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Histopathology Confirms White-Nose Syndrome In Bats In Europe, Jiri Pikula, Hana Bandouchova, Landislov Novotny

KIP Articles

White-nose syndrome, associated with the fungal skin infection geomycosis, caused regional population collapse in bats in North America. Our results, based on histopathology, show the presence of white-nose syndrome in Europe. Dermatohistopathology on two bats (Myotis myotis) found dead in March 2010 with geomycosis in the Czech Republic had characteristics resembling Geomyces destructans infection in bats confirmed with white-nose syndrome in US hibernacula. In addition, a live M. myotis, biopsied for histopathology during hibernation in April 2011, had typical fungal infection with cupping erosion and invasion of muzzle skin diagnostic for white-nose syndrome and conidiospores identical to G. destructans that …

The Interdomain Linker Of Aav-2 Rep68 Is An Integral Part Of Its Oligomerization Domain: Role Of A Conserved Sf3 Helicase Residue In Oligomerization, Francisco Zarate-Perez, Martino Bardelli, John W. Burgner Ii, Maria Villamil-Jarauta, Kanni Das, Demet Kekilli, Jorge Mansilla-Soto, R. Michael Linden, Carlos R. Escalante

Physiology and Biophysics Publications and Presentations

The four Rep proteins of adeno-associated virus (AAV) orchestrate all aspects of its viral life cycle, including transcription regulation, DNA replication, virus assembly, and site-specific integration of the viral genome into the human chromosome 19. All Rep proteins share a central SF3 superfamily helicase domain. In other SF3 members this domain is sufficient to induce oligomerization. However, the helicase domain in AAV Rep proteins (i.e. Rep40/Rep52) as shown by its monomeric characteristic, is not able to mediate stable oligomerization. This observation led us to hypothesize the existence of an as yet undefined structural determinant that regulates Rep oligomerization. In this …

Sand Fly And Emerging Disease:Leishmaniasis, Raxsina Polseela

Asian Medical Journal and Alternative Medicine

Phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) is a dipteran which goes through four stages in its life cycle; egg, larva, pupa, and adult. Sand fl ies are the only proven vector of the Leishmania parasite. Leishmaniasis is caused by Leishmania spp., a parasitic protozoan of the Trypanosomatidae family and poses an in creasingly important threat in Thailand. Recently, Cutaneous leishmaniasis and visceral leishmaniasis have been found in several parts of Thailand. It is the blood-sucking female of the genus Phlebotomus spp. in Africa and Central Asia and Lutzomyia spp. in Central and South America. Phlebotomus argentipes is the principle vector of …

Necrotizing Fasciitis, Parin Tatsanavivat

Asian Medical Journal and Alternative Medicine

Necrotizing fasciitis is an uncommon disease of soft tissue infection with mild clinical appearance. As a result of its rarity and minimal early symptomatology, late diagnosis is a common problem. This disease has high morbidity and mortality, moreover medical professions should keep in mind of necrotizing fasciitis when dealing with patients with soft tissue infection. Recently, many studies try to achieve early diagnosis with laboratory tests but the results can only support the clinical diagnosis and indicate the severity of the disease. In this article, we review the general knowledge of the disease, laboratory abnormalities as well as the latest …

Interaction Of Herbal Compounds With Biological Targets: A Case Study With Berberine, Xiao-Wu Chen, Yuan Ming Di, Jian Zhang, Zhi-Wei Zhou, Chun Guang Li, Shu-Feng Zhou

Pharmacy Faculty Publications

Berberine is one of the main alkaloids found in the Chinese herb Huang lian (Rhizoma Coptidis), which has been reported to have multiple pharmacological activities. This study aimed to analyze the molecular targets of berberine based on literature data followed by a pathway analysis using the PANTHER program. PANTHER analysis of berberine targets showed that the most classes of molecular functions include receptor binding, kinase activity, protein binding, transcription activity, DNA binding, and kinase regulator activity. Based on the biological process classification of in vitro berberine targets, those targets related to signal transduction, intracellular signalling cascade, cell surface …

Senate Bill (A) 53-059 Annual Budget Bill 2013-2014, Adam Aldridge

Legislative Branch Publications

No abstract provided.

Toothbrush Contamination: A Review Of The Literature, Michelle R. Frazelle, Cindy L. Munro

Nursing Faculty Publications

Toothbrushes are commonly used in hospital settings and may harbor potentially harmful microorganisms. A peer-reviewed literature review was conducted to evaluate the cumulative state of knowledge related to toothbrush contamination and its possible role in disease transmission. A systematic review was conducted on adult human subjects through three distinct searches. The review resulted in seven experimental and three descriptive studies which identified multiple concepts related to toothbrush contamination to include contamination, methods for decontamination, storage, design, and environmental factors. The selected studies found that toothbrushes of healthy and oral diseased adults become contaminated with pathogenic bacteria from the dental plaque, …

Autonomous Motherhood And The Law: Exploring The Narratives Of Canada’S Single Mothers By Choice, Fiona Kelly

Canadian Journal of Family Law

In the past three decades, single mothers by choice (SMCs) have emerged as a new and rapidly growing component of Canada's single mother population. SMCs are women who choose to have a child, usually via some form of assisted conception, with the intention that they be their child's sole parent. While SMCs are part of an increasing number of non-normative family configurations in Canada, they pose some unique social and legal questions. However, unlike some other non-normative families, such as lesbian and gay families, SMCs have received very little academic attention and almost none pertaining to the role of law …

How The Government Created And Sustains The Private Pharmaceutical Industry, Robert I. Field

Saint Louis University Journal of Health Law & Policy

No abstract provided.

Independent Clinical Trials To Test Drugs: The Neglected Reform, Marc A. Rodwin

Saint Louis University Journal of Health Law & Policy

No abstract provided.

Improving Pcr Efficiency With Inorganic Pyrophosphatase, Anuj Singhal

Theses

No abstract provided.

The Ecology Of Tick-Borne Relapsing Fever In Western North America, Tammi Lynne Johnson

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

In North America the primary cause of tick-borne relapsing fever (TBRF) is the spirochete Borrelia hermsii that is vectored by the tick Ornithodoros hermsi. Ecological investigations were combined with mathematical modeling and genetics to gain a clearer understanding of the interactions and mechanisms responsible for disease maintenance, distribution, and genetic diversity. The objectives of this research were to: 1) identify mammals associated with B. hermsii and O. hermsi by determining active infection and antibody presence, 2) develop a deterministic model to ascertain ecological and epidemiological parameters essential for disease persistence, 3) resolve the phylogeographic structure of B. hermsii and …

Research Annual Report 2012, Children's Mercy Hospital

Research Annual Reports

Annual report of the research at Children's Mercy Hospital in Kansas City MO, a pediatric medical center.

2011 Legislative And Administrative Review, Patrick Graves, Keith Mosman, Shayna Rogers

Animal Law Review

It is my pleasure to introduce Animal Law’s fourteenth annual Legislative and Administrative Review. The 2011 Legislative and Administrative Review analyzes some of the year’s most groundbreaking developments in animal-related state and federal legislation, such as federal regulations of genetically engineered fish and attempts by state legislatures to overturn animal-related citizen initiatives.

Additionally, for the first time in Animal Law’s history, this year’s Review also includes an analysis of some of the most important animal-related administrative law developments of the year. Because many decisions impacting animals occur in the administrative arena, it is our hope that the administrative section complements …

Gram Stains: A Resource For Retrospective Analysis Of Bacterial Pathogens In Clinical Studies, Usha Srinivasan, Sreelatha Ponnalurl, Lisa Villareal, Brenda Gillespie, Ai Wen, Arianna Miles, Brigette Bucholz, Carl F. Marrs, Ram K. Iyer, Dawn Misra, Betsy Foxman

Faculty Work

We demonstrate the feasibility of using qPCR on DNA extracted from vaginal Gram stain slides to estimate the presence and relative abundance of specific bacterial pathogens. We first tested Gram stained slides spiked with a mix of 108 cfu/ml of Escherichia coli and 105cfu/ml of Lactobacillus acidophilus. Primers were designed for amplification of total and species-specific bacterial DNA based on 16S ribosomal gene regions. Sample DNA was pre-amplified with nearly full length 16S rDNA ribosomal gene fragment, followed by quantitative PCR with genera and species-specific 16S rDNA primers. Pre-amplification PCR increased the bacterial amounts; relative proportions of Escherichia coli …

Synthesis And Computational Analysis Of The Novel 3-Methyl-2, 4-Diphenyl-3h-1-Benzazepine And Related Derivatives, Nathan Dvorkin

Student Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Anonymously Provided Sperm And The Constitution, Mary P. Byrn, Rebecca Ireland

Faculty Scholarship

Obtaining sperm to use in Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) is relatively simple. Hospitals, clinics, and sperm banks throughout the United States are in the business of selling sperm from literally thousands of men. Once a man is approved to provide sperm, he contracts with the sperm bank to supply sperm for a specified period of time and designates himself as either an anonymous or open-identity sperm provider. When a man chooses to provide his sperm anonymously, both the sperm provider and intended parents agree to complete anonymity – that is, the sperm provider can never know the parents or any …

Learning Public Health Through Civic Issues, Kathleen Fitzpatrick

Health Sciences Faculty Publications

This course is organized around current challenging health issues, such as mandatory immunization, childhood obesity, health insurance, tobacco control, etc. Activities included issues-focused debates, lecture and video presentations, case study discussions, and guest speakers. Students completed fifteen hours of community-based service learning, many in the Lawrence Math-Science Partnership, an outreach program in which undergraduates work on after-school STEM enrichment activities with middle-school students. Several activities complemented the course issues, allowing college students to make connections between course theory and community needs, while engaging middle-school students in important public health concepts. The SENCER-SALG assessment (N=189/192 (98%) of enrolled students) indicated that …

Faculty Senate Newsletter, January 2012, Louisiana State University And Agricultural & Mechanical College

LSU Faculty Senate Publications

Message from President: Few would doubt that experience carries a value, yet few would be ready to accord to experience the irrationally high esteem granted it by the various units, agencies, and boards that govern and deliver higher education in Louisiana. In an educational establishment where “retire-rehire” could almost qualify as the refrain of a top-ten tune, where retreads and reassigned old hands move from juicy appointment to juicier portfolio while youngsters scramble for bread, where middle age is all but marginalized, where “double dipping” may sometimes lead to the ejection of a Commissioner but will usually create happy prosperity …

Amino Acid Differences In Glycoproteins B (Gb), C (Gc), H (Gh) And L(Gl) Are Associated With Enhanced Herpes Simplex Virus Type-1 (Mckrae) Entry Via The Paired Immunoglobulin-Like Type-2 Receptor Α, Sona Chowdhury, Misagh Naderi, Vladimir N. Chouljenko, Jason D. Walker, Konstantin G. Kousoulas

Faculty Publications

© 2012 Chowdhury et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. Background: Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) enters into cells via membrane fusion of the viral envelope with plasma or endosomal membranes mediated by viral glycoproteins. HSV-1 virions attach to cell surfaces by binding of viral glycoproteins gC, gD and gB to specific cellular receptors. Here we show that the human ocular and highly neurovirulent HSV-1 strain McKrae enters substantially more efficiently into cells via the gB-specific human paired immunoglobulin-like type-2 receptor-a (hPILR-α). Comparison of the predicted amino acid sequences between HSV-1(F) and McKrae strains indicates that amino acid changes within gB, …

A Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (Mckrae) Mutant Lacking The Glycoprotein K Gene Is Unable To Infect Via Neuronal Axons And Egress From Neuronal Cell Bodies, Andrew T. David, Ahmad Saied, Anu Charles, Ramesh Subramanian, Vladimir N. Chouljenko, Konstantin G. Kousoulas

Faculty Publications

We have shown that the herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) gK gene is essential for efficient replication and spread in the corneal epithelium and trigeminal ganglion neuroinvasion in mice (A. T. David, A. Baghian, T. P. Foster, V. N. Chouljenko, and K. G. Kousoulas, Curr. Eye Res. 33:455-467, 2008). To further investigate the role of gK in neuronal infection, we utilized a microfluidic chamber system separating neuronal cell bodies and axonal termini. HSV-1 (McKrae) engineered virus constitutively expressing enhanced green fluorescence protein (GFP) was efficiently transmitted in both a retrograde and an anterograde manner. These results were corroborated by expression …

Malaria And Related Outcomes In Patients With Intestinal Helminths: A Cross-Sectional Study, Abraham Degarege, Mengistu Legesse, Girmay Medhin, Abebe Animut, Berhanu Erko

Journal Articles: Epidemiology

BACKGROUND: The effects of helminth co-infection on malaria in humans remain uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate the nature of association of intestinal helminths with prevalence and clinical outcomes of Plasmodium infection.

METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving 1,065 malaria suspected febrile patients was conducted at Dore Bafeno Health Center, Southern Ethiopia, from December 2010 to February 2011. Plasmodium and intestinal helminth infections were diagnosed using Giemsa-stained blood films and Kato-Katz technique, respectively. Haemoglobin level was determined using a haemocue machine.

RESULTS: Among 1,065 malaria suspected febrile patients, 28.8% were positive for Plasmodium parasites (P. falciparum =13.0%, P. vivax =14.5%, P. …

Abdullahi V. Pfizer: Second Circuit Finds A Nonconsensual Medical, Experimentation Claim Actionable Under Alien Tort Statute, Anna Alman

Denver Journal of International Law & Policy

No abstract provided.

Phytochemical Studies On The Medicinal Plant Sutherlandia Frutescens, Xiang Fu

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Sutherlandia frutescens (L.) R. Br (Fabaceae) is a multipurpose medicinal plant with diverse biological activities, and has been widely used for the treatment of cancer, AIDS, diabetes, and infectious diseases in southern Africa. The primary goal of this study was to investigate the chemical constituents of S. frutescens and develop an analytical method to analyze this plant and the dietary supplements derived from this plant. The dissertation is composed of six chapters. Chapter 1 introduces the general background of S. frutescens, including traditional uses and chemical and biological studies on the plant. Chapter 2 describes the phytochemical studies that have …

Outcomes In The Urologic Management Of Neurogenic Bladder In Spinal Cord Injured Patients, Leonard Ufumwen Edokpolo

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

The main objective of this study was to retrospectively report our institutionaloutcomes with the long-term management of neurogenic bladder in spinal cord injurypatients. Specifically to: (A) report the association of recurrent urinary tract infection

(UTI) with the long-term use of clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) in our population of spinal cord injury (SCI) patients. (B) Secondly, to evaluate the use of retroperitoneal

ultrasound for long-term renal tract surveillance in injured patients. (C) And thirdly, to describe our experience with the use of the lowsley retractor method for suprapubic cystostmy in patients with neurogenic bladder.

Subjects were selected from patients followed by …

Foretelling The Future Of Prognostication: A Historically Inspired Domain-Based Approach For The Elderly, John Thomas

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

FORETELLING THE FUTURE OF PROGNOSTICATION: A HISTORICALLY INSPIRED DOMAIN-BASED APPROACH FOR THE ELDERLY

John M. Thomas and Terri R. Fried. Section of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.

Hypothesis: 1) Physicians' decisions to discuss hospice as an option for terminally ill patients are based on a limited approach to prognostication that excludes many patients who may benefit from discussions. 2) Identifying broader domains of health most important for prognostication, as an alternative to calculating life expectancy or mortality risk, might encourage prognostication and improve physician-patient communication.

Aims: 1) To examine the association between …

Attending To Equality: Criminal Law, The Charter And Competitive Truths, Rosemary Cairns Way

The Supreme Court Law Review: Osgoode’s Annual Constitutional Cases Conference

This paper was delivered as part of a panel entitled “The Justness of Criminal Justice: How has the Charter Changed the Problems We Face?” Participants were asked to “reflect on the social justice issues raised in the criminal justice system and how those issues have remained, changed or been redressed over the life of the Charter”. The author’s the sis is: (1) the criminal justice system is overflowing with social justice issues; (2) the most significant insight about the criminal justice system in the past 30 years is that criminal law raises equality values; (3) the Charter has had something …

Antimicrobial Activity, Cytotoxicity And Phytochemical Analyses Of Rhus Aromatica, Rhus Glabra And Sanguinaria Canadensis Native To South Dakota, Gitanjali Nandakafle

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A total of twenty five South Dakota native medicinal plants were screened against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli using a disk diffusion assay. Out of these 25 plants, three plants Rhus aromatica, Rhus glabra and Sanguinaria canadensis demonstrated the highest bacterial inhibition. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of these plant extracts were determined using a bacterial enumeration assay. Alamar Blue in vitro cytotoxicity test showed that all extracts have some toxic effect to porcine intestinal epithelial cell lines. Phytochemical analysis of these plant extracts indicated the presence high concentration of flavonoids and condensed tannins in R. aromatica and that R. glabra contained …

Community Based Weighing Of Newborns And Use Of Mobile Phones By Village Elders In Rural Settings In Kenya: A Decentralised Approach To Health Care Provision, Peter Gisore, Evelyn Shipala, Kevin Otieno, Betsy Rono, Irene Marete, Constance Tenge, Hillary Mabeya, Sherri Bucher, Janet Moore, Edward Liechty, Fabian Esamai

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

Background: Identifying every pregnancy, regardless of home or health facility delivery, is crucial to accurately estimating maternal and neonatal mortality. Furthermore, obtaining birth weights and other anthropometric measurements in rural settings in resource limited countries is a difficult challenge. Unfortunately for the majority of infants born outside of a health care facility, pregnancies are often not recorded and birth weights are not accurately known. Data from the initial 6 months of the Maternal and Neonatal Health (MNH) Registry Study of the Global Network for Women and Children’s Health study area in Kenya revealed that up to 70% of newborns did …

Polymeric Nanocarriers For The Regional And Systemic Delivery Of Therapeutics To And Through The Lungs, Balaji Bharatwaj

Wayne State University Dissertations

The lungs are considered as one of the fastest portals of entry to the bloodstream and oral inhalation (OI) has long been accepted as the preferred mode of administration of therapeutics to the respiratory tract. However, despite its advantages, the lungs have been largely underutilized to target ailments not only of systemic relevance but also several other grave conditions including lung cancer and tuberculosis. Polymeric nanocarriers (PNCs) have several advantages over other drug delivery vehicles including sustained release of moieties, ease of cellular internalization and improved targeting, and hence hold the promise to greatly augment the potential of OI therapies. …