the study examines information shared by influencers, audience engagements with such messages, and the factors influencing audience receptivity of the messages. Using a qualitative design, a thematic analysis was conducted on influencer posts and audience responses to such posts across major social media platforms. The findings show that influencers frequently framed cosmetic surgery and weight loss as aspirational lifestyle choices and downplayed the medical risks using means such as testimonials, visual transformations, and authenticity cues. …

Assessing Rural Homelessness: A Mixed-Methods Case Study, Matthew J. Lyons

Faculty Articles

Rural homelessness represents a significant public health and human rights challenge, but research on homelessness in the United States has predominantly focused on urban settings. This case study describes a mixed-methods assessment of the prevalence, causes, and consequences of homelessness in a rural county. Through both surveys and interviews with stakeholders from multiple sectors (including both service providers and those experiencing homelessness), we built a rich picture of the scale and experiential dimensions of homelessness within the county. Here, we present our research methods, the main findings of each primary data collection arm, and the actionable conclusions drawn from the …

Re-Entering Public Schools Kindergarten Through 12th Grade After The Pandemic: Perceptions Of General Educators On Teaching Students With Emotional And Behavioral Disorders In Inclusionary Classrooms, Angela Larrison

Student Theses and Dissertations

The COVID-19 pandemic affected the mental health of students and teachers and caused a need for social-emotional learning to be addressed upon re-entry to Kindergarten through 12th grade public schools. Students with social and emotional behavioral disorders have experienced dismal outcomes as they are one to two years behind their peers academically and more likely to receive out-of-school suspensions, expulsions, or placement in alternative learning programs. Students with disabilities showed a loss of progress both academically and behaviorally upon re-entry of school following the COVID-19 pandemic. The problem to be addressed in this study was what effects re-entering public schools …

Contribution Of Animals To Biomedical Advancements In The Current Era: A Narrative Review, Leena Rajathy Port Louis, Mani Rajarathinam, Prithiviraj Nagarajan, Divya Sekar, Nisha Perumal

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Animal research has played a major role in the development of vaccinations and therapies for illnesses such as tetanus, polio, meningitis, hepatitis, and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. For every prescription drug available today, animal testing and research have contributed immensely. This narrative review aims to explore the contribution of animals to biomedical advancements in the current era, which involved a search of peer-reviewed literature using electronic databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed. In current biomedical research, animals help develop new treatments for long-term illnesses such as cancer, HIV, and Alzheimer’s. Animals also aid in the …

Philosophical Meditations On The Covid-19 Pandemic: What Have We Learned So Far?, Gregory Fernando Pappas

Dewey Studies

No abstract provided.

Racial Justice And The Image Of Public Health, Marilyn Fischer

Dewey Studies

No abstract provided.

Looking For Grace, Kyle A. Greenwalt

Dewey Studies

No abstract provided.

A Modular Saponin Adjuvant Platform: Development, Structure–Activity Relationships, And Applications, Di Bai

ETDs from 2020-2029

ABSTRACT Saponin-based vaccine adjuvants have attracted considerable attention owing to the clinical success of QS-21, a potent immunostimulant capable of inducing balanced humoral and cellular immune responses, yet its widespread application is limited by supply constraints, chemical instability, and dose-dependent toxicity. To address these challenges, we previously developed two semisynthetic saponin adjuvants, VSA-1 and VSA-2, derived from abundant Momordica saponins through a single-step modification, which exhibit QS-21–comparable immunopotentiating activity with improved accessibility and stability. Here, we first performed a systematic structure–activity relationship (SAR) study of the VSA series using MS I as the lead scaffold. Modulation of the side-chain length …

Retinoic Acid-Loaded Nanoparticles Enhance Macrophage-Mediated Control Of Leishmania Infantum, Zeynep İşlek, Merve Gündoğdu, Zeynep Di̇la Yüksel

Turkish Journal of Biology

Background/aim: Visceral leishmaniasis, primarily caused by Leishmania infantum, remains a major global health challenge due to limitations in current chemotherapeutic options, including toxicity and emerging drug resistance. Host-directed therapeutic approaches are increasingly recognized as promising alternatives. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is an immunomodulatory molecule with host-dependent effects on macrophage function; however, its therapeutic use is hindered by instability and poor solubility. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) offer a controlled and biocompatible delivery platform capable of enhancing intracellular drug accumulation.

Materials and methods: ATRA-loaded SLNs were prepared and characterized for size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and morphology. Their antileishmanial activity was evaluated …

Epidemiology And Ultrasonographic Observations Of Urogenital Schistosomiasis Related Urinary Tract Morbidity In Itilima District, Simiyu Region, Tanzania, Coletha Yohana, Bruno A. Nyundo, Jared S. Bakuza, Peter F. Rambau, Safari M. Kinung’Hi

Tanzania Journal of Science

Chronic infection of urogenital schistosomiasis in humans is a major cause of urinary tract morbidity in endemic areas. However, information on the prevalence of schistosomiasisrelated urinary tract morbidity is lacking in most endemic countries including Tanzania. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of schistosomiasis-related urinary tract morbidity in schoolchildren and adults in Itilima District. Urine samples from 682 residents were examined for Schistosoma haematobium infection using urine filtration technique. Urinary tract morbidity was examined by ultrasound. The prevalence of S. haematobium infection was 16.4% (112/682) and varied significantly between villages (range 3.2% to 29.5%, χ2 = 48.467, p < 0.001). There was no significant variation of S. haematobium infection between male and female (8.3 % vs 8.1%, χ2 = 0.679, p = 0.410). Majority (93.8%) had light infections (

Staff Education To Enhance Knowledge Of Blood Culture Collection Technique To Reduce Blood Culture Contamination Rates, Whitney Ducharme

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

Rapidly Progressive Deep Polymicrobial Suprapubic Abscess Following Radical Inguinal Orchiectomy In A Patient With Poorly Controlled Diabetes, Jayanjali Bodavula, Adam D. Long, Eric Delman

Student Publications

Radical inguinal orchiectomy is the gold standard surgical management for suspected testicular malignancy and is generally associated with low postoperative complication rates. Infectious complications are typically superficial and confined to the surgical incision or scrotal wall, while deep suprapubic or inguinal space abscess formation remains uncommon. We report a case of a 32-year-old man with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus who underwent a right radical inguinal orchiectomy for a testicular mass. On postoperative day 7, he developed mild inguinal swelling that was initially presumed to represent a benign hematoma. However, within days, he experienced worsening severe pain, erythema, leukocytosis, …

Epidermicin Ni01 Demonstrates Potent In Vivo Activity In A Murine Model Of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Skin Infection, Vicky Bennett, Gordon Barker, Andrew Sharp, Victoria L. Birkett, Jennifer Williams, Pani Tourlomousis, Mathew Upton

School of Biomedical Sciences

Objectives: In the UK, over 16% of antibiotic prescriptions are for skin infections. New approaches are required to treat and prevent such infections, and new therapeutic modalities should be investigated. Epidermicin NI01 is a first-in-class bacteriocin with potent activity and a novel mode of action against MRSA and Streptococci, leading causes of community and healthcare acquired skin infections and a significant burden of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The activity of NI01 in a model of MRSA skin infection was assessed during this study. Methods: Immunosuppressed male CD1 mice were wounded dorsally using tape-stripping and S. aureus strain USA300 was topically applied. …

Medical Staff Journal, 1994-95, V4 N3, Winter, Advocate Health - Midwest

Historical Documents - Combined

Lutheran General Hospital, Park Ridge, IL: Quarterly publication produced by and for medical staff at Lutheran General Hospital. This issue includes case studies, professional activities, and a directory of new staff members.

Medical Staff Journal, 1994, V4 N1, Spring, Advocate Health - Midwest

Historical Documents - Combined

Lutheran General Hospital, Park Ridge, IL: Quarterly publication produced by and for medical staff at Lutheran General Hospital. This issue includes case studies, professional activities, and a directory of new staff members.

Medical Staff Journal, 1992, V2 N2, Summer, Advocate Health - Midwest

Historical Documents - Combined

Lutheran General Hospital, Park Ridge, IL: Quarterly publication produced by and for medical staff at Lutheran General Hospital. This issue includes case studies, professional activities, and a directory of new staff members.

Medical Staff Journal, 1991, V1 N4, Fall, Advocate Health - Midwest

Historical Documents - Combined

Lutheran General Hospital, Park Ridge, IL: Quarterly publication produced by and for medical staff at Lutheran General Hospital. This issue includes case studies, professional activities, and a directory of new staff members.

Medical Staff Journal, 1992, V2 N1, Winter, Advocate Health - Midwest

Historical Documents - Combined

Lutheran General Hospital, Park Ridge, IL: Quarterly publication produced by and for medical staff at Lutheran General Hospital. This issue includes case studies, professional activities, abstracts, and a directory of new staff members.

Medical Staff Journal, 1991, V1 N2, Spring, Advocate Health - Midwest

Historical Documents - Combined

Lutheran General Hospital, Park Ridge, IL: Quarterly publication produced by and for medical staff at Lutheran General Hospital. This issue includes case studies, professional activities, and a directory of new staff members.

Caring, 1984 Fall-Winter, Advocate Health - Midwest

Historical Documents - Combined

Illinois Masonic Medical Center, Chicago, IL: Quarterly community education publication for IMMC. This issue includes news and updates, events, professional activites, and an article on emergency medicine.

Caring, 1982 Fall/Winter, Advocate Health - Midwest

Historical Documents - Combined

Illinois Masonic Medical Center, Chicago, IL: Quarterly community education publication for IMMC. This issue includes news and updates, events, professional activites, and an article on heand and neck cancers.

Caring, 1982 Winter, Advocate Health - Midwest

Historical Documents - Combined

Illinois Masonic Medical Center, Chicago, IL: Quarterly community education publication for IMMC. This issue includes news and updates, events, professional activites, and an article on a new family medicine clinic.

Caring Annual Report, 1989, Advocate Health - Midwest

Historical Documents - Combined

Illinois Masonic Medical Center, Chicago, IL: Annual report published as an issue of Caring, the quarterly community publication for Illinois Masonic Medical Center. Included are a financial report, statistical report, and updates from the past year.