Digital Commons Network^™

Adolescent Girls In Urban Ethiopia: Vulnerability And Opportunity, Abebaw Ferede, Annabel Erulkar

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

In 2008, the Population Council undertook a survey of out-of-school, adolescent girls (aged 10 to 19) in slum areas of urban Ethiopia—a population that is highly vulnerable to HIV infection. The survey serves as a baseline for HIV prevention programs designed and implemented jointly by the Ministry of Youth and Sports, Regional Bureaus of Youth and Sports, and the Population Council. This study provided valuable direction for programmers interested in supporting adolescent girls, particularly early adolescent (10 to 14 years old) and out-of-school girls who are highly vulnerable and in need of dedicated attention. Special efforts are needed to support …

Common Data Set 2008-2009, Clemson University

Common Data Sets

No abstract provided.

Regulation Of Alginate Production Of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Fredrick Heath Damron

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P.a.) is a major threat to the health and well being of a person living with cystic fibrosis (CF). P.a. is capable of conversion to mucoidy or alginate overproducing phenotype. Mucoidy facilitates the chronic infection of P.a. infection in the CF lung. Mutations in the anti-sigma factor mucA, result in activation of the sigma factor AlgU which promotes expression of alginate through the alginate biosynthetic operon. However, P.a. can produce alginate independent of mucA mutation via a mechanism known as regulated proteolysis. Proteases AlgW and MucP can degrade MucA to liberate and activate AlgU. In this dissertation, two …

2009-2010 Graduate Catalog, Armstrong Atalntic State University

Armstrong Office of the Registrar: Graduate Catalogs (Archived)

Academic catalog for Armstrong Atlantic State University.

Concerning Dna Testing Of Adults Arrested For A Felony, And Making An Appropriation Therefor., Colorado General Assembly

Session Laws 2001-Present

No abstract provided.

Comparison Of Uva Absorbance In Sun And Shade Leaves, James Newton, Kevin Rivera, James Kim

Featured Research

In observing chaparral species’ resistance to abiotic plant stresses, this investigation sought to study plant defense against UVA radiation in sun and shade leaves. We predicted that sun leaves would have higher absorbance of UV radiation considering their day-long exposure to sunlight.

UVA (350nm-400nm) absorbance in sun and shade leaves of Heteromeles arbutifolia and Malosma laurina were measured using an integrating sphere. Four leaves from each group were surveyed for reflectance and absorbance. Using the spectrophotometer, reflectance in the green wavelengths (500-600nm) was measured and divided by reflectance in the red (600-700nm) to give a quantitative estimation of the redness …

Measuring Water Use Efficiency In Large And Small Leaves Of Malosma Laurina, Caitlin Ishibashi, Dan Kaczrowski, Evan Mattiansen

Featured Research

Our study set out to compare Water Use Efficiency (WUE) levels of Malosma laurina plants in both small and large leaves. We collected a total of 3 data sets, with each set consisting of 5 small leaves and 5 large leaves from a single specimen of Malosma laurina located on Pepperdine’s campus. Parameters including transpiration and photosynthesis were measured to calculate WUE of small and large leaves using an LI- 6400 Gas Exchange System. We hypothesized that small leaves would have a higher WUE rate than large leaves of the M. laurina. Analysis of this data via a paired …

The Effects Of Light Intensity And Color Absorption Of Diurnal Leaf Movements Of Malva Parviflora, Amy Lawrence, Ben Young, Matthew Yarborough

Featured Research

Our group measured the heliotropic response rate of the Malva parviflora under various light environments in order to see the effect that light color and intensity had on daily leaf movement. In our experiment we measured the leaf angle of plants under white, blue, red and green light, as well as plants under shade, over a specific duration of time in order to determine the rate of change. We ran a One-Way Analysis of Variance on leaf angle for light color as well as coverage at a 0.05 level using SPSS 17.0. The ANOVA test showed no significance for light …

Natural Microorganisms’ Effect On The Growth Of Lasthenia Californica In Post‐Fire Soil, Bryce Lindley, Taylor Miller, Tyler Gibson

Featured Research

The effect of microorganisms in post‐fire soil on the growth of lasthenia californica was studied by comparing growth in natural soil versus autoclaved soil. It was hypothesized that the seeds from the natural soil would have more growth because the microorganisms have a symbiotic relationship with the plants. Seeds were grown in similar conditions in both autoclaved and natural soil. After 44 days, the plants were uprooted and split into shoots and roots. Shoots and roots were then biomassed. The natural soil had a total shoot biomass of 3.031g and a total root biomass of 89.554g, while the autoclaved soil …

Soil Salinity And Stomatal Conductance On Chaparral Plants, Ron King, Lisa Malyak, Kelly Rausch

Featured Research

In our experiment we evaluated the soil salinity and corresponding stomatal conductance rates of Malosma laurina and Rhus integrifolia located near the coast and farther inland. Our prediction was that stomatal conductance would vary with the change in location of each species. Stomatal conductance was measured using a simple diffusion porometer and soil salinity was measured using a refractometer. We concluded that soil salinity caused a decline in stomatal conductance in both chaparral species. M. laurina was also found to be more sensitive to an increase in soil salinity, as its stomatal conductance rates declined more than that of R. …

Carbon Dioxide Expulsion By Ceanothus Spinosus In Response To Predawn Sunlight, Eian Carter, Jon Pauwels, Brittany Wilkins

Featured Research

In our experiment we studied the respiratory qualities of green bark ceanothus (Ceanothus spinosus). Plants are generally thought to undergo respiration during the night, building up carbon dioxide stores that are released in response to light. In resprouts with large root crowns, such as C. spinosus, we expected to see large amounts of carbon dioxide released right after dawn. This can be shown with the use of a portable gas exchange system. In C. spinosus, we compared normal respiration rates, based on carbon dioxide expulsion, to values obtained at predawn. We were able to show that …

The Effect Of Hydraulic Lift In Quercus Agrifolia On The Health Of Venegasia Carpesioides, Kelly Donovan, Brittany Wagner

Featured Research

Hydraulic lift was studied in live and dead Quercus agrifolia (Coastal Live Oak) in order to test its impact on surrounding Venegasia carpesioides (Canyon Sunflower). Hydraulic lift causes soil moisture to rise around the base of deep-rooted plants where neighboring plants can utilize this excess water. We predicted that the hydraulic lift of the Coastal Live Oak would increase soil moisture, causing higher stomatal conductance and higher water potential in nearby plants. Pvalues of .5258 and .6392 indicated there were no significant differences in soil moisture or in stomatal conductance of the Canyon Sunflowers. A p-value of .0378 showed a …

Evolving Innovation Paradigms And The Global Intellectual Property Regime, Katherine J. Strandburg

Connecticut Law Review

Since the negotiation of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property (TRIPS) in 1994, the innovative landscape has undergone dramatic changes due to technological advances in fields such as biotechnology, nanotechnology, and digital communications and computation. The increasing potential for user innovation, and open and collaborative innovation has brought an explosion of innovative activity that does not fit into the sales-oriented, mass market model which underlies the global intellectual property regime. In this Article, I argue that the debate over global governance of innovation should be expanded to account more fully for the implications of these changes. For the …

Sexual Politics And Social Change Commentary, Deborah N. Pearlstein

Connecticut Law Review

Since Alexander Hamilton first wrote of the functional virtues of the presidency in matters of foreign affairs, his claim that a unitary executive is specially blessed with advantages of “[d]ecision, activity, secrecy, and dispatch” has been invoked regularly to argue for a limited role for Congress in national security decision-making, and even more rigorous deference to executive preferences by the courts. The Hamiltonian virtues have proven particularly compelling to a modern set of functionalist scholars, from Bruce Ackerman to John Yoo, who rely on the same metrics of institutional competence to defend executive-heavy security detention programs (and other initiatives) against …

Making The Jump From Gene Pools To Patent Pools: How Patent Pools Can Facilitate The Development Of Pharmacogenomics Note, Courtney C. Scala

Connecticut Law Review

While promising great advancement in the understanding of genetic variability and drug response, the rapidly growing field of pharmacogenomics is plagued with an increasingly complex landscape of intellectual property rights. The often prohibitive transaction costs of negotiating a multitude of licensing agreements threaten to stifle innovation and limit the success that many hope pharmacogenomics will bring to personalized medicine. By aggregating intellectual property rights, patent pools offer an intriguing solution to some of the access issues confronting the pharmacogenomics industry. In the face of a proliferation of genomic patents, patent pools provide a unique opportunity to navigate the patent thicket …

Marriage As Monopoly: History, Tradition, Incrementalism, And The Marriage/Civil Union Distinction Commentary, Suzanne B. Goldberg

Connecticut Law Review

History and tradition have taken a prominent place as favored rationales for the exclusion of same-sex couples from marriage. Incrementalism likewise has been invoked to suggest that states can permissibly move “one step at a time” to redress the unequal status of same-sex couples, including by creating a civil union/marriage regime instead of providing marriage for all. Yet constitutional jurisprudence is clear that neither longevity nor tradition alone can justify the continuation of a discriminatory rule. This Article asks, then, what work these rationales perform in the marriage/civil union jurisprudence and debate, given their inadequacy from a doctrinal standpoint. The …

Judicial Analysis Of Complex & Cutting-Edge Science In The Daubert Era: Epidemiologic Risk Assessment As A Test For Case For Reform Strategies, Andrew Jurs

Connecticut Law Review

Since Daubert, courts have faced difficulty with screening cutting-edge scientific evidence pursuant to Federal Rule of Evidence 702. By inconsistently handling particularly complex epidemiologic studies in Daubert reviews, judges analyzing this science exposed weaknesses of the Daubert system. Weaknesses of the Daubert regime include judicial skills with scientific methods, use of improper bright-line tests, outlier enhancement of experts, and the incompatibility of some judicial procedure with science. Each identified issue presents a reason why a judge may inaccurately evaluate scientific principles. To address these identified weaknesses, this Article proposes modifications to the current system. One way to bring more science …

Untold Stories: Gender-Related Persecution And Asylum In South Africa, Lindsay M. Harris

Michigan Journal of Gender & Law

This Article explains the particular difficulties that female asylum seekers and survivors of gender-related persecution face, reaffirming the need for the practical and sensitive application of international and domestic gender guidelines. Extensive research into client files and interviews with key decision makers prove that, despite scholarship suggesting that women may be advantaged in asylum proceedings, a focus on gender is still needed in the South African context. While there are undoubtedly problematic elements of the 1998 Refugees Act warranting its revision, the addition of gender as an additional category under the refugee definition, as proposed by the recent Refugees Amendment …

Giving In To Baby Markets: Regulation Without Prohibition, Sonia M. Suter

Michigan Journal of Gender & Law

The commodification of reproductive material evokes different responses. Some argue that the sale of reproductive material should be prohibited. Others argue in favor of unfettered baby markets on principle or to achieve broad-scale access to reproductive technologies. In this Article, the author responds to the emergence of baby markets with great skepticism, but reluctant acceptance. Drawing on a relational conception of autonomy and self-definition, she argues that commodification of reproductive material is intrinsically harmful. Moreover, such commodification poses a number of consequential harms. Nevertheless, in spite of these concerns, the author "gives in" to baby markets, which is to say …

Polyelectrolyte-Linked, Multi-Layer Film Assemblies Of Aqueous Nanoparticles And Nanoshells, Anne Galyean

Honors Theses

Multi-layer films of nanoparticles and nanoshells featuring various polymeric linkage molecules have been assembled and their optical properties characterized. The growth dynamics, including molecular weight effects, and stability of the various nanoparticle film constructions, using both single polymer as well as combinations of alternating charge polyelectrolytes as linking mechanisms, are presented. The polymeric linkers studied include poly-L-lysine, poly-L-arginine, poly(allylamine hydrochloride), and polyamidoamine dendrimers. Significantly air stable films were achieved with the use of multi-layered polymeric bridges between the nanoparticles and nanoshells. Optical sensitivity normally observed with these nanomaterials in solution was observed for their corresponding film geometries, with the nanoshell …

Review Of "Stanislavsky And Female Actors: Women In Stanislavsky's Life And Art" By M. Ignatieva, Brian R. Johnson

Russian Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Weighing Medical Judgments: Explaining Evidentiary Preferences For Treating Physician Opinions In Erisa Cases After Black & Decker Disability Plan V. Nord, Roy F. Harmon Iii, A.G. Harmon

Scholarly Articles

No abstract provided.

International Intellectual Property, Melvyn J. Simburg, Robin Fahlberg, Suong Nguyen, Henry Blanco White, Bruce Macdonald, Aleksey Zalesov, Paul Jones, Daniel Marugg, Susan Brushaber, Herman Croux, Carl Kesten, Brechtje Lindeboom, David Taylor, Edward D. Manchester

The International Lawyer

No abstract provided.

Unlikely Bedfellows: Feminist Theory And The War On Terror, Rachel Lorna Johnstone

Chicago-Kent Journal of International and Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Indian Patent Law: Walking The Line, Johanna Sheehe

Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business

This comment proposes that cultural preferences have had a strong influence over the development of Indian patent law, and that these preferences influenced the court decision against Novartis. Part I will introduce TRIPS and international patent law, discuss the development of Indian patent law in the context of its colonial past and WTO membership, and explain the decisions by the Indian Patent Office and the Court of Madras in the context of Glivec's development. Part II will explore WTO attitudes and approaches to TRIPS and argue that if Switzerland were to bring India to the WTO's Dispute Settlement Board (DSB), …

Four-Country Surveillance Of Intestinal Intussusception And Diarrhoea In Children, Shally Awasthi, Girdhar Agarwal, Vikas Mishra, Vijay Laxmi Nag, Hesham Fathey El Sayed, Antonio Da Cunha, Alvaro Madeiro, Dipty Jain, William Macharia, James Ndung'u, Saumya Awasthi, Ashish Wakhlu

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

Aim: Establishment of baseline epidemiology of intussusception in developing countries has become a necessity with the possibility of reintroduction of rotavirus vaccine. The current study assessed the seasonal trend in cases admitted with intussusceptions and dehydrating acute watery diarrhoea in children aged 2 months to 10 years.

Methods: In a prospective surveillance study, teaching and research hospital sites in India (Lucknow and Nagpur), Brazil (Fortazela), Egypt (Ismailia) and Kenya (Nairobi) established a surveillance where a network of hospitals with surgical facilities catered to a reference population of about 1-2 million for reporting of intussusception. One large hospital per site also …

International Standards For Detaining Terrorism Suspects: Moving Beyond The Armed Conflict-Criminal Divide, Monica Hakimi

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Canada-United States Cooperative Approaches To Shared Marine Fishery Resources: Territorial Subversion?, Ted L. Mcdorman

Michigan Journal of International Law

This Essay will focus on how Canada and the United States have both succeeded and failed in adopting cooperative approaches to managing ocean fishery resources. A critical factor that has influenced these efforts is the introduction of an international legal construct dictating that States have exclusive sovereign rights respecting all marine living resources within 200 nautical miles of their shores. Cooperative approaches to managing transboundary marine living resources between Canada and the United States are necessary for two reasons. First, in the case of marine living resources, the resource pays scant attention to human-constructed national boundaries. Put another way, marine …

Conflicting Jurisdictions Over Disputes Arising From The Application Of Trade-Related Environmental Measures, Wen-Chen Shih

Richmond Journal of Global Law & Business

No abstract provided.

Paper Women: The Representation Of Female Offenders In Irish Newspapers, Lynsey Black

Dissertations

Reductionistic definitions characterise many of the representations of women in our society. From superficial depictions of women as sex objects to the elevation of motherhood as a paragon of womanhood, women navigate myriad roles available to them exclusively because of their gender. Female offenders are potentially more vulnerable to such limitations of representation due to their relative invisibility. Society is largely unacquainted with the realities of circumstance for such women, who are therefore reliant upon media outlets to inform the public. The operation of this process in Ireland has not been the subject of extensive research, and the current study …