Digital Commons Network^™

Thyroid Hormone Reference Intervals And The Prevalence Of Thyroid Antibodies, Aydan Çelebi̇ler, Si̇bel Bi̇lgi̇li̇, Emi̇ne Ömür Erkizan, Huri̇ye Seri̇n, Muhammet Baysal Karaca

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To establish new reference intervals for thyrotropin (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), and free triiodothyronine (FT3) on the Beckman Coulter DxI 800 in healthy Turkish adults and assess the prevalence of laboratory evidence of thyroid antibodies in this population. Materials and methods: Specimens were obtained from 619 healthy volunteers (338 females, 281 males).The study was conducted with health care professionals and their relatives, The mean age of all the subjects was 34.7 and the median was 31 years, with ages ranging from 15 to 84. Moreover, the subjects had no evidence of thyroid autoimmunity or a history of drug use, both …

Serum Adenosine Deaminase Activity And The Total Antioxidant Capacity Of Plasma In Pulmonary Tuberculosis And Non-Tuberculosis Pulmonary Disease, Mohammad Naderi, Mohammad Hashemi, Ali Mehdizadeh, Hamid Mehrabifar, Hamid Reza Kouhpayeh, Hossein Ansari, Gholamreza Bahari, Saeid Ghavami

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

The aim of this study was to investigate the level of serum adenosine deaminase (ADA) and the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), non-tuberculosis pulmonary disease (non-PTB) and healthy subjects. Materials and methods: Serum ADA activity was measured using the Giusti and Galanti method, and the total antioxidant capacity of plasma was determined by the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) test. Results: The serum ADA levels were significantly higher (P < 0.001) in pulmonary TB (PTB, 19.78 ± 7.09 U/L), as well as in non-PTB patients (14.78 ± 4.65 U/L) when compared to healthy controls (10.02 ± 1.99 U/L). The sensitivity and specificity were found to be 71.7% and 63.3%, respectively, in distinguishing PTB from non-PTB. In distinguishing PTB from healthy subjects, the sensitivity and specificity were 87% and 93.3%, respectively. The TAC was significantly lower in PTB (485.2 ± 190.0 µM) and non-PTB patients (588.3 ± 195.8 µM), when compared to the controls (784.3 ± 190.0 µM; P < 0.001). Plasma antioxidative activity decreased in PTB and non-PTB patients when compared to the controls. Conclusion: We concluded that serum ADA activity is not a useful test to differentiate pulmonary TB from other respiratory diseases. The TAC is low in pulmonary TB, therefore supplementation with a suitable anti-oxidant may be useful.

Prevalence Of Anaemia In Women Of Reproductive Age In Meghalaya: A Logistic Regression Analysis, Sanku Dey, Sankar Goswami, Madhuchhanda Goswami

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To examine the prevalence of anaemia in Meghalaya, India, by exploring the 2005-2006 National Family Health Survey (NFHS -3) data. Materials and methods: The study population consisted of 3934 ever-married women of reproductive age (15-49 years) from the state Meghalaya, India, which were taken from the NFHS-3 survey, to explore the predictors responsible for the prevalence of anaemia by using different background characteristics such as age, place of residence, nutritional status, number of children ever born, pregnancy status, educational achievement, and economic status. As a response variable, anaemia levels were categorised as a dichotomous variable, and the predicted probabilities were …

Incidence And Risk Factors For Bloodstream Infections Stemming From Temporary Hemodialysis Catheters, Hati̇ce Rahmet Çaylan, Gürdal Yilmaz, Ebru Emel Sözen, Kemaletti̇n Aydin, İftahar Köksal

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Catheter-related bloodstream infection (CR-BSI) is considered as an important complication of hemodialysis catheters. The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate the incidence and risk factors of temporary hemodialysis catheter-related bloodstream infection. Materials and methods: Prospective data related to temporary hemodialysis catheters inserted in our institution were collected for duration of three years. The risk factors of CR-BSI of patients between the CR-BSI group and the control group were compared. Results: A total of 248 temporary hemodialysis catheters were inserted in 201 patients and remained in situ for a cumulative total of 5192 catheter days. There were 3254 dialysis …

Predisposing Factors For Serum Sodium Disturbance In Patients With Severe Traumatic Brain Injury (Sbi), Mohammadreza Safavi, Saied Abrishamkar, Poria Tvakoli, Daruosh Moradi, Azim Honarmand

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Disturbances in the plasma sodium level in patients with severe brain injury (SBI) is not a rare phenomenon and may cause adverse effects on prognosis and treatment outcomes. The knowledge of the prevalence of risk factors helps in early detection and good management of the serum sodium level disturbance. Materials and methods: This is a prospective clinical trial double blind study. The target population included patients with SBI who had disturbances in their plasma sodium level and were admitted at the ICU of Kashani Hospital, Isfahan, Iran, between January and October 2006. The patients with renal insufficiency, diuretic therapy, massive …

Vitamin C Modulates Oxidative Stress-Induced Colitis In Rats, Mustafa Zeri̇n, Ali̇ Zi̇ya Karakilçik, Muharrem Bi̇ti̇ren, Davut Musa, Abdullah Özgönül, Şehabetti̇n Selek, Yaşar Nazligül, Ali̇ Uzunköy

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Free radicals are an important factor in the etiopathogenesis of colitis and may increase oxidative damage. The antioxidant vitamin C efficiently scavenges free oxygen radicals. The present study aimed to investigate the probable protective effects of vitamin C on oxidative injury in rats in which colitis was experimentally induced with acetic acid. Materials and methods: This study was conducted with rats for a period of 7 days. Group 1 intrarectally received a placebo (0.9% NaCl) and group 2 intrarectally received 2 mL of 5% acetic acid (AA) and the placebo. Group 3 intrarectally received 2 mL of 5% AA and …

Effects Of Aqueous Garlic Extract On Oxidant/Antioxidant Status In 32d And 32dp210 Cell Lines, Aslihan Avci, Asuman Sunguroğlu, İmge B. Ergüder, Güvem Gümüş Akay, Erdi̇nç Devri̇m, Pinar Özkal Baydin, Nuray Varol, İlker Durak

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To investigate the possible effects of aqueous garlic extract on the oxidant/antioxidant status and apoptosis in 32D (wild type mouse myeloid cell = normal) and 32Dp210 (BCR-ABL fusion gene (+) mouse myeloid cell = Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia cells) cell lines. Materials and methods: Aqueous garlic extract (10% w/v) was added into the cell line media with 2 different final concentrations (0.4% and 1%). At 0 h and at 24, 48, and 72 h later, the oxidant (malondialdehyde (MDA) level, and xanthine oxidase (XO) enzyme activity) and antioxidant (superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (CAT) enzyme activities) parameters were …

Asia's Participation In Global Health Diplomacy And Global Health Governance, David P. Fidler

Articles by Maurer Faculty

This article provides a framework for thinking about Asian approaches to and impact on global health diplomacy and governance that might contribute to more sophisticated analyses on Asia in global health politics, diplomacy, and governance. First, the article examines the "rise of Asia" and "rise of health" as overlapping but unconnected developments in international relations. Second, it analyzes how the shift of power and influence towards Asia, largely caused by China's and India's emergence as great powers; affects global health politics and potential Asian contributions to global health diplomacy and governance in the future. Third, the article looks at normative …

Well-Being Analysis, John Bronsteen

Faculty Publications & Other Works

No abstract provided.

Welfare As Happiness, John Bronsteen, Christopher Buccafusco, Jonathan S. Masur

Faculty Publications & Other Works

No abstract provided.

Language Impairments And Their Affect On Literacy, Christina Savoie

Honors Capstones

Language impairments can have a profound impact on future reading skills. When detected early, intervention from speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and reading teachers, can lessen the severity of literacy impairments. Therefore, it is imperative SLPs are aware of the correlation between reading disabilities and language impairments to better serve the children on their caseloads. Working together, classroom teachers, parents, reading teachers, and SLPs can identify and appropriately serve children with language and reading impairments. It is criticalfor children with language impairments to be assessed early and often for problems in reading in order to prevent academic setbacks, because improving literacy skills …

Connecticut Yankee Speech In Europe's Court: An Alternative Vision Of Constitutional Defamation Law To "New York Times Co. V. Sullivan?, Allen E. Shoenberger

Faculty Publications & Other Works

Correlating Pharmaceutical Data With A National Health Survey As A Proxy For Estimating Rural Population Health, Ronald E. Cossman, Jeralynn S. Cossman, Wesley L. James, Troy Blanchard, Richard Thomas, Louis G. Pol, Arthur G. Cosby

MBA Faculty Publications

Background: Chronic disease accounts for nearly three-quarters of US deaths, yet prevalence rates are not consistently reported at the state level and are not available at the sub-state level. This makes it difficult to assess trends in prevalence and impossible to measure sub-state differences. Such county-level differences could inform and direct the delivery of health services to those with the greatest need.

Methods: We used a database of prescription drugs filled in the US as a proxy for nationwide, county-level prevalence of three top causes of death: heart disease, stroke, and diabetes. We tested whether prescription data are …

Effect Of Standing Estrus Prior To An Injection Of Gnrh On Steriodogenic Enzyme Expression In Luteal Tissue, Kaycee Gebhart

The Journal of Undergraduate Research

Cows detected in estrus around the time of fixed-time AI had increased pregnancy success and progesterone concentrations. Additionally, GnRH following onset of estrus influenced LH pulse frequency and CL formation/function. Therefore our objective was to determine steriodogenic enzyme expression within luteal tissue of cows that were or were not detected in standing estrus prior to an injection of GnRH. Cows were synchronized with the CO-Synch protocol (day -9 100 mg GnRH; day -2 25 mg PGF2α; day 0 100 mg GnRH). Estrus was detected with the HeatWatch system. Location and size of the ovulatory follicle was determined on day 0 …

Working Mothers: Cognitive And Behavioral Effects On Children, Amanda Dejong

The Journal of Undergraduate Research

Children face several cognitive and behavioral effects that are the result of maternal employment during their early developmental years. In this study, a questionnaire was distributed to thirty-two participants (twenty-eight female, four male) ranging in age from twenty-six to fifty-nine years. All participants had at least one child. Participants provided information about themselves, their spouse (when applicable), and their children, as well as their and their spouse’s work. Several cognitive and behavioral differences were noted between children of working and nonworking mothers. Differences were found in school performance, participation in extracurricular activities, and abnormal behavioral issues.

Forecast, Winter 2009-2010, Illinois State University, College Of Applied Science And Technology

foreCAST

Magazine of the Illinois State University College of Applied Science and Technology

Community Violence As Psychosocial Stressor: The Case Of Childhood Asthma In Boston, Gonzalo Bacigalupe, Takeo Fujiwara, Sabrina Selk, Meghan Woo

Counseling, School Psychology & Sport Faculty Publication Series

Childhood asthma is a critical public health problem of urban centers in the United States and other industrialized nations. Population-based and laboratory research studies indicate that psychosocial stress differentially affects asthma expression. Witnessing or experiencing community violence is a psychosocial stressor that results in long-term biological changes that may in turn contribute to asthma morbidity. This is a review of the literature that examines the exposure to violence as a psychosocial stressor that is independently associated with asthma morbidity even after adjustment for income, housing, and other adverse life events. In addition to acting as a physiological trigger for the …

Vegetarians And Vegans In Kentucky, Danita Martha Hines

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

Kentucky has a health crisis and most of the causes can be linked to diet, smoking and physical activity. Vegetarian and vegan diets have numerous benefits for many diet related health problems such as obesity, heart disease, Type 2 diabetes and certain cancers. There has been limited research on vegetarians and vegans in the United States and none in Kentucky. This study used an anonymous electronic survey to examine the different characteristics, behaviors, experiences and opinions of adult vegetarians and vegans in Kentucky. Results were compared to statistical data reported on the general population of Kentucky. Calculated body mass index …

Dietitians’ Use And Perceptions Of Nutrition Screening Tools For The Older Adult, Sarah Ross Small

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

Malnutrition is a significant issue affecting the health of many adults over the age of 65. Screening for malnutrition in this population can help identify those in need of a complete nutritional assessment. Many screening tools have been developed to aid healthcare team members in identifying those at risk for malnutrition. A population of dietitians with a focus in older adult nutrition was surveyed to determine dietitians’ perceptions and use of screening tools for the older adult. The results of the study showed many dietitians did not use validated screening tools at their place of work and were not confident …

Long-Term Care Ombudsman Training, Texas Silver Haired Legislature Foundation, Texas Silver-Haired Legislature

Texas Silver-Haired Legislature

Training agendas, manuals, and other information on long-term care ombudsman training, 2010.

Branched And Spiral Organic Nanotubes Based On The Self-Assembly Of Bile Acids, Xuejun Zhang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The self-assembly of chiral amphiphilic molecules in aqueous solutions is of particular interest because the chirality of individual molecules is often expressed in their supermolecular structures. Self-assembled tubes made of chiral amphiphilic molecules represent useful supramolecular architectures which hold promise as controlled release vehicles for drug delivery, encapsulates for functional molecules, and nanoreactors for chemical reactions. Lithocholic acid (LCA) is a secondary bile acid with the concentration being identical to that of cholesterol in the hepatic bile and gallbladder. It has a rigid, nearly planar hydrophobic steroid nucleus, with four hydrogen atoms and one hydroxyl group directed toward the concave …

Psychosocial And Physical Health Variables As Predictors Of Weight Loss Six Months Post Roux-En-Y Bariatric Surgery, Alexander L. Patterson

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

Bariatric surgery is an increasingly popular intervention for obesity, and psychologists have seen a growing role in the evaluation of surgery candidates. Studies of pre-surgery psychosocial and physical health variables that are predictive of post-surgical outcome have been inconclusive. In the present study, pre-operative health status, psychological testing results, and support group attendance were measured to determine their relationship with weight-loss outcome at 6 months post-surgery. The Health Perception scale of the Health Status Questionnaire was a significant predictor of weight loss outcome. This suggests that individuals who endorse more negative perceptions of their physical health are more likely to …

Réduction De La Contamination Bactérienne Des Fluides De Coupe Solubles, Geneviève Marchand, Jacques Lavoie, Yves Cloutier, Louise Racine, Nancy Lacombe, Éric Bélanger, Christian Lemelin, Daniel Nadeau, Jean Desroches

Rapports de recherche scientifique

En 2000, près de 8000 travailleurs québécois ont été exposés aux fluides de coupe qui servent au refroidissement et à la lubrification du métal lors de l’usinage. La croissance bactérienne dans ces fluides est une problématique reconnue qui peut entraîner une perte des qualités intrinsèques des fluides de coupe. De plus, cette croissance dans les fluides peut produire une accumulation de toxines et d’allergènes. Lors des opérations avec des fluides de coupe, des aérosols sont produits et les contaminants se retrouvent dans l’air. Ils sont alors susceptibles d’être inhalés par les travailleurs. Des bactéries ont été retrouvées dans l’air ambiant …

Effect Of A Direct-Fed Microbial (Eubios 1090) In The Presence Of Antibiotics (Carbadox Or Ctc-Denagard) On Post-Weaning Pig Growth Performance And Immune Response, Kimberley Santos, Charles Maxwell, Elizabeth Kegley, Charles Rosenkrans

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

A study was conducted to determine the effects of a probiotic (Eubios 1090), in the presence of two different antibiotics, on performance in nursery pigs. A total of 216 pigs were weaned at an average of 21 d, blocked by initial body weight (BW = 6.79 kg), and distributed into 32 pens of 6 to 7 pigs per pen in an offsite nursery facility. Pens were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments (8 pens per treatment) that were fed throughout post-weaning phase 1 (day (D) 0 to 10), phase 2 (D 10 to 20), and phase 3 (D …

Adolescent Sexual Behavior And Sexual Education In The United States, Therese B. Orbea

CMC Senior Theses

This review of sexual education in the United States broadly defines the two most common approaches in sexual education seen in this country today. I cover the status of certain sexual behaviors and risks amongst the teenage population in the U.S. and specifically cover reported sexual activity in high school students and overall data on teen pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). This work specifically looks at Maine, California, Texas, Maryland, North Carolina, and New Mexico to highlight the variety of state policies concerning sexual education and the differences in teenage sexual behaviors that exist within each of those six …

Do Investors View Excess Capacity As A Determinant Of Mergers And Acquisitions In The Pharmaceutical And Biotechnology Industry?, Jennifer M. Volk

CMC Senior Theses

I examine investors’ reaction to the announcement of mergers and acquisitions in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry from 2002 to 2008. Over this period, investors anticipate the announcements, as demonstrated by the fact that the cumulative abnormal returns are not statistically significant. In addition, I test to determine the effect of excess capacity on investors’ reactions. From 2002 to 2004, investors do not recognize acquisitions as a response to excess capacity, as the excess capacity measures utilized have no effect on the size of the cumulative abnormal return. From 2005 to 2008, however, excess capacity measures have a positive effect …

Adhd: Culture, Treatment Strategies And Their Relevance To Preschool Children, Nelson M. Bean

CMC Senior Theses

In recent decades a growing number of individuals in preschool, middle childhood and adolescence have been diagnosed with ADHD. Accompanying increasing rates of diagnoses is an increase in the use of stimulant medication in preschool populations, a practice not approved by the Food and Drug Administration. This paper reviews the current literature pertaining the social and developmental consequences of ADHD, its effect on the child and family, treatment strategies with and without the use of stimulants, and cultural and diagnostic trends which may be contributing to the rising number of diagnoses. A review of the literature suggests that there is …

Disability In America: A Minority Group For Everyone, Nicholas W. Ostreim

CMC Senior Theses

July 26, 2010 marked the twentieth anniversary of the Americans with Disabilities Act; the greater implications of comprehensive disability policy are yet to be seen. Nearly twenty percent of Americans have a disability. With such a significant portion of Americans affected, is equal access to employment opportunities, transportation, and communication available? The history of disability in America tells a story of isolation and institutionalization. The civil rights movement of the 1950’s and 60’s opened up an opportunity for America’s most versatile minority group. A survey conducted by the International Center for the Disabled in 1986 showed sixty-six percent of non-institutionalized …

Improving The Status Of Indigenous Women In Peru, Jennifer Zavaleta

CMC Senior Theses

Neoliberal agrarian reforms in Latin America have lead to both advances and set backs for the women’s and indigenous movements. While most neoliberal policies were the same in terms of goals, like creating institutions that encourage a capitalist markets, the results were somewhat heterogeneous in part due to the role of the women’s and indigenous movements in individual countries. The rise of the international women’s movement, which was marked by the UN’s decade on women from 1975-1985, coincided with an unfavorable economic climate in Latin America.

Acceptance, Communication Mode And Use Of Audio Computer- Assisted Self Interview Using Touchscreen To Identify Risk Factors Among Pregnant Minority Women, Jutta S. Thornberry, Kennan B. Murray, M. Nabil El-Khorazaty, Michele Kiely

Publications and Research

This paper evaluates the acceptability, communication mode and use of audio computer-assisted self-interview (A-CASI) among minority pregnant women receiving prenatal care in six Washington, DC sites. A total of 2,913 women were screened for demographic eligibility (18+ years old,gestation, Black/African-American or Hispanic) and risk (smoking, environmental tobacco smoke exposure, depression, intimate partner violence). Questions were displayed on touch screen laptop monitors and heard through earphones. The mean length of time to complete the screener was almost 6 minutes.

A-CASI experience, which included difficulty in using the computer, acceptability (enjoyment), and preferred communication mode, was compared across sites, the eligibility and …